Waste Disposal
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Transcript of Waste Disposal
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Waste Disposal
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Mobro 4000
On March 22, 1987, an unassuming barge called the Mobro 4000 began a 6,000 mile voyage, looking for a port that would take its cargo--nearly 3,200 tons of trash. With its escort, the tugboat Break of Day, the Mobro would sail along the coast of the Eastern and Southern United States, down into the Gulf of Mexico and through the Bahamas, before finally returning to New York, still bearing its load of garbage.
Taken from “News of the Odd”http://www.newsoftheodd.com/index.html
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Love Canal
1927
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New Bedford
Excavation of PCB contaminated sediment
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Woburn – WR Grace
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Types of Waste• Domestic/Municipal Solid
Waste• Non-municipal Solid Waste
– Mining– Agriculture– Forestry– Industry
• Hazardous Waste– Toxic organics
• PCB’s; Dioxin– Toxic Inorganics– Reactive/Flammable
• Radioactive Waste– High level– Low level
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Municipal Solid Waste
Special Concern• Tires• Plastics• Computers• Residual toxins
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Methods of Disposal• Landfill
– Sanitary– Secure
• Incineration– Mass Burn, Modular, Refuse-derived– Hazardous
• Deep Well Injection
• Recycling• Composting• Source Reduction
– Reuse– Packaging– Alternatives
• Detoxification– Remediation
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Waste Reduction• Reduction of waste associated with manufacturing and
packaging• Reuse• Recycling
– Systems based on sorting– Single stream systems
• Integrated Waste Management
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Why Promote Composting, Recycling and Integrated Waste Management?
• Lack of sites for sanitary landfills• Reduced contamination of the waste stream• Reduction in the environmental impacts associated with mining and
mineral extraction• Reduction in environmental impacts associated with incineration• Energy Conservation (4x more energy required to produce an
aluminum can from virgin materials
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Hazardous Wastes
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Secure Landfill
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Incineration
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Cost Benefit Analysis
• Determination of potential environmental and human health effects for each alternative
• Political reality (NIMBY; willingness to comply)
• Economic analysis (marginal cost diagram, again)
• Internalization of External Costs
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Legislative Approaches
• Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (1976/1986)• Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation
and Liability Act (Superfund, 1980)– National Priorities List
• Support of Brownfields Development• Ocean Dumping Ban (1988)• Permitting of Municipal Disposal Sites• Mandated Recycling• Increased Disposal Fees
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Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
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CERCLA 1980