Warning Concerning Copyright Restrictions · john P. Muller & William]. Richardson Thejohns Hopkins...
Transcript of Warning Concerning Copyright Restrictions · john P. Muller & William]. Richardson Thejohns Hopkins...
Warning Concerning Copyright Restrictions
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The Purloined Poe Lacan, Derrida & Psychoanalytic Reading
Edited by john P. Muller & William]. Richardson
Thejohns Hopkins University Press Baltimore and London
© I988 The Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America
The Johns Hopkins University Press 70I West 40th Street Baltimore Maryland 2 I 2 I I The Johns Hopkins Press Ltd., London
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of Ameri-can National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39-48-I984.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 87-2760 ISBN o-8oi8-3292-6 ISBN o-8oi8-3293-4 pbk
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data will be found on the last page of this book.
Preface
ONE Poe and Lacan
Thomas 0!/ive Mabbott, Tel Letter," with Notes
2 jacques Lacan, Seminar on translated by Jeffrey Mehlffk
3 Lacan's Seminar on "The I Overview
4 Lacan's Seminar on "The I the Text
5 Lacan's Seminar on "The· to the Text
TWO On Psychoanalytic Readir
6 Marie Bonaparte, Selectior of Edgar Allan Poe: A Psyc
v
r of "The Purloined Letter,'' with Notes THOMAS 0LLIVE
MABBOTT
Poe wrote]. R. Lowell on July 2, I844, that "'The Purloined Letter,' forthcoming in 'The Gift' is perhaps the best of my tales of ratiocina-tion." Many judicious critics have agreed, some even considering it the best of all Poe's stories. Its great merit lies in the fascination of the purely intellectual plot and in the absence of the sensational.
No exact source for Poe's plot has been pointed out, but Poe remarked on not seeking truth in a well in his prefatory "Letter to Mr.--" in Poems (I 8 3 I); in a review of Alexander Slidell's An American in England in the Southern Literary Messenger, February I836; and in "The Murders in the Rue Morgue," at note 29 (Mabbott I978, 2: 572).
The story was apparently hastily completed for the annual in which it was first printed. On May 3 I, I844, Poe wrote Edward L. Carey, a publisher, requesting a proof, because "the MS had many interlineations and erasures" -whereas most of his printer's copy was carefully prepared and unusually clean. (The untidy condition referred to is paralleled in the
Reprinted by permission of the publishers from Collected Works of Edgar Allan Poe, Volume III: Tales and Sketches r843-I849, Thomas Ollive Mabbott, Ed., Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Copyright © 1978 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College.
3
4 Th
omaJ
0/li
ve M
abbo
tt
case
of
"The
Mur
ders
in
the
Rue
Mor
gue,
" bu
t in
no
othe
r su
rviv
ing
man
uscr
ipt
of a
Poe
sto
ry.
The
May
3 I
lette
r w
as p
rint
ed i
n th
e fir
st su
pple
men
t of O
stro
m's
Lette
rs o
f Edg
ar A
llan
Poe [
see A
mer
ican
Liter
atur
e, N
ovem
ber
I952
}.)
The
revi
sion
for
the
pub
licat
ion
of "
The
Purl
oine
d Le
tter"
in th
e Ta
les o
f I84
5 w
as m
oder
ate
but s
killf
ul, a
nd th
e st
ory
was
ha
rdly
cha
nged
at a
ll in
the
J. L
orim
er G
raha
m c
opy.
Th
e ta
le w
as re
prin
ted
in C
hamb
ers'
Edin
burg
h jou
rnal
ofN
ovem
ber 3
0,
I844
, w
ith th
e fo
llow
ing
intr
oduc
tion:
The
Gift
is a
n A
mer
ican
ann
ual
of g
reat
typ
ogra
phic
al e
lega
nce,
and
em
belli
shed
with
man
y be
autif
ul e
ngra
ving
s. I
t co
ntai
ns a
n ar
ticle
, w
hich
, fo
r se
vera
l re
ason
s, ap
pear
s to
us
so r
emar
kabl
e, t
hat
we
leave
as
ide
seve
ral e
ffusio
ns o
f our
ord
inar
y co
ntri
buto
rs in
ord
er to
mak
e ro
om
for
an a
brid
gmen
t of i
t. Th
e w
rite
r, M
r. Ed
gar A
. Po
e, is
evid
ently
an
acut
e ob
serv
er o
f men
tal p
heno
men
a; a
nd w
e ha
ve to
than
k hi
m fo
r one
of
the
apte
st i
llust
ratio
ns w
hich
cou
ld w
ell
be c
once
ived
, of
that
cur
ious
pl
ay o
f tw
o m
inds
, in
whi
ch o
ne p
erso
n, l
et u
s ca
ll hi
m A
, gue
sses
wha
t an
othe
r, B
, will
do,
jud
ging
that
B w
ill a
dopt
a p
artic
ular
line
of p
olic
y to
cir
cum
vent
A.
Som
e st
uden
ts h
ave
belie
ved
that
the
abri
dgm
ent,
whi
ch is
wel
l don
e,
was
by
the
auth
or,
but P
oe's
failu
re t
o ad
opt t
he v
ersi
on in
I84
5 ar
gues
th
at th
e ch
ange
s w
ere
unau
thor
ized
. (A
sep
arat
e pa
mph
let r
epri
nt o
f the
ab
ridg
ed te
xt w
as is
sued
in L
ondo
n in
an
editi
on o
f 325
cop
ies
in I
93I,
w
ith
an i
ntro
duct
ion
by D
r. Ja
cob
Schw
arz,
who
wis
hed
to r
egar
d th
e Ed
inbu
rgh
vers
ion
as t
he e
arli
est-
and
omitt
ed C
ham
bers
's in
trod
uc-
tion!
Act
ually
, Th
e G
ift w
as p
ublis
hed
in th
e fa
ll of
I84
4-W
iley
and
Pu
tnam
adve
rtise
d it
for s
ale
in th
e Ne
w-Yo
rk D
aily
Trib
une
for S
epte
mbe
r 2
4-a
nd
tw
o or
thr
ee w
eeks
was
am
ple
time
for
copi
es t
o re
ach
Edin
burg
h.)
Poe
knew
of t
he im
med
iate
succ
ess
of h
is s
tory
abr
oad.
In
revi
ewin
g Po
e's T
ales
in h
is A
ristid
ean
for
Oct
ober
I84
5, D
r. En
glis
h, w
ho h
ad
cert
ainl
y di
scus
sed
them
with
the a
utho
r, w
rote
: "Th
ere
is m
uch
mad
e of
no
thin
g in
'The
Pur
loin
ed L
ette
r,' -t
he st
ory
of w
hich
is s
impl
e; b
ut th
e re
ason
ing
is re
mar
kabl
y cl
ear,
and
dire
cted
sole
ly to
the
requ
ired
end
. It
first
app
eare
d in
the
'Gif
t,' a
nd w
as th
ence
cop
ied
into
Cha
mbe
rs' '
Edin
-bu
rgh
Jour
nal,'
as
a m
ost
nota
ble
prod
uctio
n."
An
unsi
gned
tra
nsla
tion,
"U
ne l
ettr
e vo
lee,
" w
as p
ublis
hed
in t
he
Paris
Mag
asin
Pitt
ores
que
of A
ugus
t I 8
4 5, a
nd th
e st
ory
beca
me
popu
lar
in F
ranc
e. (
Late
r on,
a p
lay
foun
ded
on J,
>oe's
sto
ry b
y V
icto
rien
Sar
dou,
Le
s pat
tes de
mou
che [
I86o
}, tr
ansl
ated
as A
Scr
ap o
f Pap
er [I
86I}
, gav
e ris
e
TE
XT
OF
"T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R"
5
to th
e si
nist
er p
hras
e us
ed c
onte
mpt
uous
ly to
des
crib
e th
e tre
aty
brok
en
in I
9I4
by th
e in
vasi
on o
f Bel
gium
that
beg
an th
e Fi
rst W
orld
War
. See
C.
P. C
ambi
aire
, The
lnflu
ence
ofEd
garA
llanP
oein
Fran
ce[I
927,
286
}, fo
r a s
ynop
sis o
f the
lite
ratu
re o
n th
is c
urio
us s
ubje
ct.)
Alth
ough
som
e of
the
idea
s are
from
boo
ks in
whi
ch P
oe w
as in
tere
sted
and
thou
gh so
me
of th
e ch
arac
ters
are
bas
ed o
n re
al p
eopl
e, i
t goe
s w
ithou
t say
ing
that
the
real
qu
een
of F
ranc
e, M
arie
Am
elie
, w
as n
ot p
ortra
yed.
TE
XT
S
(A)
The
Gift
: A
Chris
tmas
, Ne
w Ye
ar,
and
Birth
day
Pres
ent,
I845
(Se
p-te
mbe
r I8
44):
4I-
6I;
(B)
Ta
les (
I845
),
200-
2I8;
(C)
J.
Lorim
er
Gra
ham
cop
y of
Tale
s, w
ith m
anus
crip
t ch
ange
s of
184
9; (
D)
Wor
ks
(185
0),
I:26
2-8o
. Th
e J.
Lorim
er G
raha
m c
opy
of th
e Ta
les (
C)
is fo
llow
ed.
Gris
wol
d's
vers
ion
(D) i
s mer
ely
a rep
rint
of a
n un
revi
sed
copy
of t
he T
ales (
B) a
nd h
as
no i
ndep
ende
nt a
utho
rity
; it
intro
duce
s th
ree
typo
grap
hica
l err
ors.
Repr
ints
Cham
bers'
Edi
nbur
gh J
ourn
al,
Nov
embe
r 30
, 18
44,
abri
dged
fro
m T
he
Gift
. The
abr
idgm
ent w
as c
opie
d by
: Litt
ell's
Liv
ing A
ge(B
osto
n), J
anua
ry
r8,
I84 5
; the
Spiri
t of th
e Ti
mes (
Phila
delp
hia)
, Jan
uary
20
and
22,
184 5
; an
d th
e Ne
w Yo
rk W
eekly
New
s, Ja
nuar
y 25
, 18
45,
labe
led
"Cha
mber
s' jo
urna
l via
Litt
ell's
Liv
ing
Age"
(fo
r th
e la
st,
see
G.
Thom
as T
anse
lle,
Publ
icatio
ns o
f the
Bibl
iogr
aphi
cal S
ociet
y of
Amer
ica, s
econ
d qu
arte
r 19
62).
'r'o-
, ..,
\-0
""
Q
1 .
"e-"
ce<J
I?'
Purlo
med
Lett
er (C
} ·
. .
'-....
-v
t
Nil
sapi
entia
e od
iosius
acu
min
e ni
mio
. ('
X/t
hi
is YY
\oye
Sene
ca
h.Q
..k.-
fvl
TO
N
-t-Y"
\.Or"\
. c.
\<.v-e
..r.-n
$"
At P
aris
, jus
t afte
r dar
k on
e gu
sty
even
ing
in th
e of
r8
-, I
was
en
joyi
ng th
e tw
ofol
d lu
xury
of m
edita
tion
and
a 1
in c
om-
pany
with
my
frie
nd C
. A
ugus
te D
upin
, in
his
litt
le b
ack
libra
ry,
or
book
-clo
set,
au tr
oisie
me,a
No.
33,
Rue
Dun
8t,
Faub
ourg
St.
Ger
mai
n.2
For o
ne h
our a
t lea
st w
e ha
d m
aint
aine
d a p
rofo
und
sile
nce;
whi
le ea
ch, t
o an
y ca
sual
obs
erve
r, m
ight
hav
e se
emed
inte
ntly
and
excl
usiv
ely
occu
pied
w
ith t
he c
urlin
g ed
dies
of s
mok
e th
at o
ppre
ssed
the
atm
osph
ere
of th
e ch
ambe
r. Fo
r m
ysel
f, ho
wev
er,
I was
men
tally
dis
cuss
ing
certa
in to
pics
w
hich
had
form
ed m
atte
r for
con
vers
atio
n be
twee
n us
at a
n ea
rlier
per
iod
of th
e ev
enin
g; I
mea
n th
e af
fair
of th
e R
ue M
orgu
e, a
nd t
he m
yste
ry
atte
ndin
g th
e m
urde
r of
Mar
ie R
oget
.b I
loo
ked
upon
it,
ther
efor
e, a
s so
met
hing
of a
coi
ncid
ence
, whe
n th
e do
or o
f our
apa
rtm
ent w
as t
hrow
n op
en a
nd a
dmitt
ed o
ur o
ld a
cqua
inta
nce,
Mon
sieu
r G--,
the
Pref
ect
of th
e Pa
risia
n po
lice.
3 I'"
•
Tran
slat
ion
from
Mag
asin
Pitt
ores
que,
Auf
usr
1845
, as
"Une
letrr
e vo
!C!e,
" re
prin
ted
in
L'Ech
o de
Ia P
resse,
Aug
ust
25,
1845
. V\
M
otto
om
itted
in A
. •tr
oisi
eme,
(A
, B
, C,
D)
,..
O '
,../)f
?f
, .. ,...
(A
) vt'sr
u· 0
6
TE
XT
OF
"T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R"
7
We g
ave
him
a he
arty
wel
com
e; fo
r the
re w
as n
early
hal
f as m
uch
of th
e en
tert
aini
ng as
of t
he c
onte
mpt
ible
abo
ut th
e m
an, a
nd w
e ha
d no
t see
n hi
m fo
r se
vera
l yea
rs.
We
had
been
sitt
ing
in th
e da
rk,
and
Dup
in n
ow
aros
e fo
r th
e pu
rpos
e of
ligh
ting
a la
mp,
but
sat
dow
n ag
ain,
with
out
doin
g so
, up
on G
.'s s
ayin
g th
at h
e ha
d ca
lled
to c
onsu
lt us
, or
rat
her t
o as
k th
e op
inio
n of
my
frie
nd,
abou
t so
me
offic
ial
busi
ness
whi
ch h
ad
'\ L\ \o
'3 oc
casi
oned
a g
reat
dea
l of t
roub
le.
