9 th literatureVOCABULARY

Text: any arrangement of wordsGenre: category of literatureMajor Genre: prose, verse, dramaMinor Genre: specific subdivisions of

major genreNarrative: text that tells a story

9/6—LITERARY TERMS

Colleague— (N) a person somebody works with. Especially in a profession or skilled job. (syn: coworker, associate, partner).

Omission--(N) something that has been deliberately or accidentally left out or not done (syn: oversight, slip)

Syntax--(N) the ordering of and relationship between words and other structural elements in phrases and sentences (syn: structure, rule)

Reluctant--(adj) feeling no willingness or enthusiasm to do something (syn: unwil l ing, hesitant)

Insomnia—(N) inability to fall asleep or to remain asleep long enough to feel rested (syn: sleeplessness, restlessness)

9/6 VOCABULARY

Review:Copy and fill in the blanks: lazy : industrious :: ____ : enthusiasticco-worker : _____ :: supervisor : managersentence structure : _____ :: pattern : designasthma : breathless :: _____ : tired inclusion : _____ :: fatigue : energy 

9/10

Word relationships.

hot : cold :: tall : _____worker : factory :: student : _____cold : winter :: hot : ____

narcolepsy : _______ :: anorexia : obesity game rules : board game :: _______ : grammar foe : friend :: rival : _______hesitant : _______ :: willing : enthusiastic foe : enemy :: _______ : exclusion

ANALOGIES

Prose: text written in standard paragraph form

Verse: text not written in standard paragraph form

Drama: text meant to be performed

Narrative: text that tells a story.

Plot: series of events that tell a story

Story Line: individual plot line (short stories usually have one, novels several)

9/10 LITERARY TERMS

Exposition: beginning of story, tells character, setting, mood

Central Conflict: basic problem of story

Rising Action: attempts to solve problem

Climax: solution to problem

Falling Action: events caused by solution

Resolution: reactions to climax

9/10 LITERARY TERMS

Main Idea--summary of the plot

Conflict--when the desires of a character are blocked

Internal Conflict--conflict exists in the mind of a character (requires a decision to be made)

External Conflict--conflict exists outside of the mind (requires an action to be performed)

9/10

Internal Conflict External Conflictperson vs. self person vs. person

person vs. society (machine)person vs. natureperson vs. supernatural

9/10

4. Set up short answer blocks on paper and respond to the following

1. Explain what gives value to a person’s life.

2. Can a person’s life lose value? Explain.

9/10

Because of John’s _____, he was tired and sluggish throughout the day.

Sarah had a phobia of water and was _____ to go in the pool.

The _____ of information caused much confusion.

Poor _____ made reading the letter very difficult.

Many of Frank’s _____ were at the company party.

9/13 VOCAB.

textGenreMajor Genre: Prose, Verse, DramaMinor GenreNarrativePlot: Exposition (setting, character, tone, mood),

Central Conflict, Rising Action, Climax, Falling Action, Resolution

Main IdeaConflict: Internal (person vs. self)/External (person

vs. person/society/nature/supernatural)Vocabulary

9/13 REVIEW

Symbol—something is itself and represents something else.

Ie:

9/17

Theme—general statement about life; may be positive or negative, never a single word, may or may not be desired.

9/17

Symbol Meaning (within the story) light shadow sleep café bodega

What is the theme of “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place?”

9/18

-Writing Prompt: In a short answer format state and explain the theme

of the story (what is the author trying to tell us about human life and how does he make that argument).  One quote from the story is necessary.

9/18

Useful Vocab:Sexton: a church, congregation, or synagogue officer

charged with the maintenance of its buildings and/or the surrounding graveyard.

Emblem: symbol

Synod: A council or an assembly of church officials

Ostentatious: characterized by pretentious, showy, or vulgar display

Indecorous: improper or ungraceful; unseemly

9/20

Opening Question: In a short answer explain whether pretending to be someone you are not is or isn’t harmful.

9/20

accord: (noun) agreement; consensus (verb) to agree; to grant something

swathed: (verb) to wrap somebody or something completely

unaccountable: (adjective) not answerable; inexplicable

perturbation: (noun) being disturbed; cause of trouble

venerable: (adjective) worthy of respect; revered; ancient

countenance: (noun): face or expression; composure

9/24 VOCAB

In a short answer identify one symbol from the story and explain what it means and why it is important.

