Walkability & Health in China
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Transcript of Walkability & Health in China
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Mariela Alfonzo, Ph.D.Fulbright Senior Research Scholar, Shanghai, China
Founder, State of Place™Assistant Research Professor, NYU-Poly
www.stateofplace.orgULI Shanghai, China
March 6th, 2014
Walkability & Health in China
#ULIWalkabilityWeek
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0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORMCONNECTIVIT
YPROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIESPEDESTRIAN
AMENITIESTRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
URBAN FABRIC
DESTINATIONS
HUMAN NEEDS & COMFORT
LIVELINESS & UPKEEP
State of Place™ Profile
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0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORMCONNECTIVIT
YPROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIESPEDESTRIAN
AMENITIESTRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
URBAN
FABRICDESTINATIONS
HUMAN NEEDS & COMFORT
LIVELINESS & UPKEEP
State of Place™ Profile
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DensityBuilding concentrations & height
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FormStreetscape continuity
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ConnectivityAccess, barriers, scale
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0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORMCONNECTIVIT
YPROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIESPEDESTRIAN
AMENITIESTRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
URBAN FABRIC
DESTINATIONS
HUMAN NEEDS & COMFORT
LIVELINESS & UPKEEP
State of Place™ Profile
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ProximityMix of land uses
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Parks & Public SpaceParks, playgrounds, plazas
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Recreational FacilitiesGyms, fitness centers, outdoor recreation
Photo Credit Bill Cotter
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0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORMCONNECTIVIT
YPROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIESPEDESTRIAN
AMENITIESTRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
URBAN FABRIC
DESTINATIONS
HUMAN NEEDS & COMFORTLIVELINESS &
UPKEEP
State of Place™ Profile
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Pedestrian Infrastructure & AmenitiesCurbcuts, sidewalk buffers, benches
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Bicycle Infrastructure & AmenitiesBicycle lanes, buffers, bike racks
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Traffic SafetyTraffic signals, speed limit, traffic calming
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20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORMCONNECTIVIT
YPROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIESPEDESTRIAN
AMENITIESTRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
URBAN FABRIC
DESTINATIONS
HUMAN NEEDS & COMFORT
LIVELINESS &
UPKEEP
State of Place™ Profile
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AestheticsPleasurability, maintenance
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Personal SafetyGraffiti, litter, windows with bars
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Walkability
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Walkability
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63%
1986 2009
SH
AR
E O
F TR
IPS
BY B
IKE
18%
housing construction
18B SQ M 2000 –
= 5M
2014
1982 = 3,428
1990 – 2004
BUILT OUT AREA
DENSITY
Communities
162% 67%
80%
2007
GATED
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12%
DIABETES IN CHINA
2013
1%
1980
50%2013
PRE-DIABETES
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63%
2004 2010
EM
ISS
ION
S per capitaCHINA’SEMISSION RATE
1/3TOPof emitters
AIR POLLUTION
IN 2010 RESPONSIBLE FOR
1.2 Million DEATHS 8YOUNGEST
LUNG CANCER
PATIENT ON RECORD
YRS OLD
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$18.3B
INCOME LOSSof
HEART DISEASE, STROKE & DIABETES
IN CHINAdue to
IN 2005 ALONE
RESIDENTS2.5B
500M
YRS LIFE EXPECTANCY
IN 2009
9%
GROSS
NATIONAL
INCOME
DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL
DEGRADATION
LOSS OF
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State of Place Index: 90, Very High Walkability
State of Place Index: 5, Very Low Walkability
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+ $36 sq ft Office Rents+ $28 sq ft Retail Rents+80% Retail Revenues
+ $1200/Unit Residential Rent+$324 sq ft For-sale Residential Value
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Healthy Places
Walkability
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0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORM
CONNECTIVITY
PROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIES
PEDESTRIAN AMENITIES
TRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
State of Place™ ProfileR
OI
Hig
hLow
Med
ium
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The Bygone Pedestrian
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Low Connectivity:Physical Barriers
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Low Connectivity:Scale & Psychological Barriers
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Traffic Safety?Cars Gone Wild
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Lack of Pedestrian Amenities:A Planning Afterthought
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Bad Form
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But there IS Life between Buildings:
The Pedestrian Persists…
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Ped & Bike Amenities
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Parks & Public Spaces
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Spectacle - PleasurabilityPeople watching
you watching people
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Dancing - PleasurabilityCoordinated walkability
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PleasurabilityFood is the Life of the Party!
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PleasurabilityAnimated Streets
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New Forms
Solutions?
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Land Lease as significant source of city revenues
City Center
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The “Peking”
Order
e
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Sun Worshiping
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Fenced In
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By the BOOK
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Theory
Practice
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Too Many Cooks
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Accountability?
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Fixing what “ain’t” broke!
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All that Glitters is Gold
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Lack of Awareness
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U.S.
In last decade
CHINAhas added
2/3 of
population
will have
Chinese cities221
over1 million ppl
By 2025 CHINA NEEDS
170 new mass-transit
5B new sq.m. of roads
40B new sq.m. of floor space
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Reject “Mei Ban Fa”
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Everyone is a Pedestrian…
Shanghai Walk & Talks: www.meetup.com/shanghai-walk-talks
www.stateofplace.org
#ULIWalkabilityWeek