WASH CLUSTER CLUSTER DEFENSE │ IRAQ 2016 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN COORDINATOR:Annmarie Swai,...
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Transcript of WASH CLUSTER CLUSTER DEFENSE │ IRAQ 2016 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN COORDINATOR:Annmarie Swai,...
WASH CLUSTER CLUSTER DEFENSE │ IRAQ 2016 HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE PLAN
COORDINATOR: Annmarie Swai, UNICEF
CO-COORDINATOR: Melissa Adoum, ACF
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
2015 ACHIEVEMENTSFirst-Line Aim Immediate, life - saving and dignified WASH needs met for most vulnerable,
critically affected
Second-Line Aim
Continued, improved and more equitable access to basic, appropriate and dignified WASH reaching more vulnerable, critically affected
Full Response Aim
To ensure more sustainable, durable and equitable access to appropriate and dignified WASH services for the most vulnerable, critically affected
Indicator Baseline Target Achieved (by Sept 30)
Access to a sufficient safe water supply 946,754 2,870,457 2,599,921 (91%)
Access to functional latrines 173,564 880,188 492,395 (56%)
Access to hygiene supplies (items/kits) 779,885 1,410,376 1,037,984 (74%)
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
2016 NEEDS: IDPs Outside of Camps and Highly at-risk in Host Communities
Over 91% of IDPs, major increase in 2015
Difficult to reach (scatter), neglected, already vulnerable host communities
Subject to new, secondary, continuous and protracted displacement
Increased poverty, debt, reduced government allocations – conflict over resources.
WASH services already inadequate (public services), unsafe, unreliable, unaffordable
Need privacy, security, dignity for all users
Need to reinforce WASH facilities and services in schools, health
Need to reinforce, scale up emergency interventions; develop resilient services
STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES SO1: Reaching host, IDP
communities with sequenced response as appropriate
SO2: Connection to Public Systems, Coordination with Local Authorities/Communities; WASH services in institutions;
SO4: Support to Public services (Institutional and communal level)
GEOGRAPHIC AREAS Country wide. Particularly severe in protracted (Dahuk, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Ninewa, Diyala) and new displacements (Anbar, Baghdad, Kirkuk, Salah al-Din)
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
2016 NEEDS: IDPs in Camps
WASH package for new camps
O&M : initiated, sustained or reinforced (households and institutions)
Replace, upgrade or expand facilities to meet standards; cater for new influxes (households and institutions)
Reinforce linkage with CCCM
Strengthen Community and Government management structures and handover
Stimulate ownership, proper use
Privacy, security, dignity for all users
Provision for winter and summer
Safely decommission old, outdated or unused facilities
STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES• SO1: Reaching IDPs with appropriate
line response • SO2: meeting standards to ensure
dignity, empowerment of local management structures
• SO4: Ensure critical services are supported and retained
GEOGRAPHIC AREAS Initially in KRI, now huge increase in Ninewa, Diyala, Kirkuk, Baghdad, Anbar
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
2016 NEEDS: Highly at-risk in Difficult to Reach Areas
Highly mobile, smaller groups, scattered; access challenged by security
Require immediate, lifesaving WASH
Response should DO NO HARM and aim at reinforcing peoples’ dignity
Settlements are temporary or transitory – need efficient and cost-effectively delivery, systematic and safe decommissioning
Contingency capacity to respond is critical – dynamic numbers, mobile populations
STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES SO1: Reaching as many as possible
with first-line response, building partnership with local organizations (NGOs, communities). Cash as an option
GEOGRAPHIC AREAS Anbar, Babylon, Erbil, Kirkuk, Ninewa, Salah al-Din
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
2016 NEEDS: Returnees and Newly Accessible People
With continued military operations and expressed willingness to return, caseload will increase in 2016
Service provision unstable, some infrastructure massively damaged
WASH systems require restoration, rehabilitation, and/or alternate energy supply until public electricity is restored
Capacity of authorities for O&M challenged by lack of financial and human resources, due to continued displacement
STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES SO1: Addressing as possible within
first and second-line response, including “remainees”
SO3: Support the safe and voluntary returns, prepare for transition from Humanitarian to Stabilization phase
SO4: Ensure critical services in return areas are reactivated and supported in the short term, with clear transition
GEOGRAPHIC AREAS Anbar, Diyala, Kirkuk, Ninewa, Salah al Din
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
2016 NEEDS: Across all Caseloads
Solid waste management, safe desludging costly, unsustainable due to weak Government and system capacity
Safe final treatment and disposal of waste water not a national priority
Absence of reliable and safe WASH greatly increases vulnerability to disease and malnutrition eg: AWD, Cholera
Inadequate WASH puts women and children at particular risk of disease, violence, loss of dignity
Pressure on environmental resources in drought-prone, high density areas. Extreme weather brings additional needs
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
OVERVIEW OF 2016 PROJECTS AND REQUIREMENTSOriginal Value of all submissions (USD): $124,011,505
Value of Recommended Portfolio (USD): $84,958,227 *
Original Number of projects: 50
# of Projects in Recommended Portfolio: 30 *
# of Total Partners in portfolio: 30
# of National Partners in portfolio: 4 (+3) *
# People Targeted: 3,101,364 *
In # of Governorates: 18
%age of Projects with Gender Marker Code of 2 (a or b): 100% (2a)
%age of Projects in KR-I: 16% totally; 57% partially
%age of Portfolio Budget in KR-I: 36.7% *
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
PEOPLE IN NEED AND TARGETED
IDPS, IN CAMPS
IDPS, NON-CAMPS
HOST COMMUNITY
HARD TO REACH RETURNEES REFUGEES TOTAL
CURRENT NUMBER IN NEED
267,516 2,924,790 3,197,052 3,056,651 374,244 247,352 10,067,605 51% W/47% C
PROJECTED UNTIL END 2016
270,000 3,500,000 3,200,000 3,000,000 800,000 250,000 11,020,000 50% W/47%C
CRITICALLY NEED OF WASH
270,000 1,569,701 2,665,044 500,000 400,000 250,000 5,652,261 51% W/46%C
TARGETED FOR ASSISTANCE
270,000 1,078,345 893,313 492,943 369,247 171,148 3,274,996 51% W/46%C
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
PEOPLE IN NEED AND TARGETED• Based on DTM (August 2015), OCHA data; HNO analysis
(September 2015).
