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NON-PROFIT COMMUNITY NEWSLETTER INSIDE...:.:.__*• M W A S A c h a n g e s - p i

'P*opb \t Congrms Ptrty-pS• S chool *sr* limit - p 4• Sato o l house* - p 8 t 9• Hire Purchase - p U & 15

Sfficr t— r—— pamphka kn

aurted appesx®* « the KjccB and cocmuir tfes of Cape Tow*, and ahead) thout*c±s of i|T.» rum hl̂ t beet coiiecttd Mon impar- tut, fohutiCT far the UDF fcrt beer foal to to the bomes o# •otkta ■

and Ite a t to what tb« peopk Lrrt to ■y. - *•

A f»* w«u «*o. Bori thu 2 0C UDF volunteers fol together to *bhu' Uop »d HeuicreW. Feopk fro® aC regions m Cape Town fathered ■a than bngfa

[ m i red UDP --------For as hour. tbry latcoed to peopk talking of the probkms and acraggks that the Laaga and Htidrrrld people •aperience is tber day*to-day Bm. The* they vest out. to the hoanes, ahopt. parementx to do the hard wort of fastening and talking.

At the ead of the morning. over 3 7 0 0 people had agned their opposition to *Vocha'> new deal' aad tber aup- _jt for the UDF.The foDowmg w**k.

another 782 ŝ narures were collected * the barracks and hoses of the Langa peopk EVERYWHERE, organisations »d *ohm- teen are fettag together to plat the s fnature campaign. ka the Northern Suburba, rep* from many areas act to ekct co-ordmttco and

ofacooc Athkme ■ ca&- in all organisations to a Regional Coeference to launch the campaign ta their repon la Ifca Southern Sntairta,

e than SO rokjatrcn «at • mornuv* »«ft- tel in the Bats compoandl of the Bait Bay Harbour, m i a the aquittar camp at Diu «mr.

In Mitch*Cs Rais. HiL,

her*. Cufukra * aimer Eatate voJunteen haw ha»unte collect npiamra

Then it e«atement nd expectation ■ the

people -ait

All over the country, people make their mark against apartheid. / -

heid.

“Ndibeka nsba Jwarn Kwelipepa ngebhongo neqhayiya" La ibinga- maxvi orantu wokuqala uku aayma 1/ora ye UDF. Kwihnge toyo lobhaliao magama lowo

Dr Alan Boesak :ela oko aroa-

pepa okuxhonywa (posters) aezibhilrvana zamapepa siqahle uku- bonakala Kayo yonke mda*o kweh lam Kapa. Se *mgama-waka imi- aayino eqokeklweyo. Oku balukkfley o am»- volontiya eUDF.Anjena ezindhni rabase benzj nerahahk abantu ngolu bhahso

Ngaphem Kwama 2 0 0 anavoiotiya eUDF. Ebedjbene «Heide»eld aaKwa Langa beyok- vcou akiaielo kwexi ndawo.

Abantu faebephuma koxo sonke aniqila xe UDF. leaxibe izikipa labc halkutbetha ■a bantu Eorea koko baqahaa omaebenzi on- nmi wokuthetha up- hula-phttla aaaebantwmi ocactta Bgotuhhaliso.

Eon Kwemini bab̂ mbengapheru Kwama 3 7 0 0 1 ^‘g*"* a bantu ababhahsDeyo bebona-

______ eyabokukmithetbo yeyant- kukwano baiban iUDF. Kwjreki alandelayo

_ aqokeklvaKwa Langs aniaholwani bbk tooes.

Kulo imibutho tyadibana ibonisana ngolu bhaloo luqhube- kayo. Kwi Northers Suburbs a bam ell aha- vela kwingmqi badibene honyula intloko xalocn- aabenzi bagqibs nanga- manyathelo abazakuva thabatha.

I Flak a imema yonke imibutho ize kwikomfa yayo yeoqOa. Kwi

Uhitsha ahahlali omama nabafundi badibene besebeaza kunye. Oku bhahso magama kuye tuqina ngokuqma Kwaye lufumana maaso kakhulu a bantu bayayit- hakazekla kakhuk

Kukho oruyo oen- isbulo kweli ayatbek). Abanru babonisa akun- giKimhmni ae (Apate- yiti) ucalu-caluJo

'■** '*T " ’ v i -

* • " * 1»4•- C-

■ .-■:1 ^ ̂ A kA ^^f^S S•> *;'; - V i ■ - v > y . ... .-••'• * :-*"v.

A NEWMWASA

... . » _____ T n n n u ? urnor.. becom.THE U rd u W orkers fcorthere Trm.-ir-*^i n i IrorA l lo c a t io n o f toe>[ ret.3M we„J o u ft A fn c i DBS jom^^uti with»d o p »< ! • new «**■ K m l k w i » " " 4 theatituoor This w » w a t n Only » o “d oor I I the recent Cape has democra-.:.-

h eld to «B > ateetad w orar, c o o p * * “ mpraaentamae-E u : L on oon . Another problem

M i atartad out n Lti' » ' mac. M , for journa- n o i l K * eatm Cape

I II betar t » . m Cape BordeT •orten to an2 roast Natal

M »ASA memben «ip- OB-f*a«i coo-

rer-D ot Only Nortb- c n Traneraal and Southern . Tranmal

UDF

ib o The »ew eoorore- Has i d tc b* adopted,0 . 1 — M » ASA into0 ^ f r u t m ! t r » 4 *

KX ; la t k pail M*ASA

« ■ oa)r> opes to .■ ~ v . T h » haa »ho A Hurt problem wm b e e r * M*'ASA nfKiatioe to the UDF. mm km • » 0M »aaI The northern Tran#*aa! 717,11 - - T b it m t Southern Traar*aal , - - * . 1 u mopr* to n x t r i affHsaboe to IB n u n who accept the UDF MWASAIpoiicy At w o e point *» '

-w ot fall * f - Wcrthara Tram*aal, u the E at Southern Trmnama: and

___ confreal The n o t Natal delejates__ . . _ s b k a w h that n l t i out o f the a n -_# | eaatnl AD p a i . Weaterm Cape

i—I T- pirnoualy » f » ASA memben aawamd +~y aupported the walk out to th»

-■— ■— trnl edMWASA. » c t a« Ea« ■__ _ aoene n * o n who walked out wot

- ■ * " ■“* P"*"*6 “ m r n . t o ^ ' ^ ^ * ' r . . f m l w orte « ► tbe hundreds of arcekenTruaeaal a»d «ad amid joan the

un>or.. become ttf m ior.ry end com pietfly t t * r i « the cor ttituuor bm\ dart do: change poiifj policy formed • decade a|c is Ifie absence o ' the worker*

T h e r pocOon bo' and the- arorude at congren n a f m n o c i question* about the- intentions •her. they foufht for VASA to be jh ia jt i to M*ASA is 19 SO

-Were they gemune- ly interested is ad>anc- m i the workers’ cause or were tbey merely lookisi for a power-

Do tbey sec MVASA M u u iu s whjet

' further the srrujfle of tbe media, pnnbek p r ^ a r n f ard worken is particular M d tbe structk pesersl, or * tbe uruoc percerrBd as a powerful tool is tbeir kasds? Judjm* by tbec sctioci we are forced to pie aurnc it ■ tbe latter"

Tbe East Loodos ooogresi deaded that ink ASA wiD >ois tbe UDF A aew e* ecu owe r a akct»d with MJ. Funk « president A ^ c o i l coo fres will be bald in Fort Elizabeth Id Marcb.

th e c o o v m fro fE T b a r e ■ * o e ^ e r t u r m e s ! f o t ba r i s S e a F o a l S b eh a t dc s o a a . ' U fc

Tc tsaif thii worse there a the (R tded -» r> L a » - . Sophia 1t v r .J ) a s fi f n e t d i c a n n o t v i a : h e -

|t : Sophu ba» decided tc mast • plar She has >oi»ed up with o^ie; dorreio: worken under the Dor-e» tic boT ien ' A ssoosooc (D^A> Tofether tbey bs»e found a place

for er.tertauuser.:. for edu- canon*: actmoei asd *eneraJ>. ju r tc be tofether Tha place u the Cape Town A m Centre m Greet P o s t

£rrr> day therr is scare kmd o f D ccn ry tt the C entre. I f I t * so t fa r . - tjd asd borne s u m n * . «*» d re sm a k m t asd d e& fn m *. or amrrr~r.| of dOtTWIt̂ WOTkCn

For 15 months tbe Aru Canur has baen hke a home for domestic worken.

N o* the Cape Tow s City Council has decided to interfere Tbey hrre wsmed that tbe domestic worken may loet tbe place The prviif>-r-r « in o to make centre or a reetauranL

T>w has a&frred tbe worten.

*%e wiD sot accept this just tike th*t_ It ■ the Meal ptoc* Moat worten h m to ipeiid aD thru t w

BoUtxm to the bockyardi oftheir empioyet*. . _______

-Tbere ere eooufh bnnarmet ■wi4 restaurants in Sea Point. I don't see why the Council would went to take tho place away from us Th»

kmc of acuoc maaei one went to qvasooc the rofc o f the Council.

I ll Oewies' aaad aD the worken were nrroNed is tbe fight to keep tbe centre

T w enty yean ago tbe worten did sot hare this problem At that time, District Su was around the corner aad peopk coaid 90 there for social sctm ues But ance paopk ware moved out o f Dwtrict k x , domasoc workan hrre become -totally ieolatad

Tbe fint step is tbe campeign to keep the Arts Ceatre was a poster makmg-eession recently to popu- kanlanje the worken' demands.

