NIACIN

B3

Structure : Ring : pyridine 3-carboxy

Nicotinic acid = niacin

Nicotinic acid Nicotinamide

OPO3

•NAD+

NADP

NIACIN [B3]- SOURCE

1) Absorbed in small intestine(duodenum)

2) Low concentration : active transport

3) High concentration : passive transport

1) In dehydrogenation reaction (oxidation)

2) Respiratory chain

3) Energy

NAPH

4) Fatty acid synthesis

5) Purine & pyrimidine synthesis

6) Cholesterol synthesis

Nicotic acid

7) Vasodilation

8) Stimulation C.N.S

9) Decrease plasma lipid concentration

Niacin [B3]- DEFICIENCY

CAUSES

• Smoking

• Poor diet

• Kidney failure

• Older people

• Antibiotic

• Diabetes illness

Headache

Skin flushing تقرحات

high cholesterol

Niacin toxicity

Over

(1-3)

g/day

Uses

•Pellagra

•Heart attack

•Children

Lipoic acid

$ Sulfur contain vitamin

$ function : oxidation of -keto acid e.g. pyruvic acid

S

S OH

O

Uses

Diabetes

Anti-oxident

Anti-glycation agent

Mitochondria activetor

Structure : B-alanine & pantoic acid

CH2 C

OH

CH3

CH3

CH

OH

C

O

N CH2 CH2 CooH

B-alanine pantoic acid

Properties : Affected by heat

ACTIVE FORMS

Coenzyme-A

[CoA-SH]

Acyl carrier protein

[ACP]

COOH

SOURCE

1) Oxidative

2) Stimuli growth

3) Formation of active acetate (acetyl co)

4) Synthesis fatty acid

5) Synthesis acetylcholine

6) Synthesis cholesterol

7) Hermon

8) Acetyl carrier protein

1) Anemia

2) Sleeplessness

3) Abnormal growth

4)Fatty liver

5) Nervous manifestation

6) Gastrointestinal manifestation

7) Change in skin

Deficiency

Uses

• Diabetes

• paralytic ileus

• Hair

• burns at skin

• neuron