Vaigarai Velicham April 2010 Tamil Monthly Gulam Mohammed Darul Islam Foundation Trust
viswasa velicham
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{^m³knkv ]m-¸m
tIcf It¯men¡mk`bpsS
HutZymKnI aebmf hnhÀ¯\w
tIcf It¯men¡mk`bpsS BØm\Imcymebw
]n.H.kn. {]kn²oIcWw
5
Viswasa Velicham[Malayalam]
Translation of the encyclical LetterLUMEN FIDEI
Issued byPOPE FRANCISon 29th June 2013
Translated by Rev. Dr. George Kurukkoor, General Editor, POC Publications
Published byThe Director,Pastoral Orientation CentreSecretariat, Kerala Catholic Bishops’ Council, Kochi 25, Kerala, IndiaPhone : +91 484 2805722, 28058215,Fax : +91 484 2806214E-mail : [email protected], Website : www.kcbcsite.com
Copyright to The Publisher
Published on 5th August 2013
Printed at Don Bosco IGACT,Vennala, Kochi -28, Ph:0484 2806411
Copies - 5000Price - ` 40
©Pastoral Orientation CentreAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the Publisher.
DÅS¡w
anYy-bmb shfn¨tam?
hosï-Sp-¡-s¸-tSï shfn¨w
1. \mw kvt\l-¯nð hniz-kn¨p
1.1. A{_mlw: hnizm-k-¯nð \½psS ]nXmhv
(hn-izm-k-N-cn{Xw hnip² {KÙ-¯nð)
1.2. C{kmtb-ensâ hnizmkw
1.3. ss{IkvX-hn-izm-k-¯nsâ ]qÀWX
1.4. c£, hnizmkw hgn
1.5. hnizm-k-¯nsâ k`m-ß-I-cq]w
2. \n§Ä hnizkn¡pónsñ¦nð
\n§Ä¡p a\ÊnemIpIbnñ.
2.1. hnizmkhpw kXyhpw
2.2. kXys¯bpw kvt\ls¯bpw Ipdn¨pÅ Adnhv
2.3. hnizmkw tIÄhnbpw ImgvNbp-saó \ne-bnð
2.4. hnizm-khpw bpànbpw X½n-epÅ kwhmZw
2.5. hnizm-khpw ssZh-mt\z-j-Whpw
2.6. hnizm-khpw ssZh-im-kv{Xhpw
3. F\n¡p e`n-¨-Xv...
Rm³ \n§Ä¡v Gev]n-¨p-Xóp
3.1. k` \½psS hnizm-k-¯nsâ amXmhv
3.2. IqZm-i-Ifpw hnizm-k-ssI-am-ähpw
3.3. hnizm-khpw {]mÀ°-\bpw ]¯p-I-ev]-\-Ifpw
3.4. hnizm-k-¯nsâ sFIyhpw ka-{K-Xbpw
4. ssZhw AhÀ¡p-thïn
Hcp \Kcw kÖo-I-cn-¡póp
4.1. hnizm-khpw s]mXp-\-òbpw
4.2. hnizm-khpw IpSpw-_hpw
4.3. kaq-l-¯nse Pohn-X-¯n\v Hcp shfn¨w
4.4. kl-\-¯n-\n-S-bnð Bizm-khpw iànbpw
4.5. hniz-kn-¨-hÄ `mKy-hXn
6 7
hniz-kn-¡p ó-h³
Fñmw hyà-ambn ImWpóp
]cn-ip-²-]n-Xmhv {^m³knkv amÀ]m-¸m-bpsS {]Ya
Nm{In-I-te-J-\-amb "hnizm-k- sh-fn¨w' (Lumen Fidei) 2013 Pqsse 5þ\mWv {]kn-²o-I-cn-¨Xv. kmÀh-{XnI k` hnizm-
k-hÀjw BN-cn-¡pó ]Ým-¯-e-¯n-emWv hnizm-k-s¯-
¡p-dn¨v ]t{Xm-knsâ ]n³Kman Nm{In-I-te-J\w ]pd-s¸-
Sp-hn¨-Xv. hnizm-k-hÀj-¯n\v Hcp-¡-ambn 2011 HIvtSm-_À
11-þ\v s_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a³ {]kn-²o-I-cn¨ "hnizm-k-
¯nsâ hmXnð' (Porta Fidei) Fó A¸-kvtXm-enI teJ-\-
amWv hnizm-k-hÀjm-N-c-W-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v h¯n-¡m³
{]kn-²o-I-cn¨ GI-k-`m-{]-t_m-[\w. hnizm-k-hÀj-¯nð
ssZhnI Zm\hpw am\p-jnI {]hr-¯n-bp-amb hnizm-ks¯
kw_-Ôn¨v k`-bpsS B[n-Im-cn-I-amb Hcp {]t_m-[\w
Dï m-I-W-saóv B{K-ln-¨-Xp-sIm- ïmWv "hnizm-k -sh-fn¨w'
Fó Nm{In-I-te-J\w X¿m-dm-¡n-b-sXóv amÀ]m¸m hyà-
am-¡pI-bp-ïm-bn. 2013 Pq¬ 29-\v hnip² ]t{Xm-kn-sâbpw
]utem-knsâbpw Xn-cp-\mÄ Zn\-¯n-emWv amÀ]m¸m Xsâ
{]Ya Nm{In-I-te-J\-¯nð H¸p-h-¨-Xv.
a\p-jy-hw-i-¯nsâ ]mX-bnð Hcp shfn-¨-ambn ssZhw Xón-cn-¡pó
hnizm-k-saó Aaq-ey\n-[n-bnð Xsâ ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-còmsc
_e-s¸-Sp-¯m³ ]t{Xm-knsâ ]n³Km-an, Cósebpw Cópw
\msfbpw Ft¸mgpw hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp. (No.7)
8 9
Bap-Jhpw \mev A[ym-b-§-fp-apÅ Nm{In-I-te-J-\
-¯nse {]Ya A[ymbw hnip-²-{K-Ù-¯nse hnizm-k-N-cn-
{X-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw c ïmw A[ymbw hnizm-k-s¯bpw bpàn-
sbbpw kw_-Ôn¨pw aqóm-as¯ A[ymbw k`bn-eqsS ssI-
amäw sN¿-s¸-Spó hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw \memw A[ymbw
{]hr-¯n-bn-eqsS km£m-XvI-cn-¡-s¸-S-p-ó hnizm-k-s¯¡p
dn-¨pamWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨n-cn-¡p-ó-Xv. 60 JWvUn-I-I-fn-eqsS
hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn¨v ka-{K-ambn hnh-cn-¡pó "hnizm-k-
sh-fn¨w' Fó Nm{In-I-te-J-\-¯nð A¼-tXmfw B[n-
Im-cnI D²-c-Wn-I-fp-apï- v.
hnP-b-I-chpw ^e-Zm-b-I-hp-amb ss{IkvX-h-Po-hn-X-
¯n\v F{]-Im-c-amWv ss{IkvXh hnizmkw BtLm-jn-
t¡- -ïXv Fó-Xn\v Duóð \evIpó Nm{In-I-te-J\w
ssZhn-I-kp-Ir-X-amb hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn¨v hni-Z-ambpw
ka-{K-ambpw hnh-cWw \evIp-óp. hnizm-k-hÀj-¯nð
"hnizm-k -sh-fn¨w' \h-bp-K-¯nsâ kmaq-ly-Po-hn-X-k-c-Wn-
Isf Bßo-b-ambn {]tim-`n-¸n-¡pw. emL-h-_p-²n-tbmsS
ImWm--hpó Pohn-X¯nse Ah-Øm-hn-ti-j-añ hnizm-kw.
A\p-Zn\w _e-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw ]cn-t]m-jn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw
sNt¿ ï ssZho-I-Zm-\-am-Wv. hniz-kn-¡p-ó-h³ Fñmw
hyà-ambn ImWp-óp. hnizm-k-¯nsâ shfn¨w ssZh-
¯nð \nóv ]pd-s¸-Sp-ó-Xn-\mð AXv a\p-jym-Øn-Xz-
¯nsâ FÑm taJ-e-I-sfbpw kv]Àin-¡p-Ibpw {]Im-
i-]q-cn-X-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-saóv ]m¸ hyà-am¡-¡p-óp.
hnizm-k-¯nsâ {]`-h-Øm\w {InkvXp-hm-Wv. {InkvXp-
hnsâ Pohn-X-cw-K-§-fpsS KX-Im-e-kva-c-W-bnð Duón-\n-
ev¡pó hnizm-k-ssN-X-\y-amWv `mhn-Im-e-¯nsâ PohnX
N{I-hm-f-¯n-te¡v hy\-kn-¸n-t¡- -sXóv Xsâ {]Ya Nm{In-
I-te-J-\-¯n-eqsS efn-X-ambpw BÀP-h-t¯m-sSbpw {^m³
knkv ]m¸ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-ó-Xv.
ssZhnI kpIr-X-§-fmb kvt\l-s¯-¡p-dn¨v (Deus
Caritas Est) 2005-epw {]Xym-i-sb-¡p-dn¨v (Spe Salvi) 2007-epw
s_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a³ amÀ]m¸m Nm{In-I-te-J-\-§Ä
{]kn-²o-I-cn-¨n-cp-óp. s_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a³ amÀ]m-
¸m-bpsS ]mc-¼cyw ]n³Xp-SÀóv ssZhnI]pWy-§-fmb
kvt\lw, {]Xymi, hnizmkw Fón-h-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ
k`m-{]-t_m-[-\-¯nsâ ]qÀ¯o-I-cWw IqSn-bmWv {^m³
knkv amÀ]m-¸mbpsS "hnizmk shfn¨w' Fó {]mY-anI
Nm{In-I-te-J-\w. 2013 s^{_p-hcn 28-þ\v s_\-UnIvSv
]Xn-\m-dm-a-³ amÀ]m¸m Øm\-XymKw sN¿p-t¼mÄ Cu
Nm{In-I-te-J-\-¯nsâ ]Wn-¸p-c-bn-em-bn-cp-óp. Xsâ ap³
Kman XpS-§n-h¨ hnizm-ks¯¡pdn-¨pÅ k`m-{]-t_m
-[-\-¯nsâ Ic-Sp-cq]w ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-sIm- mWv "hnizm-k
-sh-fn¨w' temI-¯n\v kaÀ¸n-¡p-ó-sXóv {^m³knkv
]m¸ Bap-J-¯nð kqNn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óp.
_lp-`m-jm-]-WvUn-X\pw tdcpw s\mhmcpw apX-epÅ
k`-bpsS {]t_m-[-\-§-fpsS hniz-kvX-hn-hÀ¯I\pw
]n.-H.-kn. ]»n-t¡-j³knsâ P\-dð FUn-ä-dp-amb dh.
tUm. tPmÀPv Ipcp-¡q-dm-Wv Nm{In-I-te-J-\-¯nsâ XÀPna
\nÀh-ln-¨n-«p-ÅXv. hnh-À¯-\-¯nsâ `mjm-]-cn-tim-[\
\S¯n Xncp-¯-ep-IÄ \evIn-bXv kmln-Xy-Im-c\pw `mjm-
]-WvUn-X-\p-amb sjh-en-bÀ tUm. {]oaqkv s]cn-tô-cn-
bm-Wv. hnhÀ¯\w aqe-Ir-Xn-bp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp¯n
B[n-Im-cn-IX Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯n-bXv sIkn-_nkn ^manen
I½o-j³ sk{I-«-dnbpw Adn-b-s¸-Spó Fgp-¯p-Im-c-\p-
amb ̂ m. tPmkv tIm«-bn-epw, Adn-b-s¸-Spó ss__nÄ ]
WvUn-X\pw sIkn-_nkn ss__nÄ I½o-j³ sk{I-«-dn-
bp-amb dh. tUm. tPmjn a¿m-än-ep-am-Wv. dh. knÌÀ P\äv
F^v.-kn.-kn., {io F.-sP. Atem-jy-kv, ssS]vsk-än§v \nÀ
h-ln¨ {ioaXn A½nWn {^m³ko-kv, ap{ZWw \nÀh-ln¨
10 11
tUm¬ t_mkvtIm CKmIvSv {]kv Fón-h-tcmSpw CXnsâ
{]kn-²o-I-c-W-¯nð IS-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp.
k` hnizm-k-hÀjw BN-cn¡pó Ah-k-c-¯nð hnizm-
k-s¯-¡p-dn¨v hyà-hpw- ka-{K-hp-amb k`m {]-t_m-[-\-
amWv "hnizmk shfn-¨'¯neqsS shfn¨w I n-cn-¡p-ó-Xv.
ssZh-¯nsâ Zm\-amb hnizm-k-¯nð Bg-s¸-Sm\pw AXnð
\ne-\n-ev¡m\pw XoIvj-W-X-tbmsS hnizmkw ]¦p-h-bv
¡m\pw At\-IÀ¡v Cu Nm{In-I-te-J\¯nsâ ae-bm-f-
hn-hÀ¯\w {]tN-mZ-\hpw Bth-i-hp-am-Ip-sa-ó-Xnð kwi
-b-an-ñ.
tUm. Ìo^³ Be-¯d
2013 BKÌv 5 sU]yq«n sk{I-«dn P\-dð, sI.-kn.-_n.-kn
]n.H.-kn., sIm¨n-þ25. Ub-d-IvSÀ, ]n.-H.-kn. hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn¨v {^m³knkv ]m¸
sa{XòmÀ¡pw sshZn-IÀ¡pw Uo¡òmÀ¡pw kaÀ¸n-
XÀ¡pw Aevambm hnizm-kn-IÄ¡pw thïn Fgp-Xnb
Nm{In-I-te-J\w
1. hnizm-k- shfn¨w: A§-s\-bmWv k`-bpsS ]mc-
¼cyw tbip- sImïphó al-¯mb Zm\-s¯- hnti-jn-¸n-¡p
óXv. tbml-ómsâ kphn-tij¯nð {InkvXp- X-só¸-än-
¯só C{]-Imcw ]d-bpóp: "Fónð hniz-kn-¡p-óh-cmcpw
AÔ-Im-c-¯nð hkn-¡m-Xn-cn-t¡-ï-Xn\v Rm³ shfn-¨-
ambn temI-¯n-te¡p hón-cn-¡p-óp' (tbml 12:46). hnip²
]utemkv CtX -_nw_wXsó {]tbm-Kn-¡-pópïv: "AÔ-
Im-c-¯nð \nóp {]-Imiw DZn-¡s« Fóv Acp-fn-s¨bvX
12 13
ssZhw Xsóbm-Wv...-R-§-fpsS lrZ-b-§sf {]Im-in-¸n-
¨n-cn-¡p-óXv "(2 tImdn 4:6)
{]Im-i-¯n-\mbn AZay-ambn B{K-ln¨ hnPm-Xob-
temIw kqcy-tZ-h-s\ þ AP-¿-\mb kqcys\- þ Hmtcm Znh-
khpw {]`m-X-¯nð hnfn¨v At]-£n¨v kqcy-tZ-hm-cm-[-\
-bnð aptódn. Fómð, kqcy³ Hmtcm {]`m-X-¯nepw ]pXp-
Xmbn P\n-s¨-¦nepw apgp-h³ a\p-jym-kvXn-Xz-¯n³taepw
{]Imiw sNmcn-bm³ hyà-ambn AXn\p Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-
ónñ. kqcy³ bmYmÀ°ys¯ apgp-h\pw {]Im-in-¸n-¡-p
ón-ñ. ac-W-¯nsâ \ng-en-te¡v Xpf-¨p-I-b-dm³ AXnsâ
civan-IÄ¡p Ign-bp-Ibn-ñ. B \ng-enð a\p-jy-cpsS I®p
-IÄ kpcy-{]Imi-¯ns\Xntc AS-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. cà-
km-£n-bmb hnip² PÌn³ C§s\ Fgp-Xp-óp: "kqcy-\n-
epÅ Xsâ hnizm-k-¯n-\p-thïn acn-¡m³ Hcp-h\pw Hcn-
¡epw kó²-\m-bn-«nñ'.1
X§-fpsS ap¼nð X§-fpsS hnizmkw Xpd-ó A\-´-
hn-im-e-amb N{I-hm-f-s¯-¡p-dn¨p t_m[-ap-Å-h-cmb
{InkvXym-\n-IÄ tbip-hns\ "Poh³ \evIpó civan-I-
fpÅ'2 bYmÀ° kpcy-\mbn Iïv Ahn-Ss¯ hnfn-¨-t]-
£n¨p. Xsâ ktlm-Z-c-\mb emk-dnsâ ac-W-s¯tbm
À¯p hne]n-¡pó aÀ¯-tbmSv tbip ]dªp: "hniz
-kn-¨mð \o ssZh-a-l¯zw ZÀin-¡p-saóv Rm³ \ntómSp
]d-ªntñ?' (tbml 11:40). hniz-kn-¡p-óhÀ ImWpóp;
X§-fpsS apgp-h³ bm{X-sbbpw {]Im-in-¸n¡pó Hcp
shfn¨w-sImïv ImWp-óp. Imc-Ww, B {]Imiw D°n-
X-\mb {InkvXp-hnð \nóv þ Hcn-¡epw AkvX-an-¡m¯
{]`m-X-\-£-{X-¯nð \nóv þ hc-p-óXm-Wv.
anYy-bmb shfn¨tam?
2.- F-ómepw hnizm-k shfn¨s¯-¡p-dn¨p ]d-bp-t¼mÄ
\½psS ka-Im-eo-\-cnð At\-I-cpsS FXnÀ¸p-IÄ \ap¡p
an¡-hmdpw tIÄ¡mw. hfÀ¨ {]m]n¨Xpw bpàn-hn-Nm-c-
¯nð Al-¦-cn-¡p-óXpw `mhn-sb-¡p-dn¨v ]pXnb amÀK-
§-fn-eqsS At\z-jWw \S-¯p-óXpamb B[p-\nI a\p-
jy-Ip-ew, B shfn¨w ]g-b-Im-es¯ kaq-l-§Ä¡v
am{Xw aXn-bm-Ip-óXmbpw Cós¯ temI-¯n\v AXv D]-
tbm-K-iq-\y--ambpw IcpXp-óp. A§s\ NneÀ¡v hnizmkw
anYym-shfn¨-ambn tXmóp-óp. Adn-hn-\m-bpÅ At\z-j-
W-¯n\p [oc-X-tbmsS ]pd-s¸-Sp-óXnð \nóv a\p-jy-
hÀKs¯ AXv XS-bp-óXmbn tXmóp-óp. bphm-hmb \oäv
tj Xsâ ktlm-Z-cn- Fen-k-_-¯n-s\ A]-I-S-km-[y-X-
IÄ Gsä-Sp-¡m\pw "kz´w hgn Isï-t¯-ï-Xn-\pÅ
XnIª A\nÝnX-Xz-t¯msS ]pXn-b- hgnIfnð kô-
cn-¡m\pw' t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¨p. AbmÄ XpSÀóp ]dªp:
"Chn-sS-bmWv a\p-jy-hÀK-¯nsâ ]mX-IÄ th-dn-Sp-óXv:
\n\¡v Bßob kam-[m-\hpw kt´m-jhpw thW-sa-¦nð
hniz-kn-¡p-I.- F-ómð kXys¯ A\p-K-an-¡m³ B{K-ln-
¡p-óps-ï-¦nð At\z-jn-¡p-I.'3 hnizmkhpw At\z-j-
Whpw s]mcp-¯-s¸«p t]mIn-ñt{X. ChnsS -\n-ómWv \oäv
tj {InkvXp-a-X-hn-aÀi\w hnI-kn-¸n-¨-Xv: {InkvXp-aXw
a\p-jym-kvXn-Xz-¯nsâ ]qÀW-amb AÀ°w Ipd-bv¡p-
Ibpw Pohn-X-¯nð \nóv \ho-\-Xbpw kml-kn-I-Xbpw
Dcnªp-I-f-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. A§s\ hnizmkw anYy-
bmb shfn¨-am-bncn-¡p-óp; kzX-{´-am-¡-s¸« a\p-jy-hw-
i-¯n\v `mhn-bn-te-¡pÅ hgn XS-bpó anYy-.
