oCTAVol. 38 No 2 Winter 2003

RNITHOLOGICA

/VtUSELJ/Vt A N D I N S T I T U T E O F Z O O L O G YPOLISH ACA D EM Y O F SCIENCES - W ARSZAW A

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ACTA ORNITHOLOGICA (http://www.miiz.waw.pl)

— Publishes scientific papers (original research reports, reviews, short notes, etc.) and announcem ents from all fields of ornithology. It is open for authors from all countries. The language of papers is English (with Polish summary). All manuscripts are peer-reviewed.— Founded in 1933 as Acta Ornithologica Musei Zoologici Polonici, since 1953 continued under the present title. Published now in two issues per year.— Distributed in 600 copies. Exchanged with over 250 scientific institutions in over 50 countries.— Indexed/abstracted by: C urrent Contents, Polish Scientific Journal Contents (http://ciuw.warman.net.p1/alf//psjc), Biological Abstracts, Zoological Record, Ecological Abstracts, Wildlife Review Abstracts, Ornithologische Schriftenschau, Pascal — Zoologie, Referativnyi Zhurnal.

PUBLISHER and © copyrightMuseum & Institute of Zoology [Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN]Wilcza 64, PL-00-679 Warszawa, POLAND, e-mail: actaorn@miiz.waw.pltel. (48 22) 6293221, telefax -6296302Bank account: PBK SA, XIII O/Warszawa, no 11101053-401050001016

EDITORS (address — see Publisher):Maciej L u n ia k — Editor-in-chief Tomasz D. M a z g a jsk i — Associate Editor Wiesław N o w ic k i, Łukasz R e jt — Assistant Editors

Editorial Advisory BoardJerzy B aŃ b u ra — University of Łódź, POLANDJoerg B o e h n e r — Technical University of Berlin, GERMANYDario C apizz i — University of Pisa, ITALYKrzysztof D m o w sk i — University of Warsaw, POLANDAndrzej E lż a n o w s k i — University of Wrocław, POLANDMarcel M. L a m b re c h ts — Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS,

M ontpellier, FRANCENicolay S. M o r o z o v — Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of

Sciences, Moscow, RUSSIAPeter S e n n — Gdańsk, POLANDWiesław W a la n k ie w ic z — University of Podlasie, Siedlce, POLAND Tomasz W e s o ło w s k i — University of Wrocław, POLAND

Cover design by Jerzy D e s s e lb e rg e r Birds' drawings by Tomasz C o f t a

INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS — see the last page.

SUBSCRIPTION and orders for back issues see the form enclosed beside the last page.[Prenumerata i zamówienia egz. archiwalnych patrz wszywka przy ostatniej stronie]

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BIRD NUMBERS 2004 MONITORING IN A CHANGING EUROPE

16th International Conference of the European Bird Census Council(6-11 SEPTEMBER 2004, KAYSERI, TURKEY)

The European Bird Census Council (EBCC), Erciyes University, and Doga Dernegi (DD) are pleased to invite you to attend the 16th International Conference of the EBCC, which will be held in Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey from 6 to 11 of September, 2004.The conference aims to share knowledge of all aspects of bird monitoring across Europe and is open to those with interests in the following related issues:■ Monitoring: sampling design, field methods and analysis■ Monitoring using capture techniques■ Monitoring conservation action and policy■ Accession to European Union and Monitoring■ Pan-European Monitoring and Indicators■ Integrated Population Monitoring■ Atlas studies■ Modeling Bird Numbers and Distributions■ Monitoring ecological disasters■ Climate Change■ Setting conservation priorities■ Site or protected areas monitoring■ Citizen Science: Working with volunteersPlenary speakers on these topics will include: Franz Bairlein (Migration), Ali Stattersfield (Prioritisation of Species), Frank Gill (Citizen Science Projects), Carsten Rahbek (Complementarity and Biodiversity Hotspots), Brian Huntley (Climate Change), and Sancar Baris (Birds in Turkey).The official language of the conference will be English.Proceedings of the conference will be published in Turkish Journal of Zoology and edited by Dr. Uygar Ozesmi and Dr. Can BilginFor more information see the conference web page: http://www.kustr.org/ ebcc2004/

POSTAL ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCEBird Numbers 2004 Erciyes University ęevre Miihendisligi Boliimii, ęevre Bilimleri Anabilim Dali 38039 Kayseri TURKEY

