VR Introduction
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VR PrimerAdam ChenMay, 2016
Let’s Come to Terms
1. 3D• Slightly different images delivered to each eye produces a 3D, pop-out
effect. Some VR content is in 3D (usually games). Most are not.2. AR – Augmented Reality• Computer graphics superimposed in front of normal vision. AR does
not block regular vision, instead, it adds detail to it. • For example, an item’s price and user rating may pop up while looking at it in
the store.
3. VR – Virtual Reality• The user has his eyes and ears completely blocked off to immerse him
in an entirely different 360 degree world. • The “virtual” world moves as the user moves in the real world.
3D EffectsThe pop-out effect in 3D movies is created by showing slightly different images to the right and left eyes. The brain interprets this as depth.1. Polarized or Active Shutter Glasses• A regular TV displays images at 60
frames per second• A 3D TV may alternate displaying right
side images and left side images, resulting in 30 frames per second to each eye.
• The glasses block out the left image from the right eye (and vice versa).
2. Old style Red/Blue Glasses• Red for left side content, blue for right
3D ProductsRecording in 3D usually requires 2 cameras to capture different images for each eye.1. Nintendo 3DS
• Glasses free 3D is achieved by using a parallax barrier that directs different images to each eye
• http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/nintendo-3ds5.htm2. Fujifilm FinePix 3D Camera
• http://www.fujifilm.com/products/3d/camera/finepix_real3dw3/3. 3D Phone Apps
• The app takes 1 photo;; The user moves the phone to the right, then the app takes another photo. It than stiches the 2 pictures together
The 3D effect can be seen when the phone is placed into a Google Cardboard headset that shows the left side of the screen only to the left eye (and vice versa).
AR Usage
Augmented Reality uses computer images projected in front of your normal view of the world. There are lots of useful applications.1. Highlighting dangers as you drive along the road2. Point out interesting details around you
• Like a person’s name and Facebook profile when looking at him• Or the history of a piece of art that you are looking at
3. Provide a virtual technical manual and overlay as you fix a car4. Design a new
product by seeing what it looks like in a real life setting
5. Playing games that interact with with objects around you
AR Products1. Google Glass2. Microsoft Hololens
• https://www.microsoft.com/microsoft-hololens/en-us3. Crayola Color Alive
• Kids’ coloring book where drawings come alive and fly around the real world.
• http://www.crayola.com/splash/product/colorAlive4. Nintendo 3DS Face Raiders Game
• Takes a picture of your face, turning you into a video game character.
• Shoot the character as it moves around your room
Virtual Reality Usage
VR blocks out your view of the world to produce a whole new environment for you to experience.1. A travel agent can show you what it is like to vacation in
Hawaii2. An architect can roam the new house he is designing
even before it is built3. Get a live aerial view from a drone flying over the city4. Accompany a group of parachutersas they jump out of
an airplane5. Watch the next World’s Cup as you roam the sidelines in
a virtual stadium6. Fight along side the Space Marines against a horde of
evil aliens
VR Basics
1. A 360 degree field of view is required• This calls for a special camera• https://theta360.com/en/• http://kodakpixpro.com/Americas/cameras/actioncam/sp360/• https://store.bubblepix.com/products/bubblescope
2. Head tracking is required• To move the displayed image as the user moves his head• Low latency and high refresh rate is very important to reduce motion
sickness3. 3D is optional• This means you don’t actually have to deliver separate images to each eye
– even though all VR headsets currently do this.4. Interactivity is hard when you cannot “see” your hands• Also the headset cannot sense when you walk
Google Cardboard VR
• Slide your mobile phone into a low cost plastic or cardboard case
• The case isolates the left side of the screen to the left eye and the right side of the screen to the right eye.
• Magnifying lenses increase the field of view and reduces eye strain from focusing so close up
• Special mobile phone apps use the phone’s motion sensor to track head movement
High End VR Headsets
• High end VR Headsets provide a screen and earphones to block out the world• These headsets are tethered to a content source
• Either a high end PC or Mobile Phone• Since the image is so close and immersive, display latency, PPI, and refresh rate are very important. Backlight bleed from the LCD panel can also be distracting.
• A smaller Field of View reduces nausea, but is less immersive. A person’s natural field of view is greater than 180 degrees
2016 VR Survey # Panels Panel size Resolution per Eye Refresh rate Panel Type PPI Field of
ViewOculus Rift 2 3.5 inch 1080*1200 90 AMOLED 456 110HTC Vive 2 3.5 inch 1080*1200 90 AMOLED 456 110
Playstation VR 1 5.7 inch 960*1080 120 AMOLED 386 100LG VR360 2 1.88 inch 720*960 <75 LCD 639 80
LeTV Super Helmet 1 5.5 inch 640*720 60 LCD 534 70
Oculus Rift
HDMI Source:PC or Console
Custom 4 meter 2in1 cable with USB and HDMIMIPI Panel1
Gyroscope
USB Audio
HDMI to MIPI
converter
BluetoothUSB Hub
MIPI Panel2
Display centered around a Toshiba HDMI to dual MIPI converter
LG VR360
• Portable VR display from a mobile phone• Lightweight. More like glasses than a headset.
• Display uses DisplayPort over USB-C
SlimPort RxANX7737 + ANX7402
Bridge IC
DisplayPort HDMI
Audio
MIPI-‐DSILG G5
Left
Right
SlimPort TxANX7816 + ANX7418
HMD
LG 360 VR
DisplayPort over USB-‐C
YouTube’s #360video VR Channel
• Users upload their 360 videos• View different parts of a video
by physically moving your mobile phone around
• Point your phone up to see the sky, down to see the ground
• Move the phone behind you to see “behind” the camera.
• Cardboard headset is optional
Portable Camera Stabilizers
VR can cause motion sickness, so stabilization during filming is important.
1. Traditional counterweight based stabilizers
2. Active gimbal stabilizers• http://www.amazon.com/dp/B016S282A8?psc=1
Bring Vision to Life®
