Volcanoes 12 3 Notes 08 09
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Transcript of Volcanoes 12 3 Notes 08 09
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Igneous Rock Features
• Igneous- “from fire”, one of 3 major types of rock • Most magma cools & solidifies underground to form
hard, very dense rock
– Result in different sizes and shapes of rock bodies that are visible at the surface when the overlying rock is weathered and eroded away
– Called intrusive when they form below the surface
– Slow cooling causes rock to have large crystals
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Most common are:
• Batholiths
• Dikes
• Sills
• Volcanic necks
also
• Calderas
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Batholiths
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Batholiths
Baja Batholith (southern CA)
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Batholiths
The largest intrusive rock bodiesCan be many hundreds of kilometers wide
and long, and several kilometers thick
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Yosemite National Park in CA
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Yosemite National Park in CA
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What is the difference between a dike and a sill?
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Dikes
Ship Rock, NM
Morocco
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Sills
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Sills
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Sills
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Volcanic necks
Devil’s Tower, WY
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Volcanic necks
• Magma inside vent hardens
• Softer rock of cone and surface weathers and erodes away
• Hard, dense igneous rock is exposed
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Calderas
an unusually large crater or the remains when the cone collapses into its own magma chamber
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Formation of Crater Lake
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