Volcanoes 01/22/13

Definition

• A volcano is an opening in a planet's crust, which allows hot magma, volcanic ash and gases to escape from the magma chamber below the surface.

How do they form?• Volcanoes form often at plate boundaries.

Divergent Boundaries form a . - Mid-ocean Ridge; or- Rift Valley

Convergent BoundariesOceanic – Continental Oceanic - OceanicTrench Mid-Ocean Ridge

creating an island arcAndes Mountains Japan; Hawaii

How do they form?• 3) Hot Spots: columns of hot

magma rising from a thin spot in the Earth’s crust. As the plate moves, so does the column of lava, creating island chains.

• Real life Example: HAWAII

Types: (nope they aren’t all the same)• Shield, Cinder Cone and Composite volcanoes.

So what does it look like?• http://lavapix.com/#/page/video-volcano/

Shield Volcanoes• Shield volcanoes slowly erupt. They are large in size and don’t

make huge peaks, they are more like a gently sloping mountain where one layer of lava cools hardens and another layer flows on top. Ex: Hawaiian islands.

• Video: http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=shield+volcano&view=detail&mid=258E9BE9D6A967D74421258E9BE9D6A967D74421&first=0&adlt=strict#view=detail&mid=D7D725889F4B649D733ED7D725889F4B649D733E

Shield Volcanoes - pictures

Cinder cone Volcanoes• Produces high viscosity lava with ash, cinders and bombs. • Explosive eruptions.• Form a cone like mountain.

Cinder cone volcanoes• Video: http://

www.bing.com/videos/search?q=cinder+cone+volcanoes&view=detail&mid=B8B605F2874028672739B8B605F2874028672739&first=0&adlt=strict#view=detail&mid=1CE981DEA3D53BF3F3061CE981DEA3D53BF3F306

Composite Volcanoes• Lava flows alternate with explosive eruptions of ash, cinder

and bombs. • They are tall, cone shaped mountains where layers of lava

alternate with layers of ash. • EX: Mt. Fuji, Mt. Saint Helens

• Video: http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=composite+volcano+&view=detail&mid=2CDF551F7B6426E174912CDF551F7B6426E17491&first=0&adlt=strict#view=detail&mid=6B50410E72C30DFB3A2D6B50410E72C30DFB3A2D

Composite volcanoes (also called Stratovolcano)

• Quick Write: If you were building a new house by a volcano, which type of volcano would be best?

• Done? Get out P-9 and get ready to check over your answers. Then help me pass back!

• Agenda:• Warm Up• Check P-9 / Questions• Binder Organization / TOC• Hawaii Hot Spot Modeling Lab

Video – Bill Nye models a volcano• http://

www.bing.com/videos/search?q=bill+nye+volcanoes&view=detail&mid=309A88E252D326BA779F309A88E252D326BA779F&first=0&qpvt=bill+nye+volcanoes&adlt=strict#view=detail&mid=5ACAD5362B938E2822885ACAD5362B938E282288

Reading• Pages 91 – 105.

• Look at the pictures.• Use the diagrams.

Anatomy (the different parts and what geologists call it)

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