Waste Mangt Ppt

8/8/2019 Waste Mangt Ppt

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By:

AJIT KUMAR SATAPATHY


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INTRODUCTION

yWaste management is the collection, transport,

processing, recycling or disposal, and monitoringofwaste materials. The term usually relates tomaterials produced by human activity, and isgenerally undertaken to reduce their effect on

health, the environment or aesthetics.


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WASTE

WASTE

MANAGEMENT

y An unusable / unwanted

substance or material.

y Rejected as worthless.

Eg) Rubbish, trash, garbage orjunk

y Collection

y source separation

y storagey transportation

y Recycling

y processing

y treatmenty disposal of waste


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AIM OF WASTE

MANAGEMENT

@ To extractmaximum practicalbenefits.

@ To generateminimum amountof waste.

@ Reduce negativeimpacts - onenvironment &society.


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Kinds of WastesSolid wastes: domestic,commercial andindustrial

wastes especiallycommon as co-disposalofwastes

Examples: plastics, styrofoam containers, bottles, cans,

papers, scrap iron, and other trashLiquid Wastes: wastes in liquidform

Examples: domestic washings, chemicals, oils, waste

water from ponds, manufacturing industries and othersources

Gaseous waste: are included Carbon dioxide CO2 is anaturally occurring greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.However the amount of it increases when we burnfossil fuels, leading to global warming.


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Classification of Wastes accordingto their

Properties

Bio-degradable

can be degraded (paper, wood, fruits and others)

Non-biodegradable

cannot be degraded (plastics, bottles, old machines,

cans, styrofoam containers and others)


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Hazardous wastesHazardous wastes comprise solid, liquid, or gas wastes thatcan cause death, illness, or injury to people or destruction ofthe environment if improperly treated, stored, transported, ordiscarded.

ignitable corrosive reactive Toxic.Non-hazardous wastes

Non-hazardous waste is any solid waste, special waste that isnot otherwise classified as a hazardous waste, biomedicalwaste, or low level radioactive waste.

Solid: garbage, rubbish, refuse, construction and demolitiondebris, special waste, and tires

Special waste: boiler and incinerator ash, paper mill sludge,medical waste, petroleum contaminated soils, and sandblast

grit.


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SOURCES OF WASTES

*Domestic wastes - Eg) paper, plastic, glass, ceramics,vegetable wastes

*Commercial wastes - Eg) printer paper, meat remnants

*Ashes - Eg) coal, wood and coke.- Open burning of wastes also generates ashes

*E -Waste - electronics disposed-E.g.)Secondary computers, electronics, mobile phones,television sets & refrigerator


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*Biomedical Wastes - Eg) expired drugs, plasticsyringes, surgical dressings

*Construction Wastes - Eg) metal rods,bricks, cement, concrete, roofing materials

- digging activities Eg) telephone,electricity, drainage

*Industrial Solid Wastes -Eg) garmentfactory would dump textiles of various kinds

*Sewer - removed from sewerage - left onthe roadside


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Effects of waste If not managed

y Affects our health

y Affects our socio-economicconditionsy Affects our coastal andmarine environment

y Affects our climate

y Rise in global temperatures


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Incineration is a disposal method that involves combustion of waste

material.

METHODS OF DISPOSAL

INCINERATION

RECYCLING METHOD

The process of extracting resources or value from waste is generally referred toas recycling, meaning to recover or reuse the material.

BIOLOGICAL REPROCESSING

Waste materials that are organic in nature, such as plant material, food scraps,

and paper products, can be recycled using biological composting and digestion

processes to decompose the organic matter.

LANDFILLSDisposing of waste in a landfill involves burying waste, and this remains a

common practice in most countries.


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Suggestions

y Improve product design to use less materials.

yuse biodegradable materials

y maintenance of cleanliness in yards and streets

y At Source Treatment, Separation of materials should bedone at source

yEncourage people to reuse materials rather than purchasenew ones.


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Conclusion.

yWaste management is most important in our dailylife because we generate more and more waste

materials in our daily activity which may affect ourhealth, socio economic condition, climate, globaltemperature and may cause serious health diseasesso we should reduce, reuse, recover and recycle the

waste materials.