• Severity calculation based on:
- # of IDPs indicating Water and Sanitation/Hygiene as primary need
- # of IDPs in critical shelter conditions
- % of IDP population within population
- Qualitative adjustment for districts with severe conflict risk, highly populated etc.
IDPs in camps
8%
IDPs outside camps31%
Host Communi-ties23%
Hard-to-reach19%
Returnees11%
Refugees8%
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
WHOLE OF IRAQ FOCUSCluster Goal: provide a sequenced, comprehensive package of WASH services to emergency affected people in critical need across Iraq in support of the 2016 HRP strategic objectives
Cluster Objectives:
1. Most vulnerable, emergency affected girls, boys, men and women have timely, equitable and sustainable access to a sufficient quantity of safe drinking and domestic water
2. Most vulnerable, emergency affected girls, boys, men and women have equitable access to gender and culturally appropriate sanitation and live in a healthy, hygienic environment
3. Most vulnerable, emergency affected girls, boys, men and women have equitable access to appropriate, core hygiene items, practice good personal and environmental hygiene
SO1 SO2 SO3 SO4 SO5
50% 10% 10% 30% 0%
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
WHOLE OF IRAQ FOCUS
CLUSTER SYNERGIES
• Health - public health, institutions• Education and Child Protection – focus
on children, in schools and CFS• Shelter - coordinated planning and
strengthened infrastructure • CCCM – O&M, monitoring
Response IN CAMPS OUTSIDE OF CAMPS HOST COMMUNITIESDIFFICULT TO REACH
AREASRETURNEES
1st line SO1 SO1 SO1 SO1 SO1 SO3
2nd line SO1 SO4 SO1 SO4 SO1 SO4 SO1 SO3 SO4
Full SO1 SO2 SO4 SO1 SO2 SO4 SO1 SO2 SO4
INST
ITU
TIO
NS
HOU
SEHO
LDS
Level
LINKAGE WASH CLUSTER STRATEGY TO STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES
• Livelihoods and Multi Purpose Cash assistance – contribute to regain dignity and stimulate local economy
• Social-cohesion: conflict prevention interventions, supporting host and remainees
• Site-specific multi-cluster perspective
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
WHOLE OF IRAQ FOCUS Prioritized targeting using adapted, efficient, appropriate response mechanisms
Provide rapid, timely humanitarian assistance country wide through:- First line WASH response, with stronger link to RRM- Prepositioning contingency stocks, capacities (cholera, displacements, sudden onset
emergencies)- Supporting, deploying quick, mobile gap-filling teams
Prefer cash or voucher modalities, with WASH cluster and inter-cluster guidance
Prioritize integrated interventions to increase impact and coverage
For hard-to-reach populations: - Work through and with local NGOs and Authorities, Community and Religious Leaders- Provide tailored capacity building for targeted local partners- Invest in community-based resources and skills, empowering affected communities
themselves- Support local government service provision, including multi-Governorate projects.
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
PROTECTION MAINSTREAMING Build capacity of WASH service providers to mainstream protection in the response:
- Cultivate a privileged link with Protection Cluster (GBV “Buddy”)- Widely share specific guidelines, tools, context-specific experiences.- Organize training on protection mainstreaming for WASH field teams- Ensure as a Cluster Standard that interventions are developed in consultation with
affected people, address specific needs and ensure impartial assistance (elderly, PLWD, Gender, Culture), target most vulnerable limiting marginalization and social tensions;
Avoid exposing people to further harm:
- Ensure as a Cluster Standard quality, safe facilities (lighting, locks, privacy, gender segregation) and integration of “Do No Harm Approaches”
- Enable capacity to monitor, address quality, safety issues through WASH Committees
Assist people claim their rights:
- Train service providers, hygiene promoters, WASH committees to link affected populations to available complains mechanisms and protection referral pathways.