A number of meehnp me planned with peopk is the area to gam support for tbe workers.

Dorrmsbc wtxfcoa h 9 v t0 »0 d t3 t0 9 ftca dttopgtxyi to V* CourtCM BtxxJl tto

Art C#nfr* Thn post*’ eras m*&e h dommSK workan • a racmrr: wortshoc

T hapostf tm t*c>put up in tha S 1 Point 9raa to ms* paop* awara of tfi

damanA.

Pamphlet attack on tiwu_______ Mhar to th* ptmph- W h y*

I aSnnr Relations A ct :r ' . '

New Law controls

this^attributed eartkr m on th at the

THk Oeaeral Workers'U n oa haa beoome the

P ajn p hka E « rtt* factory to' . r £ r r hmckenfeH. Moat o f attacking tbe GVU —S ^ W k a n th^r “‘• wortCT" Ê

w s dead and baloog » tbe GVU.Grassroots asked D mazgsns them to resign y -------

from it — a»d ita teoerml Law u about the

__Ira m jT

TW ^amphiao ban- caty caO oa worken to l a w (ram tbe GVU and tbey support this caB by defaming the

asms throughIks and racist slurs.

THE |B*enuattt has arw laws to coa-

tro! U dep ead eat

b not prepared to ait %gck whik worken and

ference is the internal affain o f s trade

t r o nger Many Uws bare been introduced lo control the worken

nhave no*

_ amendment to the Labour Relations Act- It states that aE anions should gjre the Department o f Manpower all documents dealing with:(a Recognition

(b l bsts o f office bear-

(c)Bst o f anion nem- ben;(4) tbe union's cocst> tabon,(e) financial accounts and source o f incoerK

Otherwise, ao recog-

Piroaha* Camay, ftneral secretary of the Council of Unions of 5A, said the government's next step may be to say what goes into the recognitioa agreements as well He added thst the unions bad nothing to hide but that tbe recognition agreements were “ private arrangements thst bad nothing to do with tbe state

Why*— , ----------rnarf y— pera— fl?

TW people imp ■ b k lor the p «n j* would wait to * a » a rnsoa o ffxb u r they alao alter to a te aAnatapcthe fa s that 1 a s wkObnoMly paopk • put out this radar f

Aat the war.

cd with any employer w S be upheld to a court o f law. This aiaaai r*co*ruo°n ■greemeoU will ha po ueriew documeon to

100 ’s owed workman’s compsnsation

___, Worken' Uiuou.W r a t m o f South A b a Trade Utuceu m l the South Afncaa

Worken* Unioe the gownm ent

Tha unioos affected, swnly the toiepeDdent ■ ■ ra fiftrrad trade — hare reacted withaafcr-

Da.f Lewi, o f the C » l ! laid that it was ckaily "further toter-

DO YOU know Mr J. Dy*el who oaed to w c«t for the De Waal Hotel’ If ao, you can ■one food oewv He hai been aw »«ad Wort- ■ n l C -m peaatio . of ha o .daim from the Departroeet o f Mahpowar.____

Mr Dyasel is one o f buhdredi o f worten who have beet, iajured at wort hut cannot ^ tracei t o u t theu W o rk o n 'l Coaepcwatx*. Ewnr » Bonthi. howeaer. a hat c a m « < • * * “ * uniaa o f thoae who are eantied to Wortmea i Compensation. Here art jw t a feu£Daniel Tait, Obaarratory - * * » .«>/U W Scholtt. Kapel Klawtr - EJ0S.4T Mathew Hlaperulu. IT A Conrtmrooe - A J.L Mtinnik. LTA Conatrucoon - R 133,07 Lealey Hopley, Dowion aad Dobaon - RJ7-* ® Simon Arriel, Cape Steel Cocimrcoon U na Ruiten Stelljnboick - R109.7S

Karin Dyer. Wynbrri - » 1 * » > °JAbrmliama. iulienboach Afdelin^raad -

Moesamat Kaaaiem Isaac U . Moms - R104.40 Walter Ntwamabi. Oecon - f ie ! Moekoena, PUflord Hama - M Poole. Sea Harmt Corp - R5I.W Hamilton Mepetyfen, » * M Me-,ill - RIO3,71

• Jaanena Sophia aa. W rtO W m a too - - RM.JO K May, Naaaosak Tydakrifte — R88.80 JJJ F. Wateoer. Kiaaifouteto - R6«^ S

Mooey » hot much coaafon whan you hare lost a limb to an toduatml accident, but the w orten hare put their aoaey into Wort men i Compensation so they ihoald make Birr they fet It out whan they art injured’

The Trade Union Library at Malta Houae, Salt R j*ei, has the list for you to check youi name

the, we sadly m »u .jm m b o x ■ * . "

Caenw piaar « J >an /e l wmr chom f o ’ m a r nm pat*'

r * really lo t tao. The only thaw this has erer happ before was oore m Elizabeth whet were aeranisini S* Afncac Raflwaya w erv A»d the othe: was wbec we organmxng tbe Ej worken is fort s

thn has happened Ereaxe plant. VeV

tan why E __m atobe atanrU b r mmuym a i rto mkt a s / acnr

End the war in Namibia, Angola!

JJL 1C CMA * 0L 7 JSC people kilini a u t taaoacst

b | » RoDdet-otd: b it Month to pnaeat against South A in a » aafctarv mid od Aafob

Thu ruu tensed Operation Adtar. began as Decrmorr 6 . but wai onh adrur:«? to the p m three

'ey mr, mr>d tc a>~ucr>p!tor. tnc to xuppon rr>e UDF SWAfO

_____ The awnraL’ meam|tSouth Africa k abo Che evening was that

mid to bad aapport to to cad war is Southern IM iu whtch appocaa Africa, South Africa the MPLA, Aagob'a M d s to change Its

Speakers ar the meei- b ( explained how the SADF has bees a d m b A afob far some tame TW> mad Sooth Africa had m d e d Aagob abvea

Through bs h j t u l y _ _BOB South Africa tr io joBxx mi Soirtli Africato increaie In ecooo- WT w il help the peopleK and m&itan p c * o o f Namiba and AjijoIj

Aflfofc. t ie ^cak- la t o their paace. the

Statement! t f «ap- TWport for the ■ i rrnu with a n ota tion too k ( n o I k d U , mppor. the caD for mthe C o D d ta tM Ob- aod to ceapokory ooa-

« j je d o n ' Support Croup, acripooa. and to ■op-in llV O and CAYCO. A port the UDF aad all

ftaadiag ow boa pasted people t t m n j to hnldthe D o o r m pf an a (n e m d paacefalatot to the Berunt hr Southern Africa.

CRADOCKGROUPSATTACKED

THE Cradoci Residents Association (CRADORA) and C n d ock Y ou th Assodabon (C RA D O YA ) art c o m in i tinder hear) attack from the government and security police.

CRADORA v u neat and their puppets formed in October U r They aiadc it difficulty « .- after residents muted to fight high rents w the township. Since ther CRADORA has woo the aupport o f the whob community To- fether wiA CRADOYA the aanaaooc joined

V J > J . b December i n j .

The residents' strong auppon o f CRADORA aad CRADOYA put fear is to the govern-

for the orgaruaaboeu to carry oot their work

The aacunry police harassed CRADORA chairpersoai.* Matthew Comwe Matthew a the principal o f a local achooL la November he was told by the Education Department that they were transferring him to a school in GraafT-Reiaet He refused to bave Cradock So ia January he was

fori frosr t o per.The aacunry police

also questioned four Ob'* an £ y o-th mem ben aad too* their phororapbs.

Closed doors

Today CRADORA and CRADOYA cannot gti halls for their meet- fcgs The churches hare doaed thesr doors after being *wted by the

try pabce. One sts the to pay

■ 13 a mgh: to ase their haL A member o f the church coundl who oppomd tha was kick- ad out o f the coundl-

The pace* o f Cra- d o d art o r ? A pa- Obor it at-Toor of Mitthr* G c c « t a bemx c n E B d b» C R A D O R a aad CRADOYA. The youth say they w5I caT a school bo y aae if Man- haw b aor p«es b a d his job A* the same tune the a o u a m

The paopfe of tha amaD tows me determined to w a tbeo demands The) Wf they wiL figt: for thexr eights Tber tou a ft and unity a a b a m for aS South A fora

iCommunity Council Idiliza iHoki zethuIBE IkokokuQab umbutho wabahlali Rwale community coundl ytyo ahira btlas^aaao yabahlah earn adutha ihoki i*uv ya/ingathanga kwenyanga ezmtachu l ^ a d f — ari bakunimela Ingabo kukunimala oku

adangamao Srwenxaya agokcUphakamfle oats ye amana

Id mbotho otiu akwazi wahlaaela kabukhah oenama aathi i" abaaru ngnnito eribad- Community coundl babcazba boaa

kaaye. Vataho aaithi yeaa uyavuya Jcuba aaaye amthetheieli oyi cm c

wokuchidiwa kwehofc zachithwa yi homama joyinan: umbutho wabahlali . Nto b y o fbatsho •. * .

