Warm Up- 1. How does temperature affect density? 2. What are ocean currents? 3. Are temperature...
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Transcript of Warm Up- 1. How does temperature affect density? 2. What are ocean currents? 3. Are temperature...
Warm Up-
1. How does temperature affect density?
2. What are ocean currents?
3. Are temperature variations greater over land or water?
4. What causes ocean currents to occur?
5. What is the Coriolis Effect?
Warm Up-
1.How does temperature affect density?
Higher temp (warm) = low density
Lower temp (cold) = high density
What is are ocean currents?
An Ocean Current is a directed, continuous movement of ocean water generated by various forces.
Currents are caused by various factors:TemperatureDifferent salinity levelsWinds
Warm Up-
3. Are temperature variations greater over land or water?
WATER – has more variation
It doesn’t take land very long to heat up or get cold
Differentiation heating, this idea is back!
Warm Up-
4. What causes ocean currents to occur?
Differences in heat & salinity- warm follows the cold water from equator to the poles
Great Ocean Conveyer Belt
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3niR_-Kv4SMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SdgUyLTUYkg
Warm Up-
5. What is the Coriolis Effect?
The Coriolis effect (the apparent shift in fluids or objects due to the rotation of the Earth) explains ocean current patterns curving in each hemisphere.
CLIMATE ≠ WEATHERWEATHER = what’s going on outside RIGHT
NOW
CLIMATE = the weather over millions and millions of years.
Factors that affect ClimateLatitude
As latitude increases, the intensity of solar energy decreases
ElevationThe higher the elevation
is, the colder the climate
Factors that affect ClimateTopography
Topographic features such as mountains play an important role in the amount of precipitation that falls over an area.
Water BodiesLarge bodies of water
such as lakes and oceans have an important effect on the temperature because the temperature of the water influences the temperature of the air above it.
Earth’s Major Climate Zone Categories
Climate Classification Usefulness
Examine the expected weather patterns for climate based forecastingWhat’s the upcoming winter going to
be like? Lots of rain or lots of snow?
Long-term shifts in climate boundariesCan we expect the “humid South” to
shift north, changing Indiana’s climate over the next century?
Köppen climate classification system
The Köppen climate classification system uses mean monthly and annual values of temperature and precipitation to classify climates.
Koppen Climate Zones
Koppen Climate Zones GROUP A- Tropical Climates
Tropical climates are without winters. Every month in such a climate has a mean temperature above 18oC. The amount of precipitation can exceed 200 cm per year.
Locations: Tanzania, Indonesia, Brazil
Koppen Climate ZonesGROUP B- Dry
Climates
A dry climate is one in which the yearly precipitation is not as great as the potential loss of water by evaporation.
Locations: Australia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia
Koppen Climate ZonesGROUP C- Mild
Temperate Climates
Temperate climates are those without extremes of temperature and precipitation (rain and snow).
Locations: southeastern US, France, South Africa
Koppen Climate ZonesGROUP D-
Continental/Cold Climates
Winters are severe with snowstorms, strong winds, and bitter cold from Continental Polar or Arctic air masses
Locations: Russia, Alaska, Canada
Koppen Climate ZonesGROUP E- Polar
Climates
Polar climates are those in which the mean temperature of the warmest month is below 10oC.
Locations: Antarctica, Greenland
Today’s AssignmentYou will be creating two (2) Climographs
Climoraphs combine temperature and precipitation data in one place.
Each climate graph is made up of two major parts:a line graph displaying average monthly
temperatures in degrees Celsius a bar graph displaying monthly accumulations of
precipitation in millimeters. The horizontal axis shows the time period in months.
Madras, India
Today’s AssignmentYou will be creating two (2) climographs using
Fahrenheit (°F) for temperature & inches for precipitation: one for Charlotte NC and the second will be a mystery location.
Climograph Independent Lab
Expectations
Working towards completing your own graphs & lab
Talking quietly in your seat
Raise Hand for questions & permission to get up
This is due by end of class for lab grade
Warm Up1.What is the difference between weather
& climate?
2.What type of climate do you live in?
3.Why do we classify places by climate?
4.RELOOP: What are ocean currents & how do they move?