\ (}
fit i
s any
poi
nt re
quir
ing
refle
ctio
n,"
obse
rved
Dup
in, a
s he
fore
bort
\J)
to
the
wic
k, "
we s
hall
exam
ine
it to
bet
ter p
urpo
se in
the
dark
:J
(!'h
at is
ano
ther
of y
our
odd
notio
ns,"
sai
d th
e Pr
efec
t, w
ho h
ad a
fa
shio
n of
calli
ng e
very
thin
g "o
dd"
that
was
bey
ond
and
thus
live
d am
id a
n ab
solu
te le
gion
of
"Ver
y tr
ue,"
sai
d D
upin
, as
he
supp
lied
his
visi
ter
with
a p
ipe,
and
ro
lled
tow
ards
him
ac
com
forta
ble
chai
r. "A
nd w
hat
is th
e di
ffic
ulty
now
?" I
ask
ed.
"Not
hing
mor
e in
the
as
sass
inat
ion
way
, I
hope
?"
"Oh
no; n
othi
ng o
f tha
t nat
ure.
The
fact
is, t
he b
usin
ess
is ve
ry s
impl
e in
deed
, an
d I
mak
e no
dou
bt t
hat
we
can
man
age
it s
uffic
ient
ly w
ell
ours
elve
s; b
ut th
en I
thou
ght D
upin
wou
ld li
ke to
hea
r the
det
ails
of i
t, be
caus
e it
is so
exc
essiv
ely
odd.
" /"'
:\.
(:si
mpl
e an
d od
d,"
said
"W
hy, y
es; a
nd n
ot e
xact
ly th
at, e
ither
. The
fact
is, w
e ha
ve a
ll be
en a
go
od d
eal
puzz
led
beca
use
the
affa
ir is
so s
impl
e, a
nd y
et b
affie
s us
al
toge
ther
."
"Per
haps
it
:whit
;:l:tpl
.l.t.S.
.y.Q.
Y.l!!
fa.u
lt."
said
my
frie
nd.
"Wha
t non
sens
e yo
u do
talk
!" r
eplie
d th
e Pr
efec
t, la
ughi
ng h
earti
ly.
"Per
haps
the
mys
tery
is
said
Dup
in.
"Oh,
goo
d he
aven
s! w
ho e
ver h
eard
of s
uch
an id
ea?"
"A
litt
le to
o se
lf-ev
iden
t."
•:<o':
•·;--r
·.-··
"Ha!
ha!
ha!
-ha!
ha!
ha!
-ho!
ho!
ho!
" ro
ared
e ou
r vi
site
r, pr
o-fo
undl
y am
used
, "o
h, D
upin
, yo
u w
ill b
e th
e de
ath
of m
e ye
t!"4
"And
wha
t, af
ter
all,
is th
e m
atte
r on
hand
?" I
ask
ed.
"Why
, I w
ill te
ll yo
u,"
repl
ied
the
Pref
ect,
as h
e ga
ve a
long
, ste
ady,
an
d co
ntem
plat
ive
puff
, and
settl
ed h
imse
lf in
his
cha
ir. "
I will
tell
you
in
<eve
ry (A
) dO
mitt
ed (D
) •r
oare
d ou
t (A
)
8 Th
omas
Olli
ve M
abbo
tt
a fe
w w
ords
; but
, bef
ore
I beg
in, l
et m
e ca
utio
n yo
u th
at th
is is
f an
affa
ir de
man
ding
the
grea
test
secr
ecy,
and
that
I sh
ould
mos
t pro
babl
y lo
se th
e po
sitio
n I
now
hol
d, w
ere
it k
now
n th
at I
conf
ided
_\t t
o an
y !''
Proc
eed,
" sa
id I.
\
--(jO
0. n
to-v
I 0.'{
dvrt
I no
t," s
aid
Dup
in._
j -
9 0
oV
'5'1
0()
"Wel
l, th
en;
I ha
ve r
ecei
ved
pers
onal
inf
orm
atio
n, f
rom
a v
ery
high
qu
arte
r, th
at a
cer
tain
doc
umen
t of
the
last
im
port
ance
, ha
s be
enpu
r-lo
ined
fro
m t
he r
oyal
apa
rtm
ents
. Th
e in
divi
dual
who
pur
loin
ed i
t is
know
n; th
is b
eyon
d a d
oubt
; he w
as se
en to
take
it. I
t is k
now
n, a
lso,
that
it
stil
l rem
ains
in h
is p
osse
ssio
n."
"How
is t
his
know
n?"
aske
d D
upin
. "I
t is
clea
rly i
nfer
red,
" re
plie
d th
e Pr
efec
t, "f
rom
the
nat
ure
of th
e do
cum
ent,
and
from
the
non
-app
eara
nce
of ce
rtain
resu
lts w
hich
wou
ld
at o
nce
arise
fro
m i
ts p
assi
ng o
ut o
f the
rob
ber's
pos
sess
ion;
-tha
t is
to
say,
fro
m h
is e
mpl
oyin
g it
as
he m
ust d
esig
n in
the
end
to e
mpl
oy i
t."
"Be
a lit
tle m
ore
expl
icit,
" I
said
. "W
ell,
I may
ven
ture
so fa
r as
to
say
that
the
pape
r giv
es it
s ho
lder
a
cert
ain
pow
er in
a c
erta
in q
uart
er w
here
suc
h po
wer
is i
mm
ense
ly v
alu-
able
." T
he P
refe
ct w
as f
ond
of th
e ca
nt o
f dip
lom
acy.
"S
till I
do
not q
uite
und
erst
and,
" sa
id D
upin
. "N
o? W
ell;
the d
iscl
osur
e of t
he d
ocum
ent t
o a t
hird
per
son,
who
shal
l be
nam
eles
s, w
ould
bri
ng in
que
stio
n th
e ho
nor
of a
pers
onag
e of
mos
t ex
alte
d st
atio
n; a
nd th
is fa
ct g
ives
the
hold
er o
f the
doc
umen
t an
asce
nd-
ancy
ove
r th
e ill
ustr
ious
per
sona
ge w
hose
hon
or a
nd p
eace
are
so
jeop
ardi
zed.
" "B
ut th
is a
scen
danc
y,"
I int
erpo
sed,
"w
ould
dep
end
upon
the
robb
er's
know
ledg
e of
the
lose
r's k
now
ledg
e of
the
robb
er.
Who
wou
ld d
are-
" "T
he th
ief,"
sai
d G
., "i
s th
e M
inis
ter D
--,
who
dar
es a
ll th
ings
, th
ose
unbe
com
ing
as w
ell a
s th
ose
beco
min
g a
man
. T
he m
etho
d of
the
thef
t w
as n
ot le
ss i
ngen
ious
tha
n bo
ld.
The
docu
men
t in
que
stio
n-a
lette
r, to
be
fran
k-ha
d be
en r
ecei
ved
by t
he p
erso
nage
rob
bed
whi
le
alon
e in
the
roy
al b
oudo
ir. D
urin
g its
per
usal
she
was
sud
denl
y in
ter-
rupt
ed b
y th
e en
tranc
e of
the
othe
r ex
alte
d pe
rson
age
from
who
m e
s-pe
cial
ly it
was
her
wis
h to
con
ceal
it. A
fter
alm
rrie
d an
d va
in en
deav
or to
th
rust
it i
n a
draw
er,
she
was
for
ced
to p
lace
it,
open
as
it w
as,
upon
a
tabl
e. T
he a
ddre
ss,
how
ever
, w
as u
pper
mos
t, an
d, t
he c
onte
nts
thus
un
expo
sed,
the
lette
r esc
aped
not
ice.
At t
his
junc
ture
ente
rs th
e M
inis
ter
fOm
irred
(0
)
•·
TE
XT
OF
"T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R"
9
D--
. H
is l
ynx
eye
imm
edia
tely
per
ceiv
es t
he p
aper
, re
cogn
ises
the
ha
ndw
ritin
g of
the
add
ress
, ob
serv
es t
he c
onfu
sion
of
the
pers
onag
e ad
dres
sed,
and
fat
hom
s he
r se
cret
. A
fter
som
e bu
sine
ss t
rans
actio
ns,
· 1 t'Yl-r,
hurr
ied
thro
ugh
in h
is o
rdin
ary
man
ner,
he p
rodu
ces
a le
tter s
omew
hat
-c..-t_
of
sim
ilar
to t
he o
ne i
n qu
estio
n, o
pens
it,
pret
ends
to
read
it,
and
then
0\ reA
cl
ose
juxt
apos
ition
to th
e ot
her.
Aga
in h
e co
nver
ses,
for s
ome
fifte
en m
inut
es,
upon
the
pub
lic a
ffairs
. A
t le
ngth
, in
tak
ing
leav
e, he
ta
kes a
lso fr
om th
e ta
ble
the
lette
r to
whi
ch h
e ha
d no
cla
im. I
ts ri
ghtf
ul
owne
r sa
w,
but,
of c
ours
e, d
ared
not
cal
l at
tent
ion
to t
he a
ct,
in t
he
pres
ence
of t
he t
hird
per
sona
ge w
ho s
tood
at
her
elbo
w.
The
min
iste
r de
cam
ped;
lea
ving
his
ow
n le
tter
-one
of
no i
mpo
rtan
ce-u
pon
the
tabl
e."
"Her
e, t
hen,
" sa
id D
upin
to
me,
"yo
u ha
ve p
reci
sely
wha
t yo
u de
-m
and
to m
ake
the
asce
ndan
cy c
ompl
ete-
the
robb
er's
know
ledg
e of
the
lose
r's k
now
ledg
e of
the
robb
er."
"Y
es,"
repl
ied
the
Pref
ect;
"and
the
pow
er th
us a
ttain
ed h
as, f
or s
ome
mon
ths
past
, be
en w
ield
ed,
for
polit
ical
pur
pose
s, t
o a
very
dan
gero
us
exte
nt. T
he p
erso
nage
robb
ed is
mor
e th
orou
ghly
con
vinc
ed, e
Yery
day
, of
the
nece
ssity
of r
ecla
imin
g he
r le
tter.
But
this
, of
cour
se,
cann
ot b
e do
ne o
penl
y. I
n fin
e, dr
iven
to d
espa
ir, s
he h
as c
omm
itted
the
mat
ter t
o m
e." "T
han
who
m,"
sai
d D
upin
, am
id a
per
fect
whi
rlw
ind
of sm
oke,
"no
So..
.,. c.•"
., -tY
I
mor
e sa
gaci
ous
agen
t co
uld,
I s
uppo
se,
be d
esir
ed,
or e
ven
imag
ined
."
"You
flat
ter m
e,"
repl
ied
the
Pref
ect;
"but
it is
pos
sibl
e th
at so
me
such
op
inio
n m
ay h
ave
been
ent
erta
ined
."
"It i
s cle
ar,"
said
I, "
as y
ou o
bser
ve, t
hat t
he le
tter i
s stil
l in
poss
essi
on
of th
e m
inis
ter;
sinc
e it
is th
is p
osse
ssio
n, a
nd
empl
oym
ent
the
lette
r, w
hich
?es
tow
s th
uow
er.
the
empl
oym
ent
the
"Tru
e,"
said
G.;
"an
d up
on th
is c
onvi
ctio
n I p
roce
eded
. My
first
care
w
as t
o m
ake
thor
ough
sear
ch o
f the
min
iste
r's h
otel
;5 a
nd h
ere
my
chie
f em
barr
assm
ent l
ay i
n th
e ne
cess
ity o
f sea
rchi
ng w
ithou
t his
kno
wle
dge.
B
eyon
d al
l thi
ngs,
I h
ave
been
war
ned
of th
e da
nger
whi
ch w
ould
resu
lt fr
om g
ivin
g hi
m re
ason
to
susp
ect o
ur d
esig
n."
"But
," s
aid
I, "
you
are
quite
au
fait
in t
hese
inv
estig
atio
ns.
The
-Pa
risia
n po
lice
have
don
e th
is t
hing
ofte
n be
fore
."
"0 ye
s; an
d fo
r thi
s rea
son
I did
not
des
pair.
The
hab
its o
f the
min
iste
r ga
ve m
e, t
oo, a
gre
at a
dvan
tage
. H
e is
freq
uent
ly a
bsen
t fro
m h
ome
all
nigh
t. H
is se
rvan
ts a
re b
y no
mea
ns n
umer
ous.
The
y sl
eep
at a
dis
tanc
e
f'c• .-
.J"A
.,-
L. c
•"""
---$
/
\-f"
L!)
W\
\./
w.n
,...,,
,.l·•'
\-
·:;:z
;;;¥\
<!
•"*" 1
111"
v "- oj ':1 v ..Jl + ,_
IO
Thom
as 0
//ive
Mab
bott
from
the
ir m
aste
r's a
part
men
t,g a
nd,
bein
g ch
iefly
Nea
polit
ans,
are
re
adily
mad
e dru
nk. 6
I ha
ve k
eys,
as y
ou k
now
, with
whi
ch I
can
open
any
cham
ber
or c
abin
et i
n Pa
ris.
For
thre
e m
onth
s a
nigh
t ha
s no
t pa
ssed
, du
ring
the
grea
ter p
art o
f whi
ch I
have
not
bee
n en
gage
d, p
erso
nally
, in
rans
acki
ng th
e D
--
Hot
el. M
y ho
nor i
s in
tere
sted
, and
, to
men
tion
a gr
eat
secr
et,
the
rew
ard
is en
orm
ous.
So
I di
d no
t ab
ando
n th
e se
arch
un
til I
had
beco
me
fully
sat
isfie
d th
at th
e th
ief i
s a m
ore
astu
te m
an th
an
mys
elf.