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
ACCOUNTABILITY TO AFFECTED POPULATIONS Use community-based resources (WASH committees, community-based monitoring
groups) in roles where they can affect decisions, therefore effectively and significantly involving the affected population at all levels of the response
Ensure two way communication to affected population during implementation (assessments, selection criteria, implementation approaches) strategy development (targets, minimum standards) so that they can give feedback, make informed decisions.
Enhance promotion of established UNOPS Call Center
Pilot, support local complementary complains mechanisms, based on preferred communication means of the communities and site-specific information.
IRAQ 2015 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
MINIMUM PACKAGEAddress arising, and meet continued, critical, specific needs of targeted caseloads for:
Safe, sustained, equitable access to a sufficient quantity of water to meet basic drinking, domestic and personal hygiene needs, accounting for seasonal water needs
Adequate, safe and appropriate (culturally and gender and age sensitive) sanitation and waste management to ensure a healthy living environment
Critical hygiene items, promoting use to ensure personal hygiene, health, dignity, well-being
Considers:
Cluster Minimum Humanitarian Standards Immediate life-saving services, rehabilitation of essential infrastructures,
minimising long term O&M costs, building capacity of primary service providers and local resources
Contribution to reducing social tensions, placing AAP at centre of response Enabling those most at risk to realise basic rights (to water and education),
safeguard health, protection Advocacy on key issues
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
SEQUENCED RESPONSEFIRST-LINE RESPONSE
Ensure immediate, life - saving, dignified access to WASH: Provide timely, urgent interventions to ensure basic, safe, critical service provision• All caseloads: Initial step in sequenced response, or only possible response in different areas• 0 to 3 months from onset of emergency
FIRST-LINE RESPONSE—EXAMPLES OF KEY ACTIVITIES• Preposition contingency supplies
• Conduct Rapid Needs Assessments and systematic PDM (involve, give feed back to affected populations)
• Promote Call center and establish complimentary basic complain mechanisms
• Distribute safe water (bottles, tankering); ensure water quality (chlorine, HWTS); install emergency water distribution systems
• Provide mobile/reusable or install sanitation facilities; waste collection items; set-up waste collection mechanisms: quick protection, and decommissioning if possible, of unused facilities
• Distribute critical hygiene items; disseminate key hygiene messages with basic IEC material
• Provide first line services in Schools, CFS, Health facilities
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
SEQUENCED RESPONSESECOND-LINE RESPONSE
Ensure continued, improved, more equitable and dignified access to appropriate WASH: Improve coverage, meet basic standards, O&M and sustain services• IDPs in camps; Outside camps; Host Communities; Returnees/Newly Accessible • 0 to 9 months within response
SECOND-LINE RESPONSE—EXAMPLES OF KEY ACTIVITIES• Assess, analyze WASH situation, discuss results with communities, refine response
• Develop, empower local community/authorities response capacity
• Reinforce, systematize, regularize community feedback mechanisms, ensure follow up
• Quick fix restoration, improvement of water supply systems, provide supplies (pumps, generators), consumables and fuel; support water quality assurance
• Quick fix restoration, repair, expansion of sanitation systems; recruit waste collectors; support municipal waste collection services, ensure safe final treatment and disposal of waste
• Hygiene promotion through community structures; promote hygiene, resource conservation, appropriate usage; provide cash, hygiene vouchers or basic hygiene items
• Enhance WASH services in institutions
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
SEQUENCED RESPONSEFULL-CLUSTER RESPONSE
Ensure more sustainable, durable and equitable access to WASH services : Ensure quality services, humanitarian standards, sustained provision and O&M• IDPs in camps, Outside of camps, highly at Risk in Host Communities• 0 to 12 months within the response (as early as possible)
FULL-CLUSTER RESPONSE—EXAMPLES OF KEY ACTIVITIES• Assess and monitor WASH needs, services, resources; evaluate impact of response• Handover service provision and O&M to government, community, stabilization or
development actors, share and promote lessons learned• Medium scale restoration, extension, of water systems and sources; connect users to existing
facilities or public networks• Medium scale restoration, extension, of sanitation systems; piloting of final waste disposal
options, share results; • Promote environmental hygiene, resource conservation, O&M of facilities; Provide cash,
hygiene vouchers or items• Safe decommissioning of outdated, old, unused facilities• Support duty bearers to support ad sustain WASH services in institutions
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
EXIT STRATEGY Community engagement in service provision through WASH committees and users’
groups, including training in O&M, aiming at ultimately assume responsibility for management and delivery of community level services
Developing appropriate facilities at acceptable cost, easing O&M aiming at self-manage WASH services with reduced support from CCCM and WASH agencies.
Establishing partnerships with national NGOs, strengthening their capacity to continue, expand and scale-up WASH service delivery as autonomously as possible.
Building stronger linkages between Government and Stabilization and Development partners
Prepare hand-over to authorities
IRAQ 2016 HRP │ CLUSTER DEFENSES
Q&A