3. Cu {]{In-b-bnð hnizmks¯ AÔ-Im-c-hpambn _Ôn-
¸n-¡m-\n-S-bm-bn. bpàn-bpsS shfn-¨-¯n-\-cntI Øm\w
14 15
\evIn hnizm-k-s¯ c£n-¡m³ NneÀ ]cn-{i-an-¨-p-. bpàn-
bpsS shfn-¨-¯n\p ISóp- sNñm³ Ign-bm-¯n-S-s¯-ñmw,
kp\n-Ýn-XXzw km[y-a-ñm-¯n-S-s¯-ñmw, A¯-c-samcp
Øm\-w \evIp-I-bp-ïmbn. A§s\ hnizmkw shfn¨-
an-ñm¯t¸mÄ \S-t¯-ïXpw AÔ-amb hnIm-c-¯mð {]
tNm-Z-n-Xhp-amb Ccp-fn-te-¡pÅ Hcp IpXn-¨p-Nm-«-ambn a\-
Ên-em-¡-s¸-«p. Asñ-¦nð Hcp-]t£ lrZ-b-¯n\p NqSp]
I-cm³ Ign-hp-ÅXpw hyàn-]-c-amb Bizmkw \evIm³
Ign-bp-óXp-amb hyàn-\n-jvT-amb Hcp {]Im-i-ambn Icp-
X-s¸-«p. ]t£, B {]Im-is¯ hgn ImWn¨p sImSp-¡m³
Ign-bpó hkvXp-\n-jvThpw ]¦p-h-bv¡-s¸-«-Xp-amb shfn-
¨-ambn aäp-Å-hÀ¡v \nÀt±-in-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡m³ Ign-bpI-bnñ.
kzbwimkn-X-amb bpàn-bpsS shfn¨w `mhnsb {]Im-in-
¸n-¡m³ aXn-bm-bXv Asñóvv kmh-[m-\-¯n-em-sW-¦nepw
XoÀ¨-bmbpw hyà-am-Ipw. bpàn-bpsS shfn¨w am{X-ta-
bp-Åq-sh-¦nð BXy-´n-I-ambn `mhn Ccp-ïXpw AÚm-
X-am-b-Xns\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kw{`m´n \nd-ª-Xpambn \ne-
sIm-Åpw. AXnsâ ^e-ambn a\p-jy-hwiw al-¯mb
Hcp shfn¨-¯n-\p-th-ïn-bpÅ, \nXy-k-Xy-¯n\pthïn-
¯sóbpÅ At\z-jWw Dt]-£n-¨v £Wn-I-amb \nan-
js¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-óXpw Fómð hgn ImWn-¡m³ Ai-
à-hp-amb sNdnb Zo]-§ÄsImïp Xr]vXn-s¸-Sm³ {ian-¨p.
Fómð, hnizmk shfn-¨-¯nsâ A`m-h-¯nð Fñmw
Ipg-ªp-a-dn-ª-Xm-bn-¯o-cpóp. \òsb Xnò-bnð \ntóm
\½psS e£y-¯n-te-¡pÅ ]mXsb Hcn-S¯pw F¯n-t¨-
cm-¯-hn[w -hnjahr-¯-¯nem-¡pó aäp- h-gn-I-fnð \ntóm
thÀXn-cn¨p ]d-bpI AXv Akm-[y-am-¡póp.
hosï-Spt¡ï shfn¨w
4. AXp-sImïv hnizmkw Hcp- sh-fn-¨-am-sWó hkvXpX
hosï-Sp¡pI-sb-óXv Hcp ASn-b-´n-cm-h-iy-am-Wv. Fs´-
ómð hnizm-k-am-Ipó Pzme- AW-ªp-t]m-bmð aäp shfn-
¨-§-sfñmw a§n-¯p-S-§pw. hnizm-k- shfn¨w A\-\y-am-
Wv. Imc-Ww, a\p-jym-kvXn-Xz-¯nsâ Hmtcm- h-i-s¯bpw
{]Im-in-¸n-¡m³ AXn\p Ign-bpw. C{Xam{Xw ià-amb
Hcp shfn¨w \½nð \nóp Xsó Dïm-hp-I-bn-ñ. IqSp-Xð
BZn-aamb Hcp Dd-hn-S-¯nð \ntó AXv Dïm-hp-I-bp-Åq.
Hä-hm-¡nð ]d-ªmð, AXp ssZh-¯nð \nóp hc-Ww.
\s½ hnfn-¡p-óh\pw Xsâ kvt\lw \ap¡p shfn-
s¸-Sp-¯n-¯-cp-óh-\p-amb kPo-h-\mb ssZh-hp- a-mb-
pÅ Iïp-ap-«-enð \nómWv hnizmkw P\n-¡p-óXv. B
kvt\lw \ap¡p apt¼ DÅ-Xm-Wv. kpc£n-X-Xz-¯n-\p-
th-ïnbpw \½psS Pohn-Xs¯ ]Sp-¯p-bÀ¯p-óXn-\p-
th-ïnbpw AXns\ \ap¡v B{ibn-¡m-hp-óXm-Wv. Cu
hnizm-k-¯mð cq]m-´-c-s¸-«-h-cm-Ip-t¼mÄ \ap¡v ]pXnb
ZÀi\w e`n-¡pw, ImWm³ ]pXnb I®p-I-fp-ïm-Ipw.
km£m-XvIm-c-¯nsâ henb hmKv-Zm\w AXnð DÄs¡m-
ïn-cn-¡p-óp-sh-ópw \mw a\-Ên-em-¡pw. \½psS ap¼nð
`mhn-sb-¸-änbpÅ Hcp ho£Ww Xpd-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿pw.
AXn-kzm-`m-hnI Zm\-sa-ó \n-e-bnð ssZh-¯nð \nóp
\mw kzo-I-cn-¡pó hnizmkw ka-b-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ \½psS
bm{Xsb \bn-¨psImïv \½psS hgn-bnð shfn¨-a-mbn-¯o-
cpw. Hcp-h-i-¯v, AXv `qX- Im-e-¯p-\nóp hcpó shfn-
¨-am-Wv. tbip-hnsâ Pohn-X-¯nsâ ASnØm\-]-c-amb
kvac-W-bpsS shfn-¨-am-Wv. B PohnXw XnI¨pw hnizm-
ky-amb Ahn-Ss¯ kvt\ls¯ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xm-Wv.
ac-W-¯nsâ tað hnPbw hcn-¡m³ Ign-bpó kvt\lw-
X-sóbmWXv. Fómepw {InkvXp DbnÀ¡p-Ibpw \s½
ac-W-¯n-\-¸p-d-t¯¡p \bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óXp-sImïv
hnizmkw `mhn-bnð \nóp-h-cpó shfn-¨-hp-am-Wv. \½psS
16 17
Hä-s¸« hyàn-Xz-§Ä¡v- A-¸p-d-t¯¡v þ Iq«m-bva-bpsS
hnim-e-X-bn-te¡v þ \bn-¡p-ó hnkvXr-X-amb N{I-hm-f-
§sf \½psS ap¼nð Xpd-ón-Sp-óXp--am-Wv.
hnizmkw \ng-enepw ¾m\-X-bnepw hkn-¡p-ón-sñóp
\mw ImWp-óp. AXv \½psS Ccp-«n-\pÅ shfn-¨am-Wv.
Zmt´ Unssh³ tImaUn Fó almImhy-¯nð hnip²
]t{Xm-kn-t\mSv Xsâ hnizmkw Gäp-]-d-ªn«v B shfn-
¨s¯ C§s\ hnhn-cn-¡póp: "{ItaW I¯pó Pzme-
bm-bn-¯o-cp-óXpw AXv kzÀKo-b-\-£-{Xw-t]mse Fsâ-
bp-Ånð anón-{]-Im-in-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-óXpamb Hcp
kv^penw-Kw'.4 Cu hnizm-k- shfn¨amWv Rm\n-t¸mÄ ]
cnNn´\w sN¿m³ B{K-ln-¡p-óXv. a\p-jy-hw-i-¯n\v
{]tXy-I-amw-hn[w shfn¨w Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-¡p-ó C¡m-
e¯vv AXp \½psS bm{X-bpsS N{I-hm-fs¯ tim`m-]
qÀW-am-¡pó Hcp \£-{X-am-bn-¯oÀó,v hfÀ¨ {]m]n¨v,
hÀ¯-am-\-Im-es¯ {]tim-`n-X-am-¡Ww.
5. {InkvXp Xsâ ]oUm-k-l-\-¯nsâ Xte-Zn-hkw ]t{Xm-
kn\v C§s\ Dd-¸p-sIm-Sp¯p: "\nsâ hnizmkw £bn-¡m-
Xn-cn-¡m³ Rm³ \n\-¡p-thïn {]mÀ°n-¨p' (eq¡m 22-:32).
Fón«v AtX hnizm-k-¯nð Ahsâ ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-
Z-còmsc _e-s¸-Sp-¯m³ Ahn-Sóv ]t{Xm-kn-t\mSp ]
dªp. ]t{Xm-knsâ ]n³Km-ansb `c-ta-ev]n¨ IS-a-sb-¸än
t_m[-hm-\mbn s_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a³ Ct¸m-gs¯
"hnizm-k-hÀjw' {]Jym-]n-¨p. AXv Ir]-bpsS Hcp Ime-am-
Wv. hniz-kn-¡p-óXn-epÅ henb kt´mjw A\p-`-hn-¨-dn-
bm\pw hnizmkw \½psS ap¼nð Xpd-ón-Spó hnim-e-amb
N{I-hmfw Iïv \½psS hnkva-bs¯ ]pXp-¡m\pw B
hnizmkw AXnsâ GI-Xz-¯nepw ka-{K-X-bnepw Gäp-]-
d-bm\pw AXp klm-bn-¡p-óp. IÀ¯rkvac-W-tbm-SpÅ
hniz-kvX-X-tbmsSbpw Ahn-Ss¯ kmón-[y-¯mepw ]cn-
ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ {]hÀ¯-\-¯mepw \ne-\n-dp¯-s¸«pamWv
CXp km[n-¡p-óXv.
Pohn-X-¯n\p al-¯zhpw km£m-XvIm-chpw sImïp-
h-cp-óXpw {InkvXp-hnepw Ahn-Ss¯ Ir]m-h-c-¯nsâ
iàn-bnepw tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-óXp-amb hnizm-k-¯nð
\nóp hcpó t_m[yw BZna {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS t{]jn-X-
Zu-Xys¯ {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¨p.
cà-km-£n-I-fpsS {]hr-¯n-I-fnð, tdma³ {]os^-
IvSmb dpkvXn-¡qkpw lntb-dmIvkv Fó t]cpÅ Hcp
ss{IkvX-h\pw X½nð \Só Xmsg-¡m-Wpó kwh-
mZw \mw hmbn-¡póp: "Fhn-sS-bmWv \nsâ amXm-]n-Xm-
¡òmÀ Fóv PUvPn cà-km-£n-tbmSv tNmZn-¨p'. AbmÄ
C§s\ D¯cw ]dªp: "R§-fpsS bYmÀ° ]nXmhv
{InkvXp BWv. R§-fpsS A½ Ahn-SónepÅ hnizm-k-
am-Wv'5 B BZna ss{IkvX-hÀ¡v {InkvXp-hnð shfn-hm-
b kPo-h-ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ Hcp Iïp-ap-«-seó \ne-bn-ð
hnizmkw XoÀ¨-bmbpw Hcp A½ Bbn-cp-óp. Imc-Ww,
AXv Ahsc shfn-¨-¯n-te¡p sImïp hóp, Ah-cp-sSb-
pÅnð ssZhn-I-Po-h³ P\n-¸n-¨p. Cu \hym-\p-`-h-¯n\
pw AkvXn-Xz-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Zo]vX-amb ZÀi\¯n\pw
thïn Ah-km-\w-hsc ]c-ky-ambn km£yw hln-¡m³
AhÀ kó²-cm-bn-cp-óp.
6. cïmw h¯n-¡m³ Iu¬kn-ensâ Bcw-`-¯nsâ
A¼Xmw hmÀjn-I-¯n-emWv "hnizm-k-hÀjw' DZvLmS\w
sN¿-s¸-«-Xv. cïmw h¯n-¡m³ Iu¬knð hnizm-ks¯
kw_-Ôn-¨p-Å-Xm-bn-cpóp FóXnsâ hyà-amb kqN-\-
bm-WnXv-.6 k`-sbó \ne-bnepw hyàn-I-sfó \ne-bnepw
\½psS Pohn-X-¯nsâ tI{µ-¯nð {InkvXp-hnð ssZh-¯n-\
pÅ {]mYayw ]p\x-Øm-]n-¡m³ AXv Bh-iy-s¸-«-tñm.
18 19
k` hnizm-ks¯ Hcn-¡epw eLp-hmbn ImWp-ón-ñ. ]nsó
tbm Cu ssZh-Zm\w Xsâ bm{Xm-amÀK-¯nð, Xsó XpS-
Àóp \bn-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡m³, AXns\ t]mjn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw
hoïpw iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿-W-saóv k` Adn-bp-
óp. \½psS Ime-L-«-¯nse kv{Xo]p-cp-jòm-tcmSv Ah-
cpsS bm{X-bnð kl-Ncn¨p-sImïv hnizm-k- sh-fn¨w
\½psS am\p-jn-Im-\p-`-hs¯ DÅnð \nóp {]Im-in-¸n-
¡m³ cïmw h¯n-¡m³ Iu¬knð CS-bm¡n. Pohn-
Xs¯ AXnsâ Fñm am\-§-fnepw hnizmkw F§s\
k¼-óam¡pópshóv AXv hyà-ambn ImWn-¡p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
7. kvt\l-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw {]Xym-i-sb-¡p-dn¨pw s_\-
UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a³ Xsâ Nm{In-I-te-J-\-§-fnð Fgp-
Xn-bn-«p-Å-htbmSv hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Cu hnNn-
´-\§ÄþCu ssZhnI ]pWy-s¯-¡p-dn¨v k`-bpsS {]
t_m-[-\m-[n-Imcw {]Jym-]n-¨n-«pÅ Fñm-än-sâbpw XpSÀ¨-
bnð7 Iq«n-t¨À¡m-\mWv Dt±-in-¡p-óXv. At±lwXsó
hnizm-k-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-Å Nm{In-I-te-J-\-¯nsâ BZys¯
Ic-Sp-cq]w an¡-hmdpw ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-óp. C¡m-cy-
¯nð Rm³ At±-l-t¯mSp AKm-[-amb IrX-Ú-X-bp-
Å-h-\m-Wv. {InkvXp-hnð At±-l-¯nsâ ktlm-Z-c-s\ó
\ne-bnð Rm³ At±l¯nsâ kpµ-c-amb cN\ Gsä-Sp-
¡p-Ibpw kz´-ambn Nne-sXñmw Iq«n-t¨À¡p-IbpamWv
sNbvXncn-¡p-óXv. a\p-jy-hw-i-¯nsâ ]mX-bnð Hcp
shfn-¨-ambn ssZhw Xón-cn-¡pó hnizm-k-saó Aaq-
ey\n-[n-bnð Xsâ ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-còmsc _e-s¸-Sp-
¯m³ ]t{Xm-knsâ ]n³Km-an, Cósebpw Cópw \msfb-
pw Ft¸mgpw hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp.
AXn-kzm-`m-hnI \nth-inX ]pWy-amb hnizm-k-saó
ssZh-Zm-\-¯nð al-¯mb kvt\lw \ap¡p \evI-s¸-«n-
cn-¡p-óp-shópw Hcp \ñ hm¡v \t½mSp ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-
ópshópw B hm¡ns\ þ hN\w amwk-amb tbip-{In-
kvXp-hns\ þ \mw kzmKXw sN¿pt¼mÄ ]cn-ip-²mßmhp
\s½ cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-ópshópw `mhn-bn-te-¡pÅ
\½psS hgn-bnð {]Imiw sNcn-bp-ópshópw {]Xym-i-
bpsS NndInð kt´m-j-]qÀÆw B hgntb aptódm³ \
s½ ià-cm-¡p--ópshópw \mw a\-Ên-em-¡p-óp. A§s\
ss{IkvX-h-Po-hnXw ssZh-hp-a-mbpÅ k¼qÀW-amb
sFIy-¯nte¡p aptódp-t¼mÄ hnizm-kw, {]Xymi,
kvt\lw Fónh hnkva-b-I-c-ambn Cg-tNÀóv {]tNm-Z-I-
i-àn-bm-bn-¯o-cp-óp. Fómð hnizmkw \½psS ap¼nð
Xpd-óp-X-cpó Cu ]mX F§-s\-bp-Å-XmWv? hnP-b-I-
chpw k^e--hp-amb Pohn-X-¯n-\pÅ bm{Xsb {]Im-i-]qÀ
Wam-¡pó kpi-à-amb Cu {]Im-i-¯nsâ DXv]-¯n-sb-
´mWv?
20 21
hyàn-]-c-ambn \t½mSv CS-s]-Spó Hcp hN-\-t¯m-SpÅ þ
\s½ t]cp sNmñn hnfn-¡pó -"A-hn-S-t¯m-SpÅ'
\½psS {]Xyp-¯-c-amWv hnizm-kw. (No. 8)
A{_mlw: hnizm-k-¯nð \½psS ]nXmhv
8. hnizmkw \½psS ap¼nð hgn Xpd-¡p-Ibpw Ime-
¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ \½psS Imðhbv]pI-tfmsSm¸w kô-cn-
¡p-Ibpw sN¿póp. AXp-sIm-ïv, hnizmkw F´m-sWóv
a\-Ên-em-¡m³ \½Ä B{K-ln-¡p-óp-sï-¦nð AXnsâ
kôm-c-]-Yw, hniz-mkn-IÄ kô-cn¨ hgn,- \mw ]n³sN-
ñWw. AXv ]gb \nb-a-¯nð BZyta km£y-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn
«pïtñm þ hnizm-k-¯nð \½psS ]nXm-hmb A{_m-l-
¯n\v ChnsS AXp-ey-amb Øm\-ap-ïv. At±-l-¯nsâ
Pohn-X-¯nð Akz-Ø-X-bp-ïm-¡pó Hcp kw`-h-ap-ïm-
\mw kvt\l-¯nð
hniz-kn¨ncn-¡póp(cf 1 tbml 4:16)
22 23
Ipóp: ssZhw At±-l-t¯mSp kwkm-cn-¡p-óp; kwkm-cn-
¡p-Ibpw t]cp-hn-fn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó Hcp ssZh-a-mbn Ahn
-Sóv kzbw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-óp.
hnizmkw tIÄhn-tbmSp _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. A{_mlw
ssZhs¯ ImWpón-ñ. ]t£, Ahn-Ss¯ kzcw tIÄ
¡p-óp. A§s\ hnizmkw hyàn-]-c-amb Hcp Xew kzoI-cn-
¡p-óp. ssZhw Hcp {]tXyI- Ø-e-¯nsâ tZh-\-ñ; khn-
ti-j-amb Hcp ka-b-t¯m-Sp- _-Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡pó Hcp tZh-
X-bpañ. ]nsótbm, -hyàn-bpsS ssZh-a-mWv; A{_m-l
-¯n-sâbpw Ck-l-m¡n-sâbpw bmt¡m-_n-sâbpw ssZh
-amWv. a\p-jy-t\mSp {]Xn-I-cn-¡m\pw a\p-jy-\p-ambn Hcp
DS-¼Sn Øm]n-¡m\pw Ign-hp-Å-h-\m-Wv, Ahn-Só.v hyàn-
]-c-ambn \t½mSv CS-s]-Spó Hcp hN-\-t¯m-SpÅ þ \s½
t]cp sNmñn hnfn-¡pó -"A-hn-S-t¯m-SpÅ' \½psS {]Xyp-
¯-c-amWv hnizm-kw.
