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Vocabulary

Form & function

Cube CubicSphere spherical

Cylinder CylindricalCone Conical

Triangle TriangularRectangle RectangularHexagon HexagonalPentagonPyramidSpire spiral

SymmetricalOrnamentalFunctional

ColourfulAustereAuthoritative

Mosque MinaretChurch Tower, spire, domeSynagogue

Temple

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Housing & EnvironmentInner cityUrban livingSuburbia suburbs suburbanCommuter beltGreen belt

Rural communityFarming communityFishing community

Commercial areaIndustrial estateShopping center/mallResidential areaSocial housing housing estate council housingCommunal housing schemeAffluent/wealthy/high income/prosperous area wealth,prosperity

Disadvantaged/ deprived area or neighbourhood poverty

Leisure facilities/amenitiesSports facilitiesWater sports

Built up areaHigh density housing

Detached house (single house not attached to another house)Semi-detached house (UK) duplex house (USA) (2 houses underone roof)

Terrace housing (row of houses)House on stilts over the riverOld peoples homeNursing homeCare for the elderlyRetirement village

Non-existent/ lack of/ poor public transportAdequate/good/excellent public transport

River banks overflow floodingFlood plains dykesRiverfrontRiver delta river estuary tributaryInland/upriverFertile land/good agricultural landBuilding land/lots/plots/sitesRiver transport CanalReservoir ( for storage of drinking water for towns and cities)

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Inadequate/lack of water supplypolluted water supply

Motorway (UK) freeway (USA) arterial road main roadLocal roadsRing roads

Bypass

Building developmentsDemolish existing buildingsLevel a siteLay foundationsApply for planning permission or safety certificatesConnect to electricity gridInstall sewerage system/piping/sanitationAccess to water supplyAccess to riverPoor quality/sub-standard materials/construction/ housing

Waste/garbage disposal

Social issues

Crime criminal criminality crime rateMurder Murderer

Theft ThiefPickpocketing pickpocketMugging muggerDrug addiction drug traffickersPoor/Ill health

Lack of/Poor educationSecurity/safety

Income disparity/Income inequality/differenceUnemployment unemployed/JoblessHomeless sheltered housing for homelessPoverty relief/welfareChild labour

Decrease/reduce/become lessIncrease/expand/grow/intensify

Evict from (throw out of a house )Evacuate (empty a building, airplane or area)Relocate Note: could be for a positive reason!

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Prepositions

In a classroom/building/sports hall/arena/airport/train station/the corridorIn the playgroundOn the floor/walls/ceiling/tennis court/table/riverbank/sports filedOn the roof/the grass

In the sun/shade/rainy season/monsoonIn the past

Buy/purchase at a high price

Drop offchildren at schoolPick up children from schoolIt accounted for 80%

Phrases from presentations

The main objective/aim of my thesis/ research was toTo maintain/keep the original character ofthe focal point wasnot typically Japanese..traditional housesovercapped walkwaysupport beamscommunal washroomsSince 2000 we have

The population is decreasing slightly/gradually

The population increased rapidly/has doubledA multi-purpose space/room

To block out the (traffic) noiseRice fieldsDrama school

To use a dramatic context