Warm up How do you think renewable energy is different than nonrenewable energy?
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Transcript of Warm up How do you think renewable energy is different than nonrenewable energy?
Warm up
How do you think renewable
energy is different than
nonrenewable energy?
Renewable Energy
SEV4 Resource allocation and
use
Renewable Energy
●Sources that are constantly being formedoSolar
oWind
oMoving water
oEarth’s heat
Solar Energy
●Already used oWater cycle
oPhotosynthesis
oWind
oSunshine warming a room
oSolar cells
Passive Solar Heating(no moving parts)
●Use sun to heat something directly
●Northern hemisphere homesoLarge, south facing windows absorb heat in
winter
oOverhangs block sunlight in the summer
oInsulation and air flow are important
Active Solar Heating(moving parts)
●Sun’s energy is gathered to heat a building or
water
oSolar water heaters
Water heated on roof
Hot water used to heat water supply
Solar Panels
●Photovoltaic cells
oNo moving parts, no pollution (PRO)
oNeed many cells to produce decent
yields (CON)
Wind Power
●Air is heated unevenly --> wind
●Wind power --> Electrical energy
●Fast growing resource
●3 months to build a windmill
Wind Farms
●280,000 homes in CA powered by wind
●Take up little spaceoFarmers add windmills to farm
oSell power to cities
Currently Underused
●Windiest areas on earth could generate
10x energy used worldwide.
●Transportation of energy is challenging
●Wind farms may make hydrogen from
water in the future. Hydrogen used as fuel.
Biomass
●Plant material, manure, other organic
matter used as fuel
●ChallengesoTrees – renewable, but must be managed
oBurning wood or manure – air pollution
Methane
●Decomposition --> methane (CH4)
●Can be burned for heat or electricityoChina – 6 million homes use methane for
heating/cooking
oEngland – Methane from cow manure as fuel
for electricity
oUSA – electricity from methane generated by
landfills
Alcohol
●Ethanol – fermenting fruit or agricultural
waste
●Gasoholomix of gasoline and ethanol
oProduces less pollution when burned
●Requires more fossil fuel input than it yields
Hydroelectricity
●Produced from moving water
●20% of world’s electricity
●How it worksoReservoir holds water
oWater turns turbines/generator
oGenerator turns movement into electricity
Benefits of Hydroelectricity
●Expensive to build but cheap to operate
●No air pollution
●Last longer
●Flood control
●Water for drinking, agriculture, industry,
and recreation
Disadvantages of Hydroelectricity
●Disrupts river flowoEcosystems flooded behind dam
oRiver flow diminished below dam
●Displaces people
●Farmland downstream less productive
●Decay in reservoir --> greenhouse gases
Modern Hydroelectricity
●No new dams in the USA
●Brazil, India, and China still building large
dams
●Micro-hydropower
Geothermal Energy
●From the heat in earth’s crust
●Use water or steam to turn turbines
●The Geysers in CA powers 1.7 million
homes
●Philippines, Iceland, New Zealand, Japan,
Mexico, and Italy
●Renewable, but must be managed
Geothermal Heat Pumps
●Heat and cool homes
●Temp underground is constant
●Loop of fluid in a pipe underground and
into house
Warm up
●What is the difference between
renewable energy and
alternative energy?
Alternative energy
●Still in development
●Some renewable energy was once
alternative energy.
●Gov’t investments are vital to
development.
Tidal power
●BenefitsoTides happen 2x a day
oGenerates electricity
like hydroelectric dams
●DrawbacksoExpensive
oFew suitable locations
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
(OTEC)●Benefits
oCold and warm ocean
water are available at
different depths
oCold water boils at low
temp in vacuum
chamber
oSteam can turn a
turbine
●DrawbacksoNot cost effective
oUses 1/3 of the energy
it produces
oEnvironmental effects
unknown
Hydrogen
●BenefitsoAbundant
oNo air pollutants when
burned
o(plants may produce it)
●DrawbacksoGenerating it uses
energy, money, and
makes pollution
oExplosive and
dangerous
Fuel Cells
●Produce electricity chemically
●Combine H2 and O2 and electricity is
produced.
●Water is only byproduct
Energy Efficiency
●What you get out vs. what you put in
●%Energy efficiency =
●Much energy is wasted
Useful energy out
Energy
in
x 100
Efficient Transportation
●Public transportation
●Hybrid carsoEfficient gasoline engine
oElectric engine
oAerodynamic
Cogeneration
●Production of 2 useful forms of energy
from 1 fuel source
●Use waste heat from a furnace to turn a
turbine
Energy Conservation
●Saving energyoUse energy efficient devices
oWasting less energy
Energy Conservation Poster
Create a poster that includes…an energy conservation method around the homea slogan to convey that messagea picture that supports your messagean explanation of why this method saves energy
This will count as a formative grade
Cities and Towns
●Osage, IAo3,600 people saved $1 million/year
Sealed doors and windows
New efficient furnaces
Insulated water heaters
oBusinesses moved to the area
oUnemployment is down
Around the Home
●Spend $1,500/year on energy costs
●Much is wastedoInsulation
oEfficient windows
oWeather stripping
oWash clothes in cold water