Equality Framework for Lifelong Learning Min Rodriguez Lifelong Learning UK.
Wandsworth Lifelong Learning Understanding and using inclusive teaching and learning approaches in...
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Wandsworth Lifelong Learning
Understanding and using inclusive teaching and learning approaches in
education and training
Wandsworth Lifelong Learning• The purpose of this training is to enable you to
understand teaching and learning strategies and approaches in lifelong learning, and how to use these to meet the needs of learners.
• It includes how to create a learning environment that engages and motivates.
• You will learn how to plan, deliver and evaluate inclusive teaching and learning
CAN WE PUT THIS IN PLAIN CAN WE PUT THIS IN PLAIN ENGLISH PLEASE?!!ENGLISH PLEASE?!!
Objectives for Today
To DESCRIBEDESCRIBE the features of inclusive
teaching and learning
To COMPARE COMPARE strengths and limitations
of teaching and learning approaches used
in your own area of specialism in relation
to meeting individual learner needs
To achieve this we will….
Introduce the concept of Learning Styles – how people learn
Raise awareness of the importance of Active Learning
Link active learning strategies to Domains of Learning
What are the features of inclusive teaching and learning?
Write your own ideas on post it notes
Then gather together as a tableCan you come up with a
description/sentence? Can you list the key features of
inclusive teaching and learning?
Did you include…….Equal Opportunity
ActiveLearning
Varied Teaching Styles
Varied
Learning
Styles
Individual Needs
Learner Centred
Differentiated
Accessibility
Meeting
specific
learning
needs
Aware ofBarriers
and Challenges
Stimulating and Engaging
Motivational
Any others?….
Inclusive Practice is where a teacher uses a range of strategies and
approaches when planning in order to teach everyone regardless of barriers.
(Turner and Whiting, 2014, p49)
In Plain English? Tutors need to be think about…..
Teaching Strategies –
How do teachers teach?
Learning Strategies –
How do learners learn?
AIM: To be able to meet the needs of all the class
Aspects of Inclusive Learning
EFFECTIVE TEACHING occurs when there is:
•Involvement of all learners in the learning process irrespective of individual differences
•Implementation of effective DIFFERENTIATED delivery or teaching styles
DifferentiationDifferentiation Recognising
learner’s individual differences
Inclusion through Differentiation
How do you do it?
Setting different learning outcomes – must, should, could
Varying teaching
methods/learning
activities
Adapting Resources
Providing relevant support
Varying Assessment TypesAdjusting Questions
Peer teaching/learning
A few learner scenarios……
How might you aid these individual’s learning?
1.Mohsin has difficulty concentrating in group
activities
2.Carly struggles with note taking
3.Marco has a visual impairment
4.Everyone calls out answers at the same time
5.Sadia gets bored in lessons but always produces
really good pieces of work
What is Learning?
Can we come up with a definition?What does it involve?
Learning- a simple definition
A range of processes leading to a long-lasting or even permanent change in behaviour
……………..but how does it happen?
Learning
A change must occur – before and after the learning event
Change in behaviourNew Knowledge, Skills, Attitude
‘A relatively permanent change in behaviour as a result of experience,
training or practice.’Reece and Walker (2003) Teaching and Learning: A Practical Guide
How does learning occur?
People learn in different waysThink back to when you received your first
mobile phone, a DVD player, new television or something else
DISCUSS - Did you read the instructions first, did you ask someone to show or tell you how to use it, or did you jump right in and start using it not knowing what you were doing?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fQYW6vYSGXs
V = VisualA = AuditoryR = Read/WriteK = Kinaesthetic
Fleming (2005)
Fleming (2005) VARK
Fleming stated people can be grouped into four styles of learning: visual, aural, read/write and kinaesthetic (VARK)
Visual – seeing and lookingAural – listening and talkingRead/write – reading and writingKinaesthetic – doing
Learning Styles; a health warning!
There are many learning styles tools available – some free and some expensive – which claim to be able to “diagnose” your (or your students’) unique approach to learning.
Learning Styles: a health warning!
The assessment tool may be a ten-minute on-line quiz or a 200 question questionnaire. You may discover that you are:a right-brainer or a left brainera pragmantist, theorist, activist or reflectora visual, kinaesthetic or aural learner …..and so on
Learning Styles: a health warning!
