Wars in Korea
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Transcript of Wars in Korea
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Wars in Korea
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• WWII ended and Korea was split at 38th Parallel– N of line – Japanese surrendered to USSR
• Communist gov’t• industrial
– S of line – surrendered to Americans• Non-Communist• rural
Divided at 38th Parallel
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• 1949 – USSR and US withdraw most of their troops– Soviets supply N. Koreans w/tanks,
airplanes, $ to take over South– Gamble that US won’t defend S. Korea
War in Korea
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• June 25, 1950 N. Koreans cross 38th parallel• Truman convinced they are repeating Hitler
– Tested containment– Truman responded
• S. Koreans approach UN– USSR absent– International force sent to Korea
• Led by Douglas MacArthur
Standoff at 38th Parallel
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• N. Koreans continue advance• Sept. 1950 controlled entire peninsula
except Pusan• MacArthur launches attack at Inchon
– Catches N. Koreans between forces– Half of N. Koreans surrender
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• UN forces push into N. Korea– Nov. 1950 - Close to Chinese border (Yalu
River)• Chinese feel threatened
– Oct 1950 - Send 300,000 troops into N. Korea
– Outnumber UN forces– Jan 1951 push UN back to S. Korea
Fighting Continues
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• Chinese capture capital of Seoul– MacArthur calls for nuclear attack– Truman says too reckless– MacArthur went to Congress– Removed from position by Truman
• 1952 – UN regains S. Korea• July 1953 – Ceasefire signed
– Border established at 38th Parallel
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• Korea remains divided• Demilitarized zone created• N. Korea
– Kim Il Sung established collective farms• Developed heavy industry• Built up military
– 1994 – Kim Jong Il takes over• Develops nuclear weapons• Serious economic problems
Aftermath of War
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• S. Korea– Prosperous economy
• Supported by US and other nations– 1960s concentrated on developing industry
and expanding trade– Primarily dictators– 1987 adopts democratic constitution– US has troops there still
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Casualties in the Korean War
780,000500,000
70,000
30,000
4,500
NK & Chinese soldiersand civilians
SK civilians
SK soldiers
USA soldiers
Other UN soldiers
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By 1950 had Containment worked???
• Most Americans agreed with containing communism
• Some wanted a more aggressive policy like MacArthur
• More alliances were set up that were anti-Communist