[ » atlanganiao the azinyaswe. — Khmyii lombutho oc&khulu i UDF

p l U T W :ila u n c h ;M a rc h 'll

Uthe xa abethrtha aahblo we one "bahlak axyalahleka ngokujoyini b commumry coundl kuba aoze

“ Kuba ayimek>nga aina imele ibodi Andik aamhlanje Ibodi xa afuna todhi ikuthumela kwi community couadT Kuba bithi yona ayinslawulo yi community coundi

kha aizibuze ukuba mxoxela ingxaki ccau

acaweni ayaphi amahoto.Ranti kwenzekam kwisizwe

camnyama? Le mithetho flungisele- lwe akusidnezela agoba b com munity coundl idoNtsa tmali kuthi

Futhi ayizimisele ukuphatha im>- dmbd yethu qha yona ifuna thina akhokhe imaL njaJo.

DIE Afdehugsraad b Ebies Rmer bet op Vrydag P Februark deb bde *m dm Avoe-

bgeroep Da dne bet worms gekry dat hulk b l reatkaarte ook moes aaambnag. Db tomrdenmeaigmi bet

x .

pcnoonlike belasung

vir*

MarAfdeliagaaad bet

4b huurden w te l dat ky baa bekomamd ia aor ‘n pampflet wat m db gebbd m sprp was. Hy socl dat

D a huurdem e renig- b g bet eir Mar Carpenter tageUg dat db pamfkt sbgs nr iahgt-

w u D b inhgtxng wat daarop was, b ia koerante ea die rrae

bdbHy

a* db meam wH geld-

db geld grbruii. sal word am huae u bow ab db meam op die

huurden tc help oan db regte besluit ta aeem bdan bulb hnl huae wfl koop.

Die huurden bet rb Mnr Carpenter renel dat bab tan die mense trrioop be Lasting en

betaaL Hy bet geant- woord dat bab ran Els Ebbs «e mense op die staat m ack 1ft, waat bab trek pension of “ disability-. Hy bet ook beaarr dat db staat a b maer rcrantwoorde- hk sal aeem rir be h using en dat m ena wat aieer at R150 *n maan

t koop o f bou.

Db komitee het aan die Raad f t m . Hoekom was da komitee in

da eente pbk ingeroep* Waaron ia hulk bang rir db mhgtin wat dk komitee renprei^ la bulk aoiskbn bang dat d b koamtee al db foute aan db mease aal uit-

b db heb hubrer- kopery so belangrik rir dk Rud1

Da komitee was b - gebj dat Mar Saa. mat op da bestuurskomitee a. da iajgung van die pamfkne oorgedra het aan Mnr Carpenter.

Nuwe unie vir Plastics werkers

Ons moet saamstaan*n NUWE unk. dk Flastics and AJlkd Worken' Union, b on- langs by *a rcrgadering ran omtrent 100 werk-

geskoolde arbcad wat buDe doen, terwyl hulk

betaaJ e het

tl dat dae bam m

“Ons

Daar s aba e: peobbaK by db werk me, maar daar a ook paabmma ia

D k werken kom raa bulk regte ea belangefabrieke

PAWU aheeds met . or- ganisaxk begin het. Op die oomblik a daar 74 plaanek fabneke met •a totaal raa 1000 werkers.

By PAWU m eente rergaderi&g hat werken renlae werksomstandighede, dk lae lone en dk lang werksure Raa werken bet geprast oor dk

Een ran dk werken, Oom Cert, bet in dk acxgadering gsaft:

“ D a prys ran brood paaa al waer op. D b toekoms lyk donker vir oats, maar dear dit albs

i on i laamrtaan ea 1 oas probbme opkx

‘n Lid vaa db Be- buisinp Akaar Komitee, bet gesft: roorgestel

Ar# r » - »ai —

No to PCPP P“ V^I don ’ t wmnt puppet leaden and the government's new 6cmL He w n t democratic rvfha in a free* South Afnc&. ~

Tha a th« i from the paopk o f Mil chclb Flair that greeted the Paopk's Cocgre» tarry w h n thr> med to ha»e i meetmj at tb* W«stnd#t Cmc Ccotrr n ctsU )

from the OTgaiUSat-

ie Mtn-h*nt Pina, I f p i f > d is the United Democratic From. (UDF), ended tbe ■■rnai in kss than 30 saiactes-aad forced Feter Marais aad his K ? ao leave K T has derided to go into the new^ “ coknurd parfca-

T V meeting then

they did aot f t : an> support from the peopk of Mjtcheus fli_r PC? brougfc: a busload of prop »* fro it outside Mitchells M et - about K pecpk which » - duded about 25 young children dressed as drum so«.iorrnrj aad a group o f younf men armed with sticks

The fa r o f the peopk - about 150 - were supporters o f the UDF

After the first apeak er had spoken, peopk m the audience

ad to aak questions. The PC? channan refused to aLo« people to ask questions or aay

PCP kader Mr Marais allefedly physcaEy m- aeulted a Grassroots worker and smashed ha photographic aquip- B fo t Mr Maraxs was aDrfrd!> ttcz attacking other peopk alto.

The UDF aupporten continued the meeting msde the hall aad passed a reaofciooei to “ eotnnut ourscivea to intensify the fight again** Botha aad aT ha puppet kaderv"

The UDF Mitchells Plair deplored the PCP’s tactics o f mani- pulatxag children and usxnf the pohce to suppress the peopk from

eg their political it-

reaofcitsoe to aupport This lad to thethe UDF aad the S ir majority o f the peopknature Campaign la the haC standmg up

PCP had caDed the aad moriag towards themeetsag to wia support atage The peopk forcedfor i t e r decking to A c PCP offaoak - aadaupport the govern- M r bodyguards - to Beat's aew deaL But

mmrvs points oui UDf mamOe^ rc we pouc* --------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- ----------------^

S tu d e n t asiger o v e r a g e lim it— • _ i _______l . *- ----- m ik# Imm aniM from school to school to continue CAPE T O W

“ You kaow s mas by his faendi aad by having only the pobce to support them, the PC? staads exposed with ao aupport for their potion. They are aemag themselves up as enemies o f the people in their struggk for Justice aad equality la the laacf o f our birth**, the UDF said

After a whOe Pater Marais caDed ia the police aad about 30 pobcemea la four ▼ass. a truck aad some can came aad asked the UDF supporters to dis-

Pobce allowed the PCP to go back into the haC aad formed acordon outside the door to stop anyone else from going inside

Earlier, the UDF Mitchells Plain had started its signature campaign which was supported by people from the deroocratk or- gaaisatioas in the area.

A s One, W e Sea/: No to Apartheid

SICJN! UNITE

MANY peopk are aak- Las about the UDPs Million Signatures Campaign Grassroots spoke io a UDF official about the campaign.GR Why did the UDF

show that the arw deal wQ only become w ont la terms o f tha arw

de~.df to ha*t tha cam-P »y -UDTlWe aaed to showour oppoaioon to apartheid aad the govern-

it's aew deal Through the Signature Campaign the UDF will be abk to show that our peopk reject apartheid aad that they support the dramatic «im» o f the UDF. We are SouthAfricans, through the Signature Campaign, to show they hare confidence m the UDF.GR What does the

The aew dea! wC taen also aot i put anployment or rasacre hurtful apartheid laws.The main apartheid laws, like the Group Areas a d wiE semaia.The UDF fe i peopk a1 need to laws with

The UDF Signature Cami

aad the

fight for

Simafure Cam--- --pupd>e UDF do about the problems we face in ourcommunities, like hugerero. low wates. badhousing etc ?UDF These kind of problems are a result of the system under which we bee. This will chan ft if the system changes. By aoaloni peopk aware o f the shortcomings o f the ae» deal, the UDF can

more effective.GR. What does the UDF intend dosci with the S ig n r -ra 1"UDF: The are being coOecsed to show our opposition to the new deal aad apartheid. It is not a pennon that we take lo the government. We do aot need to beg the go* ere - ment for our freedom. It is our right aad we will wia it.GR Won’t f get into

d li

UDF. No, definitely aoL If anybody w£] get hi to tiubk, it wfl] be the huadrcds o f ▼olun-

ho go out to ooikct signatures every weekend. So far. are have sees these volunteers gome out without aay probkms. We have a kjptuaate light to protest agaiaxt the aew ooastmiooa. Nothing can hsppcn to you E « o If they waated to. I don’ t think they caa take action against a saiEboc peopk.GR Who can sign^UbF Aayooe over 16. Not only one person m a household, but all thoae over 16. People are forced to carry reference books from 16 yean, ao they tfiould have a right to sign in the campaign. GR How will the nature

have gone thro\. man> sxpenes unde- apartheid Tb have men political «pm nm m q(peopk bemf repress The) have seen str organasoons aa L promaes aad aot ka> mg them They hi seen fee way m wh. the State has hit out its oppoaaa ts- Many our peopk have been to tali} dsiOusKQ with aay attempts

aythmglt>KrtheiV

Campaiglto destroy

UDF. The Signature Campaigr itself cannot destroy apartheid. Only if we are property organised and united can we destroy apartheid. But we Bust be honest. We must realise tha; marry of our peopk

THE h a few wttki ta w ■ * » •• tta tats (o n * fre** ictaol towank ŵm fa ftrXesl --------S t u A m n . particularly u tta H n y o Senior t i m i t a r r School in S o « «t o u d u t h m k « h tctaok B Atteridfcrflie mot frttora . k ra taM

A (oineen T** Sattakjr, died rfttr

Tta M ia cmox o f tta a g o b tta ife-fimit m ulstios introduced by tta Oqartmcnl of

1 T»iaiw| h 191 !. T)u> Rfu. i m dcats tta aft of cvenry [ Sid 9 or 10 d a n . Papfe e m

Iht ^ mt 18 an n o ! ta admitted u> Sid t , 7 m I.