I fa
ncy
that
I h
ave
inve
stig
ated
eve
ry n
ook
and
corn
er o
f th
e pr
emis
es in
whi
ch i
t is
poss
ible
tha
t the
pap
er c
an b
e co
ncea
led.
" "B
ut is
it n
ot p
ossi
ble,
" I s
ugge
sted
, "t
hat a
lthou
gh th
e le
tter m
ay b
e in
pos
sess
ion
of th
e m
inis
ter,
as i
t un
ques
tiona
bly
is, h
e m
ay h
ave
con-
ceal
ed i
t els
ewhe
re t
han
upon
his
ow
n pr
emis
es?"
"T
his i
s bar
ely
poss
ible
," sa
id D
upin
. "T
he p
rese
nt p
ecul
iar c
ondi
tion
" ·.f' '-
) {} \:
of af
fairs
at
cour
t, an
d es
peci
ally
of t
hose
int
rigu
es i
n w
hich
D--
is to
be
invo
lved
, wou
ld re
nder
the
inst
ant a
vaila
bilit
y of
the
docu
-\
men
t-it
s su
scep
tibili
ty o
f be
ing
prod
uced
at
a m
omen
t's n
otic
e-a
poin
t of n
early
equ
al i
mpo
rtan
ce w
ith it
s po
sses
sion
."
"Its
sus
cept
ibili
ty o
f bei
ng p
rodu
ced?
" sa
id I.
"T
hat i
s to
say,
of b
eing
des
troye
d," s
aid
Dup
in.
"Tru
e,"
I obs
erve
d; "
the
pape
r is
clea
rly t
hen
upon
the
prem
ises
. A
s fo
r its
bei
ng u
pon
the p
erso
n of
the
min
iste
r, w
e m
ay c
onsi
der t
hat a
s out
of
the
ques
tion.
" "E
ntire
ly,"
sai
d th
e Pr
efec
t. "H
e ha
s be
en t
wic
e w
ayla
id,
as i
f by
fo
otpa
ds,
and
his
pers
on ri
goro
usly
sear
ched
und
er m
y ow
n in
spec
tion.
" "Y
ou m
ight
hav
e sp
ared
you
rsel
f thi
s tro
uble
," sa
id D
upin
. "D
--,
I pr
esum
e, is
not
alto
geth
er a
fool
, and
, if n
ot, m
ust h
ave a
ntic
ipat
ed th
ese
way
layi
ngs,
as
a m
atte
r of
cour
se."
[_
"Not
alto
geth
er a
fool
," sa
id G
., "b
ut th
en h
e's a
poe
t, w
hich
I ta
ke to
be
onl
y on
e re
mov
e fr
om a
foo
l."7
"Tru
e,"
said
Dup
in, a
fter a
long
and
thou
ghtf
ul w
hiff
from
his
mee
r-sc
haum
, "a
lthou
gh I
have
bee
n gu
ilty
of ce
rtain
dog
gere
1 m
ysel
f."
you
deta
il,"
I sai
d, "
the
parti
cula
rs o
f you
r se
arch
.:3
"Why
the
fact
is, w
e to
ok o
ur ti
me,
and
we
sear
ched
ever
y whe
re. I
hav
e ha
d lo
ng e
xper
ienc
e in
thes
e af
fairs
. I t
ook
the
entir
e bu
ildin
g, r
oom
by
room
; dev
otin
g th
e ni
ghts
of a
who
le w
eek
to e
ach.
We
exam
ined
, firs
t, th
e fu
rnitu
re o
f eac
h ap
artm
ent.
We
open
ed e
very
pos
sibl
e dr
awer
; and
I pr
esum
e yo
u kn
ow th
at,
to a
pro
perly
trai
ned
polic
e ag
ent,
such
a th
ing
SetJ-
Y"vr
eJ o
\(0.
·
.. """
"__,
. .,,u·-
.-, ..
,_..,
_.,.
• T
EX
T O
F "T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R"
II
as a
secr
et dr
awer
is i
mpo
ssib
le. A
ny m
an is
a d
olt w
ho p
erm
its a
'.se
cret
' dr
awer
to es
cape
him
in a
sear
ch o
f thi
s kin
d. T
he th
ing
is so
pla
in. T
here
is
a ce
rtain
am
ount
of b
ulk
-of
spac
e-to
be
acco
unte
d fo
r in
eve
ry
cabi
net.
Then
we
have
acc
urat
e ru
les.
The
fiftie
th p
art o
f a li
ne c
ould
not
A
fter t
he c
abin
ets w
e to
ok th
e ch
airs
. The
cus
hion
s we.
prob
ed
with
the
fine
long
nee
dles
you
hav
e se
en m
e em
ploy
. Fro
m th
e ta
bles
we
rem
oved
the
top
s."
"Why
so?
" "S
omet
imes
the
top
of a
tab
le,
or o
ther
sim
ilarly
arr
ange
d pi
ece
of
furn
iture
, is
rem
oved
by
the
pers
on w
ishi
ng t
o co
ncea
l an
artic
le;
then
th
e le
g is
exca
vate
d, t
he a
rticl
e de
posi
ted
with
in th
e ca
vity
, and
the
top
repl
aced
. Th
e bo
ttom
s an
d to
ps o
f bed
post
s ar
e em
ploy
ed i
n th
e sa
me
way
." "But
cou
ld n
ot t
he c
avity
be
dete
cted
by
soun
ding
?" I
ask
ed.
"By
no m
eans
, if,
whe
n th
e ar
ticle
is d
epos
ited,
a su
ffic
ient
wad
ding
of
cotto
n be
pla
ced
arou
nd i
t. B
esid
es,
in o
ur c
ase,
we
wer
e ob
liged
to
proc
eed
with
out
nois
e."
"But
you
cou
ld n
ot h
ave
rem
oved
-you
coul
d no
t hav
e ta
ken
to p
iece
s al
l arti
cles
of f
urni
ture
in
whi
ch it
wou
ld h
ave
been
pos
sibl
e to
mak
e a
depo
sit
in t
he m
anne
r you
men
tion.
A l
ette
r may
be
com
pres
sed
into
a
thin
spira
l rol
l, no
t diff
erin
g m
uch
in sh
ape o
r bul
k fro
m a
larg
e kn
ittin
g-ne
edle
, and
in th
is fo
rm i
t mig
ht b
e in
serte
d in
to th
e ru
ng o
f a c
hair,
for
ex
ampl
e. Y
ou d
id n
ot ta
ke to
pie
ces
all
the
chai
rs?"
"C
erta
inly
not
; bu
t we
did
bett
er-w
e ex
amin
ed th
e ru
ngs
of ev
ery
chai
r in
the
hot
el,
and,
ind
eed,
the
joi
ntin
gs o
f eve
ry d
escr
iptio
n of
fu
rnitu
re, b
y th
e ai
d of
a m
ost p
ower
ful m
icro
scop
e. H
ad th
ere
been
any
tra
ces o
f rec
ent d
istu
rban
ce w
e sh
ould
not
hav
e fa
iled
to d
etec
t it i
nsta
nt-
ly.h
A s
ingl
e gr
ain
of g
imle
t-du
st,i
for
exam
ple,
wou
ld h
ave
been
as
obvi
ous a
s an
appl
e. A
ny d
isor
der i
n th
e glu
eing
-any
unu
sual
gap
ing
in
the
join
ts-w
ould
hav
e su
ffice
d to
ins
ure
dete
ctio
n."
"I p
resu
mei
you
loo
ked
to t
he m
irror
s, b
etw
een
the
boar
ds a
nd t
he
plat
es,
and
you
prob
ed t
he b
eds
and
the
bed-
clot
hes,
as
wel
l as
the
cu
rtai
ns a
nd c
arpe
ts."
"T
hat o
f cou
rse;
and
whe
n w
e ha
d ab
solu
tely
com
plet
ed ev
ery
parti
cle
of th
e fu
rnitu
re i
n th
is w
ay,
then
we
exam
ined
the
hou
se i
tsel
f. W
e
hins
tant
er.
(A)
'gim
let-
dust
, or
saw
-dus
t, (A
) i"J
pre
sum
e/"
Of c
ours
e (A
)
I2
Thom
as 0
!/iv
e M
abbo
tt
divi
ded
its e
ntir
e su
rfac
e in
to c
ompa
rtm
ents
, w
hich
we
num
bere
d, s
o th
at n
one
mig
ht b
e m
isse
d; t
hen
we
scru
tiniz
ed e
ach
indi
vidu
al s
quar
e in
ch t
hrou
ghou
t th
e pr
emis
es,
incl
udin
g th
e tw
o ho
uses
im
med
iate
ly
adjo
inin
g, w
ith th
e m
icro
scop
e, a
s be
fore
."
"The
two
hous
es a
djoi
ning
!" I
excl
aim
ed;
"you
mus
t hav
e ha
d a g
reat
de
al o
f tro
uble
."
"We
had;
but
the
rew
ard
offe
red
is pr
odig
ious
."
"You
inc
lude
the
grou
nds
abou
t the
hou
ses?
" "A
ll th
e gr
ound
s ar
e pa
ved
with
bric
k. T
hey
gave
us
com
para
tivel
y lit
tle tr
oubl
e. W
e ex
amin
ed t
he m
oss
betw
een
the
bric
ks, a
nd f
ound
it
undi
stur
bed.
"k
"You
look
ed a
mon
g D
--'s
pap
ers,
of c
ours
e, a
nd in
to th
e bo
oks
of
the
libra
ry?"
"C
erta
inly
; we
open
ed e
very
pac
kage
and
par
cel;
we
not o
nly
open
ed
ever
y bo
ok, b
ut w
e tu
rned
ove
r eve
ry le
af in
each
vol
ume,
not
con
tent
ing
ours
elve
s w
ith a
mer
e sh
ake,
acc
ordi
ng t
o th
e fa
shio
n of
som
e of
our
po
lice
offic
ers.
9 W
e al
so m
easu
red
the
thic
knes
s of e
very
boo
k-co
ver,
with
th
e m
ost a
ccur
ate
adm
easu
rem
ent,
and
appl
ied
to e
ach'
the
mos
t jea
lous
sc
rutin
y of
the
mic
rosc
ope.
Had
any
of t
he b
indi
ngs
been
rece
ntly
med
-dl
ed w
ith, i
t wou
ld h
ave
been
utte
rly
impo
ssib
le th
at th
e fa
ct sh
ould
hav
e es
cape
d ob
serv
atio
n. S
ome
five
or si
x vo
lum
es, j
ust f
rom
the
hand
s of t
he
bind
er,
we
care
fully
pro
bed,
lon
gitu
dina
lly,
with
the
nee
dles
."
"You
exp
lore
d th
e flo
ors
bene
ath
the
carp
ets?
" "B
eyon
d do
ubt.
We
rem
oved
eve
ry c
arpe
t, an
d ex
amin
ed th
e bo
ards
w
ith t
he m
icro
scop
e."
"And
the
pap
er o
n th
e w
alls
?"
"Yes
." "Y
ou lo
oked
int
o th
e ce
llars
?"
"We
did.
"rn
"The
n," I
said
, "yo
u ha
ve b
een
mak
ing
a mis
calc
ulat
ion,
and
the l
ette
r is
not u
pon
the
prem
ises
, as
you
supp
ose.
"
kAfte
r th
is a
re tw
o ad
ditio
nal p
arag
raph
s:
"And
the
roo
fs?"
"W
e su
rvey
ed e
very
inc
h of
the
exte
rnal
sur
face
, an
d pr
obed
car
eful
ly b
enea
th e
very
til
e."
(A)
1 them
(A)
m"W
e di
d."/
"We
did;
and
, as
tim
e an
d la
bour
wer
e no
obj
ects
, w
e du
g up
eve
ry o
ne o
f th
em c
o th
e de
pth
of fo
ur f
eet."
(A
)
TE
XT
OF
"T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R
I3
"I fe
ar y
ou a
re r
ight
ther
e,"
said
the
Pref
ect.
"And
now
, Dup
in, w
hat
wou
ld y
ou a
dvis
e m
e to
do?
" P
ro m
ake
a th
orou
gh r
e-se
arch
of t
he p
rem
ises
.:')
""th
at is
abs
olut
ely
need
less
," r
eplie
d G
-. "
I am
not
mor
e su
re
that
I br
eath
e th
an I
am t
hat
the
lette
r is
not a
t th
e H
otel
."
"I h
ave
no b
ette
r ad
vice
to
give
you
," s
aid
Dup
in.
"You
hav
e, o
f co
urse
, an
acc
urat
e de
scri
ptio
n of
the
lette
r?"
"Oh
yes!"
-An
d h
ere
the
Pref
ect,
prod
ucin
g a
mem
oran
dum
-boo
k,
proc
eede
d to
read
alo
ud a
min
ute
acco
unt o
f the
inte
rnal
, and
esp
ecia
lly
of th
e ex
tern
al a
ppea
ranc
e of
the
mis
sing
doc
umen
t. So
on a
fter f
inis
hing
th
e pe
rusa
l of
this
des
crip
tion,
he
took
his
depa
rtur
e, m
ore
entir
ely
depr
esse
d in
spi
rits
tha
n I
had
ever
kno
wn
the
good
gen
tlem
an b
efor
e.
In a
bout
a m
onth
afte
rwar
ds h
e pa
id u
s an
othe
r vi
sit,
and
foun
d us
oc
cupi
ed v
ery
near
ly a
s be
fore
. H
e to
ok a
pip
e an
d a
chai
r and
ent
ered
in
to s
ome
ordi
nary
con
vers
atio
n. A
t le
ngth
I sa
id,-
"Wel
l, bu
t G--,
wha
t of t
he p
urlo
ined
lette
r? I
pres
ume
you
have
at
last
mad
e up
you
r min
d th
at th
ere
is no
such
thin
g as
ove
rrea
chin
g th
e M
inis
ter?
