VOCABULARYVOCABULARY

LIFE ZONES LIFE ZONES

OF THE OCEANOF THE OCEAN

PLANKTONPLANKTON

THE LARGEST GROUP OF THE LARGEST GROUP OF ANIMALS OR PLANTS (THEY ANIMALS OR PLANTS (THEY FLOAT ON OR NEAR THE FLOAT ON OR NEAR THE SURFACE) SURFACE)

NEKTONNEKTON

FORMS OF OCEAN LIFE FORMS OF OCEAN LIFE THAT SWIMTHAT SWIM

BENTHOSBENTHOS

ORGANISMS THAT LIVE ON ORGANISMS THAT LIVE ON THE OCEAN FLOORTHE OCEAN FLOOR

PREDATORPREDATOR

ORGANISMS THAT EAT ORGANISMS THAT EAT OTHER ORGANISMSOTHER ORGANISMS

PREYPREY

ORGANISMS THAT GET ORGANISMS THAT GET EATEN EATEN

INTERTIDAL ZONEINTERTIDAL ZONE

THE REGION THAT LIES THE REGION THAT LIES BETWEEN THE LOW AND BETWEEN THE LOW AND HIGH TIDES, SOMETIMES HIGH TIDES, SOMETIMES OCEAN AND SOMETIMES OCEAN AND SOMETIMES DRY LAND. ALSO KNOWN DRY LAND. ALSO KNOWN AS AS THE LITTORAL ZONETHE LITTORAL ZONE

SUBLITTORAL ZONESUBLITTORAL ZONE

EXTENDS FROM THE LOW EXTENDS FROM THE LOW TIDE LINE TO THE EDGE OF TIDE LINE TO THE EDGE OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELFTHE CONTINENTAL SHELF

NERITIC ZONENERITIC ZONE

THE VOLUME OF WATER THE VOLUME OF WATER THAT COVERS THE THAT COVERS THE CONTINENTAL SHELF CONTINENTAL SHELF

PELAGIC PELAGIC ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

THE ENTIRE VOLUME OF THE ENTIRE VOLUME OF WATER IN THE OCEAN AND WATER IN THE OCEAN AND THE MARINE ORGANISMS THAT THE MARINE ORGANISMS THAT LIVE ABOVE THE OCEAN LIVE ABOVE THE OCEAN FLOOR. ALSO CALLED FLOOR. ALSO CALLED THETHE OPEN OCEAN OR OPEN SEA OPEN OCEAN OR OPEN SEA ZONEZONE

EPIPELAGIC OR EUPHOTIC EPIPELAGIC OR EUPHOTIC ZONEZONE

TOP LAYER OF THE OCEAN TOP LAYER OF THE OCEAN WHERE ENOUGH SUNLIGHT WHERE ENOUGH SUNLIGHT PENETRATES TO ALLOW PENETRATES TO ALLOW PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO OCCUROCCUR(PHOTOSYNTHETIC (PHOTOSYNTHETIC ZONE OR PHOTIC ZONE)ZONE OR PHOTIC ZONE)

MESOPELAGIC ZONEMESOPELAGIC ZONE

TWILIGHT ZONE-SOME TWILIGHT ZONE-SOME SUNLIGHT PENETRATES SUNLIGHT PENETRATES BUT NOT ENOUGH FOR BUT NOT ENOUGH FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO OCCUR OCCUR (DISPHOTIC (DISPHOTIC ZONE)ZONE)

BATHYALPELAGIC BATHYALPELAGIC ZONEZONE

PART OF THE OPEN OCEAN PART OF THE OPEN OCEAN ZONE THAT EXTENDS FROM ZONE THAT EXTENDS FROM THE CONTINENTAL SLOPE TO THE CONTINENTAL SLOPE TO ABOUT 2000M, ABOUT 2000M, (APHOTIC)(APHOTIC)LIGHTLIGHT DOES NOT PENETRATE THIS DOES NOT PENETRATE THIS ZONE ZONE (BATHYAL ZONE)(BATHYAL ZONE)

ABYSSOPELAGIC ZONEABYSSOPELAGIC ZONE

ABYSSAL ZONE- ABYSSAL ZONE- PART OF THE PART OF THE OPEN OCEAN ZONE EXTENDING OPEN OCEAN ZONE EXTENDING FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE BATHYAL ZONE TO THE ABYSSAL BATHYAL ZONE TO THE ABYSSAL PLAIN, PLAIN, (APHOTIC) (APHOTIC) NO LIGHT AND NO LIGHT AND FREEZING. ALSO KNOWN AS FREEZING. ALSO KNOWN AS THE THE ABYSSABYSS

HADALPELAGIC ZONEHADALPELAGIC ZONE

HADAL ZONE- HADAL ZONE- (APHOTIC)(APHOTIC) DEEPEST BENTHIC ZONE, DEEPEST BENTHIC ZONE, WHICH CONSISTS OF THE WHICH CONSISTS OF THE FLOOR OF THE OCEAN FLOOR OF THE OCEAN TRENCHES, AND ANY TRENCHES, AND ANY ORGANISMS FOUND THERE. ORGANISMS FOUND THERE. GREATER THAN 6,000 METERSGREATER THAN 6,000 METERS