Tta fifty f r o n t hOon r*u m African ■choofc ■ natric b it year tas lad ta thou- snda .OliDF. * e art jtd hear *a t peopk h- reject apartheid and; ready for freedom, f we mss: be sure tha: the poopk m our ax try mt ready ao C when we move, move together. T idea o f aadty has sor thing m do with that

Abe. more th. reaching our target

ourmohshse the paopk must take the UDF every comer of SocAfrica. It must aun make uae million peo, actively aupport c jtrugpe and becc part of onr organaaa.

, Anger at'̂ »'* %■ • ^ r -

bread; price increase \

sst • job. > V i tbonaivli an a n o in t to feed their tamtiev thr |ow m «n 1 ku huraa in' Sain Tax from ■> a a m p n a i . i i d iari ta rif the price af t n i

Tbs ku f n ll tbt poopk Out wifB mt mot poiai ap f c m aod m m

Kt*ace w * a*> faoaaa Whet a a i we Tad tbe t n n n > r lor food,” paople art aakiai

-T V B o w M GST wffl mean the wt art fm af the C i m m h i u txtn K50 *lb o a per Booth WH t e aoary be + * a aa docent bousing and a4aoboa for iD of a ?

• n rv N t b i B o w arrif i«joa. aa k 11 a ifa aih. aathe apartheid wrmtw whkk om people reject

-They f a d a oory as aiarie» for pofrt y m T har akrka hr-* ja o inert a « 1 They » ■ sow he eorsiog n r S K3 000 per noatfe - Bore than a a sy o f a a n a a yaa.

■They trad, om B ooty on M f o n to pro- M 3 apatheiil L a t yeer, ■ a i t ' K3 Bilioo n qpent ob defence.

Mn Jacobi. of Retreat, aaid: “We irt forced to pay GST a t e a * coal afford k. We Ban pay h«h reat». ■■ n d etecuidty bib We w® hare Is bay tea fead a pay far GST*

*1 aw thii a pan of how thr p m a a l k apiritiag k b part af thr weapoa that k aad apias a . Thr poxanuneiii rpendi au drfeace thaa i li : i uoe. which it m

Hr M «tai a f N yaop a id : “ Why a r i » t pay tb s ’ We cast afford k . Aad w» don't fet asy beaefio. We h s t so a y la haw they apead tax. Why d o o in ck people pay a n ta*r

Mitchells Plain Co-ordinating Committee:

WE DEMAND AHOSPITAL NOW!

K »t don't want • dry hospital W t want a p 'o p e ' peoora/ hemptxm'

Urn a thf demand o f the Mitchells PLair C oord ititm i Cotrtt.t- tae (MPCCi and thou- ttsds o f m idcots who support thrir p* t Dor for a hospiu.' tc be bud; is thr v u

Thr MPCC co o asts o f emc o f j i r - uL om it Mitcbela Plain With • group of doc: on, the National Medic*.' sod Dental Associaoon (N andi), the IIPCC had asked to mec: the hospital director. Dr R L. Kotzt They wrote to him last year *

Dr Kotzt repbed dm mooch. He a id he wanted to mt the M fC T i coas&tutkm He wanted to aac if they had “ any interest is health B m c a ”

Dr Kotze's reply has auged the people o f

PlainThe MPCC sad

"Community organisations m Mitchells Plain haw democratically decided to meet with the Director o f Hoapitab. His reply to os to

- 3 s i’- j " " * «• 5 , " —

Paop* warr to ' t o r s tc s w a doctor. W ht' aPoor amarpancy casas?whether the coosnn. Ooc covered healtfc care We were prepared to at dowc to discus ooc o f the a a jo i need* a> Mitchdb Plain, namely a hosp^al

“ l e are 4u|uitt^ that puppet leaden can Just walk into the white parliament while a ample request like oun fii met with dciayus tactics. The MPCC does aot see a hospital as as

should prsaent our coo- sdtubofi aad that after perusal be would decide whether to see os or OOC J- %

H e wanted to ase

coosidenn* lanoc and

toMitchells

“ Houses are

at 3 IOC he built sa

a right

aad proper health care fc ooe o f the firr priorities The health iadhnes is Mitchells Plain are grossly inadequate and the author- san concerned should stop ade-trackin| the asue by buildmi com- vunity health facilities.

“ Our demand a for a hospital. The Council builds houses far profit, far from work places. Residents face extremely high cost of bring like high icnts. transport, electndty AD this causes stress, saxisty and aodal prob-

T h e logical con-

is to build a a e n ts l iastitBOon wtaci could ha^e beet prevented if it were not for the Croup Areas Act. Houses presently ■ the ares aad those which are goiaf to be buflx will inevitably end ap like another

seating more I sw w i.“ A rich country like

South Africa has as as- calation at TB. yet it dumps large quantities o f aulk every year. An f in e s like TB could have bees controlled if they uaed the m oaey. oe proper health csre I

instead of ■uHjooi o f n defence.

**So much : presently uaed Id b>- plement the *Ne» Dea." to keep Natnuhs: idealogy in p o « c sod entrenching apartheid, but there a no moary for a hosprtai m MitcKeQs ruin

MPCC wuuU a bo like to see s hospi. tal which w £ wtrrt aurroundini areas fike CrosBoads. Cugakn., Manenberg and Hode- veld and other arm Presently our aaed ic Mitchells Plain a far a ^oeral hoapital**

CAHAC leader firedWILFRED RHODES las always hod two

aad his peopkFor 24 yean he had

worked hard at a weaving firm in Mai£a*d. He had stsrted oat as a learner weaver, he could do just about aay job is the factory aad eventually he was g p u the responsHnliry at being production controller aad works planner

In the ame ewergetic way Mt Rhoaes had worked in lb ■ ■ unity, for ha peopk Aad as s d o w o f their apprecia- b os far his hard work.

Rhodes was iacompe- teat and did aot work properly. Mr Rhodes said he had to do the work o f four people aad had a clean record over 24 yean

never took off from work unnecessarily. In fact, the last three days 1 took off was when 1 got hurt at work. I even weat back to work before 1 had completely recovered and did not claim," said Mr

Mrother people la the factory had been put

o ff or were forced to reuse in the same way.

“One man was gnen ■aay added responsibilities just before he had to reitrr. Because he could aot cope with these respormbCjbet. he was forced to resign Another man resigned when the boss refused to give him any increases. Others are just put off.** .

Shortly after Mr Rhodes lost his job, he was phoned by a man cleaning to be a pobce-

T h e man said: 1 told you we would get

you.* Thu Ban had phoned me is the past aad had made threaten- iaf statements

“This made me wonder if there was a connection between the fact that I was sacked and my involvement in the community .**

Mr Rhodes said losing his job had only strengthened his commitment to brinf about change

“This kind o f ■•ddent is part o f thepains suffered bypeople involved in the struggle," he said.

chairperson o f the Kcn- ■ngtoa/Factrctoa Rate* payen aad Tenants

Cape Areas Bousing Action Commit** eras formed out at man than 20 dvK bod in , Mr Rhodes was elected chsirpenoa He a still chairpenao at CAHAC

Bat Mr Rhodes found out the hard way that it a dif ficult to satisfy the basses when ooe h scm ag the people.

After 21 yean of working for the same company he lo c his job last month.

The bom amd Mr

LOOKING FOR WORK?- ITT IS HCtf YOU - m» m

C A tillN P lZ O Y3 B B V

STAFF UaVICgSv«w mm w BrtMt wmm *•»_vou« lOCMTrrv card. s o o « o# u »s ob

MMktMCI BOOMa vvbtimomiai » a a n names ww* m

sac to cove a coar o* com tactsVC IOWCT MAIN ROAD.

SCMOOC LCAvsas OSSCRVATOftY wtLCOMC fHOSl C.R139

MARCH 12 is NatioaaJ Detainees Day. On tha we remember all those who lave bee unprbooed or banned in the freedom stru g k.

National Detainsrs Day w il he throaghout the couacry by the detainees* aappon committees In Cape Town these comnunees are the DPSC (Detainees' Parents Support Comma tee) and ADAC (Detention Action Comminee).

A meeting w f] be held in Athlone on Satwday March 10, with more meetings planned for the Universities of Cape Town and Western Cape.

-Churches have been approached to support detainees day. The focus this year w il be poiakaJ prisoners and repression m the bentustaas."* aa ADAC ■ ember said.

“We hope to streagtben the support committees through this focus aad draw in mare parens,** he

when you require print — come to the

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ESQUIRE PRESS (PTYJ LTD.VA.MGLWED DRfVE. ATHjONE NOUSTBlA 77M M O ff 67-1260/1

UTHOGR APH ERS • RUBBER STAMPS • PHOTO-TYPESETTERS

Com m ent

Whoseleaders?The government has at: It* date for e*ec~«oni to tht coloured and "m d * r“ enjm bei of pe-liament It has bvi- on August 22 "coloureds'

a*Jiem" murt elect "loaders" to d a n b tr i Within a weak of the alaction. wr will h jrt the nay. three-chamber parliament.

The government has ignored calls for a refe-andum to tart the people's feelings

aw ooormutKxi. H tha ms aura of our aupport.

why ehould it ba afraid to call • referendum? Tha answar is claar: Tha govern- mam knows that tha majority of * » appraised people of this country refect tha naw constitution. We. rajact tht puppet laadan and political partias who try to sail tha naw constitution to us on T V .

So. at usual, tha fowmmant wifi forca this naw constitution down aur throats. Tha naw constitution hat no bnafits for us. tt will not wohm our problems of low wages. passas, no houses. high rants and guttar education It anil strengthen aparthaid and continia our oppression and exploitation.