" "C
onfo
und
him
, say
!-y
es;
I mad
e th
e re
-exa
min
atio
n, h
owev
er, a
s D
upin
sug
gest
ed-b
ut i
t w
as a
ll la
bor
lost
, as
I k
new
it
wou
ld b
e."
"How
muc
h w
as t
he r
ewar
d of
fere
d, d
id y
ou s
ay?"
ask
ed D
upin
. "W
hy,
a ve
ry g
reat
dea
l-a
very
lib
eral
rew
ard-
I do
n't
like
to s
ay
how
muc
h, p
reci
sely
; bu
t on
e th
ing
I w
ill s
ay,
that
I w
ould
n't
min
d gi
ving
my
indi
vidu
al ch
eck
for f
ifty
thou
sand
fran
cs to
any
one w
ho co
uld
obta
in m
e th
at l
ette
r. Th
e fa
ct i
s, it
is be
com
ing
of m
ore
and
mor
e im
port
ance
eve
ry d
ay; a
nd th
e re
war
d ha
s be
en la
tely
dou
bled
. If
it w
ere
treb
led,
how
ever
, I
coul
d do
no
mor
e th
an I
have
don
e."
"Why
, yes
," sa
id D
upin
, dra
wlin
gly,
bet
wee
n th
e w
hiffs
n of
his m
eer-
scha
um,
"I r
eall
y-th
ink,
G--,
you
have
not
exe
rted
your
self
-to
the
utm
ost
in t
his
mat
ter.
You
mig
ht-d
o a
little
mor
e, I
thi
nk,
eh?"
"H
ow?-
in w
hat w
ay?"
"W
hy-p
uff,
puf
f-yo
u m
ight
-puf
f, p
uff-
empl
oy c
ouns
el in
the
mat
ter,
eh?-
puff
, pu
ff,
puff.
Do
you
rem
embe
r th
e st
ory
they
tel
l of
A
bern
ethy
?"
"No;
han
g A
bern
ethy
!"
"To
be su
re! h
ang
him
and
wel
com
e. B
ut, o
nce
upon
a tim
e, a
cer
tain
nwhi
ch (
D)
mis
prin
t
14
Thom
as 0
//ive
Mab
bott
rich
mis
er c
once
ived
the
des
ign
of sp
ungi
ng u
pon
this
Abe
rnet
hy fo
r a
med
ical
opi
nion
. 10
Get
ting
up,
for
this
pur
pose
, an
ord
inar
y co
nver
sa-
tion
in a
priv
ate
com
pany
, he
insi
nuat
ed h
is ca
se to
the
phys
icia
n,
of an
im
agin
ary
indi
vidu
al.
"'W
e w
ill s
uppo
se,'
said
the
mis
er,
'that
his
sym
ptom
s ar
e su
ch a
nd
such
; no
w,
doct
or,
wha
t wou
ld y
ou h
ave
dire
cted
him
to ta
ke?'
"'T
ake!
' sai
d A
bern
ethy
, 'w
hy,
take
adv
ice,
to b
e su
re.'"
"B
ut,"
said
the
Pref
ect,
a lit
tle d
isco
mpo
sed,
"I a
m pe
rfectl
y w
illin
g to
ta
ke ad
vice
, and
to p
ay fo
r it.
I wou
ld re
ally
give
fifty
thou
sand
fran
cso
to
any
one
who
wou
ld a
id m
e in
the
mat
ter."
"I
n th
at c
ase,
'' re
plie
d D
upin
, op
enin
g a
draw
er,
and
prod
ucin
g a
chec
k-bo
ok,
"you
may
as
wel
l fil
l m
e up
a c
heck
for
the
amou
nt m
en-
tione
d. W
hen
you
have
sig
ned
it, I
will
han
d yo
u th
e le
tter."
I
was
ast
ound
ed.
The
Pref
ect
appe
ared
abs
olut
ely
thun
ders
tric
ken.
Fo
r so
me
min
utes
he
rem
aine
d sp
eech
less
and
mot
ionl
ess,
loo
king
in-
cred
ulou
sly
at m
y fr
iend
with
ope
n m
outh
, and
eyes
that
seem
ed st
artin
g fr
om th
eir s
ocke
ts; t
hen,
app
aren
t! y
reco
verin
g hi
mse
lf in
som
e m
easu
re,
he se
ized
a p
en, a
nd a
fter s
ever
al p
ause
s and
vac
ant s
tare
s, fi
nally
fille
d up
an
d si
gned
a ch
eck
for f
ifty
thou
sand
fran
cs, a
nd h
ande
d it
acro
ss th
e ta
ble
to D
upin
. The
latte
r exa
min
ed it
care
fully
and
dep
osite
d it
in h
is p
ocke
t-bo
ok; t
hen,
unl
ocki
ng a
n es
crito
ire,
took
then
ce a
lette
r and
gav
e it
to th
e Pr
efec
t. Th
is f
unct
iona
ry g
rasp
ed i
t in
a pe
rfec
t ago
ny o
f joy
, ope
ned
it
with
a t
rem
blin
g ha
nd,
cast
a r
apid
gla
nce
at i
ts c
onte
nts,
and
the
n,
scra
mbl
ing
and
stru
gglin
g to
the
door
, rus
hed
at le
ngth
unc
erem
onio
us-
ly f
rom
the
room
and
from
the
hou
se, w
ithou
t hav
ing
utte
red
aP sy
llabl
e si
nce
Dup
in h
ad r
eque
sted
him
to fi
ll up
the
chec
k.
Whe
n he
had
gon
e, m
y fr
iend
ent
ered
int
o so
me
expl
anat
ions
. "T
he P
aris
ian
polic
e,"
he s
aid,
"ar
e ex
ceed
ingl
y ab
le i
n th
eir
way.
They
are
pers
ever
ing,
ing
enio
us, c
unni
ng, a
nd th
orou
ghly
ver
sed
in th
e kn
owle
dge
whi
ch t
heir
dut
ies
seem
chi
efly
to
dem
and.
Thu
s, w
hen
G-
deta
iled
to u
s hi
s m
ode
of se
arch
ing
the
prem
ises
at
the
Hot
el
0--,
I fel
t ent
ire
conf
iden
ce in
his
hav
ing
mad
e a
satis
fact
ory
inve
sti-
gati
on-s
o fa
r as
his
labo
rs e
xten
ded.
'' "S
o fa
r as
his
labo
rs e
xten
ded?
" sa
id I
. "Y
es,"
said
Dup
in.
"The
mea
sure
s ad
opte
d w
ere
not o
nly
the
best
of
thei
r ki
nd,
but c
arrie
d ou
t to
abs
olut
e pe
rfec
tion.
Had
the
let
ter
been
0fr
ancs
, ev
ery
centi
me o
f it,
(A)
Pa s
olita
ry (
A)
TE
XT
OF
"T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R"
15
depo
site
d w
ithin
the
rang
e of
thei
r sea
rch,
thes
e fe
llow
s w
ould
, bey
ond
a qu
estio
n, h
ave
foun
d it.
'' I
mer
ely
laug
hed-
but
he s
eem
ed q
uite
ser
ious
in
all
that
he
said
. "T
he m
easu
res,
then
," h
e co
ntin
ued,
"w
ere
good
in
thei
r ki
nd,
and
wel
l exe
cute
d; th
eir d
efec
t lay
in th
eir b
eing
inap
plic
able
to th
e ca
se, a
nd
to t
he m
an.
A c
erta
in s
et o
f hig
hly
inge
niou
s re
sour
ces
are,
with
the
-·
--
----
---
--Pr
efec
t, a
sort
of P
rocr
uste
an b
ed, 1
1 to
whi
ch h
e fo
rcib
ly a
dapt
s hi
s B
ut h
e pe
rpet
ually
errs
by
bein
g to
o de
ep o
r too
shal
low
, for
the
mat
ter i
n ha
nd; a
nd m
any
a sch
oolb
oy is
a b
ette
r rea
sone
r tha
n he
. I k
new
on
e ab
out e
ight
yea
rs o
f age
, w
hose
suc
cess
at g
uess
ing
in t
he g
ame
of
'even
and
odd
' attr
acte
d un
iver
sal a
dmir
atio
n. T
his
gam
e is
sim
ple,
and
is
play
ed w
ith m
arbl
es.
One
pla
yer h
olds
in h
is h
and
a nu
mbe
r of t
hese
to
ys, a
nd d
eman
ds o
f ano
ther
whe
ther
that
num
ber i
s eve
n or
odd
. If t
he
gues
s is
righ
t, th
e gu
esse
r win
s on
e; i
f wro
ng,
he lo
ses
one.
The
boy
to
who
m I
allu
de w
on a
ll th
e m
arbl
es o
f the
scho
ol. O
f cou
rse
he h
ad s
ome
prin
cipl
e of
gue
ssin
g; a
nd t
his
lay
in m
ere
obse
rvat
ion
and
adm
easu
re-
men
t of
the
astu
tene
ss o
f his
opp
onen
ts.
For
exam
ple,
an
arra
nt s
im-
plet
on is
his
oppo
nent
, and
, ho
ldin
g up
his
clo
sed
hand
, ask
s, 'ar
e th
ey
even
or
odd?
' O
ur s
choo
lboy
rep
lies,
'odd
,' an
d lo
ses;
but
upon
the
se
cond
tria
l he
win
s, fo
r he
then
says
to h
imse
lf, "
the s
impl
eton
had
them
ev
en u
pon
the
first
tria
l, an
d hi
s am
ount
of c
unni
ng is
jus
t suf
ficie
nt to
m
ake
him
hav
e th
em o
dd u
pon
the
seco
nd; I
will
ther
efor
e gu
ess
od
d;-
he g
uess
es o
dd, a
nd w
ins.
Now
, with
a si
mpl
eton
a de
gree
abov
e th
e fir
st,
he w
ould
hav
e re
ason
ed th
us:
'Thi
s fel
low
find
s th
at in
the
first
inst
ance
I gu
esse
d od
d, a
nd,
in t
he s
econ
d, h
e w
ill p
ropo
se t
o hi
mse
lf, u
pon
the
first
impu
lse,
a s
impl
e va
riatio
n fr
om e
ven
to o
dd,
as d
id t
he f
irst
sim
plet
on; b
ut th
en a
seco
nd th
ough
t will
sug
gest
that
this
is to
o si
mpl
e a
varia
tion,
and
fin
ally
he
will
dec
ide
upon
put
ting
it e
ven
as b
efor
e. I
w
ill th
eref
ore
gues
s ev
en;'-
he g
uess
es e
ven,
and
win
s. N
ow th
is m
ode
of re
ason
ing
in th
e sc
hool
boy,
who
m h
is fe
llow
s te
rmed
'luc
ky,'-
wha
t,
in it
s la
st a
naly
sis,
is it?
" "I
t is
mer
ely,
" I s
aid,
"an
iden
tific
atio
n of
the
reas
oner
's in
telle
ct w
ith
<Ee:
=s
--
that
of h
is
. "I
t is,"
sai
d D
upin
; in
quir
ing
of th
e bo
y by
wha
t mea
ns h
e ef
fect
ed t
he th
orou
gh i
dent
ifica
tion
in w
hich
his
suc
cess
con
sist
ed,
I re
-ce
ived
ans
wer
as
follo
ws:
'Whe
n I
wis
h to
fin
d ou
t ho
w w
ise,
or
how
· st
upid
, or h
ow g
ood,
or h
ow w
icke
d is
any
one,
or w
hat a
re h
is th
ough
ts
at t
he m
omen
t, I
fash
ion
the
expr
essi
on o
f m
y fa
ce,
as a
ccur
atel
y as
po
ssib
le,
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e ex
pres
sion
of h
is,
and
then
wai
t to
see
wha
t tho
ught
s or
sen
timen
ts a
rise
in m
y m
ind
or h
eart
, as
if to
mat
ch o
r
•
r6
Thom
as 0
/liv
e M
abbo
tt
corr
espo
nd w
ith th
e ex
pres
sion
:J2
This
resp
onse
of t
he sc
hool
boy
lies
at
the
botto
m o
f all
the
spur
ious
pro
fund
ity w
hich
has
bee
n at
trib
uted
to
Roc
hefo
ucau
lt,q
to L
a Br
uyer
e,<
to M
achi
avel
li, a
nd t
o C
ampa
nella
."1 3
"And
the
iden
tific
atio
n,"
I sai
d, "
of th
e re
ason
er's
inte
llect
with
that
of
• hi
s op
pone
nt,
depe
nds,
if I
und
erst
and
you
arig
ht,
upon
the
acc
urac
y w
ith w
hich
the
oppo
nent
's in
telle
ct is
adm
easu
red.
" "F
or it
s pra
ctic
al v
alue
it d
epen
ds u
pon
this
," re
plie
d D
upin
; "an
d th
e Pr
efec
t and
his
coh
ort f
ail s
o fr
eque
ntly
, de
faul
t of t
his
iden
tific
a-by
ill-
adm
easu
rem
ent,
;ath
er t
hrou
gh n
on-a
d-m
-;asu
rem
ent,
ofi:
hein
tdle
ct w
ith w
hich
they
are e
ngag
ed. T
hey
cons
id-
e.r o
nly th
eifOw
n id
eas
of i
ngen
uity
; an
d, "
rn-s
earc
hing
for
any
thin
g hi
dden
, ad
vert
only
to
the
mod
es i
n w
hich
they
wou
ld h
ave
hidd
en i
t. Th
ey a
re r
ight
in
this
muc
h-th
at t
heir
ow
n in
genu
ity i
s a
faith
ful
repr
esen
tativ
e of
that
of t
he m
ass;
but w
hen
the
cunn
ing
of th
e in
divi
dual
fe
lon
is di
vers
e in
cha
ract
er f
rom
the
ir o
wn,
the
fel
on f
oils
them
, of
co
urse
. Thi
s alw
ays h
appe
ns w
hen
it is
abo
ve th
eir o
wn,
and
ver
y us
ually
w
hen
it is
bel
ow.
