Wastewater & Effluents in Israel: Monitoring and Prevention of Water ...
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Wastewater & Effluents In Israel
Monitoring and Prevention of Water
Pollution
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Number of closed well 1998-2014 Pollutant
107 Nitrate
24 Chloride
5 Microbial
3 Detergents
4 Heavy metal
21 Organic pollutants (VOC)
18 EDB
3 MTBE (fuel)
14 Perchlorate
199 Total
Number of closed drinking wells in Israel
disqualification
30% of the wells closed by industrial pollution, almost all of then located on the Coastal aquifer
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Water Quality
Prevention (enforcement, laws and rules, Treating sewage system)
Monitoring
Remediation
Stands on 3 pillars:
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Prevention:
Industrial Wastewater
Rules define industrial wastewater quality allowed discharging to the sewage system: Protect the sewage system from damage and clogging
Protect the biological process in the WWTPs
Reduce contaminants from sewage and effluent
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Monitoring:
Drives for monitoring
Providing objective, reliable and comparable information at a
national level
Define baseline groundwater conditions (status)
Determining trends in groundwater quality (trends)
Providing a three dimensional picture of groundwater quality
within aquifers (understanding)
Providing early warning of groundwater pollution.
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Monitoring Network
Monitoring network developed to protecting drinking water wells
960 monitoring wells were drilled close to gas stations and industrial zones for early warning
Gas stations
Landfills
Industry
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Remediation: Instructions for treatment and remediation when
pollution is found
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OECD Report: Population Connected to WWTPs
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507 MCM/year Sewage
Population
~ 8,000,000
468 MCM/year Treated in WWTP
400 MCM/year Reused for Irrigation
92.3%
85.4%
reclaimed effluent usage plants
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Sodium and Chloride Load and Concentrations in Effluent
Chloride concentration in WWTPs- 2012
Chloride concentration in WWTPs- 2010
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
Cl Na
Load
(to
n/y
ear
)
2010
2012
• Desalination • Reducing salts in the industrial wastewater
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Always a dr p ahead