W25_-_BIM_Implementation_Strategies.pdf

BIM Implementation Strategies

Howard Ashcraft Senior PartnerHanson Bridgett

Dennis R. Shelden, Ph.D.Chief Technology OfficerGehry Technologies

Who we are

Dennis R. Shelden, Ph.D., Chief Technology OfficerGehry Technologies

BIM ProceduresBIM Technologies

Howard Ashcraft Senior PartnerHanson Bridgett

Contractual implicationsIntegrated Project Delivery

Who are you?

Target audiencesFirms just starting outFirms getting their feet wetFirms who want to compare their view with othersPeople interested in contractual and legal issues

What will be coveredTechnical issues

What software is used? Who uses what?What are the technical and infrastructural requirements for using BIM softwareHow do you start? How do you manage it?

Procedural“Who owns the model”How does each parties’ BIM play togetherWhat are the hand-offs

ContractualWhat are the responsibilities of each party? How do they co-exist?What is the “risk vs. reward” equationHow are the agreements structured?

Architect

Scope of consideration: Within the office

Owner

Architect

Engineers(A+E)

Specialist Consultants

Scope of consideration: Within the team

Owner

Architect Contractor

Sub-contractors

Engineers(A+E)

Design ReviewAgencies

Q.C, Testing& Inspection

Specialist Consultants

Engineers(Contractor)

Sub-subs Labor(Unions)InstallersMaterial

SuppliersProduct

Suppliers

Scope of consideration: Across the project

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What is BIM?

It’s “just a tool”?It’s a methodology – a way of workingIt’s both…

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Technologies and processes

integrating building information

through attributed 3D geometry

Building Information Modeling

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Data

Technologies

Work methods

Scope

Deliverables

Contractual procedures

…

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Design

Engineering

Owner & planning

Cost

Construction

Logistics

Fabrication & submittals

Facilities management

…


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Solids

Wireframe & surface

2D Drawings

Specifications

RFIs

Site scanned data

…


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Some of this happens “automatically”

Some through the diligence of intelligent professionals


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Some of this happens “automatically”

Some through the diligence of intelligent professionals

There’s no agreed on standard process yet

There’s a lot of different flavors

Firms and projects can define their own versions


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CAD and BIM

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CAD and BIMCAD is “BIM 1.0”There are “intelligent objects” (blocks)• We can track some information in these objects and• There is the ability to repurpose information in different

contexts• (Backgrounds)• There is an ability to integrate information in shared

repositories• There is 3D (but used mostly for client presentations and

visualization)

• There were percieved risks of liability leak• There were questions of ownership and copyright• There were data translation, storage and corruption issues

• There are identifiable objects that persist in different contextsThe 3D object is the central representation

• 3D allows extraction of useful information(schedules, quantities, drawings, etc.)

• Alternative representations are linked.(drawings, schedules,budgets)

• Information aggregates –Integration of ALL spatial informationIntegration of geometry with reports

2D and Schedules

• Information is repurposeable and inter-relatedData is used for constructionData can be used for owner asset tracking and managment

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How is BIM different? Technical:

• We work in 3D

• 2D and other documents are reports from the 3D model

• We spend less time “red lining”

• We spend more time “getting the model right”

• More localized implications are resolved, less is left to “intent”

• There is a change in where we put our hours• Less is spent in “production”• More is spent in “design”

How is BIM different? Procedural:

• BIM data is operative beyond the context in which it was created

• BIM supports – perhaps requires – a more collaborative way of working

• …. (from your paper?)