9.- A-{_m-l-t¯mSp ]d-b-s¸« hN\w Hcp hnfnbpw
hmKvZm-\hpw DÄs¡m-Åp-óp-ïv. Hóm-a-Xmbn, At±-l-
¯nsâ kz´w \mSv Dt]-£n-¡m-\pÅ hnfn-bm-W-Xv;
]pXnb Hcp Pohn-X-¯n-te-¡pÅ HutZym-KnI hnfn, ap³Iq«n
ImWm³ Ign-bm¯ Hcp `mhnsb Nqïn-¡m-Wn-¡pó Hcp
]pd-¸m-Snsâ XpS-¡-w-. hnizmkw A{_m-l-¯n\p \evIpó
ImgvN Ft¸mgpw Hcp-]Sn aptóm«p hbv¡p-óXnsâ Bh-
iy-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡póp: bm{X sN¿p-ón-S-t¯mfw
hnizmkw "ImWp-óp'; ssZh-¯nsâ hN\w Xpd-óp- X-cpó
N{I-hmf§-fn-te¡p {]th-in-¡m³ Xocp-am-\n-¡p-óX-\p-
k-cn¨v hnizmkw "ImWp-óp'. Cu hN\w Hcp hmKvZm-\w
IqSn DÄs¡m-Åp-ópïv: \nsâ k´-Xn-IÄ kwJy-bnð
hep-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw, \o hen-sbmcp P\-X-bpsS ]nXm-hm-bn-
¯ocpw (cf DXv] 13:16; 15:5; 22:17). -apt¼ Dïmb hN-\t¯m-
SpÅ {]Xyp-¯-c-saó \nebnð
A{_m-l-¯nsâ hnizmkw F
t¸mgpw kvac-W-bpsS Hcp IÀa
ambncn¡pw. Fómð, Cu kva
cW `qX-Im-e-kw-̀ -h-§-fnð am
{Xw HXp-§p-óXñ, adn¨v Hcp
hmKvZm-\-¯nsâ kvac-W-sbó
\ne-bnð, Ncnt¡ï hgn-bnð
shfn¨w hoin-s¡mïv `mhnsb
Xpd-ónSm³ AXv {]m]vX-am-bn-
¯o-cp-óp. A§s\ ̀ mhn-sb-¡p-
dn-¨pÅ kvacW (memoria futuri)
sbó \ne-bnð hnizmkw F
§s\ {]Xym-i-bp-ambn Ah
-KmVw _Ô-s -̧«n-cn-¡p-óp-sh-óv
\mw ImWp-óp.
10. Cu hN\¯n\v Xsó
¯só kaÀ¸n-¡m\mWv A{_m-
lt¯mSv ssZhw Bh-iy-s¸-
«Xv. Gsd D]-cn-¹hhpw £WnI-
hp-saóp tXmópó Hcp hN\w
hniz-kvXX- Xsóbmb ssZh-
¯mð ]d-b-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ kp\n-
Ýn-Xhpw AN-ô-e-hp-ambn¯o
cp-óp-shóv hnizmkw a\-Ên-
em-¡p-óp. Ncn-{X-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ
\½psS bm{X-bpsS XpSÀ¨bv¡v
CXv Dd-̧ p -\evIp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.
\½psS ]Sp-̄ p-bÀ¯ensâ ASn-
Øm-\- Dd-¸pÅ ]mdbmbpw
"ssZh-¯nepw
Ahn-Ss¯
hmKvZm-\-§-fnepw
hniz-kn-¡p-t¼mÄ
a\p-jy³
hniz-kvX-\m-Wv;
Xm³ hmKvZm\w
sNbvXXv a\p-jy\p
\evIp-t¼mÄ
ssZhw
hniz-kvX-\m-Wv'.
hnip² AKÌn³
(AD 354 - AD 430)
24 25
\ap¡p kô-cn-¡m-hpó t\tc-bpÅ cmP-ho-Yn-bmbpw Cu
hN-\s¯ hnizmkw kzoI-cn-¡p-óp.
ss__n-fnð hnizm-k-sa-óXn\v lo{_p-`m-j-bnð Fap-\
FómWp ]d-bp-óXv. "DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡pI' FóÀ°-apÅ
Hcp [mXp-hnð \nóp-ïm-Ipó Aam³ Fó {Inb-bnð
\nómWv B hm¡p-ïm-Ip-óXv. Fap-\m Fó ]Z-¯n\v
ssZh-¯nsâ hniz-kvX-X-sbbpw a\p-jysâ hnizm-k-
s¯bpw kqNn-¸n-¡m³ Ign-bpw. hniz-kvX-\mb ssZh-
¯nsâ ssII-fnð kzbw kaÀ¸n-¨p-sImïv hnizm-k-
¯nsâ a\p-jy³ iàn k¼m-Zn-¡p-óp. Cu hm¡n-\pÅ
Cc« AÀ°w CXn\p Xpey-amb ]nkvt¯mkv Fó {Ko¡p
hm¡n\pw ^ntZ-enkv Fó e¯o³ hm¡n-\p-ap-ïv. Cu
hm¡nsâ ZzbmÀ°w [z\n¸n-¨p-sImïv Pdp-k-se-anse
hnip² kndnÄ ssZh-¯nsâ kz´w t]cp kzoI-cn-¡pó
ss{IkvX-hsâ t{ijv--T-Xsb {]iw-kn-¡póp. cïp-t]cpw
"hniz-kvX³' Fóp hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp.8 hnip² BK-kvXo-
t\mkv C§s\ hni-Zo-I-cn-¡póp: "ssZh-¯nepw Ahn-
Ss¯ hmKvZm-\-§-fnepw hniz-kn-¡p-t¼mÄ a\p-jy³ hniz-
kvX-\m-Wv; Xm³ hmKvZm\w sNbvXXv a\p-jy\p \evIp-
t¼mÄ ssZhw hniz-kvX-\m-Wv'.9
11. A{_m-l-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-¯nse A´n-a- LSIw At±-
l-¯nsâ hnizmkw a\-Ên-em-¡p-óXn\v kp{]-[m-\-am-Wv.
ssZh-¯nsâ hN\w \ho-\-Xbpw hnkva-bhpw P\n-¸n¡p-
t¼mgpw A{_m-l-¯nsâ A\p-`-h-¯n\v AXv H«pw A\y-
a-ñ. Xsâ AkvXn-Xz-¯nsâ AI¡m-¼nð kZm- k-ón-ln-
X-am-bn-cpó AKm-[-amb Hcp hnfn-sb, XtómSp kwkm
-cn-¡pó ssZh-¯nsâ i_vZ-¯nð B ]qÀh]nXmhv Xncn-¨-
dn-ªp. "hmKvZm\ ]qÀWXm' \nd-hmbn Ft¸mgpw ]cnKWn
¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ, ]pXpPohnXs¯ P\n-¸n-¡pó amXrXz]nXr-
Xz-saó a\p-jy-Po-hn-XXe-hp-ambn ssZhw Xsâ hmKvZm-\
s¯ _Ôn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óp. "\nsâ ̀ mcy- kmdm Xsó \n\¡v
Hcp ]p{Xs\ {]k-hn-¡pw. \o Ahs\ Ck-lm¡v Fóp
t]cp hnfn¡pw"(DXv] 17:19). A{_m-l-t¯mSv k¼qÀW
hniz-kvXX Bh-iy-s¸-Spó ssZhw Fñm Poh-sâbpw Dd-
hn-S-ambn Xsó¯só shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-óp.
A§s\ hnizmkw kIe krjvSn-Pm-e-§-Ä¡pw Akv
XnXzw \evIpó ssZh-¯nsâ ]nXr-Xz-hp-ambn tImÀ¯nW-
¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. A{_m-ls¯ hnfn-¡pó ssZhw {kjv
Sm-hm-Wv; "AkvXn-Xz-anñm¯ hkvXp-¡sf AkvXn-Xz-¯n-
te¡p hnfn-¡pó'h-\m-Wv (tdmam 4:17). "temI-Øm-]-\-¯n-
\p-ap-¼p-Xsó \s½ Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p-Ibpw \mw Xsâ ]p{X-
cmbn Zs¯-Sp-¡-s¸-S-W-saóv ap³Iq«n \nÝ-bn-¡p-Ibpw'
(Ft^ 1:4þ5) sNbvX-h-\m-Wv. A{_m-ls¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-
t¯mfw ssZh-¯n-epÅ hnizmkw At±-l-¯nsâ AkvXn-
Xz-¯nsâ AKm-[-X-e-§-fn-te¡p shfn¨w hoip-óp. \ò-
bpsS Dd-hsb kIe hkvXp-¡-fp-sSbpw {]`h¯n-ð
Xncn-¨-dn-bm³ AXv At±-ls¯ {]m]vX-\m-¡p-óp. Xsâ
PohnXw AkvXn-Xz-c-mln-Xy¯nsâtbm BI-kvan-I-X-bp
-sStbm DXv]-óa-ñ. adn-¨v, hyàn-]-c-amb Hcp hnfn-bp-
sSbpw hyàn-]-c-amb kvt\l-¯n-sâbpw ^e-am-sWóv
Xncn-¨-dn-bm³ AXp At±-ls¯ ià-\m-¡p-óp.
At±-ls¯ hnfn¨ \nKq-V-\mb ssZhw A\y-\mb Hcp
ssZh-a-ñ; ]nsótbm AkvXn-Xz-apÅ kI-e-¯n-sâbpw
Dd-hn-Shpw Bew-_hp-am-Wv. A{_m-l-¯n-sâ hnizm-kw-
t\cn« Aán]co£ þ Xsâ ]p{X³ Ck-lm-¡ns\
_en-bÀ¸n-¡-W-saóXv þ ac-W-¯n-\-¸p-d-¯p-t]mepw
Poh³ Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯m³ Ign-hpÅ Cu BZn-a-kvt\-l-
¯nsâ hnkvXrXn hyà-ambn ImWn¡póp: "arX{]mb
26 27
-\mb' Hcp-h\v kmdm-bpsS KÀ`-]m-{X-¯nsâ "hÔy-X-bnð'
(cf tdmam 4:19) ]p{Xs\ DbÀ¯m³ Ign-bpó hm¡n\v Fñm
`oj-Wn¡pw A]-I-S-¯n\pw AXo-X-am-bn- Hcp ̀ mhn-sb-¡p-
dn-¨pÅ Ahn-Ss¯ hmKvZm-\-t¯mSp hniz-kvXX ]peÀ
¯m\pw BIpw (cf sl{_m 11:19; tdmam 4:21).
C{kmtb-ensâ hnizmkw
12. ]pd-¸m-Sp {KÙ-¯nð ImWpó C{km-tbð P\-X-
bpsS Ncn{Xw A{_m-l-¯nsâ hnizmk¯nsâ hgn ]nsô
ñp-óp. hnizmkw hoïpw BZnaZm\-¯nð \nóp P\n-
¡p-óp: Xsâ P\-Xsb Ah-cpsS Zpcn-X-¯nð \nóp kzX-
{´-cm¡p-saóp hmKvZm\w sN¿pó ssZh¯nð C{km-
tbð B{i-bn-¡p-óp. kpZoÀL-amb Hcp bm{X-bv¡pÅ
hnfn-bm-bn-¯o-cpóp hnizm-kw. B bm{X ko\mbv ae-bnð
h¨v IÀ¯m-hns\ Bcm-[n-¡póXnte¡pw hmKvZ-¯-`q-an-
bpsS Ah-Im-i-e-_v[n-bn-te¡pw \bn-¡pó Hóm-Wv. bm{X
-bnð Xsâ inip-hns\ hln-¨p- sIm-ïp-t]m-Ipó ]nXm-
hn-sâ kvt\lw t]msebmWv ssZh-kvt\-lw (cf \n-bam
1:31). C{km-tbð P\-X-bpsS hnizm-k¯nsâ Gäp-]-d-¨nð
Xsâ P\s¯ kzX-{´-cm-¡p-Ibpw AhcpsS hgn-Im-«n-
bmbn hÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó ssZh-¯nsâ {]hÀ¯-\-
§-fpsS hnh-c-W-ambn, Hcp Xe-apdbnð\nóv ASp¯ X-e-
ap-dbnte¡v ssIam-äw sN¿pó Hómbn, C{km-tb-ensâ
hnizm-k-{]-Jym-]\w cq]w sImÅpw (cf \n-bam 26:5-11).
amXm-]n-Xm-¡òmcnð \nóv AXv Ip«n-I-fn-te¡p ssI-
am-äw- sN¿-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Bcm-[-\-bnð A\p-kva-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-
Ibpw BtLm-jn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿pó IÀ¯mhnsâ
ià-amb {]hr¯n-I-fp-sS- kvacWbn-eq-sS-bmWv ssZh-
¯nsâ shfn¨w C{km-tb-en-\mbn {]Im-in-¡p-óXv. hnizm-
k-sh-fn¨w aqÀ¯-amb Pohn-X-I-Y-I-tfmSpw ssZh-¯nsâ
ià-amb {]hr-¯n-I-sf-¡p-dn¨pw Ahn-Ss¯ hmKvZm-\-
§-fpsS {Iam-\p-K-X-amb ]qÀ¯o-I-c-W-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-apÅ
IrX-Ú-Xm-\nÀ`-c-amb HmÀ½-tbmSpw F§s\ _Ô-s¸-
«n-cn-¡p-óp-shóv ChnsS \mw ImWp-óp. tKmYnIv inev]-
hnZy CXn\v hyà-amb {]Im-i\w \evIn-bn-«p-ïv: henb
I¯o-{U-ep-I-fnð {]Imiw kzÀK-¯nð \nóv, c£m-N-cn
{Xw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡pó Pme-I-§fn-eqsS- IS-óv, Xmtg¡p
hcp-óp. ssZh-¯nsâ {]Imiw Ahn-Ss¯ kzbw shfn-s¸-
Sp-¯-ensâ hnh-c-W-¯n-eqsS \½n-te¡v hcp-óp. A§s\
Ahn-Ss¯ Zm\-§sf A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¨p-sImïpw Ahn-Sóv
Xsâ hmKvZm-\-§Ä F§s\ km£m-XvI-cn-¡p-óp-shóp
sXfn-bn-¨p-sImïpw Ime-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ \½psS bm{Xsb
{]Im-in-¸n-¡m³ AXv Ign-hp-ä-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-óp.
13. C{km-tb-ensâ Ncn{Xw, B P-\X Hón-tesd XhW
hnt[-b-cm-bn-t¸mb Ahn-izm-k-¯nsâ {]tem-`-\-s¯-¡p-
dn¨pw \ap¡v Adn-hp-X-cp-óp-ïv. ChnsS hnizm-k-¯n\p
hncp-²-am-b-Xns\ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bm-bn-«mWv Ah-X-cn¸n¨n-
cn-¡p-óXv. tami ko\mbv ae-bnð h¨v ssZh-t¯mSp kwkm-
cn-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ P\§Ä¡v ssZh-¯nsâ \nKq-
VXbpsS clkyw Xm§phm-\m-hpónñ. AhnSs¯ apJw
ImWm-\pÅ Im¯n-cn¸v AhÀ¡v Ak-ly-am-bn. ImgvN
\ap¡p Xcp-saóv tXmón-¡p-óh-bpsS s]s«-ópÅ ssI
b-S-¡ð Dt]-£n-¡-W-w. hnizmkw {]IrXym Bh-iy-s¸-
Sp-ó Hcp Imcy-apïv: X¡-Im-e¯v Xsó¯só hyàn-]-
c-ambn shfn-s¸-Sp-¯pó apJ-¯nsâ cl-kys¯ BZ-cn-
¨p-sIm-ïvv {]Im-i-¯nsâ Dd-hn-S-¯n-te¡p Xncn-bm-\pÅ
£W-am-WXv.
28 29
tIm¡nse dºn \evInb
hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS \nÀh-N\w
amÀ«n³ _q_À Hcn-¡ð D²-
cn-¡p-I-bp-ïmbn: "apJ-añm¯
apJs¯ t\m¡n Hcp-apJw kw
km-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ'10 Dïm-Ip-ó
XmWv hn{K-lm-cm-[\. ChnsS
ssZh-̄ nð hniz-kn-¡p-óXn\p
]Icw Hcp hn{K-ls¯ Bcm-
[n-¡p-óXmWv IqSp-Xð \ñ-
sXó tXmóep-ïmIpóp. hn{K
-l-¯nsâ apJ-t¯¡p \ap¡v
t\cn«p t\m¡mw! AXnsâ DXv
]¯n \ap¡v Adn-bmw. Imc-Ww,
AXv \½psS ssII-fpsS the-
bmWv! \½psS kpc-£n-XXzw
Dt]-£n-¡m³ \t½mSv Bh-
iy-s¸-Sp-saó A]-I-S-km-[yX
Hcp hn{Kl-¯nsâ ap¼n-en-ñ.
Fs´-ómð hn{K-l-§Ä¡v
"hmbv-I-fpïv; ]t£, Ahbv¡v
kwkm-cn-¡m³ Ign-bp-I-bnñ'
(k¦o 115:5). bmYmÀ°y-¯nsâ
tI{µ-¯nð \s½-¯só {]Xn-
jvTn-¡m\pw \½p-sS-Xsó Ic-
th-esb Bcm-[n-¡m-\p-apÅ
apS-¡p-\ym-b-am-bn-«mWv hn{K-l-
§Ä \ne-sIm-Åp-ósXóp \mw
ImWp-óp.
a\p-jy\v Xsâ AkvXn-Xzs¯ GIo-Ir-X-am-¡pó au-
en-I-Zni \jvS-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ, Xsâ B{K-l-§-fpsS _mlp-
ey-¯n-te¡v Ah³ XIÀóp-ho-gpóp; hmKvZm-\-¯nsâ
Ime-¯n\m-bpÅ Im¯n-cn¸v Dt]£n-¡p-t\zmÄ Ahsâ
Pohn-X-IY ]c-kv]c_Ô-an-ñm¯ AkwJyw Ij-W-§-
fmbn Onó`n-óam-bn-¯o-cpóp. hn{K-lm-cm-[\ Ft¸mgpw
_lp-tZ-h-Xm-hm-Z-am-Wv þ Hcp bP-am-\-\nð \nóp asämcp
bP-am-\-\n-te-¡p-Å- e-£y-an-ñm¯ IS-óp-t]m-I-ð. hn{K-
lm-cm-[\ Hcp bm{Xbñ hmKvZm\w sN¿p-óXv ]nsótbm,
Hcn-S¯pw F¯n-¡m-¯, Npän-¨p-gepw hgn-I-fpsS AXn_m
lp-ey-am-Wv. "\o Fónð hnizm-k-aÀ¸n-¡pI' Fóv Bt{Im
-in-¡pó AkwJyw hn{K-l-§-fnð \nópÅ apg-¡-
ambncn¡pw ssZh-¯nð hnizm-k-aÀ¸n-¡m³ CjvS-s¸-Sm-
¯-hÀ tIÄt¡-ïnh-cp-óXv. am\-km-´-c-t¯mSp _Ô-
s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óXn\mð hnizmkw hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bv¡p hn]-
co-X-am-Wv. hyàn-]-c-amb Iïp-ap-«-enð kPo-h-\mb ssZh-
¯n-te¡p Xncn-bp-óXn-\p-th-ïn- hn{K-l-§-fp-am-bpÅ
_Ôw hntÑ-Zn-¡p-óp.