They
hav
e no
var
iatio
n of
prin
cipl
e in
thei
r inv
estig
a-tio
ns;
at b
est,
whe
n -ur
ged
by s
ome
unus
ual
emer
genc
y-by
s-om
e ex
-tra
ordi
nary
-rew
ard-
=-i:h
ey -e
xten
d-or
-exa
ggcr
atet
neir
oid
mod
es o
f pra
c-tic
e, w
itho-
ui:-t
oucf
illl.i
i:fie
ir pr
!nci
pTeS
:Wha
t, for
" exa
mpl
e, in
this
case
of
D--
-, h
as b
een
thep
rinc
iple
of a
ctio
n? W
hat
is al
l th
is
bori
ng,
and
prob
ing,
and
sou
ndin
g, a
nd s
crut
iniz
ing
with
the
mic
ro-
scop
e, a
nd d
ivid
ing
the
surf
ace
of th
e bu
ildin
g in
to r
egis
tere
d sq
uare
in
ches
-wha
t is
it al
l bu
t an
exa
gger
atio
n of
the
appl
icatio
n of
the
one
prin
cipl
e or s
et o
f prin
cipl
es o
f sea
rch,
whi
ch ar
e bas
ed u
pon
the
one s
et o
f no
tions
reg
ardi
ng h
uman
ing
enui
ty,
the
Pref
ect,
in t
he l
ong
rout
ine
of hi
s du
ty, h
as b
een
you
not s
ee h
e ha
s ta
ken
it ,\\1
for
gran
ted
that
all
men
pro
ceed
to
conc
eal
a le
tter
,-no
t ex
actly
in
a gi
mle
t-ho
le b
ored
in
a ch
air-
leg-
but,
at
leas
t, in
some
out
-of-
the-
way
.g.
J ho
le o
r cor
ner s
ugge
sted
by
the
sam
e te
nor o
f tho
ught
whi
ch w
ould
urg
e p S
a
man
to se
cret
e a le
tter i
n a g
imle
t-ho
le b
ored
in a
chai
r-le
Jl A
nd d
o yo
u -\
not s
ee a
lso,
that
suc
h rec
herch
es• n
ooks
for c
once
alm
ent a
re a
dapt
ed o
nly
\ or
or
mar
y oc
casi
ons,
and
wou
ld b
e ad
opte
d on
ly b
y or
dina
ry in
telle
cts;
l
r, in
all
case
s of
con
ceal
men
t, a
disp
osal
of t
he a
rtic
le c
once
aled
-a
\ \.d
is
in t
his
reche
rc.bi.
. man
ner,
-is,
in
the
very
firs
t in
stan
ce,
· 1 c
v h
lc\f
-tn
i v"q
S i 0
X
qJ
n al
l tex
ts p \
a t.f
'IJ
II f;r
{} B,
C,
D) c
orre
cted
edito
rially
fi.
P
. \d
e \S"
\f (A
) V
Tv
hI
C n
-'-'
lj
TE
XT
OF
"T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R"
I7
•pre
sum
able
and
pre
sum
ed;•
and
thu
s its
dis
cove
ry d
epen
ds,
not a
t al
l up
on t
he a
cum
en,
but
alto
geth
er u
pon
the
mer
e ca
re,
patie
nce,
and
de
term
inat
ion
of th
e se
eker
s; a
nd w
here
the
cas
e is
of im
port
ance
-or,
w
hat a
mou
nts
to th
e sa
me
thin
g in
the
polic
ial e
yes,
whe
n th
e re
war
d is
of m
agni
tude
-the
qua
litie
s in
que
stio
n ha
ve n
ever
bee
n kn
own
to fa
il.
You
will
now
und
erst
and
wha
t I
mea
nt i
n su
gges
ting
that
, ha
d th
e pu
rloi
ned
lette
r bee
n hi
dden
any
whe
re w
ithin
the
limits
of t
he P
refe
ct's
exam
inat
ion-
in o
ther
wor
ds, h
ad th
e pr
inci
ple
of it
s con
ceal
men
t bee
n co
mpr
ehen
ded
with
in th
e pr
inci
ples
of t
he P
refe
ct-i
ts d
isco
very
wou
ld
have
bee
n a m
atte
r alto
geth
er b
eyon
d qu
estio
n. T
his f
unct
iona
ry, h
owev
-er
, has
bee
n th
orou
ghly
mys
tifie
d; a
nd th
e re
mot
e so
urce
of h
is d
efea
t lie
s in
the
sup
posi
tion
that
the
Min
iste
r is
a fo
ol,
beca
use
he h
as a
cqui
red
reno
wn
as a
poe
t. A
ll fo
ols
are
poet
s; t
his
the
Pref
ect f
eels;
14 a
nd h
e is
mer
ely
guilt
y of
a no
n di
strib
utio
med
ii15
in th
ence
infe
rrin
g th
at al
l poe
ts
are
fool
s."
"But
is th
is re
ally
the
poet
?" I
aske
d. "
Ther
e are
two
brot
hers
, I k
now
; an
d bo
th h
ave
atta
ined
rep
utat
ion
in le
tters
. Th
e M
inis
ter I
bel
ieve
has
w
ritte
n le
arne
dly
on t
he D
iffer
entia
l Cal
culu
s. H
e is
a m
athe
mat
icia
n,
and
no p
oet."
"Y
ou a
re m
ista
ken;
I kn
ow h
im w
ell;
he is
bot
h. A
s po
et a
nd m
athe
-m
atic
ian,
he
wou
ld r
easo
n w
ell;u
as
mer
e m
athe
mat
icia
n, h
e co
uld
not
have
rea
sone
d at
all,
and
thu
s w
ould
hav
e be
en a
t th
e m
ercy
of
the
Pref
ect."
"Y
ou su
rpris
e m
e,"
I sai
d, "
by th
ese o
pini
ons,
whi
ch h
ave
been
con
tra-
dict
ed b
y th
e vo
ice
of th
e w
orld
. Y
ou d
o no
t mea
n to
set
at n
augh
t th
e w
ell-d
iges
ted
idea
of c
entu
ries.
The
mat
hem
atic
al re
ason
has
long
bee
nv
rega
rded
as
the
reas
on p
ar e
xcell
ence
." "'I
I y a a
parie
r,' "
w re
plie
d D
upin
, quo
ting
from
Cha
mfo
rt, "
'que
toute
ide
e pub
lique
, to
ute
conv
entio
n re
fue, e
st un
e sot
tise,
car e
lle a
con
venu
x au
plus
gr
and
nomb
re. 'y
16 T
he m
athe
mat
icia
ns, I
gra
nt y
ou, h
ave
done
thei
r bes
t to
pro
mul
gate
the
popu
lar e
rror
to w
hich
you
allu
de, a
nd w
hich
is n
one
the l
ess a
n er
ror f
or it
s pro
mul
gatio
n as
trut
h. W
ith
an ar
t wor
thy
a bet
ter
' ..
'pre
sum
ed a
nd p
resu
mab
le; (
A)
uwel
l; as
poe
t, pr
ofou
ndly
; (A
) •l
ong
been
/bee
n lo
ng (
A)
wpar
ier, ·
(A,
B, C
, D) a
ccen
t dele
ted e
dito
rially
•c
onve
ntlt
(A,
B, C
, D
) cor
recte
d ed
itoria
lly
YThi
s se
ntenc
e no
t ita
licize
d (A
)
18
Thom
as 0
/live
Mab
bott
caus
e, fo
r exa
mpl
e, t
hey
have
insi
nuat
ed th
e te
rm 'a
naly
sis'
into
app
lica-
tion
to a
lgeb
ra.
The
Fre
nch
are
the
orig
inat
ors
of th
is p
artic
ular
dec
ep-
tion;
but
if a
term
is o
f any
im
port
ance
-if w
ords
der
ive
any
valu
e fr
om
appl
icab
ilit
y-th
en '
anal
ysis
' co
nvey
s 'a
lgeb
ra'
abou
t as
muc
h as
, in
La
tin 'a
mbi
tus'
impl
ies
'am
bitio
n,' '
relig
io' '
relig
ion,
' or '
hom
ines
hon
esti,
' a
seto
fhon
orab
lem
en."
17
c:e-C
e_rtY
\Cj"'
\q
_m(.t
.-1"'\
, -
fYou
hav
e a
quar
rel
on h
and,
I s
ee,"
said
I,
"with
som
e of
the
\k,tkt·
gebr
aist
s of
Par
is; b
ut p
roce
ed."
18
"I d
ispu
te th
e av
aila
bilit
y, a
nd th
us th
e va
lue,
of t
hat r
easo
n w
hich
is
culti
vate
d in
ot
her
abst
ract
ly lo
gica
l. I
dis-
pure
, In
eaiice
a by
mat
h-em
atic
s ar
e th
e sc
ienc
e of
form
and
qua
ntity
; mat
hem
atic
al re
ason
ing
is m
erel
y lo
gic
appl
ied
to o
bser
vatio
n up
on f
orm
and
qua
ntity
. Th
e gr
eat
erro
r lie
s in
supp
osin
g th
at e
ven
the
trut
hs o
f wha
t is c
alle
d pur
e al
gebr
a,
are
abst
ract
or
gene
ral
this
err
or is
so
egre
giou
s th
at I
am
co
nfou
nded
at t
he u
nive
rsal
ity w
ith w
hich
it h
as b
een
rece
ived
. M
athe
-m
atic
al a
xiom
s are
not
axio
ms o
f gen
eral
trut
h. W
hat i
s tr
ue o
f rel
:iiiO
il-in
reg
ard
to m
orai
s, f
or
exam
ple.
In
this
lat
ter
scie
nce
it is
very
usu
ally
unt
rue
that
ga
ted
part
s ar
e eq
ual t
o th
e w
hole
. In
che
mis
try
also
the
axi
om fa
ils.
In
the c
onsi
dera
tion
of m
otiv
e it
fails
; for
two
mot
ives
, eac
h of
a gi
ven
valu
e,
have
not
, ne
cess
arily
, a
valu
e w
hen
unite
d, e
qual
to
the
sum
of t
heir
va
lues
apa
rt.
Ther
e ar
e nu
mer
ous
othe
r m
athe
mat
ical
tru
ths
whi
ch a
re
only
trut
hs w
ithin
the
limits
of r
elat
ion.
But
the
mat
hem
atic
ian
argu
es,
from
his
fini
te t
ruth
s,
thro
ugh
habi
t, as
if
they
wer
e of
an
abso
lute
ly
gene
ral a
ppli
cabi
lity
-as
the w
orld
inde
ed im
agin
es th
em to
be.
Bry
ant,
in h
is v
ery
lear
ned
'Myt
holo
gy,'
men
tions
an
anal
ogou
s so
urce
of e
rror
, w
hen
he s
ays
that
'al
thou
gh t
he P
agan
fab
les
are
not
belie
ved,
yet
we
forg
et o
urse
lves
con
tinua
lly, a
nd m
ake
infe
renc
es f
rom
the
m a
s ex
istin
g re
aliti
es.'1
9 W
ith
the
alge
brai
sts,
z ho
wev
er, w
ho a
re P
agan
s th
emse
lves
, th
e 'P
agan
fabl
es' a
re b
elie
ved,
and
the
infe
renc
es a
re m
ade,
not
so m
uch
thro
ugh
laps
e of
mem
ory,
as
thro
ugh
an u
nacc
ount
able
add
ling
of th
e br
ains
. In
sho
rt,
I ne
ver
yet e
ncou
nter
ed t
he m
ere
mat
hem
atic
ian
who
co
uld
be tr
uste
d ou
t of e
qual
root
s, o
r one
who
did
not
clan
dest
inel
y ho
ld
it as
a p
oint
of h
is fa
ith th
at x
2 +
px w
as a
bsol
utel
y an
d un
cond
ition
ally
eq
ual t
o q.
Say
to o
ne o
f the
se g
entle
men
, by
way
of e
xper
imen
t, if
you
plea
se,
that
you
bel
ieve
occ
asio
ns m
ay o
ccur
whe
re x
2 +
px is
not
al-
zaJg
ebra
ist,
(A)
TE
XT
O
F "T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R
I9
toge
ther
equ
al t
o q,
and
, ha
ving
mad
e hi
m u
nder
stan
d w
hat y
ou m
ean,
ge
t out
of h
is re
ach
as s
peed
ily as
con
veni
ent,
for,
beyo
nd d
oubt
, he
will
en
deav
or to
kno
ck y
ou d
own.
"I
mea
n to
say,
'' co
ntin
ued
Dup
in,
whi
le I
mer
ely
laug
hed
at h
is la
st
obse
rvat
ions
, "t
hat i
f the
Min
iste
r had
bee
n no
mor
e th
an a
mat
hem
ati-
cian
, th
e Pr
efec
t wou
ld h
ave
been
und
er n
o ne
cess
ity o
f giv
ing
me
this
ch
eck.
aa I
knew
him
, how
ever
, as
both
mat
hem
atic
ian
and
poet
, and
my
mea
sure
s w
ere
adap
ted
to h
is c
apac
ity,
with
ref
eren
ce t
o th
e ci
rcum
-st
ance
s by
whi
ch h
e w
as s
urro
unde
d. I
knew
him
as a
cou
rtier
, too
, and
as
a bo
ld in
trig
uant
. Su
ch a
man
, I c
onsi
dere
d, c
ould
not
fail
to b
e aw
are
of
the
ordi
nary
pol
icia
l mod
es o
f act
ion.
He
coul
d no
t hav
e fa
iled
to a
ntic
i-pa
te-a
nd e
vent
s ha
ve p
rove
d th
at h
e di
d no
t fa
il to
ant
icip
ate-
the
way
layi
ngs
to w
hich
he
was
sub
ject
ed.