WAVES, CURRENTS, AND WAVES, CURRENTS, AND TIDESTIDES

THE 3 BASIC MOTIONS OF THE 3 BASIC MOTIONS OF OCEAN WATEROCEAN WATER

WAVESWAVES

THE UP AND DOWN MOTION THE UP AND DOWN MOTION OF THE OCEAN OF THE OCEAN

WAVELENGTHWAVELENGTH

THE DISTANCE FROM 1 THE DISTANCE FROM 1 WAVE CREST TO THE NEXT WAVE CREST TO THE NEXT OR 1 WAVE TROUGH TO THE OR 1 WAVE TROUGH TO THE NEXT NEXT

CRESTCREST

THE HIGHEST POINT OF A THE HIGHEST POINT OF A WAVE WAVE

TROUGHTROUGH

THE LOWEST POINT OF A THE LOWEST POINT OF A WAVE WAVE

WAVEHEIGHTWAVEHEIGHT

THE VERTICAL DISTANCE THE VERTICAL DISTANCE BETWEEN THE WAVE CREST BETWEEN THE WAVE CREST AND THE WAVE TROUGH AND THE WAVE TROUGH

TSUNAMISTSUNAMIS

TIDAL WAVESTIDAL WAVES

SURFACE CURRENTSSURFACE CURRENTS

CONTROLLED BY: GLOBAL CONTROLLED BY: GLOBAL WINDS, CORIOLIS EFFECT, WINDS, CORIOLIS EFFECT, AND CONTINENTAL AND CONTINENTAL DEFLECTIONS (GULF DEFLECTIONS (GULF STREAM), WARM AND COLD STREAM), WARM AND COLD WATER CURRENTSWATER CURRENTS

CORIOLIS EFFECTCORIOLIS EFFECT

EARTH’S ROTATION CAUSES EARTH’S ROTATION CAUSES SURFACE CURRENTS TO SURFACE CURRENTS TO CURVE TO THE RIGHT IN THE CURVE TO THE RIGHT IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AND THE LEFT IN THE AND THE LEFT IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERESOUTHERN HEMISPHERE

GLOBAL WINDSGLOBAL WINDS

WINDS BLOWING ACROSS WINDS BLOWING ACROSS EARTH’S SURFACE CAUSING EARTH’S SURFACE CAUSING SURFACE CURRENTSSURFACE CURRENTS

CONTINENTAL CONTINENTAL DEFLECTIONSDEFLECTIONS

WHEN SURFACE CURRENTS WHEN SURFACE CURRENTS MEET CONTINENTS THEY MEET CONTINENTS THEY ARE DEFLECTEDARE DEFLECTED

DEEP CURRENTSDEEP CURRENTS

DUE TO TEMPERATURE AND DUE TO TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY, DENSITY OF SALINITY, DENSITY OF WATER CHANGES CAUSING WATER CHANGES CAUSING DIFFERENT CURRENTS TO DIFFERENT CURRENTS TO RUN AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS RUN AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS AND SPEEDSAND SPEEDS

LONGSHORE CURRENTSLONGSHORE CURRENTS

CURRENTS THAT ARE MORE CURRENTS THAT ARE MORE PARALLEL TO THE PARALLEL TO THE SHORELINESHORELINE

RIP TIDERIP TIDE

CURRENTS THAT RETURN CURRENTS THAT RETURN TO THE OCEAN IN A TO THE OCEAN IN A POWERFUL NARROW FLOWPOWERFUL NARROW FLOW

UPWELLINGUPWELLING

RISING OF DEEP, COLD RISING OF DEEP, COLD WATER CURRENTS TO THE WATER CURRENTS TO THE OCEAN’S SURFACEOCEAN’S SURFACE

EL NINOEL NINO

PERIODIC CHANGE IN THE PERIODIC CHANGE IN THE LOCATION OF WARM AND LOCATION OF WARM AND COOL SURFACE WATERS IN COOL SURFACE WATERS IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN THAT THE PACIFIC OCEAN THAT AFFECTS WEATHERAFFECTS WEATHER

SWELLSWELL

ROLLING WAVES THAT ROLLING WAVES THAT MOVE IN A STEADY MOVE IN A STEADY PROCESSION ACROSS THE PROCESSION ACROSS THE OCEANOCEAN

WHITECAPSWHITECAPS

A WHITE, FOAMING WAVE A WHITE, FOAMING WAVE WITH STEEP CREST THAT WITH STEEP CREST THAT BREAKS IN THE OPEN BREAKS IN THE OPEN OCEAN OCEAN

STORM SURGESTORM SURGE

LOCAL RISE IN THE SEA LOCAL RISE IN THE SEA LEVEL NEAR SHORE LEVEL NEAR SHORE CAUSED BY STRONG WINDS CAUSED BY STRONG WINDS FROM A STORM- OFTEN THE FROM A STORM- OFTEN THE MOST DESTRUCTIVE PART MOST DESTRUCTIVE PART OF A HURRICANEOF A HURRICANE