Ft¸mgpw kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw £an-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó,
\½psS Pohn-X§sf Xm§n \ndp-¯p-Ibpw \bn-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿ó, \½psS Ncn-{X-¯nsâ hfª hc-Isf t\sc-bm-
¡m-\pÅ Xsâ Ignhp {]I-Sn-¸n-¡pó Icp-Wm]qcnXamb
kvt\l-¯n\v kzbw `c-ta-ev]n-¡pIsbóXm-Wv hniz-kn-
¡p-I-sb-óXnsâ AÀ°w. ssZh-¯nsâ hnfn-bmð \nc-
´cw cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sm\pw \ho-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sm\pw kzbw kaÀ
¸n-¡m-\pÅ kó²-X-bn-emWv hnizmkw DÄs¡m-ïn-cn-
¡p-óXv. ChnsS Hcp hntcm-[m-`m-k-apïv: IÀ¯m-hn-te¡p
\nc-´cw Xncn-bp-óXp-hgn, hn{K-l-§Ä \½psS tað Npa-
¯nb Acm-P-I-Xz-¯nð \nóv \s½ kzX-{´-cm-¡p-ó kp\n-
Ýn-X-amb Hcp hgn \mw Isï-¯p-óp.
"apJ-añm¯
apJs¯ t\m¡n
Hcp-apJw
kwkm-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ'
Dïm-Ip-óXmWv
hn{K-lm-cm-[\.
amÀ«n³ _q_À
(blqZ XXzÚm\n
1878-1963)
30 31
14. a[y-Ø-\mb tamisb¡qSn- C{km-tb-ensâ hnizm-
k-¯nð \mw I-ïp-ap-«p-óp-ïv. ssZh-¯nsâ apJw P\-
¯n\p ImWm³ Ign-bp-ón-ñm-bn-cn-¡mw. ae-bnð h¨v tami-
bmWv bmlvthtbmSp kwkm-cn-¡p-óXpw IÀ¯m-hnsâ
CjvS-sa-s´óv XpSÀóp P\-t¯mSp ]d-bp-óXpw. X§-
fpsSbnS-bn-se a[y-Øsâ Cu kmón-[y-¯nð Hón¨v
sFIy-t¯msS bm{Xs-N-¿m³ C{km-tbðP\w ]Tn-¡p-óp.
hyàn-bpsS hnizm-k-{]-hr¯n kaq-l-¯nð, P\-¯nsâ
s]mXp-hmb "\½nð', Øm\w Isï-¯p-óp. AhÀ hnizm-
k-¯nð Hä-hy-àn-t]m-se-bm-Wv. C{km-tbð¡m-sc-sbñmw
"Fsâ {]Y-a-Pm-X-\mb ]p{X³' Fóv ssZhw hnti-jn-¸n-
¡p-óp-ïtñm (cf ]pd 4:22). ChnsS a[y-ØX Hcp XS-Ê-
a-ñ, Hcp Xpd-hmWv: aäp-Å-h-cp-am-bpÅ \½psS Iïp-ap-«-
en-eqsS \½psS t\m«w \s½-¡mÄ henb Hcp kXy-¯n-
te-¡v Db-cpóp.
X\n¡p t\cn«v ssZhs¯ ImWm³ ]äp-ón-sñóv dqtkm
Hcn-¡ð hne-]n-¨p. AbmÄ ]dªp: "ssZh-¯nsâbpw
Fsâbpw a[y-¯nð F{Xtbm a\p-jy-cm-Wp-ÅXv!'11 "jmMv
jmIvkv dqtkm-tbmSp kwkm-cn-¡p-óXn\v ssZhw tamisb
Iïp-]n-Sn-¡p-I-sb-óXv bYmÀ°-¯nð efn-Xhpw kzm`m-
hn-I-hp-amb Hcp Imcy-amtWm?'12 Adn-hns\ kw_-Ôn¨
hyànKXhpw (Individualistic) k¦p-Nn-X-hp-amb [mc-W- ]pe
À¯p-ón-S¯v a[y-Ø-X-bpsS AÀ°w þ asäm-cm-fpsS ho£
W-¯nð ]¦p-tN-cm-\pÅ Ign-hv, kvt\l-¯n-sâ Xsó Adn-
hm-bn-cn-¡pó ]¦p-h-bv¡-s¸« Adnhv þ hne-a-Xn-¡m-\mhn-ñ.
ssZh¯nsâ kuP-\y-Zm\-am-Wv hnizmkw. ssZhhpw a\p-
jy-hw-i-hp-a-mbpÅ Iïp-ap-«-en-sâ {]Im-i-]qÀW-amb hgn
Xsóbmb c£m-N-cn{Xw ImWm\pÅ hn\-bhpw hniz-kn-
¡m\pw kzbw kaÀ¸n-¡m-\p-apÅ [oc-X--bpw- AXn\v B-h-
iyapïv.
ss{IkvXh -hn-izm-k-¯nsâ ]qÀWX
15. "Fsâ Znhkw ImWm-'saó {]Xo-£-bnð...-
A-{_mlw B\µn-¨p. Ah³ AXp- Im-Wp-Ibpw kt´mjn-
¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp' (tbml 8:56). A{_m-l-¯nsâ hnizmkw
tbip-hnte¡v Dòq-J-am-bn--cpóp. HcÀ°-¯nð Ahn-Ss¯
clkyw AXp ap³Iq-«n-I-ïp. hnip² BK-kvXo-t\mkv
CXp a\-Ên-em-¡nbXp-sIm-ïmWv Xmsg-¸-d-bpó {]kvXm-
h\ \S-̄ n-bXv. "]qÀh-]n-Xm-¡òmÀ hnizm-kw-sImïp c£n
-¡-s¸-«p þ kam-KX-\mb {InkvXp-hn-epÅ hnizm-kw -sIm-ï
ñ hcm-\ncn¡pó {InkvXp-hn-epÅ hnizmkwsImïv, `mhn-
bn-se tbip-kw`-h¯nte¡v \o§pó hnizm-kw-sIm-ïp-
Xsó'.13
ss{IkvX-h-hn-izmkw tbip-hnð tI{µo-Ir-Xam-Wv. tbip
IÀ¯m-hmsWópw ssZhw Ahn-Ss¯ arX-cnð \nóv Dbn
À¸n-¨p-sh-óp-apÅ Gäp-]-d-¨nemWXv (cf tdmam 10:9). ]g-
b-\n-b-a-¯nse Fñm Nn´m-[mc-Ifpw {InkvXp-hnð ka-
\z-bn-¡póp. Ahn-Sóv Fñm hmKvZm-\-§Ä¡p-apÅ kp\n-
Ýn-X-amb "AtX' BWv, ssZh-t¯mSpÅ \½psS BXy-
´n-I-amb "Bt½³' ]d-¨n-ensâ ASn-Øm\w BWv (cf
tImdn 1:20). tbip-hnsâ Ncn{Xw ssZh-¯nsâ hnizm-ky-X-
bpsS k¼qÀW-amb shfn-s¸-Sp-¯-emWv. X§-fpsS Gäp-
]-d-¨nensâ -tI{µambn `hn-¨Xpw hnizm-k-¯nsâ ho£-
Ww hnim-e-am-¡nbXp-amb ssZh-kvt\l-¯nsâ al-
¯mb {]hr-¯n-I-fmWv C{km-tbð HmÀ½n¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-
¡p-ósX¦nð, tbip-hnsâ Pohn-X-am-I-s«, ssZh-¯nsâ
BXy-´n-I-amb CS-s]-S-ensâ Øm\hpw \t½m-SpÅ
Ahn-Ss¯ kvt\l-¯nsâ ]c-a-amb {]Im-i-\hpw Bbn-cn-
¡p-óp. tbip-hnð ssZhw \t½mSp ]d-bpó hN\w
tIhew At\Iw hm¡p-I-fnð Hóñ. ]nsótbm Ahn-
32 33
Ss¯ \nXy-h-N-\-amWv (cf sl{_m 1:1-2). hnip² ]utem-
kv \s½ HmÀ½n-¸n-¡p-óXp-t]mse, ssZh-¯n\p Xsâ
kvt\l-¯n\v CXnð IqSp-Xð Kymcïn \evIp-hm-\nñ (cf
tdmam 8:31-39).
A§s\ ss{IkvXhhnizm-ksaóXv, kw-]qÀW-kvt\
l-¯nepw AXn-sâ- ^e-Zm-bIiàn-bnepw, temIs¯
cq]m-´cs¸Sp-¯m\pw Imes¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡m-\p-apÅ
AXnsâ Ign-hn-ep-apÅ hnizm-k-am-Wv. "ssZh-¯n\p \t½m-
SpÅ kvt\lw \mw Adn-bp-Ibpw AXnð \mw hniz-kn¡p-
I-bpw- sN-bvXn-cn-¡póp' (1 tbml 4:16). tbip-hnð shfn-
hm¡-s¸« ssZh-kvt\-l-¯nemWv, Fñm bmYmÀ°yhpw
AXnsâ A´n-a-`m-K-t[-bhpw ASn-Øm-\s¸Sp-¯m-hpó
ASn-¯d hnizmkw ImWp-óXv.
16. {InkvXp-hnsâ kvt\l-¯n-\pÅ hnizm-ky-X-bpsS
Gähpw hy-à-amb sXfnhv \ap-¡p-th-ïn-bpÅ Ahn-Ss¯
ac-W¯n-em-Wv I-sï-t¯-ï-Xv. Hcp-h³ Xsâ kplr¯p
¡Ä¡p-thïn Poh³ XyPn-¡p-óXv kvt\l-¯nsâ ]c-a-
amb sXfn-hmWv (cf tbml 15:13). A§-s\-sb-¦nð, tbip
Fñm-hÀ¡pw- thïn, Xsâ i{Xp-¡Ä¡p-thïnt]mepw,
AhcpsS lrZbw ]cn-hÀ¯\w sN¿n¡m³th-ïn, Poh³
kaÀ¸n-¨p. hnizm-k-ho-£-W-¯nsâ ]caImjvT-bmbn
{InkvXp-hnsâ {Iqim-tcm-l-W-¯nsâ aWn-¡q-dns\ kphn-
ti-j-IòmÀ IïXv F´p-sIm-ïmsWóv CXp hyà-am-
¡p-óp. B aWn-¡p-dnð ssZh-¯n-\pÅ kvt\l-¯nsâ
Bghpw hoXnbpw {]Imin-¸n-¡-s¸«p. At¸m-gmWv hnip²
tbml-óm³, tbiphnsâ A½-tbm-sSm¸w apdn-s¸-Sp-¯-s¸-
«-hs\ [ym\n¨v Xsâ DZm-¯-amb km£yw \evIn-b-Xv (cf
tbml 19:37). "CXp-I-ï- Bįsó km£y-s¸-Sp-¯n-
bn-cn-¡p-óp. Ahsâ km£yw kXy-hp-amWv...-Xm³ kXy-
amWp ]d-bp-ósXóv Ah³ Adn-bp-Ibpw sN¿póp'
(tbml 19:35).
sZkvsXb-hvkvInbpsS "Z CUn-bäv' Fó IrXn-bnð,
lm³kv tlmÄs_bn³ Zv bwKÀ hc¨ {InkvXp acn¨v Iñ-d
-bnð InS-¡pó Nn{Xw ankvIn³ cmP-Ip-am-c³ Iïn«v
]dbp-óp: "B Nn{X-¯n-te¡p t\m¡p-óXv Hcp-h\p Xsâ
hnizmkw \jvS-s¸-Sm³ Imc-W-am-Ipw'.14 acWw {InkvXp-
hnsâ ico-c-¯nð Gev]n¨ hn\m-i-I-c-amb ^e-§-fpsS
_o`-Õ-amb Nn{Xo-I-cW-amWv B Nn{X-¯n-ep-Å-Xv.
Fómepw tbip-hnsâ ac-W-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ [ym\-¯n-
emWv IrXy-ambn hnizmkw IqSp-Xð iàn {]m]n-¡p-óX-
pw I®-ôn-¸n-¡pó {]Imiw kzoI-cn-¡p-óXpw. At¸m
gmWv hnizm-k-sa-óXv {InkvXp-hn\p \t½m-SpÅ AN-ôe
-kvt\-l-¯n-epÅ hnizm-k-ambn shfn--s¸-SpóXv. Fsó
F´p-am{Xw kvt\ln-¡póp-shóv
t_m[y-s¸-Sp-¯m³ thïn ac-W-¯n-\p- ap-¼nð ]n³
hm-§m¯ Cu kvt\l-¯nð hniz-kn-¡pI km[y-am-Wv.
{InkvXp-hnsâ k¼qÀW- Bß-Zm\amb acWw Fñm kwi-
b-s¯bpw Iog-S-¡p-Ibpw Ahn-S-t¯¡v Fsó¯só
]qÀWambn `c-taev]n-¡m³ Fsó ià-\m-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p-óp.
17. {InkvXp-hnsâ D°m\¯nsâ shfn-¨-¯n-emWv
Ahn-Ss¯ acWw ssZh-kvt\-l-¯n-sâ XnIª hnizm-
ky-X shfn-hm-¡p-óXv. D°n-X-s\ó \ne-bnð {InkvXp
hniz-m-ky-tbmKy-\mb hnizkvX km£n-bpam-Wv (cf shfn
1:5; sl{_m 2:17). \½psS hnizm-k-¯n\v Dd-¸pÅ Xm§p-am-
Wv. "{InkvXp DbnÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-«n-sñ-¦nð \n§-fpsS hnizm-
kw hyÀ°-amWv' (1 tImdn 15:17) Fóv hnip² ]utemkv
Çolm ]d-bp-óp. ]nXm-hnsâ kvt\lw {InkvXp-hns\
34 35
acn-¨-hcnð \nóv DbnÀ¸n-¨nñm-bn-cp-ópsh-¦nð, Ahn-
Ss¯ ico-c-¯n\v Poh-³ hoïpw \evIm³ Ign-bp-am-bn-
cp-ón-sñ-¦nð AXv ac-W¯nsâ ¾m\-Xsb {]Im-in-̧ n-¡m³
Ign-bp-ó XnI¨pw hnizm-ky-amb kvt\l-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-ón-ñ.
hnip² ]utemkv Çolm {InkvXp-hn-epÅ Xsâ ]pXnb
Poh-nXs¯-¡p-dn¨p hnh-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ "Fsó kvt\ln-
¡p-I-bpw- F-\n-¡p-thïn Xsó¯só _en-bÀ¸n-¡p-
Ibpw sNbvX' (Kem 2:20) ssZh-]p-{X-s\-¸än ]d-bp-ópïv.
"ssZh-]p-{X-\n-epÅ hnizmkw' FóXnsâ AÀ°w ]utem-
kn\v tbiphnepÅ hnizm-k-am-sW-óXv hyà-am-Wv.
Fómð, {InkvXpXsó hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-\m-sW-óXpw
AXp ap³Iq«n k¦-ev]n-¡p-óp-ïv. ac-Ww-hsc \s½
kvt\ln-¨p-sh-óXnð am{X-añ, Ahn-Ss¯ ssZh-]p-{X-Xz-
¯n-epw A[njvTnX-amWv Cu hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-X. tbip
ssZh-]p-{X-\m-b-Xp-sImïpw Ahn-Sóv ]nXm-hnð ]qÀW-
ambn thcp-d-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óXp-sImïpw XsóbmWv ac-
Ws¯ Iog-S-¡m\pw Pohs\ ]qÀW-Xbnð {]Im-in-¸n-
¡m\pw Ahn-S-t¯¡p Ign-ªXv.
ssZh-¯nsâ kv]jvS-amb kmón-[y-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw
\½psS temI-¯nð Ahn-Sóp \S-¯pó {]hÀ¯-\-s¯-
¡p-dn-¨p-apÅ t_m[w \½psS kwkvIm-c-¯n\p \jvS-s¸-
«n-cn-¡p-óp. \½psS A\p-Zn-\-_-Ô-§-fnð \nóp Gsd
AIóp Cu temI-¯n-\-¸p-d¯v -bmYmÀ°y-¯nsâ asäm-
cp Xe-¯nemWv ssZhs¯ Isï-¯pósX-ómWv \mw
Icp-Xp-óXv. ]t£, CXm-bn-cpóp Ah-Øsb-¦nð, temI-
¯nð {]hÀ¯n-¡m³ ssZhw Ai-à-\m-bn-cpsó¦nð,
Ahn-Ss¯ kvt\lw hmkvXh-¯nð iàhpw -bYmÀ°-
hpw kXyw t]mepw- B-Ip-am-bn-cp-ónñ. AXv hmKvZm\w
sN¿pó B\µw \evIm³ Ign-hpÅ kvt\l-am-bn-cn¡p-
I-bp-an-ñ. \mw Ahn-S-ónð hniz-
knt¨m Cñtbm FóXv Hcp
hyXym-k-w t]mepw hcp-¯p-I-bp-
an-ñ. t\tcadn¨v, ss{IkvX-hÀ
ssZh-¯nsâ kv]Ài-\o-bhpw
kpi-à-hp-amb kvt\l-¯n-
epÅ hnizmkw Gäp]d-bp-óp.
B kvt\lw bYmÀ°-¯nð
Ncn-{X-¯nð {]hÀ¯n-¡p-óXpw
AXnsâ A´n-a-`m-K-t[bw \nÝ
-bn-¡p-óXp-am-Wv. Iïp-ap-«m-\m-
hpóXpw {InkvXp-hnsâ ]oUm-k-
l-\-¯nepw ac-W-¯nepw D°m-
\-̄ nepw ]qÀW-ambn shfn-hm
-¡-s¸«Xpamb kvt\l-am-W-Xv.
18. hnizm-k-¯n\p tbip-
{InkvXp \evIpó Cu ]qÀW-X
bv¡v \nÀWm-b-I-amb asämcp
hiw IqSn-bp-ïv. hn-izm-k-s¯
kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯m-fw, ssZh-
kvt\l-¯nsâ ]c-a-amb shfn
s¸-S-emb -{In-kvXp - \mw hnizm-k-
aÀ¸n-¡pó tIhew Hcp hyàn
am{X-añ; hniz-kn-¡p-óXn-\p-th-
ïn-¯só \mw Ahn-S-óp-ambn
sFIy-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
óp. tbip-hns\ shdpsX Däp-t\m
¡eñ hnizmkw; adn¨v tbip
kz´w I®p-I-fmð ImWp-óXp-
t]mse Fñmw ZÀin-¡p-ó
tbip-hns\ shdpsX
Däp-t\m¡eñ
hnizmkw; adn¨v
tbip kz´w
I®p-I-fmð
ImWp-óXp-t]mse
Fñmw
ZÀin-¡p-óXm-WXv:
AhnS-s¯
ImgvN-¸m-Sn-epÅ
]¦p-]-ä-em-W-Xv.