How is BIM different? Contractual:

Risk AssessmentMetrics & Impact SchedulingConflict Identification / Problem IdentificationResource AssessmentVisualizationScenario Analysis

Feasability & ROI

Integrated Project DeliveryDecision / Knowledge / Data aggregationAccelerated decision makingImpact exposureAccountability & auditability

Capital Allocation PlanningCalibrating funding with execution

Project AssuranceQuality ControlPredictabilityDelivery OptimizationVisibilityCost & Risk avoidanceInformation control

Project, Contract & Financial Controls

Claims analysis

Some applicationsDesign and Engineering

Project DefinitionDesign (Conceptual, Architectural, Engineering)Document productionDocument Quality Control

Project Management Construction Planning4D Modeling (Scheduling)Value engineering

CollaborationInformation integrationInformation distributionDocument management

Bidding & Construction ManagementQuantity surveyingScope definition

Construction PlanningShop drawing and FabricationSurveying / Scanning Field positioningRFI Management

A Note on TechnologiesThere are many BIM applications…

Design / EngineeringBentley TriformaGraphisoft ArchiCADAutoDesk RevitAutoDesk Architectural DesktopDigital ProjectNemetchek All PlanRhinocerous

EngineeringTekla EngineerFEA (SAP, Staad, …)

Integration NavisworksInnovayaDigital ProjectRhinocerous

4D Modeling / Construction ManagementVicon ConstructorNavisworks

Facilities ManagementOnuma Systems

Shop DrawingTekla StructuresSDS-2

Many will co-exist on a given project, even within one office!

BarriersLegal

Fluid Collaboration v. Precisely Defined responsibilitiesDistinction between Professional and IT Risks

TechnicalInteroperabilityStandards

CommercialInertiaInvestmentAssymetric Risks & RewardsNo Standard Business ModelsNo Standard Contract Models

BIM Implementation1. Within an office

2. Across the design team

3. Across the project delivery team

1. BIM Implementation – Within an Office

1. Selecting software

2. Addressing IT issues

3. Training up & rolling out

Selecting Software

Standard BIM packagesBentley TriformaGraphisoft ArchiCADAutoDesk RevitAutoDesk Architectural DesktopNemetchek All Plan

Specialized BIM packagesDigital ProjectRhinocerousSketchup

All are conceptually similar• 3D modeling environment• “Domain” toolkits• Cutting drawings• Import and export

There are some differences• Some are easier to use• Some are more geared toward

“traditional practice in 3D”• Some handle more complex geometries• Some handle larger scale

How do you decide?

Call the vendors

Talk to a consultantAEC InfosystemsGehry TechnologiesJordani ConsultingChristine Fallon Associates…

Try a coupleIt is likely you will wind up using a couple before your office standardizes

Your firm may standardize on 1, but have others in mix

Engineering firms often follow architects

Hardware - Client

Most current workstations and high end laptops will run BIM softwareGet some extra RAM (2 Gig suggested)Get a better graphics card50+ Gig hard driveMultiple cores will have limited impact, but it’s good to have a dual coreCost: about $3-4K buys you a great system

Vista issues64 Bit OS issues

Workstation power will impact size of model that can be runYou may want 1 supped up station in the officePresentations, heavy duty operations

8-32 gig ramquad coreBest available graphics card

Cost: about $10K

Hardware - Network

BIM Files are Large!100 mByte or larger per versionMay need ½ + terrabyte server!Backup can be an issue.

TapeMirror off site

Fast networkLicense server

Shared access can be an issueVPN issuesFTP sitesExternal hosting servicesProject web sitesMore to come on this…

Control Group in New York

Getting started

Just start!

Limited deploymentStart in SDUse for drawing generation

Critical: Project Leadership must get in the model!

2. BIM Implementation – Across the design team

1. Selecting software

2. Addressing IT issues

3. Legal and contractual

Selecting Software1. Using a common platform

Many BIM tools support most AE DisciplinesDifferent parties may have investments in particular toolsSometimes Engineers will “go with the Architect”

Bentley TriformaGraphisoft ArchiCADAutoDesk RevitAutoDesk Architectural DesktopDigital ProjectNemetchek All Plan

1. Using preferred toolsEach party uses their preferred toolsTranslation standards are adopted for the teamA common integration environment is selected

NavisworksInnovayaDigital Project

Wide Area Network issues

Where are the models stored?Good ol’ FTP : who will host what pieces?

Architect?Owner?