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THANK YOU

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Sources of Wastes

Households

Commerce andIndustry


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Sources of Wastes

Agriculture

Fisheries


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Countries Amount /year

Japan 395 M tonnes/year

Germany 104 M tonnes/year

Netherlands 6.1 M tonnes/year

Hungary 102 M tonnes/year

Poland 130 M tonnes/year

Romania 607 M tonnes/year

Bahrain 92,000 tonnes/year

China 6 B tonnes/year

Philippines 1.3 M tonnes/year

*from primary and secondary industry sectors


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yBiodegradablewastes

y Biodegradable wastes are those wastewhich can be decomposed by themicroorganisms into simplersubstances. If it is handled in the

proper way it causes no harm.

y Some examples are:

1. peel and cutting offruits and vegetables

2. cow dung

3. plant residue andagriculture.

.

yBiodegradablewastes

y Biodegradable wastes are those wastewhich can be decomposed by themicroorganisms into simplersubstances. If it is handled in the

proper way it causes no harm.


1. peel and cutting offruits and vegetables

2. cow dung

3. plant residue andagriculture.

.

yNon-biodegradable

wastesy Non biodegradable wastes are those

which cannot be decomposed by themicroorganisms into simplersubstances. Such types of waste is amatter of serious concern for all of us &if it is not handled properly, causes

pollution.


1. plastic bags

2. buckets

3. plates4. glass

5. metal scrap

6. industrial metallic waste

yNon-biodegradable

wastesy Non biodegradable wastes are those

which cannot be decomposed by themicroorganisms into simplersubstances. Such types of waste is amatter of serious concern for all of us &if it is not handled properly, causes

pollution.


1. plastic bags

2. buckets

3. plates4. glass

5. metal scrap

6. industrial metallic waste


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Effects On Human Health.

Damage to central and peripheral nervous systems, blood

systems and kidney damage.

Affects brain development of children.

Chronic damage to the brain.

Respiratory and skin disorders due to bioaccumulation in fishes.

Asthmatic problems.

DNA damage.

Reproductive and developmental problems.

Lung Cancer.

Damage to heart and liver.


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Effects On Environment.

Pollution of Ground-Water.

Acidification of soil.Air Pollution.

E-Waste accounts for 40 percent of the lead and

75 percent of the heavy metals found in landfills.


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WHAT SHOULD BE DONEy Reduce Waste

- Reduce office paper waste byimplementing a formal policytoduplex alldraft reports and bymaking training manuals andpersonnelinformation available electronically.

- Improve product design touse less materials.

- Redesign packaging to eliminate excess material whilemaintaining strength.

- Work withcustomers todesign andimplement a packaging

return program.

- Switch to reusable transport containers.

- Purchase products in bulk.


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WHAT SHOULD BE DONEReuse

- Reuse corrugatedmoving boxes internally.

- Reuse office furniture and supplies, such as interofficeenvelopes,file folders, and paper.

- Use durable towels, tablecloths, napkins,dishes,cups, andglasses.

- Use incoming packaging materials for outgoing shipments.

- Encourage employees to reuse office materials rather thanpurchase new ones.


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WHAT SHOULD BE DONEDonate/Exchange

- old books

- oldclothes

- oldcomputers

- excess building materials

- old equipment tolocalorganizations


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WHAT SHOULD BE DONEEmployee Education

- Develop an office recycling procedures packet.

- Sendout recycling reminders to all employees includingenvironmental articles.

- Train employees on recycling practices prior toimplementingrecycling programs.

- Conduct an ongoing training process as new technologies areintroduced and new employees join the institution.


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WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Employee Education

- education campaign on waste management thatincludes an extensive internal web site,quarterlynewsletters,dailybulletins, promotional signs andhelpful reference labels within the campus ofaninstitution.


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WHAT SHOULD BE DONEPreventing Waste

- packaging waste reductions andchanges

in the manufacturing process

- use biodegradable materials


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WHAT SHOULD BE DONE

Conduct outreach program adopting anecologicallysound waste management system

whichincludes:

y waste reduction

y segregation at source

y

compostingy recycling and re-use

y more efficient collection

y more environmentallysounddisposal

Waste Mangt Ppt

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