He
mus
t ha
ve f
ores
een,
I r
e-fle
cted
, th
e se
cret
inv
estig
atio
ns o
f his
prem
ises
. H
is f
requ
ent
abse
nces
fr
om h
ome
at n
ight
, whi
ch w
ere
haile
d by
the
Pref
ect a
s cer
tain
aids
to h
is su
cces
s, I r
egar
ded
only
as ru
ses,
to af
ford
opp
ortu
nity
for t
horo
ugh
sear
ch
to th
e po
lice,
and
thus
the
soon
er to
impr
ess
them
with
the
conv
ictio
n to
w
hich
G--,
in fa
ct,
did
final
ly a
rriv
e-th
e co
nvic
tion
that
the
lette
r w
as n
ot u
pon
the
prem
ises
. I f
elt,
also
, th
at th
e w
hole
trai
n of
thou
ght,
whi
ch I
was
at s
ome
pain
s in
det
ailin
g to
you
jus
t now
, co
ncer
ning
the
inva
riabl
e pr
inci
ple
of po
licia
l act
ion
in se
arch
es fo
r arti
cles
con
ceal
ed-!
fe
lt th
at th
is w
hole
trai
n of
thou
ght w
ould
nec
essa
rily
pass
thro
ugh
the
min
d of
the
Min
iste
r. It
wou
ld im
pera
tivel
y le
ad h
im to
des
pise
all
the
ordi
nary
nook
s of c
once
alm
ent.
He
coul
d no
t, I r
efle
cted
, be
so w
eak
as n
ot
to se
e th
at th
e m
ost i
ntri
cate
and
rem
ote
rece
ss o
f his
hot
el w
ould
be
as
open
as h
is co
mm
ones
t clo
sets
to th
e ey
es, t
o th
e pr
obes
, to
the
gim
lets
, an
d to
the
mic
rosc
opes
of t
he P
refe
ct.[
'saw
, in
fin
e, th
at h
e w
ould
be
driv
en, a
s a m
atte
r of c
ours
e, to
sim
plic
ity,
if no
t del
iber
atel
y in
duce
d to
it
as a
mat
ter o
f cho
ice.
You
will
rem
embe
r, pe
rhap
s, h
ow d
espe
rate
ly th
e Pr
efec
t lau
ghed
whe
n I
sugg
este
d, u
pon
our f
irst
inte
rvie
w,
that
it w
as
just
pos
sibl
e th
is m
yste
ry tr
oubl
ed h
im so
muc
h on
acc
ount
of i
ts b
eing
so
very
sel
f-ev
iden
t.:J
"Yes
,'' .sa
id I
, "I
rem
embe
r hi
s m
erri
men
t w
ell.
I re
ally
tho
ught
he
wou
ld h
ave
falle
n in
to c
onvu
lsio
ns."
"T
he m
ater
ial
wor
ld,''
con
tinue
d D
upin
, "a
boun
ds w
ith v
ery
stri
ct
anai7
>gies
to th
e Im
mat
eria
l; an
d th
us so
me
colo
r of t
ruth
has
bee
n gi
ven
.. Af
ter t
his
Had
he
been
no
mor
e th
an a
poet
, I th
ink
it p
roba
ble
that
he
wou
ld h
ave
foile
d us
all.
(A
)
20
Th
omas
Olli
ve M
abbo
tt
to t
he r
heto
rical
dog
ma,
tha
t m
etap
hor,
or s
imile
, m
ay b
e m
ade
to
stre
ngth
en a
n ar
gum
ent,
as w
ell
as t
o em
belli
sh a
des
crip
tion.
The
pr
inci
ple
of th
e vis
ine
rtiae
,2o
for
exam
ple,
bb s
eem
s to
be
iden
tical
in
.\
,....,
, r
"-.
/!<
phys
ics
and
met
aphy
sics
. It
is n
ot m
ore
true
in th
e fo
rmer
, th
at a
larg
e bo
dy is
with
mor
e di
ffic
ulty
set i
n m
otio
n th
an a
smal
ler o
ne, a
nd th
at it
s su
bseq
uent
mom
entum
cc is
com
men
sura
te w
ith th
is d
iffic
ulty
, tha
n it
is, i
n th
e la
tter,
that
inte
llect
s of t
he v
aste
r cap
acity
, whi
le m
ore
forc
ible
, mor
e co
nsta
nt,
and
mor
e ev
entfu
l in
the
ir m
ovem
ents
tha
n th
ose
of in
ferio
r gr
ade,
are
yet
the
less
rea
dily
mov
ed, a
nd m
ore
emba
rras
sed
and
full
of
hesi
tatio
n in
the
firs
t fe
w s
teps
of t
heir
pro
gres
s. A
gain
: ha
ve y
ou e
ver
notic
ed w
hich
of
the
stre
et s
igns
, ov
er t
he s
hop-
door
s, a
re t
he m
ost
attr
activ
e of
atte
ntio
n?"
"I h
ave
neve
r gi
ven
the
mat
ter
a th
ough
t," I
sai
d.
"The
re is
a g
ame
of p
uzzl
es,"
he
resu
med
, "w
hich
is p
laye
d up
on a
m
ap. O
ne p
arty
pla
ying
requ
ires a
noth
er to
find
a g
iven
wor
d-th
e na
me
of to
wn,
rive
r, st
ate
or e
mpi
re-a
ny w
ord,
in s
hort
, upo
n th
e m
otle
y an
d pe
rple
xed
surf
ace
of th
e ch
art.
A n
ovic
e in
the
gam
e ge
nera
lly s
eeks
to
emba
rras
s hi
s op
pone
nts
by g
ivin
g th
em t
he m
ost
min
utel
y le
ttere
d na
mes
; bu
t th
e ad
ept s
elec
ts s
uch
wor
ds a
s st
retc
h, i
n la
rge
char
acte
rs,
from
one
end
of
the
char
t to
the
oth
er.
Thes
e, l
ike
the
over
-larg
ely
lette
red
sign
s an
d pl
acar
ds o
f the
str
eet,
esca
pe o
bser
vatio
n by
din
t of
be
ing
exce
ssiv
ely
obvi
ous;
and
her
e th
e ph
ysic
al o
vers
ight
is p
reci
sely
w
ith th
e m
oral
inap
preh
ensi
on b
y w
hich
the
inte
llect
suffe
rs to
pa
ss u
nnot
iced
tho
se c
onsi
dera
tions
whi
ch a
re t
oo o
btru
sive
ly a
nd t
oo
palp
ably
sel
f-ev
iden
t. B
ut th
is is
a p
oint
, it a
ppea
rs, s
omew
hat a
bove
or
bene
ath
the
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
the
Pref
ect.
He
neve
r on
ce t
houg
ht i
t pr
obab
le, o
r pos
sibl
e, th
at th
e M
inis
ter h
ad d
epos
ited
the
lette
r im
med
i-at
ely
bene
ath
the
nose
of t
he w
hole
wor
ld, b
y w
ay o
f bes
t pre
vent
ing
any
port
ion
of th
at w
orld
fro
m p
erce
ivin
g it.
21
"But
the
mor
e I r
efle
cted
upo
n th
e da
ring
, das
hing
, and
dis
crim
inat
-in
g in
genu
ity o
f D--;
upon
the
fact
tha
t th
e do
cum
ent m
ust a
lway
s ha
ve b
een
at ha
nd, i
f he
inte
nded
to u
se it
to g
ood
purp
ose;
and
upo
n th
e de
cisi
ve e
vide
nce,
obt
aine
d by
the
Pref
ect,
that
it w
as n
ot h
idde
n w
ithin
th
e lim
its o
f tha
t di
gnita
ry's
ordi
nary
sea
rch-
the
mor
e sa
tisfie
d I
be-
cam
e th
at, t
o co
ncea
l thi
s let
ter,
the
Min
iste
r had
reso
rted
to th
e co
mpr
e-he
nsiv
e an
d sa
gaci
ous
expe
dien
t of n
ot a
ttem
ptin
g to
con
ceal
it
at a
ll.
bbex
ampl
e, w
ith
the
amou
nt o
f mom
entu
m p
ropo
rtio
nate
with
it a
nd c
onse
quen
t upo
n it,
(A
) cc
;mpe
tuJ
(A)
TE
XT
O
F
"T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R
21
"Ful
l of
thes
e id
eas,
I pr
epar
ed m
ysel
f with
a p
air
of g
reen
spe
cta-
cles
,22
and
calle
d on
e fin
e m
orni
ng, q
uite
by
acci
dent
, at t
he M
inis
teria
l ho
tel.
I fo
und D
--
at h
ome,
yaw
ning
, lo
ungi
ng,
and
daw
dlin
g, a
s us
ual,
and
pret
endi
ng to
be
in th
e la
st e
xtre
mity
of e
nnui
. He
is, p
erha
ps,
the
mos
t rea
lly e
nerg
etic
hum
an b
eing
now
ali
ve-b
ut th
at is
onl
y w
hen
nobo
dy s
ees
him
. "T
o be
eve
n w
ith h
im,
I com
plai
ned
of m
y w
eak
eyes
, and
lam
ente
d th
e ne
cess
ity o
f th
e sp
ecta
cles
, un
der
cove
r of
whi
ch I
cau
tious
ly a
nd
thor
ough
ly su
rvey
ed th
edd
apar
tmen
t, w
hile
seem
ingl
y in
tent
onl
y up
on
the
conv
ersa
tion
of m
y ho
st.
"I p
aid
espe
cial
atte
ntio
n to
a la
rge
wri
ting-
tabl
e ne
ar w
hich
he
sat,
and
upon
whi
ch l
ay c
onfu
sedl
y, s
ome
mis
cella
neou
s le
tters
and
oth
er
pape
rs,
with
one
or
two
mus
ical
ins
trum
ents
and
a f
ew b
ooks
. H
ere,
ho
wev
er, a
fter a
long
and
ver
y de
liber
ate
scru
tiny,
I sa
w n
othi
ng to
exci
te
part
icul
ar s
uspi
cion
. "A
t le
ngth
my
eyes
, in
goi
ng t
he c
ircu
it of
the
room
, fe
ll up
on a
tr
umpe
ry fi
llagr
ee c
ard-
rack
of p
aste
boar
d, th
at h
ung
dang
ling
by a
dir
ty
blue
rib
bone
e fr
om a
litt
le b
rass
kno
b ju
st b
enea
th t
he m
iddl
e of
the
man
tel-p
iece
. In
this
rack
, whi
ch h
ad th
ree
or fo
ur c
ompa
rtm
ents
, wer
e fiv
e or
six
vis
iting
car
ds a
nd a
sol
itary
lette
r. Th
is la
st w
as m
uch
soile
d an
d cr
umpl
ed.
It w
as t
orn
near
ly i
n tw
o, a
cros
s th
e m
iddl
e-as
if
a de
sign
, in
the
first
inst
ance
, to
tear
it e
ntire
ly u
p as
wor
thle
ss, h
ad b
een
alte
red,
or
stay
ed,
in t
he s
econ
d. I
t ha
d a
larg
e bl
ack
seal
, be
arin
g th
e D
--
ciph
er v
ery
cons
picu
ousl
y, a
nd w
as a
ddre
ssed
, in
a d
imin
utiv
e fe
mal
e ha
nd,
to D
--,
the
min
iste
r, hi
mse
lf. I
t was
thr
ust c
arel
essly
, an
d ev
en, a
s it
seem
ed, c
onte
mpt
uous
ly, i
nto
one
of th
e up
perf
f div
isio
ns
of th
e ra
ck.
"No
soon
er h
ad I
glan
ced
at th
is le
tter,
than
I co
nclu
ded
it to
be
that
of
whi
ch I
was
in
sear
ch.
To b
e su
re,
it w
as,
to a
ll ap
pear
ance
rad
ical
ly
diff
eren
t fr
om t
he o
ne o
f w
hich
the
Pre
fect
had
rea
d us
so
min
ute
a de
scrip
tion.
Her
e th
e se
al w
as la
rge
and
blac
k, w
ith th
e D
--
ciph
er;
ther
e it
was
sm
all
and
red,
with
the
duc
al a
rms
of th
e S
---
fam
ily.
Her
e, t
he a
ddre
ss,
to th
e M
inis
ter,
was
dim
inut
ive
and
fem
inin
e; t
here
th
e su
pers
crip
tion,
to
a ce
rtain
roya
l per
sona
ge,
was
mar
kedl
y bo
ld a
nd
deci
ded;
the
size
alon
e fo
rmed
a p
oint
of c
orre
spon
denc
e. B
ut, t
hen,
the
ra
dicaln
ess
of th
ese
diff
eren
ces,
whi
ch w
as e
xces
sive;
the
dir
t; th
e so
iled
ddth
e w
hole
(A,
B,
D)
••ri
band
, (A
) ff
uppe
rmos
t (A
, B
, D
)
22
Th
omas
0/li
ve M
abbo
tt
and
torn
con
ditio
n of
the
pape
r, so
inco
nsis
tent
with
the
true
met
hodi
cal
habi
ts o
f 0--,
and
so s
ugge
stiv
e of
a de
sign
to
delu
de th
e be
hold
er
into
an
idea
of t
he w
orth
less
ness
of t
he d
ocum
ent;
thes
e th
ings
, tog
ethe
r w
ith t
he h
yper
obtru
sive
situ
atio
n of
this
doc
umen
t, fu
ll in
the
view
of
ever
y vi
site
r, an
d th
us e
xact
ly i
n ac
cord
ance
with
the
con
clus
ions
to
whi
ch I
hav
e pr
evio
usly
arr
ived
; th
ese
thin
gs,
I sa
y, w
ere
stro
ngly
cor
-ro
bora
tive
of su
spic
ion,
in
one
who
cam
e w
ith th
e in
tent
ion
to su
spec
t. "I
pro
trac
ted
my
visi
t as
long
as
poss
ible
, an
d, w
hile
I m
aint
aine
d a
mos
t ani
mat
ed d
iscu
ssio
n w
ith th
e M
inis
ter,
ongg
a to
pic
whi
ch I
knew
w
ell h
ad n
ever
faile
d to
inte
rest
and
exci
te h
im, I
kep
t my
atte
ntio
n re
ally
riv
eted
upo
n th
e le
tter.