(Be sure to answer using at least 6 sentences, due tomorrow)

9/24 HOMEWORK

1. soap : washed :: shroud : _____ 2. pleasant : unlikable :: disreputable : _____ 3. disagreement : dispute :: agreement : _____

9/25 VOCAB

Connotation:An associated or

secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit or primary meaning.

--emotional attachment

Denotation: Dictionary definition of a word.

9/25

Which word has a more positive connotation?

Ted’s Restaurant is furnished with (old, antique) furniture.

Mike’s (shabby, vintage) bike is black and gold.

A group of (loud, enthusiastic) students walk to school every day.

My parents argue (loudly, passionately) about politics over dinner.

9/25

1. She wanted to hide her feelings but she had a worried _____ that betrayed her emotions.

2. An unexpected test caused a _____ in the class with many students complaining.

3. Although records were kept, some of the funds were _____, which caused a shortage in the budget.

9/27 VOCAB

Main Character: principle participant in the storyMinor Character: maintains a limited role in the storyProtagonist: character that attempts to achieve or

change somethingAntagonist: character that attempts to stop someone

or somethingStatic Character: does not changeDynamic Character: changesFlat Character: limited in personality; stereotypeRound Character: well developed; many sides to

personality

9/27 VOCAB

In an Extended Answer explain what type of person Elizabeth is. Be sure to include information of what she is like at the beginning as well as at the end to note any change or not. Be sure to identify by the end of the response what type of character she is. (An extended answer is between 3-5 paragraphs)

9/27 HOMEWORK

august (adj) dignified and splendiddiffident (adj) lacking self-confidence; reserved or

restrained acrid (adj) pungent; sourperpetuity (n) perpetual condition; eternitydeprecation (n) criticism inextricable (adj) impossible to escape from, to

disentangle; extremely complexarchaic (adj) outmoded; no longer in ordinary

language; ancientcircumvent (v) get around restriction; out wit

somebodytemerity (n) audacity; boldnessmacabre (adj) horribly gruesome

10/2 VOCABULARY

Characterization: the act by which an author reveals character Direct: when the author directly states what type of person

a character is Indirect: when the author gives clues about what type of

person a character is

-says-appearance -thinks -what other characters say or think about them-does

10/2 LIT TERMS

Allusion: a reference to something outside the text that the reader is expected to know; provides additional information; may become a symbol.

Figures of Speech: comparison between two unlike things not meant to be taken literally

Metaphor: figure of speech in which something is said to be something else; metaphors may be implied.

Simile: figure of speech in which one thing is connected to another with phrases such as “like” or “as”

10/2 LIT TERMS

Personification: figure of speech where non-human things are given human qualities

Hyperbole: figure of speech that uses great exaggeration

 Point of View: the perspective a text is told from 1st Person: narrated by a character in the text 2nd Person: reader is in the text 3rd Person Limited: follows one character through the story 3rd Person Omniscient: follows all or most character 3rd Person Omnipotent: reveals thoughts of character 3rd Person Objective: narrates only what can be seen or heard

LIT TERMS 10/2

Identify the figure of speech covered in the previous slides:

1.) She was a fresh as a flower

2.) It took me four years to get to school this morning.

3.) The dew, like morning’s sweat, glistened in the sun.

4.) Life’s a journey, not a destination.

5.) Only the champion daisy trees were serene. After all, they were part of a rain forest already two thousand years old and scheduled for eternity, so they ignored the men and continued to rock the diamondbacks that slept in their arms.

EXERCISE

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate vocabulary words:

scorn : :: praise : applaud infinity : sporadic :: : intermittentold : new :: : freshmerry : Christmas :: : Halloweenpungent : :: sweet : sugary

10/4

Device Quiz for Extra Credit:1. When what is said is opposite of what is meant,

what type of irony is created? 2. How a writer reveals character is called what?3. A figure of speech in which one thing is said to be

another is called what?4. A great exaggeration is called what?5. A reference to something outside of the text is

called what?

10/4

(10 min.) Extended Answer: Explain the importance of human companionship in both previous stories and how each differ in what they imply about it. One quote (author, #) needed from both stories.

10/4