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VulcanicityF.2 Geography
Lesson
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ContentsThe formation of a volcano
Types of volcanoes
The distribution of volcanoes
The hazards and benefits of vulcanicity
Questions
Activity: Making a paper volcano model
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The formation of volcanoes
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Magma beneath the crust forces its way to the lines of weakness
Line of weakness
The formation of volcanoes
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Layers of lava
Magma
The magma reaches the Earth’s surface through the lines of weakness which is then called lava
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Lava cools and forms hill called volcano
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Now, you can take a look at the whole process(automatic animation) once
again.
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Types of Volcanoes
~extinct
~dormant
~active
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Extinct Volcanoes
-Volcanoes which haven't erupted since recorded history and show no signs of ever erupting.
Types of Volcanoes
e.g. Kohala, Hawaii
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Dormant Volcanoes-Volcanoes that have not erupted in historic time but probably will erupt again.
e.g. Mauna Kea, Hawaii
Types of Volcanoes
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Active Volcanoes
-Volcanoes that have erupted in historic time.-e.g. Mount St. Helens
Hualalai
Types of volcanoes
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North America
SouthAmerica
Asia
Australasia
AfricaPacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Indian Ocean
Do you know where do my friends live? My friends live all over the WORLD!!
Click here to continue.
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ASIAASIAMt. Fuji
A dead volcano
Japan's highest and most noted volcano
Its growth began with a period of voluminous lava flows from 11,000 to 8,000 years before present (BP)
The last eruption in 1707 ejected andesitic pumice and formed a large new crater on the east flank.
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North AmericaNorth America
Mt. Adams
a dormant volcano
one of the largest volcanoes in the Cascade Range
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Mt. Krakatoa
an active volcano
the eruption in 1983 caused a large damage on human lives and property.
frequent eruptions since 1927
AUSTRALASIAAUSTRALASIA
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South AmericaSouth AmericaMt. Cotopaxi
one of the most active in the world
most well-known volcano
the most violent historical eruptions took place in 1744, 1768, and 1877.
The last significant eruption took place in 1904.
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AfricaAfricaMt. Etna
an extinct volcano
has the world's longest documented record of historical volcanism
Historical lava flows cover much of the surface
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The hazards of vulcanicity1. Release of poisonous gases1. Release of poisonous gases
Photos showing the emission of poisonous gases from the volcanoes.
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The hazards of vulcanicity
2. Fire hazards2. Fire hazards
A photo of a fire hazard caused by volcanic eruption in the Philippines, 1995.
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The hazards of vulcanicity
3. Destruction of forests and farmlands3. Destruction of forests and farmlands
Forests were destructed by the eruption of volcanoes in Malaysia.
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The hazards of vulcanicity
4. Earthquakes4. Earthquakes
Destructions caused by earthquake
I’m very powerful!! I’m very powerful!! hehehehe
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The hazards of vulcanicity
5. Tsunamis5. Tsunamis
Tsunami in Hawaii in 1906
Oh! Very terrible!!Oh! Very terrible!!
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The benefits of vulcanicity
1. Tourist Attractions1. Tourist Attractions
Beautiful Fuji (above) and Aso volcano (right)
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2. Fertile soil2. Fertile soil
The benefits of vulcanicity
Basic lava gives fertile soil.
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The benefits of vulcanicity
3. Mineral deposits3. Mineral deposits
Volcanic rocks contain mineral deposits
sulphur
goldcopper
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4. Geothermal Electricity4. Geothermal Electricity
The benefits of vulcanicity
A power-generating plant using geothermal energy
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Hey, here comes the question time!
1. Which of the following types of volcanoes
can erupt ?
I. extinct volcanoes
II. dormant volcanoes
III. active volcanoes
A. I only.
B. III only
C. II and III.
D. All of them
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2. Which of the following countries lie
within volcanic belt?
I. Japan
II. The Philippines
III. England
IV. Indonesia
A. I only.
B. I, II, IV.
C. None of them.
D. All of them.
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3. Which of the following substances will be
emitted during volcanic eruption?
I. Water vapours.
II. Poisonous gases.
III. Lava.
IV. Mineral substances.
A. III only.
B. II and III.
C. I, II and III.
D. All of them.
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4. Which of the following hazards are
associated with volcanic activities?
I. Typhoons
II. Earthquakes
III. Drought
IV. Landslides
A. II only.
B. IV only.
C. II and IV.
D. All of them.
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5. Why do people still prefer to live in the
volcanic regions?
I. Scenic spots.
II. Volcanic eruptions are not frequent.
III. Lower population density.
IV. Lava gives fertile soil.
A. III only.
B. I and IV.
C. I, II and IV.
D. All of them. Click here to continue.
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Activity: Making a paper volcano model
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Now you all know more
about me and my family. Enjoy your lesson!!
Happy volcano!!!Bye bye…….
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Group Member:Group Member:Wan Wing Sze (Tracy) s995978
Chan Ka Ming (Jenny) s996281
Lee Wun Yee (Winnie)s997663
Tang Wing Hang (Andy)s996403
Chan Siu Wun (Betty) s997750