In th
is e
xam
inat
ion,
I co
mm
itted
to m
emor
y its
ex
tern
al a
ppea
ranc
e an
d ar
rang
emen
t in
the
rack
; and
also
fell,
at l
engt
h,
upon
a d
isco
very
whi
ch s
et a
t re
st w
hate
ver
trivi
al d
oubt
I m
ight
hav
e en
tert
aine
d. I
n sc
rutin
izin
g th
e ed
ges o
f the
pap
er, I
obs
erve
d th
em to
be
mor
e ch
afed
than
seem
ed n
eces
sary
. The
y pr
esen
ted
the
brok
en a
ppea
ranc
e w
hich
is
man
ifest
ed w
hen
a st
iff p
aper
, ha
ving
bee
n on
ce f
olde
d an
d pr
esse
d w
ith a
fol
der,
is re
fold
ed i
n a
reve
rsed
dir
ectio
n, i
n th
e sa
me
crea
ses
or e
dges
whi
ch h
ad fo
rmed
the
orig
inal
fold
. Th
is d
isco
very
was
su
ffic
ient
. It
was
cle
ar to
me
that
the
lette
r had
bee
n tu
rned
, as
a gl
ove,
in
side
out
, re-
dire
cted
, and
re-s
eale
d.23
I ba
de th
e M
inis
ter g
ood
mor
n-in
g, a
nd to
ok m
y de
part
ure
at o
nce,
lea
ving
a g
old
snuf
f-bo
x up
on th
e ta
ble.
"T
he n
ext m
orni
ng I
calle
d fo
r the
snuf
f-bo
x, w
hen
we
resu
med
, qui
te
eage
rly,
the
conv
ersa
tion
of th
e pr
eced
ing
day.
Whi
le t
hus
enga
ged,
ho
wev
er, a
loud
rep
ort,
as i
f of a
pis
tol,
was
hea
rd im
med
iate
ly b
enea
th
the w
indo
ws o
f the
hot
el, a
nd w
as su
ccee
ded
by a
serie
s of f
earfu
l scr
eam
s, an
d th
e sh
outin
gs o
f ahh
mob
. D
--
rush
ed t
o a
case
men
t, th
rew
it
open
, and
look
ed o
ut. I
n th
e m
eant
ime,
I st
eppe
d to
the
card
-rac
k, to
ok
the
lette
r, pu
t it i
n m
y po
cket
, and
rep
lace
d it
by a
fac-
simi/e
ii (so
far
as
rega
rds
exte
rnal
s)ii
whi
ch I
had
car
eful
ly p
repa
red
at m
y lo
dgin
gs;ii
im
itatin
g th
e D
--
ciph
er, v
ery
read
ily,
by m
eans
of a
sea
l for
med
of
brea
d.
"The
dis
turb
ance
in
the
stre
et h
ad b
een
occa
sion
ed b
y th
e fr
antic
be
havi
or o
f a m
an w
ith a
mus
ket.
He
had
fired
it
amon
g a
crow
d of
w
omen
and
chi
ldre
n. I
t pro
ved,
how
ever
, to
have
bee
n w
ithou
t bal
l, an
d th
e fe
llow
was
suf
fere
d to
go
his w
ay as
a lu
natic
or a
dru
nkar
d. W
hen
he
had
gone
, D
--
cam
e fr
om t
he w
indo
w,
whi
ther
I ha
d fo
llow
ed h
im
8Bup
on (
A,
B,
D)
'' .
. .
"Om
itted
(A)
hha
terr
ified
(A
, B,
D)
iilo
dgin
gs;/
lodg
ings
-(A
, B
, D
)
TE
XT
O
F "T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R"
23
imm
edia
tely
upo
n se
curin
g th
e ob
ject
in
view
. So
on a
fterw
ards
I b
ade
him
far
ewel
l. Th
e pr
eten
ded
luna
tic w
as a
man
in
my
own
pay.
" "B
ut w
hat p
urpo
se h
ad y
ou,"
I as
ked,
"in
repl
acin
g th
e le
tter b
y a f
ac-
simile
? W
ould
it n
ot h
ave
been
bet
ter,
at th
e fir
st vi
sit,
to h
ave
seiz
ed i
t op
enly
, and
dep
arte
d?"
"0
--,"
rep
lied
Dup
in,
"is
a de
sper
ate
man
, an
d a
man
of n
erve
. H
is h
otel
, to
o, is
not
with
out a
ttend
ants
dev
oted
to h
is in
tere
sts.
Had
I m
ade
the
wild
att
empt
you
sug
gest
, I m
ight
kk n
ever
hav
e le
ft th
e M
inis
-te
rial p
rese
nce
aliv
e. T
he g
ood
peop
le o
f Par
is m
ight
ll ha
ve h
eard
of m
e no
m
ore.
But
I ha
d an
obj
ect a
part
from
thes
e co
nsid
erat
ions
. You
kno
w m
y po
litic
al p
repo
sses
sion
s. In
thi
s m
atte
r, I
act
as a
par
tisan
of t
he l
ady
conc
erne
d. F
or e
ight
een
mon
ths
the
Min
iste
r ha
s ha
d he
r in
his
pow
er.
She
has
now
him
in h
ers;m
m s
ince
, bei
ng u
naw
are
that
the
lette
r is n
ot in
hi
s pos
sess
ion,
he
will
pro
ceed
with
his
exac
tions
as if
it w
as. T
hus w
ill h
e in
evita
bly
com
mit
him
self,
at
once
, to
his
pol
itica
l de
stru
ctio
n. H
is
dow
nfal
l, to
o, w
ill n
ot b
e m
ore
prec
ipita
te th
an a
wkw
ard.
It
is al
l ver
y w
ell t
o ta
lk a
bout
the f
acili
s de
scens
us A
vern
i;24
but i
n al
l kin
ds o
f clim
b-in
g, a
s C
atal
anin
n sa
id o
f sin
ging
, it
is fa
r m
ore
easy
to
get u
p th
an to
co
me
dow
n. 25
In
the
pres
ent i
nsta
nce
I ha
ve n
o sy
mpa
thy-
at le
ast
no
pity
-for
him
who
des
cend
s. H
e is
that
mon
strum
hor
rend
um,2
6 an
un-
prin
cipl
ed m
an o
f gen
ius.
I c
onfe
ss, h
owev
er, t
hat I
sho
uld
like
very
wel
l to
kno
w th
e pr
ecis
e ch
arac
ter o
f his
thou
ghts
, whe
n, b
eing
def
ied
by h
er
who
m th
e Pr
efec
t ter
ms
'a ce
rtain
per
sona
ge,'
he is
red
uced
to o
peni
ng
the
lette
r whi
ch I
left
for
him
in th
e ca
rd-r
ack.
" "H
ow?
did
you
put a
ny t
hing
par
ticul
ar in
it?
" "W
hy
-it d
id n
ot se
em a
ltoge
ther
righ
t to
leav
e th
e in
teri
or b
lan
k-
that
wou
ld h
ave
been
insu
lting
. D--,0
0at
Vie
nna o
nce,
did
mea
n ev
il tu
rn, w
hich
I to
ld h
im, q
uite
goo
d-hu
mor
edly
, tha
t I s
houl
d re
mem
ber.
So, a
s I k
new
he
wou
ld fe
el so
me
curio
sity
in re
gard
to th
e id
entit
y of
the
pers
on w
ho h
ad o
utw
itted
him
, I th
ough
t it a
pity
not
to g
ive
him
a cl
ue.
He
is w
ell a
cqua
inte
d w
ith m
y M
S., a
nd I
just
cop
ied
into
the
mid
dle
of
the
blan
k sh
eet
the
wo
rds-
--U
nP
P d
esse
in s
i fu
nest
e,
S'il
n'es
t dig
ne
est d
igne
de
Thye
ste.
They
are
to
be f
ound
in
Cre
billo
n's
'Atre
e.' "
27
kksh
ould
(A
) m
mhe
rs;/
hers
-(A
, B,
D)
00To
be
sure
, D
--,
(A)
11w
ould
(A
) nn
Cat
alin
i (A
) m
ispr
int
PP
--U
n/"
'--
--U
n (B
, D
)
24
Thom
as 0
1/iv
e M
abbo
tt
NO
TE
S
Mot
to: T
he L
atin
quo
tatio
n as
crib
ed to
Sen
eca h
as n
ot b
een
loca
ted.
Poe
use
d it
fir
st in
the
I 84
3 ve
rsio
n of
"The
Mur
ders
in th
e R
ue M
orgu
e,"
near
the
end
of th
e ta
le,
but
he o
mitt
ed i
t in
lat
er t
exts
. It
mea
ns "
Not
hing
is
mor
e ha
tefu
l to
w
isdo
m t
han
too
muc
h cu
nnin
g."
Com
pare
Dup
in's
com
men
t: "T
he P
aris
ian
polic
e, s
o m
uch
exto
lled
for a
cume
n, ar
e cu
nnin
g bu
t no
mor
e."
1.
A m
eers
chau
m p
ipe
is al
so m
entio
ned
in "
The
Ligh
t-H
ouse
."
2.
Dup
in li
ved
up th
ree
fligh
ts o
f sta
irs, o
n w
hat w
e ca
ll th
e fo
urth
floo
r. T
he
nam
e of
the
stre
et is
imag
inar
y, a
s are
a n
umbe
r of t
he st
reet
nam
es in
Poe
's ot
her
Dup
in s
torie
s.
3· T
he c
hief
of po
lice
in P
aris
from
I83
I to
I83
6 w
as H
enri
-Jos
eph
Gis
quet
, w
ho d
ied
in F
ebru
ary
I866
. 4·
Com
pare
Pol
itian
2.3
-4,
"I s
hall
die,
Cas
tiglio
ne,
I sh
all
die ..
. of
la
ughi
ng!"
5.
H
otel
mea
ns m
ansi
on o
r to
wn
resi
denc
e; t
he w
ord
is ca
pita
lized
lat
er
whe
n us
ed i
n co
nnec
tion
with
the
ow
ner's
nam
e.
6. C
ompa
re g
etti
ng r
id o
f the
ser
vant
s in
"Th
e C
ask
of A
mon
tilla
do."
7.
See
Mid
sum
mer
Nig
ht's
Dre
am,
5. I.
7-8
, "T
he lu
natic
, th
e lo
ver,
and
the
poet
I A
re o
f im
agin
atio
n al
l com
pact
."
8. T
he m
etho
d of
sear
ch d
escr
ibed
may
com
e fr
om s
ome
acco
unt o
f Nap
o-le
on's
dete
ctiv
e V
idoc
q.
9·
In a
lette
r of A
ugus
t 28,
I84
9, P
oe in
stru
cted
Mrs
. Cle
mm
how
to ex
cuse
th
e lo
ss o
f a d
raw
ing
of E
lmir
a Sh
elto
n: "
Just
cop
y th
e fo
llow
ing
wor
ds in
you
r le
tter:
I ..
. ca
nnot
find
it a
nyw
here
. I to
ok d
own
all t
he b
ooks
and
sho
ok th
em
one
by o
ne."
IO
. Th
e gr
eat B
ritis
h su
rgeo
n Jo
hn A
bern
ethy
(176
4-I8
3 I)
was
ver
y gr
uff,
but
Dup
in's
stor
y is
told
abo
ut a
noth
er s
urge
on,
Sir
Isaa
c Pe
nnin
gton
(I7
45-
I8q
), a
t p.
3 I o
f Nut
s to
Crac
k (P
hila
delp
hia,
I83
5), a
jest
boo
k Po
e re
view
ed in
th
e So
uthe
rn L
itera
ry M
esse
nger
[he
reaf
ter
cite
d as
SLM
}, D
ecem
ber
I835
· I
I.
Proc
rust
ean
bed-
rigo
rous
, ru
thle
ss,
and
arbi
trar
y li
mit
s-de
rive
d fr
om P
rocr
uste
s, a
leg
enda
ry A
ttic
robb
er,
slai
n by
The
seus
, w
ho f
itted
his
vi
ctim
s to
a b
ed b
y st
retc
hing
the
shor
t and
cut
ting
the
feet
off
the
tall.
I
2.
The
sys
tem
of m
ind
read
ing
used
by
the
scho
olbo
y ha
s lo
ng b
een
at-
trib
uted
to
Tom
mas
o C
ampa
nella
. A
n ac
coun
t of
how
he
unco
vere
d hi
s in
-qu
isito
r's th
ough
ts ap
pear
s in
the
Voya
ge to
the M
oon
of C
yran
o de
Ber
gera
c (I6
I9-
55),
a w
ork
refe
rred
to
in P
oe's
"Han
s Ph
aall.
" [S
. L.
Var
nado
, in
Poe
New
slette
r, O
ctob
er I
968,
quo
tes
a des
crip
tion
by E
dmun
d B
urke
of C
ampa
nella
's sy
stem
.}
Hor
ace
Bin
ney
Wal
lace
, in
Sta
nley
(I8
38),
a b
ook
Poe
drew
on
freq
uent
ly,
said
(2
:242
):
It w
as r
emar
ked
by t
he in
geni
ous
Cam
pane
lla th
at w
hen
he w
ishe
d to
dis
cove
r th
e le
adin
g ch
arac
teris
tics o
f any
one
who
m h
e sa
w, h
e arr
ange
d hi
s fea
ture
s in
to a
T E
X T
0 F
.. T
R
L 0
I N
T
E R
" 25
sim
ilitu
de w
ith th
eirs
and
then
obs
erve
d w
hat e
mot
ions
rose
wit
hin
his
hear
t to
play
up,
as i
t wer
e, t
o th
at e
xpre
ssio
n of
coun
tena
nce;
in th
e sa
me
man
ner,
if w
e di
spos
e ou
r in
tere
sts,
and
wis
hes,
whi
ch m
ay b
e ca
lled
the
feat
ures
of f
eelin
g,
into
a c
onfo
rmity
wit
h th
ose
of o
ther
s, w
e sh
all
find
that
the
ir t
houg
hts
and
coun
sels
sta
rt n
atur
ally
up
in o
ur m
ind.