Thart a only ona path opan to as: Organisation and unity.

Ma must continua organising aur paopla into civics, youth, (tudants, wooan t organisations and trade unions. Wa must unita all tha opprataad paopla into a powarful forca.

This is tha only way to and aparthaid and exploitation. Tha only way to buid a naw South Africa. A South Africa that it ona nation and without racism, oppression and exploitation.

Increase our wagesGST has increased to tavan percent. Tha bread pries has gone up by six cants. Soon under the naw housing deal, rants wrB be increased The bosses and the government are increasing prices almost daily. Tha only thing they don't increase it our wages.

Today over two-million workers are unemployed. Thousands more are baaig laid off daily. They are all asking: “How can we live. How arill we feed aur

These problem of unemployment, low waget, high cost of living are not of oiv making. Tha blame for them must ba pvt aquarely at tha feet of the guiw n- mem and the bosses. The hugs profits out of our

Tha government can raise the of wo mil an of parliament from R30000 to R34 000 a year. They can «Mnd R3 000 000 000 a year on tha military. But whan it domes to proper hooting.

aaaaa story: "There is no money".Those who rule do not have ear

interests at heart. They era not concerned about our problems. It is onty we ourselves, through our organisation and unity, who can put an and to our pro6

Sir Richard tells all ■ ■ ■MUCH haa haa* wmd mmmm risft m M Atnm br B*ts* fUw •recto#, ftfc Atcftard Anvnboroufh flramrnoii puert wrrtB’ GADFLY a aomtnoad Pws ■ tt* ~r—T story behind m n. .

BILLY was »orbcjLor.t tt the pub tha: Mghi He eouida t afford to hart mar* people wortiLf it the pub “ It appean people ♦or'i drml anymore I

cmmioL a hitting m r> - one “ be Mud to himself.

Jkii at he thought ha would ha** n e t i « r , a rich-tookng. aadert) mac walked in.

*Thm muat ha a Souasi. Who kaoen, maybe he is related to Lady D i He looki like royalty." KUy thought.

BiDy greeted po- fcteiy, aaked the normal questions and the dsant aettkd down to drink.

Alter a while. BiDy aaiped up enough guts

to aax “ May I aai. 1hope yoc doc*t arund. bu: what it you: name mr*~ to which the *ia>- tof responded “ Attenborough."

Billy couldn't beam ha aarv

•You km as THE A tten borou | h , Sir Richard Attenborough* Gandhi* S tm Biko. N elson M andela? ANCT' he ttuttcred

•Yea, THE Attenborough.*' Hid Sir Richard aa ha took anoihe: sip of hn dnnk.

THEN EiDy knew that tomght w h gain* to be a spade] nigfct in ha hft Tha was tht first time somebody Eke Sir Richard had ra ted his pub. BiDy

day and be could me the headlines X a ? E s B E S T B A R M A N TELLS OF SIR RICHARD'S V IS IT ". " A T T E N B O R O U G H VlSfTS B ILLY 'S PUB".

Bu: as the m " j w e e : oe Billy i u j r : the headlines could be erer n a n

could be l u “SIR

TELLS OF REAL FOR SA

Mtybe a somethin |RICHARD BARMAN REASONvisrr*.

There was so stopping Bffl> He w u goic | to be famoua

And then Sr Richard did what no man? people do He deaded to con fide in the bnr-

**You know," Sir Richard told BiDy.

aft. I told them I'm aatourmd in making apocacA fu r aboc t l x * j Ainta No%

act m speculating tha I m foou tc c a i f a L r abot: Steve Ba.: or Nejaoc Masdca

*^u* m> furr woe'! be cca—-4 with B u : cr Mar. i r u M > w£. dea. w-.^ the 19?6 Sowrtc npnsing. with the rr»~~» of s youri

off.ee- dunri penoC M> her-

tty deades to ttmr the pobce force rftr- ]?T6 "

A»d Sir Richard s near words had Billy

h f t .

"M' aame b gatLtc b> aa the front par of ewr> newspaper 1 tha couBtr) b tho-lC He could: wa. m phocr U

do you thiBi I — w d ac quvtl) I’m pyiat to Find Captau: Andre Sunder. That nsns ■ ideal matcna.' far a movie," aaid Sir Bsrhnrd

Aj aooc as Ric^arc

Ba~ BaC> was tc; a c - * . He did c hoc 1 m he cr ju c : th roei Tha: w a the oi BL-- Ae banner:

TV a n : d i•. BiU>nar-e • » ir. the ne% paper Not or. the fror par That belooprd t Star ir- There wai ■r.al notice rr th pape* myug that BiL1 had b e : knock r dowt ty s car

An: m B£D> w« lowered mto his greve the moet he charr wu* Sa Richard w» kep: f a c the woriJ K o» we wfl] have & war far Sir Richar to tel as ore da:

TXY y ew head e) tW CnarDou p u z k **» hef< te wake tU e f e e p ep c TW i » i n i mt at tht tW p a r A* *h* qeotioa iartjdei ie thr pep

Nicaragua builds their new societyF n " fc

f bioTHE fU* l o w in g (t h k abas. m e Journal** nporpnf m * » Kruge* inN a n g u t Th* film A i Im Im M nths of tha « r baton tfo .Nianguanpaop lt w or tm r frw dorrv It ih ow i h o * n * Nicarsguir. peopla urrmc and rtruggied togrffw' tc o»rTti'0»» ■ hartf and op a ra u iv i jo * arrimant

But tb t fi:T d o e j not fhow ttw w***!* Jtory o f how the N caragusn peopw w on their f m d o r i

THE peopk e! S c n i 4i art *fc.r.rttf| thee ara sooet)

la 1979 Ike oitrthjrwthe dKtitor Socr X i

S^Tnmi u : m*d( their b * « ■ubcLlbu A (roup ofpecplt owwd b w*a]ti of die couor* Here oa r half t it profit wax T W fio y ta . H oum i ted health « n u i werT fe».

Thc NiDoaa: Goart, S o a o u 't anry. kiUc£ tbocafids Thu » *J then »«y * k tfm i kw m4 oriel.

SORIUJ *■* H E ld b> ttuUnited S t a » The paoplt of Nicaragua had aab the® uajry, tfaurcusaUM m i o u w

Sandioo .The struggie k Nicaragua be

far in thr I929i wher a graeraJ named Sandcc k£ ac uprisaig against the Uaired States manna who control*' thr country. Thf upnimi lasted for (our yean and Sac din o became a national hero.

When thr mrnrnm left Nicara- fua. they pat Sonata in their place.

tut Saadmo's tradition was irrm d in 1961 when the San- duurtaa Nataoaa! Liberation Front (FSLN) »as formed

The FSLN h*d many set- hecks in the 1960s but in the 1970* thry w oe able to rally thr people y f l the dictator-

WHERE THE PEOPLE RULEAmerica tries to overthrow popular government

THI tinned S u re |o«ernme»- has always supponed thr So man dictatorship

Thr US helped to buid up •ad trail Somcia i anr Whet

Tbe> calied k a puppet o f Cube aad R u ss be 19&I, the US begar to true the old Nationa.' Guard memben Tbe> war ted to o*rrtiiro» thr Sandmicj

mrmben o f the Natiooai Gaard fled t o Amenca

Thr USA t t fo e i to recofnwe

StnaE groups o f thr National Guard were arc: into Nicaragua to attack, lactones Cantu and tohook . T V Nacaragnans called

their Co k t k The Contras won* tc ft«r N > can p a baa. to thr dsaatorship and thr b f Amer- car aompaniet

It the iar. year, the US b : tried to aep up thesr war apaaas hicaragus Thr> n t bankrupt to tcarch aC ships foa g tc Mcarifui Thr US Anm e*et precised an attack on N x a a fu

The

fightu* be:* They hew farmed groum throoghnu: d r oeuzcn to fight the C on yi; Iu m ■fair pKXM| up the pun

rfup The Nacarafuatu av fight- mg tc pro ter; ther rm^pe for a

• d tsaocnu aocsery.

wort. Or o farm t e a w ttrud of worton̂ far gfewft M9M9 §c Vm #oc ided to Ow Mat**** Cuvtl CV perhaps i ^ i m e T t , «o huntp\ thevi takac mto k_

ned

Sooaea's itgxn brutal Feooeful protests were stopped with a he£ at gunfire.

Mare and more people began to be against SomoxA. Unemployed peasant! who had ao land, worken who were paid k>w

age mcsiaas at the

The struggle was supported by the church. Some priests even took up arms. 90 percent- o f a&

violence at thr dictatorship, and even some nch people (capitalists).

Thr Sandmaas tried to unite m many people as poesihk. Thry formed peoples' organiu&ou and fronts ao that everyone

move isolated. The people'were not allowed to he*e mass protests. The Sa ad butts People's Army grew. la July 1979, they finally overthrew Sonata who ran away to Aaienca. The Nicaraguan people were at test ta

charge o f their own country.Women played a big role la

Ike Nicaraguan struggle. They formed women's committees, they worked in on es aad youth organisations, aad they fought in the peopk’s army. Now they me playing a karting role in baildtni the aew society.

The Women's organisation, AMNLAE fights for the rights o f women. They make sure that women play an active rok in the

After overthrowing Som ota. the Sandinistas dmded the land among the peasants and put the

factories to work far all the people. They built thousands at houses for the people T k unemployed pot jobs. They ssat the youth to the countryade to teach the peasants to read and arrite.