36 37
Xm-WXv: AhnS-s¯ ImgvN-¸m-Sn-epÅ ]¦p-]-ä-em-W-Xv.
Pohn-X-¯nsâ ]e aWvU-e-§-fnepw \s½-¡mÄ IqSp-
Xð Adn-hp-Å-hsc \mw hniz-kn-¡mdp-ïv. \½psS
hoSp ]Wn-bpó BÀ¡n-sS-Iväns\bpw kuJy¯n\
pthïn acpóp Xcpó ^mÀa-kn-Ìn-s\bpw tImS-
Xn-bnð \ap-¡p-thïn hmZn-¡pó h¡o-en-s\bpw
\mw hiz-kn-¡póp. ssZhs¯ kw_-Ôn¨ Imcy-§-fnepw
hnizm-ky\pw hnZKv[-\p-amb Hcp hyànsb \ap¡v Bh-
iy-ap-ïv. ssZh-]p-{X-\mb tbip ssZh-s¯-¡p-dn¨v \s½
Adn-bn-¡pó hyàn-bmWv (cf tbml 1:18). {InkvXp-hnsâ
Pohn-Xw þ Ahn-Sóv ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bp-Ibpw ]nXm-hpambn
]cn]qÀW _Ô-¯nð Pohn¡p-Ibpw- sN¿pó Ahn-Ss¯
coXn þ - a-\p-jym-\p`-h-¯n\p ]p-Xn-sbmcp ho£-W-coXn
Xpdóp Xcp-óp. \ap¡v AhntSbv¡p ISóp sNñm-\m-Ipw.
"hniz-kn-¡p-I'- Fó {Inb-bpsS hnhn-[-cq-]-§Ä D]-tbm
-Kn-¨psImïvv hnip² tbml-óm³ \½psS hnizm-k¯n\v
tbip-hp-am-bpÅ Hcp sshb-ànI _Ô-¯nsâ {]m[m\yw
hyà-am-¡p-óp-ïv. tbip \t½mSp ]d-bp-óXv kXy-am-
sWóv "hniz-kn-¡póXn\p ]pdta, tbip-hns\ hniz-kn-
¡pó'-Xn-s\bpw tbip-hnð "hniz-kn-¡p-ó'-Xn-s\-bpw Ip-
dn¨v hnip² tbml-óm³ ]d-bp-óp. Ahn-Ss¯ hm¡pw
km£yhpw kzoI-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ \mw tbip-hns\ hniz-kn-
¡p-óp. Fs´-ómð Ahn-Sóv kXy-hm-\m-Wv. \mw tbip-
hns\ hyàn-]-c-ambn \½psS Pohn-X-¯n-te¡p kzmKXw
sN¿p-t¼mgpw Ahn-Són -te¡p kô-cn-¡p-t¼mgpw kvt\
l-¯nð Ahn-S-t¯mSv H«nt-¨-cp-t¼mgpw ]mX-bnð Ahn-
Ss¯ Ime-Sn-Isf ]n³sN-ñp-t¼mgpw \mw tbip-hnð hniz-
kn-¡p-óp.
\mw Ahn-Ss¯ Adn-bm\pw kzoI-cn-¡m\pw A\p-K-an-
¡m\pw thïn \½psS icocw ssZh-]p-{X³ kzoI-cn-¨p.
Cu hn-[-¯nð Ime-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ Hcp bm{X-bpsS ]
Ým-¯-e-¯nð, ]nXm-hn-s\¡pdn-¨pÅ Ahn-Ss¯ ho£-
W-¯n\v Hcp am\p-jn-am\hpw ssIh-óp. ss{IkvX-h-hn-
izm-k-sa-óXv ssZh-h-N-\¯nsâ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-¯nepw
Ahn-Ss¯ imco-cnI D°m-\-¯n-ep-apÅ hnizm-k-am-Wv.
\½psS am\p-jn-I-N-cn-{X-¯nð {]th-in-¡-¯-¡-hn[w
\t½mSv Dä-_-Ô-apÅ Hcp ssZh-¯n-epÅ hnizm-k-am-
W-Xv. \{k-¯nse tbip-hnð a\p-jy-\m-bn-¯oÀó ssZh-
]p-{X-\n-epÅ \½psS hnizmkw \s½ bmYmÀ°y-¯nð
\nóv thÀs]-Sp-¯p-I-bñ, adn¨v AXnsâ AXy-Km-[-amb
AÀ°w {Kln-¡m³ \s½ klm-bn-¡pIbmWv sN¿p-
óXv. ssZhw Cu temIs¯ F{X-am{Xw kvt\ln-¡p-óp-
shópw AXns\ Xón-te¡p \nc-´cw \bn-¡p-óp-sh-ópw
{Kln-¡m³ \s½ Ign-hp-Å-h-cm-¡p-óp. ss{IkvX-h-scó
\ne-bnð CXv \s½ hÀ[-am-\-amb kaÀ¸-W-_p-²n-
tbmSpw Xo{h-X-tbmSpw IqSn- Cu temI-¯nð Pohn-X-w \
bn-¡m³-t{]cn-¸n¡póp.
hnizmk¯mepÅ c£
19. tbip Imcy-§Ä ImWpó coXn-bn-epÅ ]¦p-tN-c-en-
sâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nð hnip² ]utemkv hnizm-k-Po-hn-X-
¯nsâ Hcp hnh-cWw \ap¡p \evIn-bn-«p-ïv. hnizm-k-Zm\w
kzo-Icn¡póXv hgn hnizm-kn-IÄ Hcp ]pXnb krjvSn-bm-
bn-¯o-cp-óp; Hcp ]pXnb AkvXnXzw AhÀ kzoI-cn-¡p-óp.
ssZh-¯nsâ a¡-sfó \ne-bnð AhÀ Ct¸mÄ "-]p-{X-\nð
]p{X-cmWv'. tbip-hnsâ A\p-`-h-¯n-sâ khn-ti-j-X-bmb
"Aºm, ]nXmth' Fó ssien Ct¸mÄ ss{IkvX-hm-\p-`-h-
¯nsâ aÀ½-am-bn-¯o-cpóp (cf tdmam 8:15). hnizm-k-Po-hnXw
38 39
]p{X-k-l-P-amb AkvXn-Xz-saó \ne-bnð, a\p-jym-kvXn
-Xz-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-am-bn-cn-¡pó BZn-ahpw auen-I-hp-
amb Zm\s¯ AwKo-I-cn¡-em-Wv. sImdn-t´m-kp-Im-tcm-
SpÅ hnip² ]utem-knsâ tNmZy-¯nð CXv hyà-ambn
\mw ImWpóp: "\n§Ä kzoI-cn-¡m-¯-Xmbn \n§Ä¡v
F´mWp-ÅXv?' (1 tImdn 4:7). ^cn-tk-b-cp-am-bn hnip²
]utemkv \S-¯nb XÀ¡-¯nsâ aÀ½w CXmbncpóp-:
c£ t\Sp-óXv hnizm-k-¯m-emtWm AtXm \nb-a-¯nsâ
{]hr-¯nI-fm-emtWm? kz´w {]hr-¯n-I-fpsS ASn-Øm-
\-¯nð ssZh-Xn-cp-ap-¼msI X§Ä \oXo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«-h-
cm-sWóp Icp-Xp-óh-cpsS at\m-`m-hs¯ ]utemkp XÅn-
¡-f-bp-óp. A¯cw Bfp-IÄ Iev]-\-IÄ A\p-k-cn-¡p-Ibpw
kXvIÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄt]mepw
AhÀ X§-sf-̄ só tI{µ-Øm-\¯p \ndp-̄ p-óp. \òbpsS
t{kmXkv ssZh-amsWóv AhÀ Xncn-̈ -dn-bp-ón-ñ.
Cu hn[-¯nð Pohn-¡p-óhÀ, kzbw \oXn-bpsS Dd-hnSw
Bbn-cn-¡m³ B{K-ln-¡p-óhÀ, kz´w \oXn s]s«óp
XI-cp-óp-shópw \nbaw ]men-¡m³ t]mepw X§Ä¡p Ign-
hn-sñópw thKw a\-Ên-em-¡pw. AhÀ X§-fnð¯só
AS-¨p-aq-Sn-¡-gn-bp-óh-cm-bn-¯o-cp-w. IÀ¯m-hnð \nópw
aäp-Å-h-cnð\nópw Hä-s -̧«-h-cm-bn-̄ o-cp-w. C¡m-c-W-̄ mð
shÅ-̄ nð \nóv AIóp \nev-¡pó acwt]mse-Ah-cpsS
PohnXw ^e-iq-\y-hpw Ah-cpsS {]hr-¯n-IÄ hÔyhp-am-
bn-¯o-cpw.
hnip² BK-kvXo-t\mkv kzX-kn-²-amb ssien-bnð,
kw£n-]vXhpw {it²-b-hp-amb hn[-¯nð, C{]-Imcw
]dªp: "\nsó krjvSn-¨-h-\nð \nóv \o ]n´n-cnªp
t]mI-cp-Xv, \nónte¡p Xncn-bm³th-ïn-t¸mepw' (Ab eo
qui fecit te, noli deficere nec ad te).15 ssZh-¯nð \nóp ]n´n-cn-
bp-óXn-eqsS Rm³ Fsó¯só Isï-¯p-saóv Rm³
Nn´n-¡p-t¼mįsó Fsâ PohnXw XI-cm³ XpS-§p-
óp (cf eq¡m 15:11þ24). \ap¡p apt¼ DÅ Hón-t\m-Sp- ]pe
À¯pó Xpdhv BWv c£-bpsS Bcw-`w. Cu Zm\-¯n-
te¡v Xpd-hp-Å-h-cm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw CXns\ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p-óXp hgn am{Xta \ap¡p cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sm\pw
c£ A\p-`-hn-¡m\pw kX-v^-e-§Ä ]pd-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw
km[n-¡p-I-bp-Åq. hnizm-kw-aq-e-apÅ c£-sb-óXnsâ
AÀ°w ssZh-Zm-\-¯nsâ {]mY-ays¯ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-I-
sb-óXm-Wv. hnip² ]utemkv Çol ]d-bp-óXp-t]m-se
-Xsó: "hnizmkw hgn Ir]-bm-emWv \n§Ä c£n-¡-s¸-
«-Xv. AXp \n§Ä t\Sn-sb-Sp-¯-X-ñ, ssZh-¯nsâ Zm\-
amWv' (Ft^ 2:8).
20. hnizm-k-¯nsâ ]pXnb ImgvN-¸mSv {InkvXp- tI{µo-
IrX-amWv. {InkvXp- hnizmkw \s½ c£n¡p-óp. Fs´-
ómð Ahn-S-ónemWv \½psS PohnXw \ap¡p apt¼
DÅXpw \s½ DÅnð \nóp cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-óamb
Hcp kvt\l¯n-te¡v auen-I-ambn Xpd-¡p-óXv. \½nepw
\½n-eq-sSbpw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-ó kvt\l-am-W-Xv. \nb-am-
hÀ¯\{K-Ù-¯nse Hcp ]mT-¯n\v hnip² ]utemkp
\evIpó hymJym-\-¯nð CXp hyà-ambn ImWmw. ]g-b-
\n-b-a-k-tµ-i-¯nsâ tI{µ-t¯mSp tbmPn-¡pó Hcp
hymJym-\-am-W-Xv. ssZh-¯nsâ Iev]\ Gsd Db-c-¯ntem
Gsd AI-e-¯ntem Asñóv tami P\-t¯mSp ]d-bp-óp.
"\ap¡p-thïn Bcv kzÀK-¯n-te¡p Ibdns¨óv AXp
\ap¡p sImïp-hóp Xcpw?' Ftóm "Bcp IS-en-\-¡-sc-
t¸mbn AXp \ap¡p sImïp-hóp-Xcpw?' Ftóm (\n-bam
30:11þ14) ]d-tb-ï-Xn-ñ. ]utemkv Çol ssZh-h-N-\-¯nsâ
Cu kmao-]ys¯ {InkvXym-\n-bn-epÅ {InkvXp-hnsâ
kmón-[y-¯nsâ `mj-bnemWv hymJym-\n-¡p-óXv: "Bcp
40 41
kzÀK-¯n-te¡p Ibdpw?' (A-Xm-bXv {InkvXp-hns\ arX-
cnð\nóv DbÀ¯n-s¡m-ïp-h-cm³) AYhm Bcv ]mXm-f-
¯nte¡p Cd§pw ({In-kvXp-hns\ acn-¨-h-cnð \nóv DbÀ
¯m³) Fón-§s\ \n§-fpsS lrZ-b-¯nð ]d-b-cpXv (tdmam
10:6þ7).
{InkvXp `qan-bn-te¡v Cd-§n-h-óp. arX-cnð \nóv Dbn
À¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ssZh-]p-{X³ Xsâ a\p-jym-h-Xm-chpw
D°m-\hpw hgn apgp-h³ a\p-jy-Po-hnXs¯bpw Ncn-{X-
s¯bpw BtÇ-jn¨p. Ct¸mÄ ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hn-eqsS-
\½psS lrZ-b-§-fnð hkn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿póp. ssZhw
\½psS kao-]-t¯¡p hóp-shópw {InkvXp hen-sbmcp
Zm\ambn \ap¡p \evIs¸«n-cn¡pópshópw hnizmkw
Adn-bp-óp. al-¯mb B Zm\w \s½ B´-cn-I-ambn cq]m-
´-c-s¸-Sp-¯pIbpw \½nð \nh-kn¡p-Ibpw A§s\
Pohn-X-¯nsâ DZv`-h-hpw- A-h-km-\hpw þ a\p-jy-{]-bm-W-
¯nsâ apgp-h³ Ime-ko-abpw þ {]Imin¸n¡pó shfn¨w
\ap¡p \evIp-Ibpw sN¿-póp.
21. At¸mÄ, hnizmkw \s½ sImsï-¯n-¡pó ]pXpa
{Kln-¡m³ \ap¡p km[n-¡pw. hniz-kn-¡p-óhÀ kvt\l-
¯mð cq]m-´-co-Ir-X-cm-Ip-óp. B kvt\l-¯n-te¡v
hnizm-k-¯nð lrZbw Xpdóh-cm-Wv AhÀ. BZn-a-kvt\-
l-¯nsâ Cu hmKvZm\-¯n-te-¡pÅ Ah-cpsS Xpd-hp-aqew
Ah-cpsS PohnXw hÀ²n-Xhpw hn]p-e-hp-am-bn-¯oÀóp:
"C\n-tað Rm\ñ Pohn-¡p-óXv, ]nsótbm {InkvXp-
hmWv Fónð Pohn-¡p-óXv' (Kem 2:20); "{InkvXp \n§-
fpsS lrZ-b§-fnð hnizmk¯neqsS \nh-kn-¡s«' (Ft^
3:17). hnizm-k-¯nð, tbip-shó A]-c\v hkn¡m-\mbn
hnizm-kn-bpsS "Rm³' t_m[w hnI-kn-¡p-óp. AtXmsS
"Rm³' Cu "A]-c-\n'ð hkn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.
AXv Ct¸mÄ Cu A]-c-\nð
Pohn-¡p-óp. A§s\, hnizm-kn-
bpsS PohnXw kvt\l-¯nð hn
kvXr-XamIp-óp. ChnsS ]cn-ip-
²m-ßm-hnsâ {]hÀ¯\w Xsó
bmWv \mw ImWp-óXv. ss{Ikv
X-h\v tbip-hnsâ I®p-sImïp
ImWm\pw Ahn-Ss¯ lrZ-b-hn-
Im-c-§sf kz´-am-¡m\pw Ahn-
Ss¯ ]p{X-k-l-P-amb at\m-
`m-h-¯nð ]¦p-tN-cm\pw Ign-
bp-óp. Fs´-ómð {InkvXym\n
Ahn-Ss¯ kvt\l-w Xsóbmb
]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnð ]¦p-tN-cp-óp.
Cu kvt\-l-¯nemWv tbip-
hnsâ Xsó ho£Ww Hcp {]
tXy-I-X-c-¯nð \mw kzoI-cn-¡p
-óXv. kvt\l-¯nð Ahn-S-
t¯mSv A\p-cq-]-s¸-SmsX, Cu
kvt\lw \½psS lrZ-b-§-fnð
\nth-in-¸n-¡pó ]cn-ip-²m-ßm
hnsâ kmón-[y-an-ñm-sX (tdmam
5/5), IÀ¯m-hmbn Ahn-Ss¯
Gäp]d-bm³ km[y-añ (cf 1 tImdn
12:3).
hnizm-k-¯nsâ
k`m-ß-I-cq]w
22. C§s\ hnizm-kn-bpsS
PohnXw Hcp k`m-ßI AkvXn-
Xz-ambn ̀ hn-¡p-óp. k`-bnð \bn
kvt\l-¯nð
Ahn-S-t¯mSv
A\p-cq-]-s¸-SmsX,
Cu kvt\lw
\½psS
lrZ-b-§-fnð
\nth-in-¸n-¡pó
]cn-ip-²m-ßmhnsâ
kmón-[y-an-ñm-sX
(tdmam 5/5),
IÀ¯m-hmbn
Ahn-Ss¯ Gäp]
d-bm³ km[y-añ
(1 tImdn 12:3).
Akoknbnse
hnip² {^m³knkv
(1181-1226)
42 43
-¡-s¸-Spó Hcp Pohn-X-am-bn¯ocp-óp. {InkvXp-hnð hniz-
kn-¡p-óh-scñmw Hä ico-c-am-Wóv hnip² ]utemkv
tdmam-bnse {InkvXym-\n-I-tfmSp ]d-bp-t¼mÄ, C¡m-cy-
¯nð Al-¦-cn-¡-cp-sXóp Xm¡oXp sN¿p-óp. -]-I-cw,
"ssZhw Hmtcm-cp-¯À¡pw \evIn-bn-cn-¡pó hnizm-k
¯nsâ Af-h-\p-k-cn¨v hnth-I-]qÀhw Nn´n-¡Ww' (cf
tdmam 12:3). hniz-kn-¡p-óhÀ X§Ä Gäp-]-d-bpó hnizm
-k-¯nsâ shfn-¨-¯nemWv X§-sf¯só ImWpóXv:
X§fpsS {]XnOmb ]qÀWambn km£m-XvI-cn-¡-s¸«
Xmbn AhÀ ImWp-óXv {InkvXp B-Ipó I®m-Sn-bn-em-Wv.
