Warm UpAug 5, 2010

In your own words describe what you think science is.

If your class did not finish the lab, get the lab write-up out and be ready to start the lab

If your class did finish the lab, get ready to take notes we will be start chapter 1 notes todayImportant Dates:

-8/6 Safety Quiz-8/9 Lab write up is due

Home Work:-Study for the quiz-Finish the lab write up

Scienceis a systematic enterprise of gathering

knowledge about nature and organizing and condensing that knowledge into testable laws and theories

Physical ScienceChemistry: The study of matter and the

changes that it undergoes

Physics: A natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through space-time, as well as all applicable concepts, such as energy and forces.

Inductive vs. DeductiveInductive: Begins with observations and

measurements, it then detects patterns, formulates some form of hypotheses, research, and then ends up with a conclusion.

Deductive: starts with a theory that is then narrowed down into a specific hypotheses, the hypotheses is tested and is there narrowed down in to observations. This leads to being able to confirm the original theory.

ExamplesSarah: I've noticed previously that every time I

kick a ball up, it comes back down, so I guess this next time when I kick it up, it will come back down, too.

Tyler: That's Newton's Law. Everything that goes up must come down. And so, if you kick the ball up, it must come down.

Sarah is using Inductive reasoningTyler is using deductive reasoning

Examples in HistoryThe laws of gravity were discovered using

inductive reasoning. Newton had the apple hit his head and came up with a testable hypothesis

However, this law was then used to explain how the planets move around the sun. This was then deductive reasoning (using a law to come to a conclusion)

Scientific MethodAn organized process used by scientist to do

research and it provides a method for scientist to verify the work of others.

Make an ObservationMake a Testable HypothesisConduct an ExperimentCollect DataAnalyze the DataReport the Results

Make an ObservationThis is gathering information from the world

around you (for example an apple hitting Newton’s head was information). Two types of observations: Qualitative and Quantitative

Qualitative Data: Describes color, odor, shape, or some other physical characteristic (five senses)

Quantitative: How much, how little, how big, how tall, or how fast (quantity)

Make a Testable Hypothesis Tentative explanation of what has been

observed.Its what you believe is happening. Must be

testable and reasonable

Observation: When I wear black clothing, I get hot whereas if I where white clothing, I do not get as hot

Hypothesis: Black clothing absorbs heat

Conduct an Experiment Experiment: Is a set of controlled observations that test the

hypothesis

Independent Variable: this is the variable that you changeDependent Variable: this changes as a result of the change

in the independent variableControl is something that stays constant

Let say we test the theory that black absorbs heat, so our independent variable would be color.

Our independent variable would be the temperature of that color

Our control would be how long the colors are in the sun, or how much sun light each color gets

ConclusionConclusion: A judgment based on the information

obtainedThis only means that the hypothesis might be true,

it does not PROVE the hypothesisIf any new data is found that goes against the

hypothesis, the hypothesis must be discarded or changed

Our experiment has data that shows that the color black gets hotter than any other color while out in the sun. Our conclusion then agrees with our hypothesis.

Theory vs. LawTheory: An explanation of a natural

Phenomenon based on many observations and investigations over time.

A theory is used to make predictionsTheory of relativity

Law: A relationship in nature that is supported by many experiments.

Experiments are conducted to explain why these relationships existLaw of universal gravitation

Class work/HomeworkI want you and a partner to come up with an

experiment using the scientific method.Explain each step and what you would do in

those stepsMake an ObservationMake a Testable HypothesisConduct an ExperimentCollect DataAnalyze the DataReport the Results