The Sandinistas also b oil organisations through which aC

. Nicaraguans could take pan ia making aQ decisions Comm usury organisations, women's organisations, youth and student organisations, and trade unions aC take pan in the government of the new Nicaragua. In Nicaragua it is the people that govern!

Nlcartguam tprm d ttmr m n stff* w fw nm r could.

GRASSROOTS ttanh ot «w fCP. Who’s fooling who?

fETER MARAS ased to be s pop sager. He was aot very m ccem

•iiil and he arver became famous

Today be ■ the kader o f the Foopk's Congress Fsrty (FCF) aad he it stiB not very

k ao pood to country Sitting m

buttheHe'D i

But Marks ead other people hke baa. hope that, even the**: they■ugfct not be very suc- cessful, they a u ^ i ja « become f wenw ia the povemmenr1* aew three chamber parhamra t

Grassroots asked Mr Marais why hr a going into a system h a ; has been widely rejected

-I befceve a pood soccer player l i e W e

If I score thry w a .GR Even if i m m k

" “Me"can”b T i e best Maraa Everyone k\dc ia the watching. Tha is the

hr can aever win owe game that everyonefor Brazil, k forced to watch.

____ ______K p m * if be Pohtics k the onlyk on the field And that thsag that one a forcedasan oa the field may to take note of. Yoube the weakest player. *aa*t seD me you arehe may be the moat ua- awsrt whea thefit player, but he is the taead price goes up.only oot who can score or when people area goal Aad if he doesn't heaag chucked out o f

will loee He can critscke. but h his bean he orfll wkh this guy scores s goal. Pm going on to the field to play. And even if I'm cribcked by people for playing, thry know

you hke it or aot, this k the only game where an y b ody k a forced

Yusuf Deen. PCf's Western Cape chairman aided “ Even if we kaow that we haven't

been gjvea anything or we haven't been given much, at kast inside there, I caa speak without being scared o f being locked up or banned or anything like that n have a platform. aot only for my peopk, bat well have a platform where foreign corTespoadents wiD be kttmg and taking notes, and these things will go out to the outside.

Ob the UDF, Marais said said T h e blacks are misusing the coloureds la the UDF. Thry pot Boesak aad Howa to sign, but who are the UDF presidents Only Macks. There are ao coloureds or Malays

The blacks aiust stop throwing thexr aumben

■ully talk about democracy being a show o f hands. Nobody cveT takes the trouble to

•rt‘ That's why you hawken and cated peopk to be the kaden o f doctors aad kwyerv”

How does he see a future sockty, does he bebeve In a united South Africa?

“ A united South Af* rfea k a pk ia the sky. I bebeve in a federation o f States m South Africa.*’ Mr Marais did aot say what he meant by this.

(PRONOUNCED YTTA MEAT;• • •

THE H YG IEN E - CONSCIOUS FAC TO RY WITH STAIN LESS

ST EE L W ALLS

Biom M Road. Lansdownc, Cap* Phone: 67-81/44

• v 4 :; M a r c h 1 9 8 4 - . : - f S p Z l g !

Thousa~a: o ' people have no houses The new housing Pea' will not S !ve them a Peoen: place to live.

Ci

(<

GOOD housag a our ngfat. But in South Africa.i more about I k boots this

A c worker*. TW ) do aot g m muck thought - o r m on ey - K i k e bousing Deeds of the people

Under the ar* housmj deal, tbe government will kU SOOOOC t o a n to tc oasts From Mit- cfceCs Plain m Atlantis, tbe council and Dr»co art »n»"| t b f mrids o f houses.

But why ■ Ike government aeHinf us houses now. after we bavr teen pay mg real for all these yean'

19PG cm c organisations like CAHAC br*r baca aasaag «• to fight for more bouaes, lower rents, a t o n d ty and proper mamtcnance.

Tbe j t w r i m i hope* to end our protests by arfi»ni tbe bouaes. It bopes to atop us or- P «ki«| ouzse*«cs in Crocs to fight for our sights And * r money they make from tbe aak o f hew n caa be sard for defending apartheid.

If the bouaes are aoJd, tbe new owners wU ban to pay far repairs and maintenance. The prominent w Z not bare to pay for theae things Tbe people cannot demand maintence from the council any mom '

Tbe goiersanrnt is forcing us to buy bouaes Rents wfl] be mcreased for thoae who don't buy bouaes.

Tbe moor? from the rent increase wfl] help the government pay for the puppet councils of the new coa£3n.noa Our people say no to theconstitution b e still the government wants our

/ f o rToday there a a huge housing shortage. 51 000

f r i l l s are aa Council's waiting hst Tbe gov-

The Government says It has a new housing policy. Under (hit policy H will cell 500 000 houses to tenants, tt Is spending thousands of rands to advertise these sales. Everday, we hear adverts on the radio. We see pretty booklets tellln us of the benefits* of buying our houses. - But cMc organisations have studied M s new deal very carefully. They say that H will only make Itfe harder tor workers. Here Grassroots looks at the new deal, and what It really means for workers.Mrnrocnt wfl] only build bad bouaes for ( earning leas than R ! 50 per month.

But moat o f theae families earn n o n due. What wfl] happen to theae famflaes. The government bm no aaswer for this. I

Our people’s demand is that the government 4 must take fuD responsibility for housing. That all r must be gjven good homes. That bouaes must be 1 properly maintained.

The new bousing deal does not satisfy this. It I just shifts the responsibility for houses outo the | backs o f the people.

We must make the government listen to us. We can only do tha if we unite in our cm cs to | fight for our rights

shacks_____ , , V V'.fefrom uaoe I own.

ALL over the country. the government is trying to sell bouses to Africans.. But ia the Western Cape, Africans have aever been allowed to own their bouaes, because they've aot aDowed to own land

The government has aot dadded whether they wfl] allow a 33,66 or 99 year leaav oa the bouaes. If they do have a leasehold. It wfl] prob- babiy only be ia Khayelitsha.

Even if you have a 50 year leasehold, you can be evicted after 30 yean. It is not real home ownership, because the government still owns the land.

As one Langa resident •aid, “ Mot: o f us don't have the money to buy bouses. Why does the government talk so much about srHinf

“ W e did r fo r Kliaya

There are aot even enough bouses to vent We just want more bouses, and the right to stay in them.**

Tbe government does aot want to spend more money on houses. Since 1977, only 160 bouses were built la Langa. Guguletu and Inyanga. Thousands of people am on the waiting lists for bouses.

By 1990, 46 000 bouaes wfl] be aieeded. And in Kaya- rr.asdu aesr Stellenbosch,

r1'* v ’ ■ 7 ' *-• ^ •• r v s n x r t s M a r c h 1 9 8 4,This policy will just mean more evictions, more overcrowding, more slums— ' Cahac member * v ; ; *4 K

What will “new deal” bringTHE g^rrem eat'i ne» b x u i poLry u tr>TT4 tc forcr pfar t tc bu> bouse i Wha w£, tha ne» dea. m o : for us*WHc wfl* get C oun ci1 houses

earring kss tsar RISC per b k u wl. cr: small, d*/rr eocnrJ

T h r »w * m j r D o n r » i t otsr fro tr t h e : bosses or fro tr the povernm ent to bu y hnu»r* O r tbey b u t buDd then

k . ' fee* car * t a ffo rd th_»*R e n ts w ill g o u p

T W pew em m ert k s o v s that our * u nr t tc* lu t tbey wiL put up our m u . to C l ir us tr.) the house

TW povemmen! has i s : be for? tint ■o oar should pi> Bore than 1/4 of their B so o e for res*. lu t near* half the council t m .*3 pr> more than that. o o » . And b h i ? the rest will d c t u k for a£ tenants who won't or cas't buy their houses

At the boss eel, rents f t worked out freer the wapes o f the mam wage earner b the family. From July. Jtao will be b w d oc the income o f the whok f am fly - ar • dher o o a q the famfl) feu w i b e oo w ttw L

Mr Dl Pieaaa o f Grassy fart told us T pay 134,60 peT month for rent. Is J*}y I v £ be paying R53.90 per month

here stayed nearly the

Maintenance wfl! 9 0 up

no* frotr JU ). the) wiL dereas i b^he- ma^-’.esarse fees

U- D . Ptessr. who u*ed to pa- * : ^ h u i s g e k o o p het.. :.'‘ r f .! Ate*- Lduw van Clarks Estate hot

sV^bestuit om haar huis te kocp. Dit is t£, \ S . haar stone. . ^

i f V E K iMt Unk br m d d o ’■ k »rw (tbty.I |Ht M a n n r f w W w I m m ' i m » . Dm bnluit

t ask tsha!”

enfr, • • « »o»t nu»CTl w h o r *°e * fcaflt

r*o» w i *•w ',l\ r & Klurtbalu. ■ “ oty" of oot-« u « K * d noatd on * k Iu 40 kn

t K « from Cap* T »— Tbey U*t• A l l * ihrcjtrotJ ac iprool lU

r A fruns u d *-n ir Ukid wI Liurehtihl Al £ peoplf »9I

Ek k n R5 0 0 0 M D w » ■ dac o u n d k aual k c l D n k n » a « r l KS0. Elk* naand kal om «* * » « » » ap " * — ■« *•

» R300, kal

“We won’t pay for their mess!’

:W 't c c i i n . v x r o ^ f W T

THE pom om ent has made a mess out o f bousirtf. Now they expect a to pay for this We refuse to do thn! We n y NO to the “new” housing dent!”

