VLJ AVIONICSphil

8/8/2019 VLJ AVIONICSphil

1/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Phil Evans

Airspace, Network Planning andNavigation Unit

(APN) User Support Cell


2/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Aircraft Certification Standard

FAA Part 23 EASA CS-23

Same BASIC certification as a light piston aircraft

Currently 23 differences between EASA andFAA certification requirements


3/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Equipment to comply with JAR-OPS 1

SSR XPDR modes A/C/S and enhanced 8.33 kHz Comms

VOR

DME

ADF (unless opted out by OPR)

ILS (cat 1)

Marker Beacons


4/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Equipment to comply with JAR-OPS 1

Area Navigation System (B-RNAV) RVSM Compliance

Weather Radar

ELT 406 and 121.50 kHz

Note: Individual states may require extra equipment


5/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Optional Equipment

Stormscope Not required Radar Altimeter Not required

ADS-B Not required

TAWS B Not required

(E)GPWS Not required

CVR/CDR Not required

Moving Map Not required

**Note: Moving map useful for area navigation**


6/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Optional Equipment

SBAS APV 1&2 Not required WAAS Not required

P-RNAV compliance Not required (1)

ACAS II Not available (2)

(1) P-RNAV OPS procedures increasing in the EUR region. Somestates may require mandate for certain terminal areas.

(2) NOTE: ACAS II is not (yet) mandated for Light Aircraft ongoingsafety study.

(3) System architecture? Can it accept ACAS II????


7/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Avionic basics

VLJs have state of the art primary andsecondary flight displays. Clocks anddials have gone!

Screens are even bigger than those fitted tomany airliners

The first impression is that VLJ systems are

like those fitted to Boeing and Airbus, butthey are fundamentally different

Current AFM/POH and avionics OPS guides

contain over 1,000 pages of instructions


8/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Avionic basics

Aircraft attitude, heading and positioncalculation requires inputs from:-

Airdata computers, AHRS, three axis

magnetometer, database and GPS. Loss of GPS signals causes system to go

into DR mode, TAWS and Terrain Prox are

disabled and position calculations degraderapidly.


9/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Avionic basics

Accuracy and Integrity of navigation in DeadReckoning mode.

Under RTCA/DO-229C/DO-229D there are no

requirements for determining either theACCURACY or INTEGRITY of the navigationsolution during DEAD RECKONINGregimes.

Mitigations

May rely on gyros and raw ADC inputs.


10/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Avionic basics

In DR mode VOR/DME may be manuallytuned, if in range.

In remote areas en-route DR mode could

develop into an urgent situation becauseof rapid loss of position accuracy/integritydue to unavailability of ground basednavaids.

GPS signal input is essential for normaloperations.

? Assurance of continuity of positionaccuracy ?


11/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Avionic basics

Essentially single source nav system

No conventional inertial units fitted

No conventional FMS system fitted

Navigation unit cannot integrate DME/DMEsignals in order to provide a secondaryinput to a navigation resolution (as in aconventional FMS system)

Limited capability when GPS signal lost


12/16

VLJ AVIONICSConsiderations for P-RNAV

Not all precision RNAV procedures are

based on GPS positions. Many are based onFMS DME/DME

Best solution is to have GPS/DME/DME

inputs to the navigation computer or FMS

Lack of capability could deny access tocertain airfields/airspace

Lack of aircraft capability could causedelays whilst awaiting conventional

procedures (conventional procedures willbe gradually withdrawn)


13/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Future Performance Based Navigation

ICAO working group have defined conceptand implementation guidance in PBNWorking Draft 5.1 (Final) dated 7 March2007

Intention is to have defined globalstandards for navigation

Reduction in ground based infrastructure tosave money


14/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Future Performance Based Navigation

Minimum navigation equipment not yetdefined. GPS only may be OK but individualstates may require more redundancy

GPS/DME/DME IRU systems thought to bethe preferred choice for all phases of flight

GPS/Galileo would be ideal BUT-

(a) Will Galileo be ready in time?

(b) Current GPS systems will not work with

Galileo transmissions


15/16

VLJ AVIONICS

Performance Based Navigation Manual

Specifies aircraftRNAV performance in termsof:-

Accuracy - During navigation operations

Integrity - Malfunction of aircraft navigationis classified as a major failure condition

Availability

Continuity

Nav Signal meeting requirements

functionality

http://www.icao.int/pbn/Docs/9613_final_draft.pdf


16/16

VLJ AVIONICS-END

Eclipse single engine concept VLJ

VLJ AVIONICSphil

Documents

Transcript of VLJ AVIONICSphil