Xónð hniz-kn-¡pó Fñm-h-scbpw {InkvXp Xón-te¡p
tNÀ¡p-Ibpw Ahsc Xsâ ico-c-am¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-ó
Xpt]mse Hcp {InkvXym\n Xsó¯só aäp kIe hnizm
-kn-I-tfmSp-apÅ k¯m-]-c-am-b _Ô-¯nð icoc-¯nsâ
Ah-b-h-ambn kzbw ImWp-óp.
ico-c-¯nsâ D]-a-sIm-ïv, AÚm-X-amb GtXm Hcp
]qÀW-i-co-c-¯nsâ `mKw am{X-amWv Hcp hnizmkn Fóv
AÀ°-am-¡p-ónñ; hen-sbmcp b{´¯nse shdpw ]ð¨-
{I-amsWópw AÀ°-am-¡p-ón-ñ. adn-¨v, AXp {InkvXp-hn\v
hnizm-kn-I-tfmSpÅXpw hnizm-kn-IÄ¡v ]c-kv]-cap-ÅXp
amb- ssPh_ÔamWv AXv shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-óXv (cf tdma
12:4-5). "{InkvXym-\n-IÄ' HómWv (cf Kem 3:28); Fómepw
X§-fpsS hyàn-Xzw \jvS-s¸-Sp-¯m-¯- coXn-bn-emWvv ss{I
kvX-hÀ "Hóm'-bn-cn-¡p-óXv. A]-cÀ¡p sN¿pó ip{iq-j-
bnemWv Hmtcm-cp-¯cpw X§-fp-sS- k¯-bpsS km£m-Xv
Imcw tXSp-óXv.
Cu ico-c-¯nð \nóIóv, {InkvXp-hn-epÅ k`bpsS
Cu sFIy-¯n\p ]pd¯v þ sdmamt\m KmÀZn-\n- ]d-bp-ó
Xp-t]mse þ "temI¯n\p- ta-epÅ {InkvXp-hnsâ ]qÀW-
X-bpÅ ZÀi-\-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-¯nse kwhm-l-I-'16bmb
Cu k`bv¡p ]pd-¯v, hnizm-k-¯nsâ AfhptImð \jv
S-s¸-SpósX-´p-sIm-ïm-sWóv hni-Zo-I-cn-¡m³ CXn\p
Ign-bpw. hni-zm-k¯n\v AXnsâ k´p-en-Xm-hØ þ \ne\n
ev¡m\m-h-iy-amb CSw þ Isï-¯m³ Ign-bmsX hcpóp.
hnizmkw \nÀ_-Ô-ambpw k`m-ß-I-am-Wvv; hnizm-knI-
fpsS aqÀ¯-amb Iq«m-bva-sbó \ne-bnð {InkvXphnsâ
ico-c-¯n-\I¯p\nópsIm-ïmWv AXv {]tLm-jn¡-s¸-
Sp-óXv. Cu k`m-ßI ]Ým-¯-e¯nemWv hnizmkw Hcp
{InkvXym-\nsb aäp-Å-h-cn-te¡v Xpd-hp-Å-h-\m-¡p-óX.v
{InkvXym\n-bpsS lrZ-b-¯nð {InkvXp-hnsâ hN-\-¯nsâ
B´-cnIiàn-bpsS {]hÀ¯\¯mð Hcn-¡ð tIÄ¡
s -̧Spó hN\w ]nóoSv Hcp {]Xyp-̄ -c-am-bn, Hcp kwkm-cn-¡-
s¸-Spó hN-\-am-bn, Hcp hnizm-k-{]-Jym-]-\-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp.
hnip² ]utemkv Çol ]d-bp-óXp-t]mse "a\p-jy³
lrZ-b-w sImïp hniz-kn-¡p-Ibpw...-A[cw sImïp Gäp]
d-bp-Ibpw... sN¿póp' (tdmam 10:10).
hnizmkw Hcp kzIm-cy-hnj-btam XoÀ¯pw hyàn-KX-
amb Hcm-i-btam hyàn-]-c-amb Hcp A`n-{]m-btam Añ.
AXv tIÄhn-bnð \nóp hcpóp. hm¡p-I-fn-eqsS {]Im-i\w
Isï¯m\pw {]tLm-jn-¡-s¸-Sm\pap-Å-Xm-WXv. Fs´-
ómð, "AhÀ Hcn-¡epw tI«n-«n-ñm-¯-h-\nð F§s\ hniz
-kn¡pw? {]tLm-jI\n-ñmsX AhÀ F§s\ tIÄ¡pw?'
(tdmam 10:14). kzoI-cn-¡-s¸« Zm\-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nð,
AXm-b-Xv, {InkvXp-hn-te¡p \s½ BIÀjn-¡pó kvt\
l¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nð, hnizmkw ss{IkvX-h-\nð
{]-hÀ¯-\-£-a-am-IpIbpw (cf Kem 5:6) temIm-h-km\w hsc
k` Ncn-{X-̄ n-eqsS \S-̄ pó alm-XoÀ°m-S-\-̄ nsâ `mK-
am-bn-¯o-cm³ \s½ ià-cm-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. Cu coXn-
bnð ]cn-hÀ¯n-X-cm-bn-¯oÀóhÀ¡p ]pXn-sbmcp ho£-
W-KXn Xpd-óp-In-«p-óp; hnizmkw Ah-cpsS I®pIÄ¡pÅ
shfn-¨-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp.
44 45
ssZhw {]Im-in¡p-óh\m-Wv. BßmÀ°
lrZ-b-t¯msS Ahn-Ss¯ At\z-jn-¡p-óhÀ¡v
Ahn-Ss¯ Isï-¯m³ Ign-bpw. (No. 35)
\n§Ä hnizkn¡pónsñ¦nð
\n§Ä¡p a\ÊnemIpIbnñ. (cf Gi¿ 7:9)
hnizmkhpw kXyhpw
23. \n§Ä hnizkn¡pónsñ¦nð \n§Ä¡p a\Ênem
IpIbnñ (cf Gi¿ 7:9). lo{_p ss__nfn\v AeIvkm
¬{Unbmbnð {Ko¡p`mjbnð \nÀ½n¨ sk]vXzmPn´v
Fó hnhÀ¯\¯nð Blmkv cmPmhnt\mSv Gi¿m {]hm
NI³ ]dª hm¡pIÄ¡v apIfnð ]dª XÀÖabmWv
\ðInbn«pÅXv. C§s\ kXys¯¡pdn¨pÅ Adnhv Fó
hnjbw hnizmks¯ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw tI{µ#oIrX
ambncn¡póp. lo{_p]mT¯nð hyXykvXambn«mWp Im
WpósX¦nepw {]hmNI³ cmPmhnt\mSp ]dbpóp: ""\o
46 47
hnizkn¡pónsñ¦nð \o kpØm]nX\mbncn¡pIbnñ''.
ChnsS hm¡pIÄ sImïpÅ Ifnbpïv. Aam³ Fó
{lo{_p {Inbbv¡pÅ cïv AÀ°§sf ASnØm\s¸Sp
¯nbmWv A§s\ sNbvXncn¡póXv. B {Inbbv¡v ""\o
hnizkn¡pw'' (Xm Aan\p) Fópw ""\o Øm]n¡s¸Spw' (tX
Bta\p) Fópw AÀ°apïv.
Blmkv cmPmhv i{Xp¡fpsS iàn Iïv AXy´w ̀ b
s¸«p. Akodnb³ almkm{amPyhpambn kJyw sNbvXmð
DïmImhpó kpc£nXXzamWv cmPmhv At\zjn¡póXv.
t\tcadn¨v, {]hmNI³ ]dbpóXv C{kmtbenâ ssZhamb
Dd¸pÅ, ØncXbpÅ ]mdbnð ]qÀWambn B{ibn¡pI
bmWv thïsXómWv. ssZhw hnizmktbmKy\mWv. AXp
sImïv ssZh¯nð hnizmkapïmbncn¡pI sbóXpw
AhnSs¯ hN\w apdpsI¸nSn¡pIsbóXpw bpànkl
amWv. Gi¿ ]nóoSv Hcp hmNI¯nð cïp {]mhiyw
""Bt½³ Bb ssZhw'', ""kXy¯nsâ ssZhw'' (cf Gi¿m
65:16) Fón§s\ hnfn¡póXv CtX ssZhs¯bmWv. Ahn
Sóv DS¼Sn]camb hnizkvXXbpsS Ømbn-bmb ASn¯d
bmWv.
ss__nfnsâ {Ko¡p hnhÀ¯\¯nð ""Øm]n¡s¸«
Xmbncn¡pI''sbóXv ""a\Ênem¡pI''sbóv hnhÀ¯\w
sNbvXXp hgn ]mT¯nsâ AÀ°s¯ Bg¯nð amänbn
cn¡pIbmWv. ssZh¯nð hnizkn¨v B{ibn¡pIsbó
ss__nÄ]camb Bib¯nð \nóv AIópamdn _p²n
]camb {Kln¡ð Fó {Ko¡v Bib¯nte¡p \o§nbn
cn¡pIbmWv. Cu hnhÀ¯\w XoÀ¨bmbpw {Ko¡pkwkv
ImchpambpÅ kwhmZs¯ {]Xn^en¸n¡póXmWv. F
ómepw, lo{_p]mT¯nð A´Àeo-\-am-bn-cn-¡pó ssNX
\y¯n\v AXv A\yañ. Gi¿m {]hmNI³ cmPmhn\p
hmKvZm\w sN¿pó Dd¸pÅ ASnØm\w ssZh¯nsâ
{]hÀ¯\s¯¡pdn¨pÅ [mcWbnepw a\pjyPohnX
¯n\pw Xsâ P\XbpsS Ncn{X¯n\pw AhnSóp \evIpó
sFIy¯nepw XoÀ¨bmbpw ASnbpd¸n¨ncn¡póXmWv.
ssZh¯nsâ hnizkvXXbnð bpK§sf `cn¡pó
ssZh¯nsâ Úm\]qÀ®amb ]²Xn IïpsImïv
ssZh¯nsâ hgnIÄ a\Ênem¡m³ {]hmNI³ cmPmhn
s\bpw, \s½bpw, shñphnfn¡póp. ""a\Ênem¡ð,'' ""Øm
]nXambncn¡ð'' Fóo Bib§fpsS Cu DZv{KY\s¯,
""Gäp]d¨nepIÄ'' (Confessions) Fó Xsâ BßIYbnð
hnip² BKkvXot\mkv kzoIcn¨n«pïv. kpØncw \ne
sImtÅïXn\v Hcph³ B{ibnt¡ï kXys¯¸än
]dbpt¼mgmWv A§s\ sN¿póXv: ""At¸mÄ Rm³
A§bpsS kXy¯nsâ aqibnen«v, hmÀs¯Sp¯v Dd¸p
Åh\mbn \nesImÅpw.''17 ss__nÄ hyàam¡póXp
t]mse, Ncn{X¯nð DS\ofapÅ ssZh¯nsâ hnizkvX
kmón[yhpw Ime§sfbpw bpK§sfbpw Hón¸n¨p\ndp
¯m\pw \½psS PohnX§fpsS NnXdn¡s¸« CgIsf
Hón¨p tNÀ¡m\papÅ AhnSs¯ IgnhpamWv ssZh
¯nsâ hnizmktbmKyamb Cu kXysaóv ImWn¡m
\mWv BKkvXot\mkv Dt±in¡póXv.18 kmlNcy¯nð
\nóp \ap¡Xp {Kln¡mw.
24. Cu {]Imi¯nð hmbn¡pt¼mÄ, {]hmNI]c
amb Cu ]mTw \s½ Hcp \nKa\¯nte¡p \bn¡póp:
\ap¡v Adnhv BhiyamWv, \ap¡v kXyw BhiyamWv.
Fs´ómð Ch IqSmsX \ap¡v Dd¨p\nev¡m\mhpIbnñ.
\ap¡v aptóm«p \o§m³ km[n¡pIbnñ. kXyw IqSm¯
hnizmkw c£n¡pIbnñ. AXp \½psS Nph-Sp-Isf kpc
-£n-X-am-¡p-ónñ. AXv at\mlcamb Hcp IYbmbn \ne
48 49
\nev¡pw. kt´mj¯n\pthïnbpÅ \½psS AKm[amb
Zml¯nsâ {]ISn¸n¡embn \nesImÅpw. \mw kzbw
hôn¡m³ CjvSs¸SpónSt¯mfw \s½ Xr]vXns¸Sp
¯m³ Ignbpó Hómbn \nesImÅpw. Asñ¦nð Bßk
t´mjhpw BËmZhpw \evIpó DbÀó Hcp hnImcw
am{Xambn Npcp§pw. AXv \½psS a\Ênsâ Nm]ey§
Ä¡pw EXpt`Z§Ä¡pw Ccbmbn \nesImÅpw. \nÝ-b-
ZmÀVy-t¯msS PohnXbm{X \S-¯m³ Ignhnñm¯Xmbn
cn¡pw AXv. hnizmkw apI-fnð¸-d-ª-Xp-t]mse Bbncp
só¦nð Blmkv cmPmhv Xsâ Pohs\bpw cmPy-¯nsâ
kpc£nXXzs¯bpw Hcp hnImc¯nsâ tað ]Wbw
shbv¡mXn-cn-¡p-óXv icnbmIpambncpóp. ]t£, hnizmk
¯n\p kXyt¯mSv B´cnI_Ôapïv. AXpsImïv
]pXnsbmcp {]Imiw \evIm³ hnizmk¯n\p Ignbpw.
B {]Imiw cmPmhnsâ IW¡pIq«epIsf¡mÄ t{ijvT
amWv. ImcWw, AXv IqSpXð AIse ImWpóp. Xsâ
DS¼SntbmSpw hmKvZm\§tfmSpw hnizkvXX ]peÀ¯pó
ssZh¯nsâ Ics¯ ]cnKWn¡pIbpw sN¿póp.
25. hnizmkhpw kXyhpw X½nepÅ Cu _Ôs¯
¸än Cóv ap³Imes¯¡mÄ Gsd \mw A\pkvacnt¡ï
Xpïv. ImcWw, \½psS ImeL«¯nð kXy¯n\v hnja
ØnXnbpïmbncn¡póp. kaImenIkwkvImc¯nð km
t¦XnIhnZybpsS kXyamWv GI bYmÀ° kXysaóp
Nn´n-¡m-\pÅ {]hWX \ap¡v ]e-t¸m-gp-ap-ïv: \½psS
imkv{Xob sshZKv[yw sImïv ]Sp¯pbÀ¯m\pw Af
¡m\pw km[n¡pósXt´m AXmWv kXysaóp Icp-X-
s¸-Spóp. {]hÀ¯\-£-a-am-bn-cn-¡póXpw Pohn-Xs¯ IqSp
Xð Ffp-¸-ap-ÅXpw kpJhpam-¡p-ósXt´m AXp kXy-
ambn-cn¡p-óp. C¡me¯v CXmWv XoÀ¨bpÅ GIkXy-
ambn ImWs¸SpóXv þ ]¦phbv¡mhpó GIkXyw, NÀ¨
bv¡p ASnØm\ambn¯ocm³ Asñ¦nð s]mXp kwcw
`¯n\v ASnØm\ambn¯ocm³ Ignbpó FI-kXyw.
Fómð, Afhp-tImensâ asä- A-ä¯vv hyàn-bpsS
hyàn\njvTamb kXy§sf AwKoIcn¡m³ \mw X¿m-
dmIpóp. Ahsâtbm AhfpsStbm AXyKm[amb t_m[y
§fnð DÄs¡mïncn¡póhbmWv B kXy§Ä. Fómepw
B kXy§Ä B hyànsb kw_Ôn¨p am{Xta km[p
hmbncn¡pIbpÅq. s]mXp \òbv¡p tkh\w sN¿m
\pÅ {ia¯nð aäpÅhÀ¡v Ah \nÀt±in¨psImSp¡m³
IgnhpÅhbñ. Fómð, hyàn]chpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-
amb PohnXs¯ ka{Kambn hnhcn¨p sImSp¡m³ Ign
bpó ]cakXywXsó kwibt¯msS ho£n-¡-s¸-Spóp.
XoÀ¨bmbpw Ignª \qämïnð þ \mw ]dªp tI«n
«pÅXpt]mse þ GIm[n]Xy]camb henb {]Øm\§Ä
X§Ä¡v C¯cw kXyapsïóv AhImis¸«ncpóp.
hyànIfpsS bYmÀ° PohnX§sf sRcn¨pXIÀ¡m³
thïn B kXyw kz´w temIho£Ws¯ ASnt¨
ev]n¨p. Ahkm\w Bt]£nIXmhmZw (Relativism) am{X
-amWv Ct¸mÄ Ah-ti-jn-¨n-cn-¡p-óXv. AXnð kmÀh
{XnIkXysaó {]iv\wþBXy´nIambn CXv ssZhsaó
hnjb¯nð F¯n \nev¡pw þ A{]kàambn-cn-¡p-óp.
Cu ho£W{]Imcw aXhpw kXyhpw X½nepÅ _Ôw
hntOZn¡m³ {ian¡pIsbóXv bpànklambncn¡pw.
Fs´ómð AXv aX{`m´nsâ (Fanaticism) Imc-W-saóv
AhÀ Icp-Xp-óp. Htc hnizmkw ]¦nSm¯hsc ]oUn¸n
¡póXmWv aX{`m´n\v ImcWw. CXns\ kw_Ôn¨n
St¯mfw \½psS kaImenItemI¯vv kaql]cambn«pÅ
HmÀ½¡pdhpsïóp \ap¡p ]dbmw. kXys¯ kw_Ôn¨
{]iv\w bYmÀ°¯nð HmÀ½bpsS {]iv\amWv, km{µ-
amb HmÀ½bpsS {]iv\w. Fs´ómð AXv \ap¡v ap¼p \
50 51
Só Hóns\ kw_Ôn¡póXmWv. \nÊmchpw ]cnanXhp
amb \½psS sshbànIt_m[s¯ AXnibn¡pó hn[
¯nð \s½ sFIys¸Sp¯m³ AXn\p Ignbpw. Akv
XnXzapÅ Fñmänsâbpw DXv]¯nsb¡pdn¨pÅ {]iv\
amWXv. B DXv]¯nbpsS shfn¨¯nð e£ys¯bpw
A§s\ \½psS s]mXpamÀ¤¯nsâ AÀ°s¯bpw
ho£n¡m³ \ap¡p km[n¡pw.
kXys¯bpw kvt\ls¯bpw Ipdn¨pÅ Adnhv
26. Imcy§fpsS ØnXn CXmbncnt¡, kXys¯ {Kln
¡póXnsâ icnbmb amÀ¤s¯ kw_Ôn¨v s]mXp\ò
bv¡p tkh\w sN¿m³ ss{IkvXhhnizmk¯n\p Ign
bptam? Cu tNmZy¯n\v D¯cw ]dbphm³ hnizmk¯n
epÅ Adnhnsâ C\s¯ kw_Ôn¨v \mw Nn´n¡Ww.