Project web sites

Mirrored drives

Shared network with VPN

Implementation Questions

ScopeOwnershipStatusSpecificationImplementation

Scope

Design OnlyCoordinationEstimatingSchedulingSubmittal ReviewShop Drawings/FabricationAgency ReviewFacility Management

Who owns the model??Who authors the model(s)?

Who uses the model(s)?

Who is responsible for the information in the model(s)?

Who stores the model(s)?

Who has copyright on the model(s)?

Who owns the model??Simple answer:

• “The model” is actually a collection of sub-models

• Each party owns, maintains, and is responsible for their part of the

model

• Models are read-write by the authoring party

• Models are read only by receiving parties

• Models are shared more or less along standard contractual bounds

• Models may be distributed as part of conventional document

packages

More interesting answers are possible…

Who owns the model??Federated

Model

Architect

Structural

CM

MEP

Linked Database Model

Architect

Structural

CM

MEP

Object Database Model

Doesn’t exist yet

Structural

Architect

MEPCM

Owner

Owner

Some shared Viewing environmentNative or 3rd party

OwnershipOwner

Embedded CopyrightsProtection of Confidential DataGatekeepingDP as Licensee

PublicityAttributionLiability for Reuse

Design ProfessionalInstrument of ServiceCopyright

Embedded CopyrightsDerivative Works

Owner as LicenseeCompletionMaintenanceRenovation/ExpansionReuse

StatusLegal Status

Contract DocumentPrecedenceAllowable RelianceRelationship to:

2D DrawingsSpecifications

Conflict Resolution

Interpretive DocumentConflict Resolution

Informal Document

SubmittalsRFIs/ClarificationsRecord Drawing

WhoWhenHowFormat

Specification

Detailed SpecSoftware Choices

CompatibleInteroperableIFC Classes

Detail LevelDesignSubmittal

TolerancesInformation Management

AdministrationInfrastructureDigital RightsGatekeeping

ImplementationModel Administration

WhoOwner/Owner ConsultantContractorConstruction ManagerPrime Design Professional

WhatTechnicalAdministrativeSubstantive

Model Management Process

Version ControlDesign CoordinationConstruction CoordinationAs-Built Information

Job Site Use/AvailabilitySite Survey/Existing ConditionsAgency ReviewArchivingInsurance

Emerging StandardsNBIMSAIA

IPD Use GuideIPD ContractC106 Digital Data LicensingE201 Digital Data Protocol

AISC “Appendix A”Model AdministratorLogical Project Model

Design ModelAnalysis ModelManufacturing Model

Interoperable through CIS/2Model Takes PrecedenceConditional Acceptance by FabricatorSubmittals Through ModelNo Discussion of Legal Issues Involved

AGCContractor's Guide to BIMConsensus Docs

200.2 Electronic Communications Protocol AddendumSeries 300 IPD

GSASpatial BIM RequiredBIM Design Center

USACEBIM is Superset of CADA/E to Provide Plan for BIM UseBIM Will Be Sufficient for CostingModel Elements That Are Shown on ¼:1Structural Model “As it Would Be Built”No Unresolved Interferences from 20%!

CURTCIFE\

Legal Issues

Inherent in the Use of BIMArising from BIM as a Collaborative Framework

Issues Inherent in BIM

Data TranslationData MisuesIntellectual PropertyValuable Papers/IT RiskStatus of ModelStandard of CareDesign Delegation