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EDITORS' ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Editors thank to the following persons, who kindly contributed to edition of ACTA ORNITHOLOGICA in 2003 — by reviewing manuscripts or by serving lin­guistic help:

Michael A b s (Humboldt Univ. Berlin, GERMANY)Jerzy B a ń b u r a (Univ. of Łódź, POLAND)Joerg B o e h n e r (Technische Univ. Berlin, GERMANY)Marta B o r o w i e c (Wroclaw Univ., POLAND)Bruno B r u d e r e r (Swiss Ornithol. Inst., Sempach, SWITZERLAND)Dariusz B u k a c i ń s k i (Center of Ecology, Polish Acad. Sci., Dziekanów Leśny, POLAND)Przemysław B u s s e (Univ. of Gdansk, POLAND)Dario C a p i z z i (National Inst, of Forestry, Bologna, ITALY)Przemysław C h y l a r e c k i (Inst, of Zoology, Polish Acad. Sci., Warsaw, POLAND)Paweł C y g a n (Inst, of Ecology, Polish Acad. Sci., Dziekanów Leśny, POLAND)Barbara D i e h l (Inst, of Ecology, Polish Acad. Sci., Dziekanów Leśny, POLAND)Krzysztof D m o w s k i (Warsaw Univ., POLAND)Jean-Marc D r o u i n (Mus. of Natural History, Paris, FRANCE)Andrzej D y r c z (Wrocław Univ., POLAND)Andrzej E l ż a n o w s k i (Wrocław Univ., POLAND)Philipe Fayt (Univ. of Joensuu, FINLAND)Anita G a m a u f (Natural History Mus., Vienna, AUSTRIA)Jacek G o s z c z y ń s k i (Inst, of Zoology, Polish Acad. Sci., Warsaw, POLAND)Paul B. H a m e l (Southern H ardw ood Lab., Stonewille MA, USA)Piotr J a b I o ń s k i (Inst, of Ecology, Polish Acad. Sci., Dziekanów Leśny, POLAND)E.A. J a y s o n (Kelala Forest Research Inst., Kerala, INDIA)Susanne J e n n i - E i e r m a n n (Swiss Ornithol. Inst., SWITZERLAND)Leszek J e r z a k (Univ. of Zielona Góra, POLAND)Vladimir G r i n k o v (State Univ. of Moscow, RUSSIA)Olav H o g s t a d (NTNU M useum, Trondheim, NORWAY)Wojciech K a n i a (Inst, for Ornithology, Polish Acad. Sci., Gdańsk, POLAND)Alan K e m p (Transvaal Mus., Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA)Achim K o s t r z e w a (GERMANY)Grzegorz K o p i j (Agricultural Univ., Wroclaw, POLAND)Lechosław K u c z y ń s k i (Adam Mickiewicz Univ., Poznań, POLAND)Krzysztof K u j a w a (Center of Research Agricult. & Forest, Polish Acad. Sci., Turew, POLAND)Marcel M. L a m b r e c h t s (Centre d ’Ecologie Funct. et Evol., Montpellier, FRANCE)Federic L a u n a y (Environmental & Wildlife Agency, Abu Dhabi, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)Jan L o n t k o w s k i (Wroclaw Univ., POLAND)Peter K. M c G r e g o r (Univ. of N ottingham , UK)Tadeusz M i z e r a (Agricultural Univ., Poznań, POLAND)Nikolay M o r o z o v (Inst, of Ecology and Evolution, Moscow, RUSSIA)Michael M u e l e n b e r g (Univ. of Goettingen, GERMANY)Jacek J. N o w a k o w s k i (Warmia & M azury Univ., Olsztyn, POLAND)Jarosław N o w a k o w s k i (Univ. of Podlasie, Siedlce, POLAND)Tomasz S. O s i e j u k (Adam Mickiewicz Univ., Poznań, POLAND)Jan P i n o w s k i (Center of Ecology, Polish Acad. Sci., Dziekanów Leśny, POLAND)Pilai P o o n s w a d (Mahidol Univ., Bangkok, TFIAILAND)Trevor P r i c e (Univ. of Chicago, USA)Jerzy P t a s z y k (Adam Mickiewicz Univ., Poznań, POLAND)Krystyna S k w a r I o - S o ń t a (Warsaw Univ., POLAND)Barry P T a y l o r (Univ. of Natal, Scottsville, Pitermaritzburg, SOUTH AFRICA)

