Waste Management

Early Concepts of Waste DisposalStart of Industrial Revolution, the volume of waste produced in the US was relatively small.

Factories located near water.

Few factories and a sparse population

Early Concepts of Waste DisposalAs industrial and urban areas expanded, the concept became concentrate and contain

People are facing a serious solid-waste disposal problem.

Modern TrendsEnvironmentally correct concept is to consider wastes as resources out of place.

Industrial ecology

Modern TrendsCountries have moved to cut waste by imposing taxes.

Waste to energy

Reduce, Reuse, RecycleUltimate objective of the three Rs is to reduce.The amount of refuse disposed of in landfills or incinerated can be reduced by at least 50% Reduction facilitated by

Recycling of Human WasteThe use of human waste or night soil on croplands is an ancient practice.

Materials ManagementFuturistic waste management has the goal of zero production of waste.

Composition of Solid WastePaper is by far the most abundant content.Excavations into modern landfills using archeological tools

Waste Reduction

Waste DisposalOpen Dumps

Sanitary Landfills

Site SelectionA number of factors must be taken into consideration when selecting a site, including:

How Pollutants Can Enter the Environment from Sanitary Landfills

Federal Legislation for Sanitary LandfillsProvisions of federal standards include the following:

Ocean DumpingOceans have long been dumping grounds for many types of waste, including industrial waste, construction debris, urban sewage, and plastics

Ocean DumpingMarine pollution can have major impacts on people and society.