In-depth academic study (2006) Prof Frank Coffield noted:
“ …. serious conceptual confusion…..” “ … a lack of accumulated theoretical knowledge …”“ … deeply confusing even for the psychologists attempting to make sense of it.”
It is thought that everyone uses several different senses to take in new information
Some people have preferences or strengths in one mode
Sometimes we may find it difficult to take in information in one particular mode
It is helpful for us to know so that we can be more aware of a particular way learning preference
ACTIVITY - How could you cover all learning styles when teaching your subject?
Fleming (2005)
How do Tutors teach?
We can know about the learning styles of our
students but what do we need to think about in
terms of facilitating inclusive learning?
How to bake a brownie!
Look at the activity ideasDecide which you think is the best way to
teach a class how to make a brownieRank them from top to bottom
Retention of learning
Studies show that over a period of three days, learners remember:10% of what they read 20% of what they hear 30% of what they see 50% of what they see and hear 70% of what they say 90% of what they say and do Pike (1989)
Learning Preferences
When you hear lots of information you may find it difficult to remember it all
If you can see something taking place that represents what you hear, you will hopefully remember more
However, if you actually carry out the task, you will understand the full process and remember how to do it again
Active Learning
Active learners - recognise that they have to take responsibility for their own learning, to some degree. This leads to DEEP Learning
Passive Learners – rely on the trainer / presenter to “give” them skills/ knowledge / understanding.
Active Learning
“I hear – I forget, I see – I remember, I do – I understand “Chinese proverb
Why should we encourage active learning?
3 Learning Domains
1. Cognitive domain = the head - intellectual capability, i.e., knowledge, or 'think'
2. Affective domain = the heart - feelings, emotions and behaviour, i.e., attitude, or 'feel‘
3. Psychomotor domain = the hands - manual and physical skills, i.e., skills, or 'do'
Bloom (1956)
Learning Domains
New knowledge = Learning in the cognitive domain
New attitude = Learning in the affective domain
New skills = Learning in Psycomotor domain
We need to be sure the teaching strategies and activities we choose fit the domain of learning
What are the domains of learning?
Psychomotor (Skills)
Cognitive (Knowledge)
Affective (Attitude)
higher
lower
Intellectual skills and abilities
Learn byFeelings, values,beliefs
Learn byDoing/Motor Skills
Learning Domains Sid wants his students to learn how to build a
wall…
Lecture alone will not be enough….
Thinking about a course you deliver - consider which learning domain/s are key:
Knowledge which your learners have to acquire
Attitudes which your learners have to acquire
Physical skills which your learners have to acquire
Teaching and Learning Strategies?
All ‘classroom’ activities should consist of:
TEACHING - What the teacher doesLEARNING - What the learners do
A balanced approach should be adopted to meet the different needs of learners, to engage learners in a motivational way and to encourage autonomy
What are teaching and learning strategies?
Activities /methods planned to aid learning, involving a group of learners or individual learners. E.G.
Teacher talk / explanation / lecture…. A homework assignment / project ….
Teacher demonstrates a skill…..
List 5 more….
What are teaching and learning strategies?
You may have mentioned:Online quizzes….
Discussion in small groups ….
Thought-shower ( whole class) ….
Exam / test in timed conditions….
Games ( problem-solving / decision making…)
What are teaching and learning strategies?
orReading…..
Peer teaching / peer checking ….….
Practical work e.g. in a salon…workshop…….
Role play ……….
Tutorials – one to one with teacher …..
Teaching Methods ( strategy)
Teaching Strategy (Method)
Suited to what?Subject, group, style of learner
Strengths Limitations
Think about a course you deliver and identify :
Some aspects of inclusive practice that you need to be aware of in your teaching.
Strategies you can use to ensure that learning is accessible to all learners How you try to ensure that no learner feels excluded.
IdentifyNeeds
Planning Learning
FacilitatingLearning
AssessingLearning
Quality Assurance/Evaluation
Gravells.A (2012,p10)
Reflect on how you are promoting inclusion at every
level
Summary
You should now feel able to …
1.Describe features of inclusive teaching and learning
2.Compare the strengths and limitations of teaching and learning approaches used in own area of specialism in relation to meeting individual learner needs