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Piotr T r y j a n o w s k i (Adam Mickiewicz Univ., Poznań, POLAND)Ludwik T o m i a ł o j ć (Wrocław U niv ., POLAND)Wiesław W a l a n k i e w i c z (Acad, of Podlasie, Siedlce, POLAND)Matthias W a l t e r t (Univ. of Goettingen, GERMANY)Tomasz W e s o ł o w s k i (Wrocław U niv ., POLAND)Karen W ie b e (Univ. of Saskatchevan, USA)C. John W i n g f i e l d (Univ. of Washington, Seattle, USA)Andrzej W u c z y ń s k i (Inst, of N ature Conservation, Wroclaw, POLAND)Aleksander W i n i e c k i (Adam Mickiewicz Univ., Poznań, POLAND)Zbigniew W o j c i e c h o w s k i (University of Łódź, POLAND)Dariusz W y s o c k i (University of Szczecin, POLAND)Claudia Z a h n (Veterinarian Univ., Hannover, GERMANY)Tadeusz ZAjąc (Inst, of N ature Conservation, Kraków, POLAND)Piotr Z i e l i ń s k i (Univ. of Łódź, POLAND)Karol Z u b (Inst, of Research on Mammals, Polish Acad. Sci., Białowieża, POLAND)

T. Cofta

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SUBSCRIPTIONOrders and information: Museum & Institute of Zoology in Warsaw (see Publisher and address overleaf). Bank account: PBK SA, XIII O/Warszawa, no 11101053-401050001016 Prices (in 2003) include surface mail postage, for air mail add extra EU 5 (USD 4) per issue: Individual - EU 35 (USD 30) per year (two issues), institutional - EU 75 (USD 65). Back and archival issues at discount prices.Payment: by cheque, money order or by credit card. New subscribers and persons/institutions send­ing orders will receive an invoice.Please fill in an order card below and mail it to the address overleaf

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ACTA ORNITHOLOGICA Museum & Institute of Zoology Wilcza 64PL-00-679 Warszawa POLAND

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INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS[Redakcja na życzenie wysyła polską wersję instrukcji]

ACTA ORNITHOLOGICA publishes papers - original research reports, reviews, short notes, etc. - that have not been published or subm itted elsewhere. Prior to acceptance for publication, all type­scripts subm itted will be scrutinised by com petent, usually anonym ous, reviewers. All papers sub­m itted to ACTA ORNITHOLOGICA should be written in good English; if need be, the text should be edited by a com petent native speaker of English before submission. Three (3) hard copies of the complete typescript should be sent to the Editor.

1. The typescript should be double-spaced. No right justification, no paragraph indents, no under­lining or any highlighting (e.g. bold, different-sized font) should be used, w ith the possible excep­tion of data in tables. H eadings should not be centred, nor should they end w ith a full stop. The English names of bird species should begin w ith capital letters. Their Latin nam es should also be given w ith the first usage in the text. The Latin nam es of genera and species should be in italics (but not in parentheses), higher taxa in norm al font. Words at the end of lines should not be divided. Footnotes may be used only on the first page.

2. The title page should be arranged in the sequence: 1) title, 2) author's full given nam es and fam­ily nam e, 3) author's (authors') address(es), 4) abstract, 5) key words, 6) suggested running title.

3. The title of the paper should be as brief as possible and provide general inform ation (e.g. the problem or subject studied) and particular identification (e.g. place, habitat, years).

4. In the postal address, the institutional affiliation of the author(s) and the name(s) of the coun­t r i e s ) should be in English. The e-mail address is recom m ended.

5. The abstract (up to 200 words) should not repeat inform ation from the title. It should be a brief statem ent of the m ethods applied and the m ain results, rather than a list of the paper's contents. It should be complete in itself w ithout reference to other parts of the paper. Scientific (Latin) names (not the English names) should be used if they have not already been given in the title.