THIS b the message' o f tbe Laaipkk-Veldiift areapeople - a messape re- caDed a meeting to protestpeated agais and again against rest increases, l e asee the government intro- cause o f these iscTeases.duced its new deal. AH many peopk paid aover tbe country. people deposit o f R300 in earlyhave come together to January for their houses,protest against fhe new They h m still not

deal 120 4 from Cape areas such a lonnievak m i ahoorn

Some of

• Last month, over 2 000 people came to a meeting tn Oudtshoors. They rejected the management committees and the sak

*1 have paid for my house over and over again" one resident aaid. “ Why must I now spend more mooey to buy a broken down bouse?

• b> June last year. 1500 peopk came to a CAHAC meennp Peopk spoke of the sak o f bouses as a ~new trick to dmde us**.

“Houamj a tbe povern- meat's responsibility” (bey saad. “ Why must we pay for their mess up? They ^end 1200 million on defence to protect apartheid Why don't they

s to tbo 11150pc

ISO peopk volunteered spend that oo bousesto organise actios against • In January this yearthe se » deal. CAHAC organised a work-• Angry recdents is the ahop to discus the sew

1. The p ^ only give ha earning k s 1 month.2. Rents an<wiH increase3. Fewer fmbu ilt.4 . Tbe 51 m the waiting tx w £ have tbuiTld ther c « r houses

spending 1 d h b 6 c' rand on advrsssp. t B ak e us b n j . We w £ n c befooled.

The peogue ae sayjri with one w ee. D ecec housing a a e ngi: hi

rent and m*Lr= will not pa> isc s bad houses sc* 1

e x . m healthy

Studentsm ust;-'organiseMsyioi

THE I n M u R«pr»- B B t m Coumdl (SRC) m tW U m w of tfc* t a n C w i w r t y m • w > m il— fu:

to

-Norm»I»T tw u i administration

bolds as cnentaoor • te i as weL bet that only dean with student actm ass nawniT) rvks arc what truderu car do whec they leave unrvrrary

T h e SRC diffen b e try tc resih the fT^daoa and bang

te d to reality Axaso (Ax m im t o tb« campus About2000 s^naturas * t n

wfl; acx ta£ tb< stu dasts about tbe bed

t t C a c s b v “ la c

It b Mad* eter to students that tbry an ftnt aad foremoa: part aad pare*! of tbe oppressed comrr.uaity It ■ * n important for then to f c ou’ m :: these com- mur.:t:n tc organise

“ Fm yea: studentshave brrr introduced tc n . i x i cair.pji organisations. such as

Oacar Mpetha, prea « a t a f tbs United Democratic Front. aad Dr Alias l m mi % pet roe of tbs UDF, ^ofct

“ Students shouKnot only be mtrresred tt getting tber degrees Frredorr bo* , a degret tomorrow,** said U: N p ftu , tc a s'ordiLiOVBtlOt

He spotr oe tbe da> wber L*WC launched the L'DF's One M.Lli:>r Signature Campaigr or

Tbe campus m with porters

m i baanen aad tables * * n placed at M fer- aat porno for peopk to a p Men ben of com ■luxury organisations manned tbe tabiei

After Lfcr mass neet- Big. man> sruaer 3 stay- •d behuad aad voiwr- teered to he.lr * tt? s j r r - r r ca rp i^ r t the comrr.urjty

The SRC had many problems with tht ac- mmatratiOE

WILL NOT BESILENCED

A m b flacas * ■bald by tbi A n m Students Orgsnnataoea: tht o<Cape Towr

S p t i in taosed attbe ro.e o ' s=.3r ta and the thns o ' consrr.;- tiosStudtn* aupport t *• UDr$ Svnr-h/nr Cmrnpmryr Ourtng UWC* onmntattor

THE Fs=^r> Board of Natal C a ^ « j y has closed Sot a e unreer- Sty's M rb a . School

Tsou^r begs: when studera came beck to school m I w r y . TbeStudezo fa tx - that almoc hatf tbe second year ^ m had failed 28 " were allowed to s p c e t Aad in to wen told they bad only

askedtbe Martini StudentsK r p io a a t m Couadl (SRC) «d w t tbe Faculty Bom-d to dis

lu t tbr FacmJry loards reply was 6 * : tboae probkms w en aot urges.l Tbry refused to ■»eet tbe SBC- -

Tbe eu d cx a seat a petition tc tbe Faculty Board asfczg for a meets*. Tbs pen doc was agned by 471 atudesa (tberr an about MC ac. dents altogether. SdE the Faculr- Board refused to »ea a tc o e SRC.

A w tt m wasbeld on February 1. Hen the students decided to boycott a£ a w e s uadi

their problemi an aolvei. The aest day the SRC wst told that the Medical School wiD be daaed if students did aot return to classes Tbr students said that they were ready to fo back. But there had to be a meeting to dmcum tbe student problems.

On 3 February tbe Medical School was auddenly dosed aad tbe students w en forced to bare Tbry in n told that school will re-open oa 20 February. However. tbe miners:ty will decide who can come beck.

Tbe students and community an angry. A student said “ Last year the Vice-Principal told as that tbe SRC is bnportaaL That it is accessary for the Faculty Board to consult the SRC and have meetings with it. Now they an refusing to meet with us. They are behaving just like Sc he’s fnendi st Fort Han.**

Tbe students’ parents aad many pro*reu:ve organisations an fully behiad them. The pareno aad many pro-

organisadonsan fully behiad them. Tbe parents also agned a petzdon calling on the uaivemry to take bock then student sons and daughters.

Then oa 9 February a cnm committee was formed to try and sotve tbe problem Now the university is saying that they will only meet the SRC when students an back at school in late February.

The MSRC at Medical School is affiliated to tbe Aranian Students* Organisation (Aiaso). Aa Axaso member told Grassroots: "It looks hke aa tbe unjvemty administrations want to break

o f

they ever learn?ARROW o f Cod. by tbeCbinua prescribed for Std 9 pupils in Department of Internal Attain schools for 1984. Tbe Depan

banned at Durban-West- vHk and Medunss (Pretoria). We an not even allowed at Fort Han or Ngoye But we will not be sikneed. We have tbe students behiad us. We an determined to fight for our rights Only when our peopk have a aew South Africa based 00 the Freedom CharteT, will be be satisfied J"

1982.Two yean later tbe

books were bough! for R 70 OOC

Then. after two yean, and after spending aim, >1** Department decided tbe book was not aiit- abk Schools wen told to return e r̂ery copy.

By this time schools had stamped tbe books aad sxudeats had written their names in them Now they an aaeless, waiting for tbe bonfire

People an raising many questions and complaints at the Department’s actions.

“ What a waste’ R70 000 spent and

.burnt. And this. 0 a country when one in four children in tbe “ homelands** suffers fro m kwashiorkor or starvation, and thousands an homekas How are students aad teachen expected to respond to pleas o f lack o f funds for windows, equipment aad more schools, wber they aee tbe Department throw away R70 000” peopk an

SomeComplaining that tbe decision was not democratic. ‘The Department didn't consult us.” * they say. “ They have never consulted us on any o f their decxskxu. Have we ever been asked if we want any of the books they gne us year in and year out? O f course not. We cannot have s democratic department o f

taoe n a country whfre tbe maortry of people have ac democratic rights a: sL

Mar? kudents an aw an af tha la student m i youth organh satxxo tbry discuss both (be present problem! d education in South Africa and the load of education they want a tbe future.

la a democratic society, adecaaon will also be democratic Student!. w»~hrn and par-

v ents w£ make the v

GAYCO TO FIGHT CONSCRIPTION•'VOTE Toe* *oroe: Tom orrow' T ts m art of th* whxi C t v . c ' the Cape > OwC Co=g-i» (CAYCO) i i w - r poa wcrxanop

Oc Fe3TMT> 4. hrarcbej » th* CAYCO o k aa*e:ar:tO pitt tt ( K X O Cacrpocr cmr-rmf- “It ■ b*c omsxif Ji^r«cr.x^ dear tha: d r Soc*l A fn car. w a r 1 » be comiCf met* arc more mibrirucd". amd aae

T h e Sou* Afncar Dcfcr.cc F oes Froea* car be aeea ewrywhertThey w b « c parti playx* wi^ » chid- rcc aad xb atrying to andpeople -

mads ef

c per a atopto thyoutfc willapartheid’ "

Youth looked at acriptsoo ( means to a

T - r ' : - v - \ r i £ * x I

sot defend

aenpooo af aad UdamSADF k m 0 Bpt to divide th

It is a aenoui threat to the aoo-eaoaJ uaify which has bees buCt ta our organisation! overmany yean.

Abe enaaaipbon wiD destroy the family life of our commuiutm

It was feh that it to Important that wa edu-

SADF ao that they car carry the piraragr to the community

Tha education will take place through

Ide tape fUma, plays and

nber aaid that make sure that

and organaanani into -

“ w. Mm taThe workshop took foin an army (haf

a d e a so c to reci: and raprasaas our oppose all attempts to force our youth to aerve in the SADF.

An active campaign to aake peopk aware o f the SADPs actrnaes

Y O IT H Croc al feiherYouth CordiThe confrrenre was at

f in ~ F'- tc SC- o mor youth -groups through oc: the country

AT the cociereace werr represecumrs o ' the Cape Youth Congress (CAYCO, Sowetc Youth Ccagrea Aiexaader Youth Canjrw Pon Eluabeth Youth Congress, Lam oc m ix >outh Congress aad many others

Papers were deL*vered on the roie of youth a the Struggle, aulitansa&ar aei conaenpboe. and protf=~i aad the fururr of you^L

Delegates felt that problems faacg the youth were aaooca. coordinator. and comg.aaj- cataoc.. the pokoca.' (Lre:- tsoc of the you u sci kno» mi what are the interests of youth

The conference do-

about tha >ok o f the we draw aaaiany people was alao agreed apoa

Matroosfontein forms youth

youth groups w the mme lep oc could be m contact with each other.