Data Translation

ErrorsProfessional LiabilityLimited Software Warranties

Inconsistent FeaturesInteroperability

Data Misuse

CurrencyAdequacyTolerances

Intellectual Property

OwnershipCollaborative Work

Copyright

Instrument of Service

Confidential InformationEmbedded InformationWhat is the DesignGatekeeping

Valuable Papers/IT Risk

Data LossInsurance

Status of Model

Contract DocumentVisualizes IntentUnofficial

Standard of Care

Conflict ResolutionDepth of Modeling

Optimization

Design Delegation

LicensingFrankfort Digital Services v. Kistler

Responsible Charge

3. BIM Implementation – Across the project team

1. Procedural Scope

2. Legal and contractual

Procedural Scope

1. Who benefitsInternal benefitsTeam benefitsOwner benefits

2. Who Pays?

Suggested Scope

1. Project Site model

2. BIM as – or not as – a contract document

3. Subcontractor interface

1. BIM provided for subcontractor work

2. BIM as context for shop drawing review

4. Direct site integration

5. As builts

BIM Coordination WorkshopSoftware Choices

CompatibleInteroperableIFC Classes

Detail LevelDesignSubmittal

TolerancesCoordinate system

Information ManagementAdministrationInfrastructureDigital RightsGatekeeping

Coordination ProcessOrganizationLeadership

Issues Arising from How Building Information Modeling is Used

BIM as a Collaborative Framework

Issues Arising From How BIM Is Used

BoundariesVagueness3rd Party RelianceContractsIntellectual PropertyDesign DelegationImplied WarrantiesInsurance

The Boundary Dilemma

OWNER DESIGNER

CONTRACTOR

SUB SUPPLIER DB/SUB

Authority

Responsibility

Liability

CURT WP-1003 & 1202

Integrated Project Structures: The building process cannot be optimized without full collaboration among all members of the design/build/own project.

Open Information Sharing: Project collaboration must be characterized by open, timely and reliable information sharing.

Virtual Building Models: Effectively designed and deployed technology will support full collaboration and information sharing and will lead to a more effective design/build manage process.

From Hierarchy to Collaboration

Owner

FacilitiesManager

ConstructionManager

LightingDesigner

StructuralEngineer

Architect

CivilEngineer

HVACSharedProjectModel

OWNER DESIGNER

CONTRACTOR

SUB SUPPLIER DB/SUB

AIA/AIACCIntegrated Project Delivery

AIACC IPD: A Working Definitionwww.ipd-ca.net

AIA/AIACC IPD Use Guidewww.aia.org/ipdgEssential PrinciplesBusiness ModelsBuilding the Integrated TeamIntegrated Project WorkflowLegal Considerations

Delivery Process

AgencyOwnerArchitect

EngineersGCSubs

Predesign Schematic Design

Design Development

Construction Documents

Agency Permit / Bidding

Construction Closeout

WHO

REALIZEHOW

WHAT

WHATWHO

HOW

AgencyOwnerArchitect

EngineersGC

Subs

Conceptual-ization

Criteria Design Detailed Design Implementation Documents

Agency Coord / Final Buyout

Construction Closeout

REALIZE

Traditional

Integrated

Predesign SchematicDesign

ConstructionDocuments

Agency Permit /Bidding

ConstructionDesignDevelopment

Project ProgressD

esig

nEf

fort

/Eff

ect

Graphic originated by Patrick MacLeamy, FAIA

Ability to impact cost and functional capabilities1

Cost of design changes2

Traditional designprocess3

IPD designprocess4

1

2

4 3

Conceptualization CriteiaDesign

ImplementationDocuments

Agency Coord /Final Buyout

ConstructionDetailedDesign

Collaborative Contracts

Be Collaborativehttp://www.constructingexcellence.org.uk/sectorforums/buildingestatesforum/bcc/index.html

Engineering & Construction Contract (NEC3)www.neccontract.co.uk/

“Lean Construction”www.leanconstruction.org

Consensus Docs – 300 Serieshttp://www.consensusdocs.org

NBBJ AgreementAIA

IPD: A GuideIPD Agreement(s) Spring 2008

Additional Resources and Developments

NBIMS www.nibs.orgGSA www.gsa.gov.bimUSACE cadbim.usace.army.mil/BIMAIA www.aia.orgAIACC www.ipd.ca.netAGC www.consensusdocs.orgCURT www.curt.orgCIFE www.cife.stanford.eduLean Construction www.leanconstruction.org

W25_-_BIM_Implementation_Strategies.pdf

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