Vulnerabilities - CordAid

8/9/2019 Vulnerabilities - CordAid

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Disaster Risk Reduction:

Beyond Microcredit?Presented By: Rusty Binas

Beyond Microcredit: A Wholistic Approach to Poverty Eradication

Orientation on Community Managed Disaster Risk ReductionApo view Hotel, Davao City

July 29-30, 2010


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Who is Cordaid

80 years emergency aid andstructural povertyeradication;

Almost 1000 partners in 36countries;

Annual budget Euro 170m,of which Euro 30m foremergency aid

Netherlands based


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UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction

Hyogo Conference on Disaster Reduction forJanuary 18-22, 2005


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December 26, 2004

Tsunami hit the

Indian Ocean


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January 18-22, 2005

UNs International Strategy for Disaster Reductions

Hyogo Framework for Action (2005-2015):Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities

La

ndM

ark


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168 Countries Adopted

UNs International Strategyfor Disaster Reductions

Hyogo Framework forAction (2005-2015):Building the Resilience ofNations and Communities
http://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/africa.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/antarctc.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/asia.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/europe.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/namerica.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/samerica.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/caribean.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/caribean.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/arcticoc.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/arctic.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/indian.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/natlantc.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/npacific.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/npacific.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/oceania.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/oceania.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/satlantc.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/spacific.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/southocean.htmhttp://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/world.htmhttp://www.odt.org/Pictures/map%20image%20only%201200.jpg


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1. Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and alocal priority with strong basis for implementation

2. Identify, assess and monitor disaster risk andenhance early warning

3. Use knowledge, innovation and education to build aculture of safety and resilience at all levels

4. Reduce the underlying risk factor

5. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effectiveresponse at all levels

Hyogo Framework for Action


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world developmentdirection was

shifted frompoverty reductionto disaster riskreduction.


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The MillenniumDevelopment Goal(MDG) is now being

defined by the UNagencies from the DRRperspective. Their

thesis is that the MDGwill never be attainedunless disaster risk is

address.

As long as these risks isnot being reduce,

achieving progress inpoverty reduction,social equity

improvements andsustainable economic

growth may be

seriously jeopardized.


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UN System Moving Towards DRR

UNDP, UNICEF, ISDR, UN-OCHA and etc.are all talking about DRR. Some areexpanding their program scope others createda position for DRR.


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Financial Institutions Shifted Gears Too!

World Bank Provention consortium (in the 1990s) specificallycreated to understand disaster and networking group to facilitatedisaster preparedness and quick response.

Year 2006, IDB (Inter-American Development Bank)circulated their DRR policy for consultation is a new DisasterRisk Management Policy(http://www.iadb.org/sds/ENV/site_2970_e.htm). This policy isintended to improve the Bank's ability to assist the borrowingmember countries in the attainment of their development goals insustainable economic growth, poverty reduction and promotion of

social equity, by supporting their efforts to proactively managedisaster risk. It will replace in its entirety the current Natural andUnexpected Disasters Policy (OP-704), which was approved in1999.

Asian Development Bank Set up their desk on DRR (first

quarter of 2006)
http://www.iadb.org/sds/ENV/site_2970_e.htmhttp://www.iadb.org/exr/pic/VII/OP_704.cfm?language=Englishhttp://www.iadb.org/exr/pic/VII/OP_704.cfm?language=Englishhttp://www.iadb.org/exr/pic/VII/OP_704.cfm?language=Englishhttp://www.iadb.org/exr/pic/VII/OP_704.cfm?language=Englishhttp://www.iadb.org/sds/ENV/site_2970_e.htm


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The ECB Project - Inter-agency WorkingGroup on Emergency Capacity: Since March2005, these agencies and their partners are

jointly addressing issues of staff capacity,accountability and impact measurement, riskreduction and the use of information andcommunications technology in emergencies,with the aim of improving the speed, qualityand effectiveness of emergency response.For further information, visit

www.ecbproject.org

NGOs enriching themselves in DRR
http://www.ecbproject.org/http://www.ecbproject.org/


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AustriaBelgium: Caritas Catholica BelgicaEngland and Wales : CAFOD and Caritas - Social Action

GermanyIreland - where the Caritas agency is TrcairePolandPortugalScotland - where the Caritas agency is SCIAFSwitzerlandThe Netherlands - where the Caritas agency is CORDAIDUnited States - Catholic Relief ServicesCanada - Dveloppment et Paix /Development and Peace - Caritas CanadaAustralia

Donor Agencies Open Windows for Funding

DFID, GTZ, European Union, etc.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caritas_Catholica_Belgicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAFODhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caritas_-_Social_Actionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%B3cairehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCIAFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Netherlandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CORDAID&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://www.crs.org/http://www.devp.org/http://www.devp.org/http://www.crs.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CORDAID&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Netherlandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCIAFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%B3cairehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caritas_-_Social_Actionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAFODhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caritas_Catholica_Belgicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austriahttp://www.caritas.org/


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So What is DRR


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Building from the assumptions


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Is Disaster Natural?