6. The text should be concise and form ulated in short sentences. It should not repeat data present­ed in tables and illustrations. The results of the work, and the w ay in which they were obtained, should be described in the past tense, but regular or perm anent situations (e.g. geographical loca­tion, general habits of the species) should be in the present tense. Avoid "em pty" phrases, like "it should be noted that...", "it is interesting that...". Do not use long sentences in parentheses: use com­mas or semicolons instead.

7. Dates and numbers: dates should include the m onth as a w ord or abbreviation, and the year(s) in full. The com ponents of dates and other num erical expressions should be separated by spaces: e.g. 3 Oct. 1999,3-5 May 1999,1990-1999, 3 p/10 ha, pp. 3-10,10 km, N = 2 + 5, x = 7 ± 0.1. Decimal frac­tions should be w ritten w ith the decimal point, not a comma.

8. Citations of bibliography should be m ade w ith the author and year system. Examples: one author - reported by Taczanowski (1882), (Taczanowski 1882); two authors - according to Dyrcz & Wink (1999), (Dyrcz & Wink 1999); more than two authors - the figures given by Dyrcz et al. (1984), (Dyrcz et al. 1984). Multiple references should be given in chronological order of authors according to the years of their first publications cited, e.g. (Rydzewski 1935, 1979a, 1979b; Czarnecki 1954, 1979). Papers "in press" may be cited and listed in the References section only if they have been formally accepted for print. Personal communications, works in preparation and unpublished data should be cited in the text w ith the author's initials (e.g. inf. J. Kowalski, J. Kowalski - unpubl. data). M.Sc. and Ph.D. theses m ay be cited in the References section. Tables and figures should be cited in the text w ith Arabic num erals, e.g. Table 3, Tables 1 and 3, Fig. 3.

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9. Tables and figures should be kept as straightforw ard as possible and should be understandable w ithout reference to the text. The same data should not be presented in both tables and illustrations, nor should either of these repeat inform ation given in the text. Taxa listed in tables should by iden­tified by their Latin nam es only. Captions and headings should be as short as possible, w ithout foot­notes. Figures and legends w ithin larger figures should not be framed. Comments and inform ation concerning m ethods should be in the body of the text, not in figure captions or table headings. Tables should be printed without vertical lines. Each table (with its heading and explanations) should be printed on a separate sheet, and all figure captions should be printed together on a sepa­rate sheet. For preference, figures should be produced using com puter graphics. If they are to be scanned, they m ust be of an appropriate quality, i.e. draw ings should display contrasts, the lettering and other details m ust be large enough to rem ain legible after reduction in printing. Illustrations in colour, for which a charge is made, require the Editor's individual consent. The author is obliged to supply copyright permission for tables or illustrations published elsewhere if they are to be repro­duced in the same or similar form.

10. References cited in the text (see "Citations") should be listed (no indents and no right side justi­fication) in alphabetical order according to the patterns below. Titles of journals should be abbrevi­ated as in the World List of Scientific Periodicals, or full nam es should be used.

Journals: Dyrcz A., Tomiałojć L. 1974. Application of the m apping m ethod in the m arshland habi­tats. Acta Ornithol. 14: 348-353.

Books: Cramp S., Simmons K. E. K. (eds.) 1983. The birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. II., Oxford Univ. Press., Oxford.

Chapters: Pinowski J., Zajac R. 1990. Damages to crops caused by birds in Central Europe. In: Pinowski J., Summers-Smith J. D. (eds.). Granivorous birds in the agricultural landscape. PWN, Warszawa, pp. 333-347.

Titles of works originally published in languages other than English, French or G erm an (e.g. Polish, Russian, Spanish) should be given only in the English translation [in square brackets]. References w ritten in a non-Latin script (e.g. Cyrillic) should be transcribed according to the international rules (ISO). The author is responsible for the accuracy of the references cited.

11. The summary will be translated from English into Polish by the Editor. It should be no longer than 2 pages and should refere to the tables, figures and, if necessary, the bibliography in the "References".

12. A computer record (IBM compatible format) of the typescript should be subm itted, together with one complete printed copy, w hen the final version of the paper is accepted for publication, i.e. fol­lowing corrections recom m ended by reviewers and the Editor. Word for Windows, Excel and Corel Draw are recom m ended. Graphic files should include the original data in ASCI format.

13. The galley proof will be sent to the corresponding author, w ho should re turn the revised ver­sion to the Editor as soon as possible by fax or e-mail.

