W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer...

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WAVE-FRONT CODING: A NEW PARADIGM FOR IMAGING SYSTEMS W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski is with CDM Optics, Incorporated, 4001 Discovery Drive, Suite 2110, Boulder, Colorado 80303- 7816.

Transcript of W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer...

Page 1: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

WAVE-FRONT CODING:A NEW PARADIGM FOR IMAGING SYSTEMSW. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. DowskiW. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado.E. R. Dowski is with CDM Optics, Incorporated, 4001 Discovery Drive, Suite 2110, Boulder, Colorado 80303-7816.

Page 2: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

LensCCDObjects

Output Image

Traditional Imaging Systems

In Focus

Page 3: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Lens CCDObjects

Output Image

Traditional Imaging Systems

Out of Focus

Page 4: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Wave-front Coding

Lens CCD

ObjectsIntermediate Image

Wave-front CodingOptical Element Image

Processing

Output Image

E. R. Dowski, Jr., and W. T. Cathey, “Extended depth of field through wave-front coding,” Appl. Opt. 34, 1859–1866 1995.Imaging Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309.

Page 5: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Object Lens CCD

Traditional Imaging System

Object Lens CCD

Wave-front Coding Imaging System

Wave-front CodingOptical Element

Page 6: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Object Lens CCD

Traditional Imaging System

Object Lens CCD

Wave-front CodingOptical Element

Wave-front Coding Imaging System

Page 7: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

CCD

PSFs

In Focus

Out of Focus

In Focus

Out of Focus CCD

In Focus

Out of Focus

In Focus

Out of Focus

PSFs

Traditional Imaging System Wave-front Coding Imaging System

Page 8: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Input Signal

System

Output Signal

H

Impulse PSF

PSFs

In Focus

Out of Focus

In Focus

Out of Focus

PSFs

Traditional Imaging System Wave-front Coding Imaging System

Page 9: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Ambiguity Function A(u,v)

u: Spatial Frequencyψ: Misfocus Parameter

Phase Function P(x)

Page 10: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Spatial Frequency

Spatial Frequency

High

Low

Page 11: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.
Page 12: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.
Page 13: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.
Page 14: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Modulation Transfer Functions (MTFs)

Page 15: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Object Lens CCD

Wave-front CodingOptical Element

Wave-front Coding Imaging System

Intermediate Image

Image Processing

Output Image

PSFs

Weiner FilterPhase Surface

Page 16: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Object Lens CCD

Wave-front CodingOptical Element

Wave-front Coding Imaging System

Intermediate Image

Image Processing

Output Image

PSFs

Weiner Filter

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Why Wave-front Coding?

Object Lens CCD

Wave-front

Object Lens CCD

Wave-front

Page 18: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Applications: Extended Depth of Field Imaging

Traditional System Image

Extended Depth of Field Image

Traces through both images

Page 19: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Applications: Extended Depth of Field Imaging

W. T. Cathey and E. Dowski, “A new paradigm for imaging systems,” Appl. Opt. 41, 6080 (2002).

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Applications: Actuator Images

(a-d)Traditional Image(e) Wave-front Coded Image

Traditional Image

Wave-front Coded Image

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Applications: Fluorescence Imaging

Traditional System Image Wave-front Coded Image

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Applications: Achromatic Imaging

Traditional System Image

Wave-front Coded Image

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Kenneth Kubala, Edward Dowski, and W. Cathey ,”Reducing complexity in computational imaging systems,” Optics Express, Vol. 11, Issue 18, pp. 2102-2108

Page 24: W. Thomas Cathey and Edward R. Dowski W. T. Cathey is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Colorado. E. R. Dowski.

Applications: Liquid Lens with Wave-front CodingChir-Weei Chang and Yung-Lin Chen “Using liquid lens in wavefront coded imaging system,” Proc. SPIE, Vol. 7061, 70610O (2008); DOI:10.1117/12.794930 .

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Images of Liquid Lens System

Images of Liquid LensSystem with Wavefront Coding