ChnsS hnip² ]utemknsâ Hcp sNmñv \s½ klmbn
¡m³ iàamWv. ""Hcph³ lrZbw sImïv hnizkn¡póp''
(tdmam 10:10). ss__nfnð lrZbw a\pjyhyànbpsS
tI{µamWv. AhnsS hyànbpsS hyXykvX am\§Ä
Cg tNcpóp: icochpw ssNX\yhpw, B´cnIXbpw temI
t¯mSpw A]ctcmSpapÅ Xpdhpw, _p²niàn, COm
iàn, sshImcnIX Fó Cu am\§sfsbñmw Hón
¸n¨v kwhln¡m³ IgnhpÅXmWv lrZbsa¦nð AXnsâ
ImcWw kXyt¯mSpw kvt\lt¯mSpw \mw XpdhpÅh
cmIpóXv AhnsSbmWv FóXmWv. Ah \s½ kv]Àin
¡m\pw \s½ Bg¯nð ]cnhÀ¯nXcm¡m\pw \mw A\p
hZn¡póXpw AhnsSbmWv. kvt\lt¯mSv Hcp hyàn
F{Xam{Xw XpdhpÅh\mbncn¡pópthm A{Xam{Xw apgp
h³ hyànsbbpw hnizmkw cq]m´cs¸Sp¯póp.
hnizm-k-¯n-sâbpw kvt\l-¯n-sâbpw Cu kwtbm-Pn-
¸n-¡-en-eqsSbmWv hnizm-k-¯nsâ X\-Xmb Adn-hn-sâ
coXn-sbbpw -t_m[yw hcp-¯m-
\pÅ AXnsâ iàn-sbbpw \
½psS ]mX-Isf {]Im-in-¸n-¡m-
\pÅ AXnsâ Ign-hn-s\bpw
\mw {Kln-¡p-óXv. hnizmkw
Adn-bp-óp. kvt\l-t¯mSp _
Ôn-¡-s¸-«n -cn -¡p-ónSt¯mf
amWv hnizm-k-¯n\v Adn-bm³
Ign-bp-óX,v Fs´-ómð kvt\
lw- AXnð¯só -{]-Im-ihmln-
bm-Wv. \s½ B´-cn-I-ambn
cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw ]pXnb
I®p-IÄsImïv bmYmÀ°y
s¯ ImWm³ \s½ ià-cm-
¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-ó ssZh-¯nsâ
Af-hä kvt\lw \mw kzoI-cn-
¡p-t¼m-gmWv hnizmk[mcW
Dïm-Ip-óXv.
27. hnizm-khpw Xoˬbpw
X½n-epÅ _Ô-¯n\v X¯z-
Úm-\n-bmb epUvhnKv hnävsK
³sÌ-bn³ \evIn-bn-«pÅ hni-Zo-
I-cWw kp{]-kn-²-am-Wv. At±-
l-̄ nsâ A`n-{]m-b-̄ nð hniz-
kn-¡-ens\ t{]an-¡-ensâ A\p
-`-h-t¯mSp Xmc-Xayw sN¿mw.
AXv hyàn-\n-jvT-amb Hóm-Wv.
Fñm-h-scbpw kw_-Ôn v̈ km[p-
hm-bn-cn-¡pó Hcp kXy-ambn
AXns\ \nÀt±-in-¡m³ km[n-
\s½ B´-cn-I-ambn
cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw
]pXnb I®p-IÄ
sImïv bmYmÀ°ys¯
ImWm³ \s½
ià-cm-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p-ó ssZh-¯nsâ
Af-hä kvt\lw \mw
kzoI-cn-¡p-t¼m-gmWv
hnizmk[mcW
Dïm-Ip-óXv.
52 53
¡p-I-bn-ñ.19 bYmÀ°-¯nð, kvt\ls¯ GsX-¦nepw
Xc-¯nð kXy-t¯mSp _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óXmbn C¡m-
e¯v an¡-hcpw Icp-Xp-ón-ñ. kvt\ls¯ £WnIhnIm-
c-§fpsS temI-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« þ kXyt¯mSv H«pw
_Ô-s¸-Sm¯ þ A\p-`-h-am-bn-«mWv ImWp-óXv.
Fómð CXv kvt\-l-s¯ kw_Ôn¨v ]cym-]vX-amb
hnh-c-W-amtWm? bYmÀ°-¯nð, kvt\ls¯ £W-`w-Kp-
c-amb Hcp hnIm-c-ambn Npcp-¡m³ ]mSn-ñ. \½psS sshIm-
cn-I-X IqSn DÄt¨ÀóXmWv kvt\l-w. kvt\l-`m-P-\-¯n-
te¡v Xpd-hp-ïm-Im³ thïn-bm-W-Xv. A§s\ kzbw
tI-{µo-bX-bnð \nóv AIóv A]-c-\n-te¡pÅ ]mX AXv
{]tim-`n-X-am-¡p-óp. imiz-X-amb Hcp _Ôw Øm]n-¡m
\mWXv. kvt\l`mP-\-hp-am-bpÅ sFIyw kvt\lw -e-£y-
an-Spóp. kvt\l-̄ n\p kXyw F´pam{Xw Bh-iy-ap-sïóv
ChnsS \mw ImWm³ XpS-§p-óp. kvt\lw kXy-¯nð
ASn-bp-d-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óXnsâ Af-h-\p-k-cnt¨ AXv ZoÀL-
Imew \ne-\n-ev¡p-I-bp-Åq; £Wn-I- \n-an-j-§Ä¡v AXo-
X-am-Ip-I-bpÅq; Hón-¨pÅ bm{Xsb Xm§n-\n-dp-¯m³
thï{X Dd-¸p-Å-Xm-Ip-I-bpÅq.
kvt\l¯n\p kXy-t¯mSp _Ôan-sñ-¦nð AXv Nô
-e-hn-Im-c-§-fpsS Cc-bm-bn-¯o-cpw. ka-b-¯nsâ ]co-£sb
AXn-Po-hn-¡m³ AXn\p Ign-bm-Xm-Ipw. t\tc-a-dn-¨v, bYm
À° kvt\lw, \½psS hyàn-Xz-¯nsâ Fñm LS-I-§-
sfbpw sFIy-s¸-Sp-¯p-óp. AXv al¯-chpw km£m-Xv
Ir-X-hp-amb Hcp Pohn-X-¯n-te-¡pÅ hgn ImWn-¡pó
]pXnb {]Im-i-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp. kXyw IqSm-Xn-cp-ómð Dd-
¸pÅ Hcp-_Ôw Øm]n-¡m³ kvt\l¯n\p Ign-bp-I-
bn-ñ. \½psS Hä-s¸« Als¯ kzX-{´-am-¡m\pw Ign-bp-
I-bn-ñ. Pohn-Xs¯ sI«n-¸Sp¡m\pw ^e-]qÀW-am-¡m\pw
thïn AXns\ £WnI\nan-j-§-fnð \nóv c-£n-¡m\pw
Ign-bp-I-bn-ñ.
kvt\l¯n\p kXyw Bh-iy-ap-sï-¦nð kXy¯n\p
kvt\ls¯bpw Bh-iy--ap-ïv. kXyhpw kvt\lhpw thÀ
Xn-cn-¡m-\m-hm-¯-h-bm-Wv. kvt\l-an-ñm-Xn-cp-ómð kXyw
XWp-¯Xpw hyàn-]-c-a-ñm-¯-Xp-am-Ipw; Bfp-I-fpsS A\p-
Zn-\-Po-hn-Xs¯ ]oUn-¸n-¡p-óXpam-bn-cn-¡pw.
\mw At\z-jn-¡pó kXyw, \½psS Pohn-X-bm-{Xbv¡v
AÀ°-w \evIpó kXyw, \mw kvt\l-¯mð kv]Àin-¡-
s¸-Sp-t¼m-sgñmw \s½ {]Im-i-]qÀW-cm-¡p-óp. kvt\lw
kXym-\p-`-h-am-sWóv kvt\ln-¡p-óh³ a\-Ên-em-¡p-óp.
t{]a-`m-P-\hp-am-bpÅ sFIy-¯nð bmYmÀ°ys¯ ]pXn-
sbmcp coXn-bnð ImWp-hm³ \½psS I®p-IÄ AXp Xpd-
¡p-óp. Cu AÀ°-¯nð, kvt\lw Xsó Adn-hmWv ("amor
ipse notitia est')20 Fóv Fgp-Xm³ alm-\mb hnip² {KnK-dn¡p
km[n-¨p. AXm-b-Xv, kvt\lw Xsó kz´w bpànbpÅ
Hcp Xcw Adn-hm-sWóv At±lw Fgp-Xn. AXv temIs¯
ImWp-óXnsâ _Ô]c-amb Hcp coXn-bm-Wv. temIw
At¸mÄ ]¦p-h-bv¡-s¸-Spó Adn-hnsâ Hcp cq]-am-Ipw; A]-
csâ I®p-I-fn-eq-sS-bpÅ ZÀi-\-am-Ipw; Fñm-än-s\bpw
kw_-Ôn¨ s]mXp ImgvN-¸m-Sm-Ipw.
a[y-bp-K-¯nð skbnâ v Xotb-dn-bnse hneyw Cu ]mc-
¼cyw ]n´p-SÀóp. Imap-I³ Imap-In-tbmSv "\nsâ I®p-IÄ
amS-{]m-hp-I-fmWv' (D-¯a 1:15) Fóp ]d-bpó D¯-a-Ko-X
-hm-Iys¯ hymJym-\n-̈ p-sImïv ]d-bpóp:21 Cu cïp I®p-
IÄ hnizmkw \ndª bpànbpw kvt\l-hp-am-W.v ssZh-
[ym\-¯n-te¡v F¯n-t¨-cp-óXn\v Ah cïpw Hóm-bn-
¯o-cp-óp. ChnsS _p²n -{]-Im-in-X-kvt\-l-¯nsâ _p²n-
bm-bn-¯o-cp-óp.22
54 55
28. Adn-hnsâ Dd-hn-S-saó \ne-bn-epÅ kvt\l-¯nsâ
Cu Isï-¯ð þ Hmtcm kv{Xobp-sSbpw ]pcp-j-sâbpw
BZn-am-\p-`-h-¯nsâ `mK-am-WXv þ hnizm-ks¯ kw_-
Ôn¨ thZ-{K-Ù-[m-c-W-bnð B[n-Im-cnI {]I-mi\w
ImWp-óp. X§sf Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p-Ibpw Hcp P\-am-¡p-
Ibpw sNbvX ssZh-¯nsâ kvt\lw Bkz-Zn-¨Xn-eqsS
ssZhn-I-]-²-Xn-bpsS k¼qÀW sFIyw Xncn-¨-dn-bm³
C{km-tb-en\p Ign-ªp. hnizm-k-þ-A-dnhv ssZh-¯nsâ
DS-¼-Sn-]-c-amb kvt\l¯nð \nóp P\n-¡póXn-\mð
AXv Ncn-{X-¯nð Hcp kômc-amÀKs¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡pó
Adn-hm-Wv. AXp-sIm-ïmWv ss__n-fnð kXyhpw hniz-
kvX-Xbpw Hón-¨p-t]m-Ip-óXv. kXy-ssZhw hniz-kvX-X-
bpsS ssZh-am-Wv. Ahn-Sóv Xsâ- hm-Kv-Z-m\-§Ä ]men-
¡p-óp. X¡-Im-e¯v Xsâ ]²-Xn-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ IqSp-Xð
AKm-[-amb Adnhv km[y-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. hn{]hm-
k-¯nsâ thZ-\-bnepw, hnip² \K-c-¯n-te-¡pÅ kp\n-
Ýn-X-amb Xncn-¨p-t]m-¡n-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ {]Xym-i-bnepw,
krjvSn XpS§n temI-¯nsâ apgp-h³ Ncn-{X-s¯bpw
BtÇ-jn-¡m-\mbn X§-fpsS Ncn-{X-¯n-\p-a-¸p-d-t¯¡v
Cu ssZhn-I-kXyw Ic-§Ä hncn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-óp-shóv
{]hm-N-Iòm-am-cpsS A\p-̀ -h-̄ n-eqsS C{km-tbð {Kln-̈ p.
hnizm-k-þ-A-dnhv Hcp {]tXyI P\-X-bpsS `mK-t[-b-¯n³
tað am{X-añ shfn¨w hoip-óXv. krjvSn-¡-s¸« temI-
¯n-sâ, AXnsâ Bcw`w apXð Ah-km\w hsc-bpÅ,
apgp-h³ Ncn-{X-¯n³taepw shfn¨w hoip-óp-ïv.
hnizmkw tIÄhnbpw ImgvNbp-saó \ne-bnð
29. a\pjy-t\mSp kvt\l-_Ô-w Øm]n-¡p-Ibpw Ah-
t\mSp hN-\-a-dn-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó hniz-kvX-\mb Hcp
ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ DS-¼-Sn-tbmSp _Ô-s¸-«-Xm-Wv hnizm-k-
¯nsâ Adn-hv. AXp-sImïp Xsó ss__nÄ AXns\
Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óXv {ih-W-am-bn-«m-Wv. -AXv {ih-tW-
{µn-b-t¯mSp _Ô-s¸-«-Xm-Wv. ¢mkn-¡-em-bn-¯oÀó Hcp
t^mÀape hnip² ]utemkv D]-tbm-Kn-¡póp: "hnizmkw
tIÄhnbnð\nóp hcp-óp' ( fides ex auditu, tdmam 10:17). Hcp
hm¡n-t\mSp _Ô-s¸« Adnhv Ft¸mgpw hyàn-]-c-amb
Adn-hm-Wv. kwkmcn-¡pó hyàn-bpsS i_vZw AXp Xncn
-¨-dn-bp-óp. kzmX-{´y-t¯msS B hyàn-bn-te¡v kzbw
Xpd-¡p-óp. B hyànsb A\p-k-c-W-bnð A\p-K-an-¡p-óp.
A§s\ "hnizm-k-¯nsâ A\p-k-c-Ws¯-¡p-dn¨v (cf td-
mam 1:5; 16:26) ]d-bm³ hnip² ]utem-kn\v km[n-¨p.23
hnizmkw ka-b-K-Xn-tbmSp _Ô-s¸« Adn-hp-am-Wv.
Fs´-ómð- hm¡p-IÄ D¨-cn-¡m³ kabw thWw. injy-
Xz-¯nsâ Hcp bm{X-bnð am{Xw kzmwio-I-cn-¡-s¸-Spó
Hcp Adn-hp-am-W-Xv. A§-s\, Adnhpw kvt\lhpw X½n-
epÅ _Ôw IqSp-Xð hyà-ambn {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-óXn\v
{ih-Ww- klm-bn-¡p-óp.
kXy-¯nsâ Adn-hns\ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw Nne-t¸m-
sg-¦nepw tIÄhnsb ImgvNbv¡v hncp-²-am-bn- Ah-X-cn-¸n-
¨n-«p-ïv. ImgvNbv¡v Duóð \evIp-I-sb-óXv {Ko¡p- kwkv
Imc-¯nsâ khn-tijXbm-W.v
a\p-jy³ Ft¸mgpw Bin-¨n-«pÅ kmI-ey-XbpsS
[ym\s¯ shfn¨w km[y-am-¡p-sa-¦nepw asämcp hi-¯p-
\nóp t\m¡n-bmð AXv kzmX-{´y-¯n\v CSw \evIp-
ónñ Fóp ]d-bmw. Imc-Ww, AXv kzÀK-¯nð \nón-d-§n,
t\cn«v I®p-I-fn-te¡p F¯p-óp; I®nsâ {]Xyp-¯cw
{]Xo-£n-¡msX Xsó. a\p-jy³ kt´m-jn-¡p-Ibpw
kln-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó temI-K-Xn-bnð \nópw thÀs]«v
56 57
Hcp \nÝ-e-[ym-\¯n-te¡v AXv \s½ £Wn-¡póp
shópw tXmómw. Cu ho£-W-tIm-Wnð\nóp t\m¡p-
t¼mÄ Adn-hn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ thZ-{K-Ù-]-c-amb [mcW
{Ko¡p-Im-cpsS [mc-Wbv¡v hncp-²-am-bn-cn-¡pw. Imc-Ww,
bmYmÀ°y-¯nsâ ka-{K-amb Adnhp t\Sm-\pÅ {ia-
¯n-ð {Ko¡p-ImÀ Adn-hn-s\ -Im-gvN-tbmSp _Ôn¸n-¨p.
Fómepw Btcm-]n-¡-s¸-Spó Cu ssh-cp²yw thZ-{K-
Ù-]-c-amb hnh-c-§-tfmSv tbmPn-¡p-ón-ñ. ]g-b- \n-baw
cïp-X-c-¯n-ep-apÅ Adn-hns\ Iq«n-t¨À¯p.- Im-c-Ww,
ssZh-¯nsâ hN\w tIÄ¡ð Ahn-Ss¯ apJw ImWm-
\pÅ B{K-l-t¯mSp tNÀóncpóp. A§s\ {Ko¡p
kwkvImchp-am-bpÅ Hcp kwhm-Z-¯n-\p-thï ]Ým-¯-e-
ap-ïm-bn. hnip-²-en-Jn-X-¯nsâ lrZb-¯nð¯sóbpÅ
Hcp kwhm-Z-am-W-Xv. {ihWw hyàn-]-c-amb hnfn¡pw
A\p-k-cW-¯n\pw kXyw Ime-¯n-\p-Ånð shfn-hm-
¡-s¸-Sp-óp-shó bmYmÀ°y-¯n\pw Duóð \evIp-óp.
ImgvN apgp-h³ bm{Xm-]Y-¯nsâbpw Hcp ZÀi\w \ev
Ip-óp. AXv ssZh-¯nsâ ka-{K-amb ]²-Xn-bpsS DÅnð
Øm]n-¡-s¸-Sm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. Cu ZÀi-
\-an-ñm-Xn-cp-ómð, AÚm-X-amb k¼qÀW-X-bpsS ]c-
kv]-c-_-Ô-an-ñm¯ `mK-§Ä am{Xw ImWpóh-cm-bn- \mw
Ah-ti-jn-¡pw.
30. hnizm-k--Úm-\-¯nsâ am[y-a-§Ä Fó \ne-bnð
ImgvNbpw tIÄhnbpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw hnip² tbml-
ómsâ kphn-ti-j-¯nð Gähpw hyà-ambn ImWmw. \
mem-as¯ kphn-ti-j-a-\p-k-cn¨v hniz-kn-¡p-Isb-ómð
Htc kabw "tIÄ¡pI' FóXpw "ImW-p-I' FóXpam-Wv.
hnizm-k-¯nsâ tIÄhn kw`-hn-¡p-óXv kvt\l-¯nsâ
Xsó Adn-hnsâ cq]-¯nem-Wv: AXv hyàn-]-c-amb {ih-
W-am-Wv. kzcw hnth-Nn¨v \ñ CS-btâXv Xncn-¨-dn-bpó
HómWv (cf tbml 10:3þ5). BZys¯ injyòm-cpsS Imcy-
¯nseót]m-se-Xsó injyXzw Bh-iy-am-bn-h-cpó tIÄ
hnbm-WXv: "tbip C¡m-cy-§Ä ]d-bp-óXp-tI«v AhÀ
Ahs\ A\p-K-an-¨p' (tbml 1 :37).
Fómð, hnizmkw ImgvN-tbmSpw _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡pó
Hóm-Wv. tbip {]hÀ¯n¨ AS-bm-f-§-fpsS ImgvN Nne
kµÀ`-§-fnð Bfp-Isf hnizm-k-¯n-te¡p \bn-¨n-«p-ïvv,
emk-dns\ DbnÀ¸n¨ kw`-h-¯n-\p-ti-jw, "Ah³ sNbvX-
sX-s´óp Iïv Ah-\nð hniz-kn¨' (tbml 11:45) blq
Zsct¸mse. aäv Ahk-c-§fnð hnizmkw XsóbmWv IqSp-
Xð AKm-[-amb ZÀi-\-¯n-te¡p \bn-¡p-óXv; "hniz-kn-
¨mð \o ssZh-al¯zw ZÀin¡pw' (tbml 11:40).