14. Reprints. The corresponding author will receive 25 copies of the paper free of charge. Orders for further copies - charged at current prices - should be sent to the Editor with the revised galley proof.

15. Copyright. Acceptance of the typescript for publication m eans that the right to publish the whole paper or any substantial part of it is transferred to the Publisher. This applies to all media.

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An International Journal of Faunology. Issued since 1930, now as a semi-annual. Publishes the results of original studies, review articles and syntheses devoted to knowing fauna, its differentiation, distribu­tion and transformation. Peer-reviewed. Listed abstracted in: Zoological Record, Biological Abstracts, Biosis, Pascal, Referativnyj Zhurnal and Polish Scientific Journals Contents (Agric. & Biol. Sci.). Annual subscription: institutional: USD 60, personal: USD 40.E-mail: jolawyt@miiz.waw.pl

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The journals are available through the Library of the Museum and Institute of Zoology, PAS, Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warszawa, Poland; E-mail: libr@miiz.waw.pl. Payments by Visa, MasterCard, Eurocard, Diners Club Intl., or American Express; checks payable to > M useum and Institute of Zoology PAS<; bank account PBK SA, XIII o/Warszawa, No. 11101053-401050001016

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Acta Ornithologica 38 (2). Winter 2003Contents [Spis treści]

Bird casualties on European roads - a review [Śmiertelność ptaków na drogach Europy] . . .....................................................................................................................................E r r i t z o e J., M a z g a j s k i T. D., R e jt Ł.

The abundance of tree holes and their utilization by hole-nesting birds in a primeval boreal forest of Mongolia [Obfitość dziupli i ich wykorzystanie przez ptaki w pierwotnym lesie tajgowym M ongolii].................................B a i M.-L., W i c h m a n n E, M u h l e n b e r g M.

Temporal characteristics of night bird migration above Central Israel — a radar study [Nocna dynamika przelotu wędrówkowego ptaków nad środkowym Izraelem — badania radarowe] ................................................................... D i n e v i c h L., M a t s y u r a A., L e s h e m Y.

Vertical stratification and its relation to foliage in tropical forest birds in Western Ghats (India) [Rozmieszczenie pionowe ptaków lasu tropikalnego w zależności od warstwowości listow ia] J a y s o n E. A ., M a t h e w D. N.

Effect of time of season and neighbours on singing activity in the Corn Bunting Miliaria calandra [Wpływ terminu w ciągu sezonu i sąsiadujących samców na intensywność śpiewu potrzeszcza] ................................................................. O l i n k i e w i c z A . , O s ie j u k T. S .

Repeatability of egg dimensions within the clutches of Bearded Tit Panurus biarmicus [Powtarzalność wymiarów jaj u w ą sa tk i] S u r m a c k i A . , S t ę p n i e w s k i J., Z d u n i a k E

Aerial hunting behaviour of the Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni during the breeding season inThessaly (Greece) [Zachowania łowieckie pustułeczki w okresie lęg o w y m ]........................................V l a c h o s Ch., B a k a l o u d i s D., C h a t z i n i k o s E., P a p a d o p o u l o s Th., T s a l a g a s D.

Nest sites and conservation of endangered Interior Least Terns Sterna antillarum athalassos on an alkaline flat in the south-central Great Plains (USA) [Miejsca lęgowe i ochronarybitwy małej (ssp. athalassos) na alkalicznej równinie w stanie Oklahoma, U S A ]........ W i n t o n B. R., L e s l ie D. M. Jr.

Breeding biology of the Hooded Crow Corvus corone cornix in Warta river valley (W Poland)[Biologia rozrodu wrony siwej w Parku Narodowym "Ujście W arty "]............................ Z d u n i a k E, K u c z y ń s k i L.

SHORT NOTES

Effects of nest characteristics on breeding success of Great Tits Parus major [Wpływ cechkonstrukcji gniazda na sukces lęgowy bogatk i]..................................................................... A l a b u r d z iń s k a J., K a l iń s k i A., S Io m c z y ń s k i R., W a w r z y n i a k J., Z ie l iń s k i E, B a ń b u r a J.

Diet of Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis chicks in an intensively managed farmland in South Africa [Pokarm piskląt czapelki złotawej w krajobrazie rolniczym Oranii, RPA] . . . . K o p i j G.

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