"The
Due
de
L'O
mel
ette
" co
ntai
ns r
efer
ence
s to
irs
hero
's us
e of
phy
siog
nom
y.
I 3.
Poe's
spe
lling
(Roc
hefo
ucau
lt) fo
r Fr
anc;o
is de
Ia R
oche
fouc
auld
(I 6
30-
8o)
is fo
und
in t
he f
irst
editi
on o
f hi
s m
axim
s lis
ted
in t
he B
ritis
h M
useu
m
Cat
alog
ue as
car
ryin
g th
e au
thor
's na
me
on th
e tit
le p
age:
Rejl
exion
es o
u sen
tence
s et
maxim
es m
orale
s de M
onsie
ur d
e Ia
Roch
efouc
ault ..
. (A
mst
erda
m,
I705
); in
Isaa
c D
'Isra
eli's
Cur
iosit
ies o
f Lite
ratu
re, s
o fr
eque
ntly
use
d by
Poe
; and
in T
he D
uke d
e Ia
Roch
efouc
ault's
Max
ims a
nd M
oral
Refl
ectio
ns (N
ew Y
ork:
G. a
nd C
. Car
vill,
I83
5),
whi
ch w
as a
ppar
ently
bas
ed o
n an
"im
prov
ed e
ditio
n" (
with
the
sam
e sp
ellin
g)
issu
ed i
n Ed
inbu
rgh
in I
796.
"L
a B
ougi
ve,"
whi
ch I
hav
e em
ende
d to
La
Bru
yere
, is u
ndou
bted
ly a
prin
ter's
err
or, f
rom
a m
isre
adin
g of
Poe's
man
uscr
ipt.
Poe s
pelle
d th
e na
me
corr
ectly
in c
redi
ting
the
mot
to fo
r "Th
e M
an o
f the
Cro
wd"
an
d in
his
revi
ew o
f Lon
gstre
et's
Geor
gia
Scen
es (S
LM, M
arch
I83
6), w
here
he
also
m
entio
ned
Roc
hefo
ucau
lr. M
achi
avel
li w
as m
entio
ned
in S
atan
ic c
ompa
ny i
n "B
on-B
on,"
alo
ng
with
R
oche
fouc
ault
and
Sene
ca i
n th
e in
trod
uctio
n to
"Pin
akid
ia"
(SLM
, A
ugus
t I8
36,
rew
orke
d in
"M
argi
nalia
," n
o. 4
6, D
emoc
ratic
Re
view,
Dec
embe
r I8
44,
58 I)
; w
ith C
ampa
nella
was
rep
rese
nted
on
the
book
-sh
elve
s of
the
Hou
se o
f Ush
er (B
urto
n's M
agaz
ine,
Sept
embe
r I8
39);
and
with
R
oche
fouc
ault
was
men
tione
d in
a re
view
ofT
he C
anon
s of G
ood B
reed
ing
(Bur
ton's
, N
ovem
ber
I839
). I4
. In
"Li
oniz
ing"
we
read
that
"Si
r Pos
itive
Par
adox
...
obs
erve
d th
at a
ll fo
ols
wer
e ph
iloso
pher
s, a
nd t
hat
all
philo
soph
ers
wer
e fo
ols."
I 5.
Non
dist
ribut
io m
edii
-the
falla
cy o
f the
und
istr
ibut
ed m
iddl
e-is
igno
r-in
g th
e fa
ct t
hat
if al
l A
's ar
e B'
s, al
l B's
may
nor
nec
essa
rily
be A
's.
I6.
Poe
quot
es fr
om th
e Fr
ench
cyn
ic S
ebas
tien-
Roc
h N
icol
as, c
alle
d C
ham
-fo
rt (1
740-
94),
Max
imes
et pe
nsee
s, 2:
{2:
"It i
s saf
e to
wag
er th
at ev
ery
idea
that
is
publ
ic p
rope
rty, e
very
acc
epte
d co
nven
tion,
is a
bit
of s
tupi
dity
, for
it h
as s
uite
d th
e m
ajor
ity."
Poe
had
alre
ady
used
the
Fre
nch
quot
atio
n in
rev
iew
ing]
. P.
R
ober
tson
's So
lomon
See
saw
in B
urto
n's,
Sept
embe
r I8
39,
Writ
ings
of C
harle
s Sp
ragu
e in
Gra
ham
's, M
ay I
84I,
and
Lon
gfel
low
's Ba
llads
and
Oth
er P
oems
in
Gra
ham
's, M
arch
I84
2; h
e us
ed i
t ag
ain
late
r in
"M
argi
nalia
," n
o. 2
50 (S
LM,
June
r 84
9, 3
38).
I 7.
In c
lass
ical
Lat
in am
bitu
s m
eans
seek
ing
offic
e, re
ligio
is s
uper
stiti
on, a
nd
homi
nes
hone
sti is
Cic
ero'
s te
rm fo
r m
en o
f his
par
ty.
Poe
also
ref
erre
d to
relig
io in
th
e fir
st ve
rsio
n of
"M
etze
nger
stei
n" a
nd i
n "M
argi
nalia
," n
o. q
6 (G
raha
m's,
N
ovem
ber
I846
, 24
6).
I8.
]. ].
Coh
ane,
in
his
book
lis
t, A
pril
I859
(ite
m 8
6, c
atal
ogue
30)
, po
inte
d ou
t tha
t Poe
's so
urce
for D
upin
's ar
gum
ent i
n th
e fo
llow
ing
para
grap
h is
Hor
ace
Bin
ney
Wal
lace
's no
vel S
tanl
ey (
cite
d in
no.
I 2
abov
e),
I :20
6-8:
• "!!
26
Thom
as 0
/live
Mab
bott
As
a m
eans
. .
. o
f cul
tivat
ing
the
inte
llect
. .
. I
con
side
r m
athe
mat
ics
as a
st
udy
of li
ttle
valu
e as
com
pare
d w
ith
mor
al lo
gic.
...
The
axi
oms
of m
athe
-m
atic
s are
not
axi
oms o
f gen
eral
trut
h; th
ey ar
e de
rived
from
the
cons
ider
atio
n of
fo
rm a
nd q
uant
ity, a
nd it
doe
s no
r fol
low
that
wha
t is t
rue
offo
rm a
nd q
uant
ity is
tr
ue o
f mor
al p
rinc
iple
s or o
f hum
an m
otiv
es ...
. In
mor
als,
thin
gs ar
e co
nsid
-er
ed a
nd ..:
om pa
red
by th
eir c
ateg
orie
s or q
ualit
ies,
whe
reof
each
thin
g ha
s man
y,
acco
rdin
g to
the
view
and
pur
pose
in re
fere
nce
to w
hich
the
thin
g is
look
ed a
t; w
hat i
s af
firm
ed o
f a t
hing
in c
onte
mpl
atio
n of
one
cate
gory
is n
ot tr
ue o
f it i
n re
spec
t of a
noth
er,
nor t
rue
in re
spec
t of t
hat c
ateg
ory
in re
fere
nce
to a
ll co
nsid
-er
atio
ns ...
. Th
us,
the
posi
tion,
tha
t tw
o th
ings
bei
ng e
qual
to
a th
ird
are
equa
l to
one
anot
her,
may
be
true
uni
vers
ally
if w
e de
fine
"equ
al"
with
abs
olut
e st
rict
ness
, bu
t, in
use
, w
ill c
onst
antly
lea
d to
the
log
ical
fal
lacy
of
an u
n-di
stri
bute
d m
iddl
e te
rm; a
nd i
f you
will
exa
min
e th
e lo
gic
of a
mat
hem
atic
ian
you
will
find
the
erro
r of a
non
-dis
trib
uted
med
ii ve
ry o
ften
com
mitt
ed. A
noth
er
mat
hem
atic
al a
xiom
whi
ch is
not
true
in th
e sc
ope
of ge
nera
l rea
son
is,
that
all
the
part
s tak
en to
geth
er ar
e equ
al to
the
who
le. T
his
is no
t alw
ays t
rue o
f phy
sica
l sc
ienc
e, a
nd is
gen
eral
ly fa
lse i
n m
oral
s. I
t is
not t
rue
in c
hym
ical
com
bina
tion,
an
d th
e in
stin
ct o
f a
chym
ist's
min
d w
ould
be
to d
eny
the
axio
m;
it i
s no
t ne
cess
arily
tru
e th
at if
two
mot
ives
sep
arat
ely
have
giv
en v
alue
s, t
hese
mot
ives
un
ited
will
hav
e a v
alue
equa
l to
thei
r sum
...
. I m
ight
nam
e to
you
man
y ot
her
prin
cipl
es o
f mat
hem
atic
al s
cien
ce w
hich
are
not
true
bey
ond
the
boun
dari
es o
f th
at sc
ienc
e. I
n tr
uth,
mat
hem
atic
s is
a co
mpo
site
scie
nce ..
. an
d no
t a fu
nda-
men
tal e
xhib
ition
of r
easo
n; it
is lo
gic ap
plie
d to t
he sc
ience
s of fo
rm a
nd qu
antit
y ...
. Th
ere
is da
nger
that
the
mat
hem
atic
ian
will
mis
take
the a
xiom
s of h
is sc
ienc
e fo
r th
e pr
inci
ples
of r
easo
n, a
nd w
ill a
pply
uni
vers
ally
wha
t is
true
onl
y of
a pa
rtic
u-la
r sy
stem
.
19.
The
rem
ark
of Ja
cob
Bry
ant
com
es f
rom
A N
ew S
ystem
of A
ncie
nt M
y-tho
logy,
3d e
d. (
1807
), 2:
173.
Poe
ref
erre
d to
it
in "
Pina
kidi
a,"
no.
70 (S
LM,
Aug
ust
1836
, 57
7), a
nd u
sed
it a
gain
in
Eure
ka.
20.
Vis
iner
tiae
is th
e fo
rce
of in
ertia
. 2 I
. C
ompa
re:
"Jus
t as
the
mod
erat
ely-
size
d sh
op-s
igns
are
bet
ter a
dapt
ed to
th
eir o
bjec
t tha
n th
ose
whi
ch ar
e B
robd
igna
gian
, so,
in
at le
ast t
hree
case
s out
of
five,
is a
fact
or
a re
ason
ove
rlook
ed s
olel
y on
acc
ount
of
bein
g ex
cess
ivel
y ob
viou
s. I
t is
alm
ost i
mpo
ssib
le to
see
a th
ing
that
is i
mm
edia
tely
ben
eath
one
's no
se"
("D
oes
the
Dra
ma o
f the
Day
Des
erve
Sup
port
'" in
Eve
ning
Mirr
or, J
anua
ry
9, a
nd W
eekly
Mirr
or, J
anua
ry 1
8, I
845)
. 22
. G
reen
spe
ctac
les
are
men
tione
d al
so i
n "T
he F
olio
Clu
b,"
"Bon
-Bon
,"
and
"The
Mys
tery
of M
arie
Rog
er."
23
. Th
e le
tter w
as o
n an
old
-fas
hion
ed fo
ur-p
age
shee
t, w
ith
text
on
the
first
and
addr
ess
on t
he l
ast p
age,
and
so
coul
d be
tur
ned
insi
de o
ut.
The
min
iste
r er
red
in u
sing
his
ow
n se
al.
24.
Facil
is de
scens
us A
vern
o-"T
he d
esce
nt t
o H
ades
is e
asy"
-co
mes
fro
m
Ver
gil
Aene
id 6
. I 2
6. P
oe u
sed
the
Latin
wor
ds e
arlie
r in
a c
ritic
ism
of
Mis
s Se
dgw
ick'
s Ta
les a
nd Sk
etche
s in
SLM
, Jan
uary
I83
6.
25.
Whe
re th
e re
mar
k of
Ang
elic
a C
atal
ani (
I779
-I84
9), I
talia
n op
era
star
an
d te
ache
r, is
reco
rded
is
not
know
n. P
oe u
sed
her
nam
e pu
nnin
gly
in "
A
Dec
ided
Los
s."
TE
XT
O
F
"T
HE
P
UR
LO
INE
D L
ET
TE
R"
27
26.
"A t
erri
fyin
g m
onst
er"
is fr
om t
he A
enei
d 3.
658
and
is al
so q
uote
d in
"T
he S
yste
m o
f Doc
tor T
arr a
nd P
rofe
ssor
Fec
her."
27
. Th
e qu
otat
ion,
"So
bal
eful
a p
lan,
if u
nwor
thy
of A
treu
s, i
s w
orth
y of
Th
yest
es,"
com
es f
rom
A tre
e et
Thye
ste (
1707
), 5-
4· I
3-15
, by
Pro
sper
-Jol
yot d
e C
rebi
llon
(I67
4-I7
62).
Poe
had
use
d it
prev
ious
ly in
a re
view
of T
hom
as C
amp-
bell'
s Li
fe o
f Petr
arch
in
Gra
ham
's M
agaz
ine,
Sept
embe
r 18
4 r,
and
earli
er h
ad
quot
ed C
rebi
llon'
s Xe
rxes
in
the
mot
to to
"Ep
iman
es"
and
refe
rred
to th
e pl
ay in
"T
he M
urde
rs in
the
Rue
Mor
gue.
" A
bri
ef co
mm
ent o
n C
rebi
llon
is qu
oted
in
"Pin
akid
ia,"
no.
I 2
9 (S
LM,
Aug
ust
!836
, 58
0) a
nd r
epea
ted
in "
Mar
gina
lia,"
no
. 24
(Dem
ocra
tic R
eview
, N
ovem
ber
I844
, 48
8).