The aiflitarisaoor of South Afncan Soorry w a discussed and it w a decided to uae youth structures to educate people oc the issue of coescnptioc

Important reaotutaoes

aased at aferrrce

The youth auppor for the pa Namibia a the: for free don*.

Another re sot-aae le jected the consrryaac of coloured and iad-r * a _ mtc the Sou it Defence Force me the mcreased military p a a u ia South Afnca Caafer- er.ee resolved tc appaee oonaenptjot

It was decide* tha: another coafererse woeJd be called next ye* ao

youth and to darxa the poa»;hitaes of a i formation.

Conference : prorogate the Qianer as the the struggle The framexz Charter w a drav-r ac at the Congress of the Pupte m U ptow n 12 195 i

“This conference m a aE aspects very nap cn u t for the future of ym ± m South Afnca that youth important role to pto? a our struggle for 1 from oppressor: pJoitanon,” aaid « gate afterwarda.

A NEW youth meat has been ft m Matrooafootein

"For too long the youat peopk o f Mat

his," aaid • ■w abrr o f the Matrooa- foatem Youtfc Movement (MATRYM)

Matrym will he having a dance ia the St Nicholas Hall, Elsies

oa March 9. youth o f Matrooa-

THE Kaaamgtoa/Fati reton branch o f Cape Youth Coagress (CAYCO) wfl] be going on a merobenh aoon.

Two events wU be orpnisHl. Oa Wedaes- day March 7 a moaic evening w il he held ia the F ^ orten Comr^p-

airy C eaot alwting at

A Faa Ron wfl] be

501755 ar come to the Community Centre oa Moodayi or Wednesdays between 8 p jn and 10 p ja .

River,Another faadraixing event will be held in Durham Way. Matrooa- fontein on March 3.

The youth movement wffi ha^e its official launching oa March 11 in the Matrooafootein Cine Centre.

"We must remem ber that we must aaite We have a cotcm oc experience o f exploitation, discrimination and opp-

a member

• To attempt to im- prt7*T the kvmg con-

* To build up a strong nommuaiTy aad youth9tat.• To work with other

Aires o f the youth move meet include e To work in the interests o f the residents aad

MATRYM intendsto joiL up with the Cape Youth Congress (CAYCO)

For mare mfor- buooc about the youth aovement. contact Tarsia (93-18870), Richard (931-3797) or Jerome (931-9063)

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"Dm * is b i t wat van wyd en syd kom om h itf by CAP te kom aansiuit Die o o m b ficc toe ba«e ton ons hier anfe- s a p het, her ons we/kom gevoeL Ons a*ord fo ed o p f d e i en alma/ hdfp on moed/g mefcaar m ' —

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our ones, trato un^ ,, youth orj*iju:>onj a d to UDF. » t k »o » tto: • t are v t l orguoatd We calkd for tto iu&r> o f woiDes.

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r r rUkunyuka kwerafu '

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2 ê t L ijnSic t u 274c

»1>4 AI1j«2

I b I M *1**!* Ammr*mo ,______m mo- ya m k m u jaj a^Bv^LLtM H>. Ommyr l l II <

_____ W * i »— nltao m -M i athk k . tUDF «oi«Jr F a d j

—. . ____. oke up ■t Beetaaps It wts oaly to UWO mcttinp that poopk feit they

w r o ?Omt

■m s roots I n k 1964

grassrootsSUBSCRIBE NOW

Crtssroots Sebcrtption Rates:lid African Ovrwas

Individuals R20 00 R3C XOrcanisatiCTi K X t t

PA i U :. ATMIDUE T7SC

AOOPES!

WTA.COOL .

JAFFERSM O T O R S

SUSY CORNER

v i c t o r : 1, r o a d , g r a s s y p a r kP M O N L 7 2 -8 2 6 9

' SERVICE STATION ’ HIGH CLASS WORKSHOP REPAIRS

“ SUN- RECTRON IC TUNE UPS

PARKFAIRNATIONAL

DISTRIBUTORSart) u d . *

r n t m fcOAD OtONHAVEN PHONES 67-0019. 67-9112/3

OGARETTIS &. TOBACCO DtSTUBUTORS

GENERAL WHOLESALE MERCHANTS .

w o r k e r ...........h e a l t h ......... . s t u d e n t — h o u s i n g —

WHEN you buy something for cash, for example, when you walk, into a cafe and bu> • loa ' o f bread, you become the owner as soon as you ha*e paid the purchase price.

But when you buy something and pay in instalments, for example. »her. you boy • T V tet on hire-purchase, you don ’t become the owner untO all the instalments have been paid

And although the good* you have bought may be d e lv e red to y ou . i f you d o n ’ t finish pay ing all the instalments, the teDer o f the goods on hire-purchase can fo rce y o u to return the goods. And the paym ents may g o on over a long time so that y o u may not be sure o f exactly h ow m uch you 'v e paid and how much you still have to pay . v

These articles are going to show some o f the problem s peop le have bad buying g o o d s o n hire-purchase: m ost o f these exam ples have com e from tbe files o f d ifferen t com m uniry advice offices.

(Hire-purchase b referred to as h-p. in m ost cases.)

_____STEENBERG

Steeaberg Off** demit

A dvice

K iSM G TSU reH M ARK ET

i f - AVBsUE. g r a s s y p a b kK M 73-7402. 77-7214

-

Departments: FRUIT S V E G , DEL!, BUTCHERY. BAKERY

MON. - THURS: 8a.m. to 7pjn FRIDAY: 8am. to 9p.m.

SATURDAY: 7a.m. to 5p.m.

CREDIT CARDS ACCEPTED AMPLE FREE PARKINGSpecie- discount to

Pensioners on Pension Day

The Problem

Mrs Peters was en I courage d by a salesman I to have a photo enlarge d I and framed at a studio I She peid a deposit and | then a monthly mstal-

**t-But Mn Peten did

_ot wcetve- the photo I al thou f t she was paying I regularly

She was aot given a I copy o f the contract or

receipts for tbe money | sent to the studio.

Action

taken by

office

The advice office worker phoned the studio end asked for a copy o f the contract

I and a statement show- how much Mrs

had paid and much ehc still I

. The studio did aot send this.

The advice worker ! then wrote a letter say-

ma that Mrs Peters ; would make no further

s until she ow much d »

| still owed.Th* studio answered

tha letter. But accord- I w y .| to the statement I they sent, Mrs Peters I had already paid R20 [ too much.

The advice worker uy r wrote another letter to the studio and

by Mn PetersThe letter demanded

that the studio tend the . photo immediately a d that they b u st pey back the extra R20.

Seen thereafter Mn Peten seceived the photo and the R20.

Th ings to

remember

1. Id - copy of A* M ; 'tract ?'2. Make asre that you je t receipts for all the

.-money you pay... 3. Keep your receipts

for aD the money youp«y- \ -

- 3 . Keep your receipts and keep a record of how much you've paid altogether.

•4. Ask when you will aecerre your foods. If you don’t receive them an that date write- to the shop and sey that you wiU stop paying antQ you pet

Mr Oliver, a______ . i l lfreeze from a salesman on h_p Included in the contract was a Benefit Protection Plan. He w a told this meant that all payments would fall away if Mr Oliver died while sti£ paying for the deep-freer t-

Later Mr Oliver did die. while still paying.Him widow, Mn Otaver, inherited the freer er and informed the seller, but accoutns for the ana

kept on her and the firm am

“The Adviser d aw er- ed the Benefit Protection Plan had a deuxin it saying that it is aot available to pensonen.Therefore this part o f ^ u the contract .that Mr ^Oliver signed w a in fact meaningless' But the Advwer mcseeded in germg the firm to reduce (he payments to an amount Mn Obver could afford wmd to ate.

Interest oa rs payments

-1. Read you 'anfullyL If you a p s M contract at yesr home it b not bin dm satS 5 days have paami 3. If you o n - mrt

cr s ^ s or what the mumia.* is —nfnf you aaac: the contract, aet for a copy Read r Through in your owr mne or

it wixx a friend nr your u a a e n ^ advice offks before tynw f your im s on it

List;of AdvicerOffices. thatcanhelpwito H irrP u rc h a s e 'p r^

o f the counterfoils of the postal order* sent

SALT RIVER WORKERS ADVICE OFFICE: Thnas open: Fridays 3 to 5 JO pm .

Saturdays 9 J 0 to 1 p.*. Address * 7 Junction Building

. 3 J

l a v e n d e r h il l a d v ic e o f f ic eTimes open: Saturdays 9 to 1 p m " Address Lavender H2! Communiry Centre

Grindal Drive Lavender HiB

ffrm rvFi D XDV1CE OFFICESaturdays 9JO am . to 1M - enr Amrntion A Heidevea Rd. Hesdereld Town Centre Tal: 434-3515

WOODSTOCK ADVICE OFFICE:Times open. Saturdays 11 ajn. to 3pm. Address St Mary's Church ha£

Woodstock

Collection Number: AK2117 DELMAS TREASON TRIAL 1985 - 1989 PUBLISHER: Publisher:-Historical Papers, University of the Witwatersrand Location:-Johannesburg ©2012

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