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Disaster is an act of manPeople have control


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Number of disasters registered in EM-DAT(Emergency Events Data Base)

1900 - 2005


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Causes of disasters are closely associated withunsustainable development patterns whichincrease the risk faced by large sectors of society.Its all about changing power relations, decisions

making, access to resources


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It tackles unresolved issues indevelopment and centered aroundcapacity development and

releasing peoples potentials.

the end state is people becomeresilient


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DRR espouses building resilient

communities, guided by thefollowing principles:

Recognition that

communities haveaccumulatedknowledge inaddressing hazardevents andnavigating fromtheir adverse

conditions


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DRR Principles

Recognition that communities are survivorsrather than victims


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Recognition that basicrights are foundation of

safety

DRR Principles


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Recognition thatcommunity

organizations aremechanism for

successful disasterrisk reduction

initiatives and that thegovernment is a majorplayer

DRR Principles


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Recognition that

communities haveto takeresponsibility for

their most at riskmembers

DRR Principles


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Recognition that it isthe communities that

decide if they are in astate of disaster: ifthey could not copeand need outside

help or they cancope and have thecapacity to face thechallenge

DRR Principles


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Recognition that resiliency

is not merely accumulatedphysical assets or securedlivelihood. Resiliency isthe will to survive and

claim his/her rights to bemembers of just andequitable society.

DRR Principles


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Clarifying the dividing line


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Clarifying the dividing line

DRR DM

Towards resilient

individuals, family,community, society

and nations

resolving theunsustainabledevelopment

patterns

Towards saving

more lives andreducing the

impact of the

hazard


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Clarifying the dividing lineDRR DM

Activities

Building the foundation of safety:through activities that will espouse basic

rights to be fully delivered.

Building disaster risk reductionmeasures; through activities that willreduce disaster risk such as hazard

prevention and mitigation andeliminating or reducing vulnerabilityfrom the hazard through buildingindividual survivability and communityreadiness

Systems in place to savelives and reduce the damage


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Clarifying the dividing lineDRR DM

When hazard events strikes:

All internal capacities are being use tocope from the hazard events. No need

for external help because internallyhave capacities to cope. Hazardmanagement!

All actions that will useexternal help beside internal

capacitiesInsiders could not cope thatneed outside help

If all the set up contingencyplan requires further

assistance from the outside,resource mobilization fromthe outside is activated

Damage assessment and needs analysis is adeterminant if the situation is to be declared disaster meaning community needs an outside help because

the situation is beyond their capacity

Emergency Response


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An emerging framework fordevelopment and a tool


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Hazard

Those based in nature:earthquakes,droughts, floods, avalanches, etc.

Those based in violence:war, armed

conflict, physical assault, etc.Those based in deterioration:

declining health, education and othersocial services; environmental

degradation, etc.Those based in the failing of

industrialized society:technologicalfailures, oil spillage, factory explosions,fires, gas leakages, transport collisions.


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VulnerabilityIs hazard specific and in the eyes of a hazard weare equally vulnerable if we are living in the samelocation but the capacity to cope is another story


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Releasing Potential Power ofthe People

Capacities refers to individual andcollective strength and resources that

can be enhanced, mobilized andaccessed, to allow individuals andcommunities to shape their future byreducing their disaster risk

People are the foundation of a nation.Our only chance for a lasting peace onearth: the release of the strength of thecommon man. Human Ascent

Dr. YC James Yen


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Resolving underlying causes

of disaster risk

Capacities are analyzedas the interaction of the

resources and accessto these resources bythe different groups atrisk and theoverarching systems

and structures thatdecrease or increasethe capacity to confrontthe disaster risk.


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We want to see the framework ofdevelopment and a tool applied at the

community levelour center of gravity


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Relief breedsparasitesrelease developpartners

True independence is not agift to be received. It cantbe hand out to people. Itmust be an achievement of

the peopleDr. Y.C. James Yen

Community ManagedHow?

Operations withoutresearch is stagnant,

Research withoutoperations is sterile


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It means people analyzed their risk and translated thisinto disaster risk reduction measures. A functionalcommunity organization emerging to implement the DRR

plan and an M &E & Learning system that measuresthat indeed disaster risk is reduced.


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Time O Time End

Risk Assessment And Analysis

Risk Reduction Measures

Development Plan Contingency Plan

Community organizations who will implement the plan

Tools tomeasure ifRisk isreduced?

14

2

3


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WHY? BecauseDisaster are local.

People in the community themselves are theaffected and the first responders

Global Warming Climate adaptation happenslocally

People are the foundation of nation etc


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Because we are resolved that if it works

DISASTER will become a history


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But the challenge is how to make this areality at the community level


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in our context we

have layers toreach at the

community level

Engaging Sustainable Structure


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Stronger

Community Support System

Government, NGOs

Implementing Partner Organization

Engaging Sustainable Structure


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with appropriate channel and accompaniment

---actions in the ground will happen


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We will probably see that it can bedonethis is the time that we become

irrelevant


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DRR Cordaid Strategic

ProgrammingStarted in 2004

Climate hazards + other hazards

All similar approach, howeverimplementation in practicedepends on local situation

Different levels: community, partner,

local government, otherstakeholders

Being mainstream in other sectorse.g. Health, Microenterprise


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The Role of Microfinance and MFIs

Building uponcommunity resiliencythrough developing and

facilitating financialproducts that wouldhelp individual andcommunity to surviveand bounce back

e.g. savings, cropinsurance, riskassessment, inclusion

of high risk individuals


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Why it is important for MFIs and

their client

Hazard Resistant/Resilient

MFIs products Client investment

Resiliency is not economic

empowerment alone

Disaster can be prevented.


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The Road to Disaster Resilience is far from overThank You Very Much!

Vulnerabilities - CordAid

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