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![Page 1: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Warm Up
Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship between the variables.)
![Page 2: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
1. The more control people have over their work environments, the more productive they are.
![Page 3: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2. The less drugs people do, the higher their grade point average.
![Page 4: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
3. The more class days students miss, the lower their grades are likely to be.
![Page 5: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
4. The more expensive a person's car, the fewer successful intimate relationships they have.
![Page 6: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
5. More educated people tend not to buy designer label clothing.
![Page 7: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
6. The more alcohol a person drinks, the lower their scores on performance tests.
![Page 8: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
7. The fewer friends an elderly person has, the more likely they are to have symptoms of depression.
![Page 9: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
8. The more selections from Mozart that a baby listens to, the higher the child’s intelligence scores.
![Page 10: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
9. The more languages you speak, the higher your scores on mathematics.
![Page 11: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
10. Correlation coefficients describe the strength of relationships in terms of numbers. Those numbers can be anywhere between _______ and _______. The closer the number is to ______________, the weaker the relationship.
11. Circle all of the legitimate correlation coefficients:-1.61 +0.54 +1.03 +0.01 -0.17 -0.83 -1.95 0.00
![Page 12: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12. There was a -0.85 relationship between the amount of exercise people do and their weight. Explain what this means.
![Page 13: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13._____ The more rooms a person has in their house, the more pairs of shoes they are likely to own.
![Page 14: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14._____ More educated people tend not to buy designer label clothing.
![Page 15: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15._____ The more cigarettes someone smokes, the more likely they are to interact with strangers.
![Page 16: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16._____ The more friends a student has in one class, the lower they score on tests in that class.
![Page 17: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17._____ The fewer fruits and vegetables a person eats, the more likely they will get cancer.
![Page 18: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18._____ Individuals who speak more languages, travel to more countries.
![Page 19: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19._____ The more Beyonce your teacher listens to before class, the more likely he is to tell jokes.
![Page 20: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20._____ Students levels of test anxiety go down as the time spent studying goes up
![Page 21: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
AP Psychology
Unit 1: Science of Psychology
Essential Task 1-7: Describe experimental research design taking into account operational definitions, independent/dependent variables, confounding variables, control/experimental groups, random assignment of participants, single blind/double blind procedures, demand characteristics and applicable biases.
![Page 22: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The Science of Psychology
Approaches to Psych
Growth of Psych
Research Methods Statistics
Descriptive Correlation Experiment
Case Study
Survey
Naturalistic Observation
Descriptive Inferential
Ethics
Sampling
Central Tendency
Variance
Careers
We are here
![Page 23: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Essential Task 1-7: Experimental Research
• Set up– Independent variable– Dependent variable– Operational definition
• Design– control/experimental groups– random assignment of participants – single blind/double blind procedures
• Possible problems– confounding variables– demand characteristics– Experimenter bias
Outline
![Page 24: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Experimental Research
• Purpose – to establish cause and effect relationships between variables.
• Strength – You find out if one variable (IV) causes a change in another variable (DV)
• Weakness – Confounding variables, experimenter bias, etc.
Outline
![Page 25: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Independent/Dependent Variable
Independent Variable– Cause (what you are studying)– This is the variable that is manipulated by the experimenter– The variable that I change
Dependent Variable – Effect (result of experiment)– This is the variable that is measured by the experimenter– It DEPENDS on the independent variable
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Cause Effect
![Page 26: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
IV and DV in a real study
• "There will be a statistically significant difference in graduation rates of at-risk high-school seniors who participate in an intensive study program as opposed to at-risk high-school seniors who do not participate in the intensive study program." (LaFountain & Bartos, 2002, p. 57)
• IV: Participation in intensive study program. • DV: Graduation rates.
Outline
![Page 27: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Help with IV vs. DV
• A good way to determine the IV from the DV is to word the Hypothesis in the form of an
“If ………….. then ………………” statement.
• What follows the IF is the IV• What follows the THEN is the DV
Outline
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
![Page 28: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Create Operational Definitions
• Exact description of how to derive a value for a variable you are measuring. – a precise definition – How to measure the characteristic.
• Allows for replication.
Outline
![Page 29: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Use control and experimental groups when you are giving treatments
• Examples of treatments:– Drug trial– School programs– Food
• The experimental group will get the treatment and the control group will not.
Outline
![Page 30: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Experimental Group
• In a controlled experiment, the group subjected to a change in the independent variable
Outline
![Page 31: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Placebo Effect• It's what happens when a person takes
a “medication” that he or she thinks will help, and therefore it actually does.– If you gave a 7 year old decaf but told them it
was coffee they might convince themselves it was caffeinated and therefore act hyper.
Outline
![Page 32: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
It could be both . . .
Outline
![Page 33: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Control Group
• In a controlled experiment, this is the group NOT subjected to a change in the independent variable
• The control group is the group that are given a placebo, nothing is changed
Outline
![Page 34: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Random Assignment of Participants • Randomly assign participants to either
your control or experimental groups.– Random Assignment Experiments– Random Selection Surveys
Outline
![Page 35: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Single/Double Blind Procedure
• Single Blind:– During an experiment only the participant is
unaware of the group they are in, either the control or experimental group
• Double Blind:- both the participant and the researcher in the room are unaware of the group they are in.
Outline
![Page 36: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Single Blind
Drug
Placebo
Outline
![Page 37: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Double Blind
Drug
Placebo
Outline
![Page 38: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Confounding Variables
• Variables that a researcher fails to control for or eliminate.
• The only thing that should change is the Independent Variable. – If the IV is the only thing that changes, then it
must be the thing that caused the change.
• If there were confounding variables it might have been them as well.
Outline
![Page 39: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Demand Characteristics
Drug
Placebo
Signals the researcher gives off.“Take this drug. IT
WILL HELP YOU!
Outline
Participants form an interpretation of the experiment's purpose and unconsciously change their behavior to fit that interpretation
![Page 40: Warm Up Get your Correlation Practice sheet from the front. -Pick 3 of the examples and sketch out a scatterplot that depicts the correlation (relationship.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062715/56649db35503460f94aa39e6/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Experimenter Bias
• Errors in a research study due to the predisposed notions or beliefs of the experimenter.
• Or in other words:– the point in every research paper you’ve
ever written when you purposely ignore a source that directly contradicts your thesis.
Outline