Ah-km-\w, hnizmkhpw ImgvNbpw ]c-kv]cw kwK-an
¡p-óp. "Fónð hniz-kn-¡p-óh³...-Fsó Ab-¨-h-\n-
emWp hniz-kn-¡p-óXv. Fsó ImWp-óh³ Fsó Ab-
¨-hs\ ImWp-óp' (tbml 12:44-þ45). At¸mÄ tIÄhnbp-
am-bpÅ Cu sFIy-¯nsâ ^e-ambn ImgvN {InkvXzm\p-
K-a\w Bbn-¯o-cpóp. hnizmkw Däp-t\m¡-ensâ Hcp
{]bm-W-ambn ImW-s¸-Spóp. AXnð I®p-IÄ AKm-[-
ZÀi-\-¯n-\mbnv ]cn-io-e\w t\Sp-Ibpw sN¿póp. CuÌÀ
{]`mXw A§s\ tbml-óm-\nð \nóv adnbw aKv-Z-te-\-
bn-te¡p \o§póp: tbml-óm³ iq\y-amb Iñ-d-bpsS
ap¼nð AXn-cmhn-es¯ Ccp-«nð \nóp-sImïv "ImWp-
Ibpw hniz-kn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp' (tbml 20:8). aKvZ-te\
adnbw tbip-hns\ I-ï-Xn-\p-tijw (cf tbml 20:14),
Ahs\ ]nSn-¨p\ndp-¯m³ B{K-ln-¨-p-. ]nXm-hnsâ ]¡-
te¡v {]bmWw sN¿p-óXsó [ym\n-¡m³ tbip Ah-
tfmSp Iev]n-¨p. Ah-km\w injyòm-cpsS ap¼nð Ah-Ä
58 59
k¼qÀW-amb Gäp-]-d-¨nð \S¯n: "Rm³ IÀ¯m-hns\
Iïp' (tbml 20:18).
tIÄhnbpw ImgvNbpw X½n-epÅ Cu DZv{K-Y-\-¯nð
Hcp- hyàn F§s\ F¯n-t¨cpw? Zriy\pw {ihy-\p-amb
{InkvXp-hm-Ipó hyàn-bn-eqsS XsóbmWv AXp km[y-
am-IpóXv. Ahn-Sóv amwkw-[cn¨ hN-\-am-Wv. Ahn-Ss¯
al¯zw \½Ä Iï-XmWv (tbml 1:14). hnizm-k¯nsâ
shfn¨w ]nXmhv Zriy-\m-Ipó Hcp apJ¯nsâ shfn-¨-
am-Wv. \memw kphn-ti-j-¯nð hnizmkw BÀÖn-¡pó
kXyw ]p{X-\n-epÅ ]nXmhnsâ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯-em-Wv.
AhnSs¯ ico-c¯nepw Ahn-Ss¯ `uan-I-{]-hr-¯n-I-fn-
ep-apÅ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯-em-Wv. "tbip-hnsâ ̀ mkpc PohnXw'
Fóv \nÀh-Nn-¡-s¸-Sm-hpó kXy-amWXv.24
hnizm-k-¯nsâ A-dnhv \½psS ho£-Ws¯ tIhew
B´-cn-I-k-Xy-¯n-te¡p am{Xw \bn-¡p-I-bñ sN¿p-óXv
FómWv CXnsâ AÀ°w. hnizmkw \ap¡p shfn-s¸-
Sp-¯n-¯-cpó kXyw {InkvXp-hp-am-bpÅ Iïp-ap-«-enð
tI{µo-Ir-X-amb kXy-am-Wv; Ahn-Ss¯ Pohn-X-s¯-¡p-dn-
¨pÅ [ym\-¯nepw Ahn-Ss¯ kmón-[y-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ
Aht_m[-¯nepw tI{µo-Ir-X-amb kXyw.
D°n-X-\mb IÀ¯m-hnsâ ico-cnIZÀi-\-¯n\p apón-
epÅ A¸-kvtXm-eòmcpsS "ImWpó hnizm-ks¯' (oculata
fides) kw_-Ôn¨p hnip² tXmakv AIzo-\mkv Cu AÀ°-
¯n-emWv ]d-bp-óXvv!25 AhÀ D°n-X-\mb {InkvXp-hns\
X§-fpsS I®p-IÄsIm-ïp- I-ïp, AhÀ hniz-kn-¡p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. Npcp-¡n-¸-d-ªmð, ]nXm-hnsâ he-¯p-
`m-K-¯n-cn-¡pó ssZh-]p-{X-\n-epÅ X§-fpsS hni-zmkw
Gäp-]-d-bm-³ thïn X§Ä Iï-Xnsâ AKm-[-X-bn-te-
¡p Däpt\m¡m³ AhÀ¡p km[n-¨p.
31. Cu hn-[-¯nð am{Xta, a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-¯n-eqsS
\½psS a\p-jy-Xz-¯nepÅ ]¦p-tNcen-eqsS am{Xta, kvt\
l-¯n-sâ- X\-Xmb Adn-hn\v ]qÀW-k-^-e-X-bn-te¡p
hcm³ km[n-¡p-am-bn-cp-óp-Åq. Fs´-ómð, \½p-sS -lr-
Z-b-§Ä kv]Àin-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Xsâ clkyw Xncn-¨-dn-
bm³ \s½ ià-cm-¡pó kvt\l`mP-\-¯nsâ B´-cnI
kmón-[y-¯n-te¡p \mw kzbw Xpd-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄ
kvt\l-¯nsâ {]Imiw P\n-¡póp. tIÄhntbmSpw Imgv
NtbmSpw H¸w hnip² tbml-óm\v kv]Ài\hpw hnizm-
kamWv FóXnsâ s]mcpÄ \ap¡v A§s\ a\-Ên-
em-¡mw. Xsâ BZys¯ teJ-\-¯nð At±lw Øm]n-
¡póp: "Pohsâ hN-\-s¯-¡p-dn¨v R§Ä tI«Xpw
kz´w I®p-IÄsIm-ïp IïXpw kq£n-¨p-ho-£n-¨Xpw
ssIsImïv kv]Àin-¨Xpw...' (1 tbml 1:1).
amwkw [cn¨v \½psSbnS-bn-te¡p hóXp-hgn tbip
\s½ kv]Àin-¨p. IqZm-i-I-fn-eqsS Ahn-Sóv Cópw \s½
kv]Àin-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-óp. Cu coXn-bnð \½p-sS -lr-Z-
b-§sf cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp¯ns¡mïv Ah-nSs¯ ssZh-]p
-{X-\mbn AwKo-I-cn-¡m\pw {]tLm-jn-¡m\pw Aóv Ahn-
Sóv A\p-h-Zn-¨p. Cópw A\p-h-Zn-¡póp. hnizm-k-¯nð
\ap¡v Ahn-Ss¯ kv]Àin-¡p-Ibpw Ahn-Ss¯ Ir]m-h-c-
¯nsâ iàn kzo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿mw. cà-{km-h-¡mcn
kv{Xo tbip-hns\ kv]Àin-¡p-Ibpw kpJ-s¸-Sp--Ibpw
sNbvX kw`-h-¯nsâ hnh-c-Ww (cf eq¡m 8:45þ46) hymJym-
\n-¨p-sImïv hnip² BK-kvXo-t\mkv C§s\ ]d-bpóp:
"\½psS lrZ-bw-sImïv Ahn-Ss¯ kv]Àin-¡p-I, AXm-
Wv hniz-kn-¡p-I-sb-óXnsâ AÀ°w'.26 P\-¡q«w tbip-
hns\ Xn¡n-sR-cp-¡p-óp. ]t£, hnizm-k-¯nsâ hyàn-
]-c-amb kv]Ài-\-t¯msS AhÀ Ahn-Ss¯ ]¡-te¡v
F¯pón-ñ. Ahn-Sóv ]nXm-hns\ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯pó ]p{X
60 61
-\m-sWó clkyw B kv]À
i\-t¯m-sS-bmWv Xncn-¨-dnbp
óXv. \mw tbip-hn-t\mSv A\p-
cq-]-s¸-s«-¦nð am{Xta, Ahn-
Ss¯ ImWm³ Bh-iy-am-bn
cn-¡pó I®p-IÄ \ap¡v e`n-
¡p-I-bp-Åq.
hnizm-khpw bpànbpw
X½n-epÅ kwhmZw
32. ss{IkvXh-hn-izmkw
ssZh¯nsâ k¼qÀW-kvt\-
l¯nsâ kXys¯ {]tLm-jn
¡pIbpw B kvt\l-¯nsâ
iàn-bn-te¡p \s½ Xpd-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p-óX-\p-k-cn¨v AXv
\½psS am\p-jn-Im-\p-̀ -h n̄sâ
tI{µ¯n-te¡p Bgvón-d§p-óp.
kvt\lw aqew \½nð Hmtcm-cp-
¯cpw {]Im-i-¯n-te¡p hcp-
óp. \½nð Hmtcm-cp-̄ cpw {]Im-
i-¯nð \ne-\-nev¡m³ thïn
kvt\ln-¡m³ hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-I
bpw sN¿p-óp. tbip-hnð shfn-
hm-¡-s¸« ssZh-kvt\l¯mð
apgp-h³ bmYmÀ°y-s¯bpw
{]Imin-¸n-¡m³ Xo{h-ambn B{K
-ln-̈ p-sImïpw AtX kvt\l
¯mð aäp-Å-hsc kvt\ln-¡m³
]cn{ian-¨p-sImïpw BZn-a
ss{IkvX-hÀ kXy-¯n-\p-
thïn Zmln-¡pó {Ko¡p-Im-cpsS temI-¯nð kwhm-Z-
¯n-\pÅ BZÀi]-c-amb ]¦m-fn-sb- I-ïp.
{]mNo-\-Im-es¯ ZmÀi-\n-I-Nn-´bp-am-bpÅ kphn-ti-
j-k-tµ-i-¯nsâ Iïp-ap-«ð kIe P\-X-I-fp-sSbpw kphn-
ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-¯n\v ASn-¯d ]mInb \nÀWm-b-I-amb
Hcp kw`-h-am-bn-c-póp. B Iïp-ap-«ð hnizm-khpw bpànbpw
X½n-epÅ ̂ e-]qÀW-amb ]c-kv]-c-{]-hÀ¯-\s¯ {]tNm-
Zn-¸n-¨p. B {]hÀ¯\w \qäm-ïp-I-fn-eqsS \½psS Cu
Ime-L-«w-hsc XpScpóp.
hnizm-khpw bpànbpw F§s\ ]c-kv]cw iàn-s¸-
Sp-¯p-óp-shóv hmgv¯-s¸« tPm¬t]mÄ cïm-a³ amÀ
]m¸ hnizm-khpw bpànbpw (Fides et Ratio) Fó Nm{In-I-
te-J-\-¯nð ImWn-¨p-X-ón-«p-ïv.27 {InkvXp-hn-\pÅ kvt\
l-¯nsâ ]qÀW-amb {]Imiw Hcn¡ð \mw Isï-¯n-
bmð \mw Hcp hkvXpX a\-Ên-em-¡pw: AXm-b-Xv, \½psS
Pohn-X-¯n-epÅ Hmtcm kvt\lhpw B {]Im-i-¯nsâ Hcp
civan DÄs¡m-Åp-ópïmbncp-óp. AXnsâ BXy-́ n-I-amb
e£yhpw \mw {Kln-¡p-óp. \½psS am\p-jn-I- kvt\-lw-
{]Im-i-¯nsâ B civan DÄs¡m-Åp-ópsïó hkvXpX
\ap-¡p-thïn ssZh-]p-{X³ \S-¯nb k¼qÀW -kz-bw-Zm-
\-¯nte¡pÅ kvt\l-¯nsâ {]bmWw ImWm³ \s½
klm-bn-¡p-óp. hr¯m-I-c-¯n-epÅ Cu Ne-\-¯nð hniz
-k-¯nsâ shfn¨w \½psS kIe am\p-jn-I-_-Ô-§-
sfbpw {]Im-in-¸n¡p-óp. Fón«v B _Ô-§-Ä {In-kvXp-
hnsâ {]im-´-kvt\-l-hp-am-bpÅ sFIy-¯nð \ap¡v
Pohn-¡m\mhpw.
33. hnip² BK-kvXo-t\m-knsâ Pohn-X-̄ nð Cu {]bm
W-¯nsâ {it²-b-amb Hcp amXrI \mw ImWpóp. Ahn-sS
bpàn, AXnsâ kXy-¯n\pw hyà-Xbv¡pw thïn-bpÅ
{InkvXp-hn-\pÅ
kvt\l-¯nsâ
]qÀW-amb {]Imiw
Hcn¡ð \mw
Isï-¯n-bmð \mw
Hcp hkvXpX
a\-Ên-em-¡pw:
AXm-b-Xv, \½psS
Pohn-X-¯n-epÅ
Hmtcm kvt\lhpw
B {]Im-i-¯nsâ
Hcp civan DÄs¡m-Åp-
ópïmbncp-óp.
62 63
B{K-l-t¯m-Sp-Iq-sS hnizm-k-¯nsâ N{Ihm-f-t¯mSv DZv
{K-Yn-¡-s¸-«p. A§s\ ]pXnb Adnhp k¼m-Zn-¨p. Hcp
`mK¯v {Ko¡p-Im-cpsS ImgvNbpsS {]m[m\yw Duón-¸d-
bpó {]Imi¯nsâ X¯z-imkv{Xw BK-kvXo-t\mkv
kzoI-cn-¨p. s\tbm-t¹-täm-Wn-khpam-bpÅ (Neoplatonism)
k¼À¡w At±-ls¯ {]Im-i-¯nsâ Hcp khn-tij\nZ
Ài-\-hp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp¯n. kIe bmYmÀ°y-s¯bpw
{]Im-in-¸n-¡m³ DóX-¯nð \nóp Cd§n hcpó B
{]Imiw ssZh-¯nsâ Hcp {]XoIw BWv. A§s\ BK
-kvXo-t\mkv ssZh-¯nsâ kÀhm-Xn-im-bnXzw hne-a-Xn-
¡m³ XpS§n. Fñm hkvXp-¡Ä¡pw -ssZ-h-¯nsâ \òsb
{]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡m-\pÅ Hcp kpXm-cy-X-bp-sï-óv At±lw
Isï-¯n. Cu Xncn-¨-dnhv a\nt¡-b-\n-k-¯nð \nóv At±-
ls¯ kzX-{´-\m-¡n. \òbpw Xnòbpw X½nð \nc-´-
c-kw-L-«-\-¯n-em-sWópw Ah k¦oÀW-ambn ]c-kv]cw
Cg-t¨Àón-cn-¡p-ópshópw Nn´n-¡m³ a\n-t¡-b-\nkw
At±-ls¯ t{]cn-¸n-¨n-cp-óp. ssZhw {]Im-i-am-Ip-óp-
shó Xncn-¨-dnhv BK-kvXo-t\m-kn\v Pohn-X-¯nð ]pXn-
sbmcp Znimt_m[w \evIn. Xsâ ]m]m-hØ AwKo-I-cn-
¡m\pw \ò-bn-te¡p Xncn-bm\pw AXv At±-ls¯ Ign-
hp-ä-h-\m¡n.
adp-h-i¯v, BK-kvXo-t\m-knsâ hnizm-k-bm-{X-bpsS
\nÀWm-bI \nan-jw, Gäp-]-d-¨n-ep-IÄ- Fó Bß-I-
Y-bnð ]d-bp-óXpt]mse, DóX-¯n-epÅ, Cu temI-
¯n\¸pd-¯pÅ ssZh¯nsâ ZÀi-\-am-bn-cp-ón-ñ. ]nsót-
bm, {ih-W-¯nsâ Hc-\p-`hambn-cp-óp. ]qt´m-«-¯nðh¨v
At±lw XtómSv C§s\ ]d-bp-óXmbn Hcp i_vZw tI«p:
"FSp-¯p- hm-bn-¡pI'. At±lw At¸mÄ hnip-²- ]u-tem-
knsâ teJ-\-§-fS§nb {KÙ-sa-Sp-¯v tdmam-¡mÀ¡pÅ
teJ-\-¯nsâ ]Xn-aqómw A[ymbw hmbn-¨p- Xp-S-§n.28
a\p-jy-t\mSp kwkm-cn-¡m\pw Ah-t\m-sSm¯p h-kn-
¡m³ Xmtg-¡nd§n-h-cm\pw Ncn--{X-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ Ahsâ
bm{X-bnð kl-N-cn-¡m\pw tIÄhn-bpsSbpw {]Xyp-¯-c-
¯n-sâbpw kab¯v kzbw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw Ign-hpÅ
ss__n-fnse hyàn-]-c-\mb ssZhw A§s\ At±-l-
¯n\p {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-óp.
Fómepw hN-\-¯nsâ ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ Cu Iïp-ap-
«ð {]Im-i-s¯bpw ImgvNsbbpw XÅn-¡-f-bm³ BK-kv
Xo-t\m-kns\ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-ón-ñ. tb-ip-hn-epÅ ssZh-kvt\-
l¯nsâ shfn-]m-Sn-\mð Øncw \bn-¡-s¸«v At±lw
{ih-W-¯n-sâXpw ImgvNbp-sSbpamb cïp ho£-W-§-
sfbpw ka-\z-bn-¸n-¨p.- A{]-Imcw BK-kvXo-t\mkv shfn-
-̈̄ nsâ Hcp X¯z-imkv{Xw hnI-kn-̧ n-s -̈Sp-̄ p. hm¡n\p
kzIo-b-amb ]mc-kv]-cys¯bpw shfn-¨-¯n-te¡p t\m¡p
óXnð \nóp-ïm-Ipó kzmX-{´y-s¯bpw BtÇ-jn-¡m³
Ign-bpó Hcp X¯z-im-kv{X-am-W-Xv.
hm¡nt\mSp kzX-{´amb {]Xyp-¯-cw tNÀóp-t]mIp-
óXp-t]mse {]Imiw AXp {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡pó {]Xn-_nw-
_-¯nð Hcp {]Xyp-¯-cw Isï¯p-óp. AXp-sIm-ïv
BK-kvXo-t\m-kn\v tIÄhn-sbbpw ImgvNsbbpw Iq«n-t¨
À-¡m\pw "DÅnð {]I-min-¡pó hm¡n-s\'29 kw_-Ôn¨v
]d-bm\pw km[n-¡póp. {]Imiw Hcp hm¡nsâ {]Im-i
-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp-shóp ]d-bmw. Fs´-ómð AXv hy-àn-
]-c-amb Hcp apJ--¯nsâ {]Im-i-am-Wv. \s½ {]Im-in-¸n-
¨psImïv \s½ hnfn-¡p-Ibpw \½psS apJ¯v {]Xn-_nw-
_n¡m\pw \½psS DÅnð \nóv {]Im-in-¡m\pw AXp
]cn-{ian-¡p-Ibpw sN¿póp. Fómepw Ncn-{X-¯nsâ
shdpw `mK-§Ä am{Xw ImWmsX apgp-h³ bmYmÀ°y-
s¯bpw ImWm-\pÅ B{Klw \½nð Ah-ti-jn-¡p-óp.
64 65
B B{Klw Ah-km\w ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡-s¸-Spw; BK-kvXo
-t\mkp ]d-bp-óXp-t]mse \mw ImWp-Ibpw kvt\ln¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄ \nd-th-dpw.30 apgp-h³ shfn-¨hpw ssIb-
S-¡m³ \ap¡p Ign-bp-óXp-sIm-ïñ AXp \nd-thdp-óXv.
{]Imiw Ft¸mgpw A£b-a-mbn-cn-¡pw. \½Ä apgp-h-\mbn
B {]Im-i-¯n-te¡v {]th-in-¡p-óXp-sImïmWv AXp
]qÀ¯o-I-cn¡-s¸-Sp-óXv.
34. -kXys¯ kw_-Ôn¨ \½psS Ime-L-«-¯nse
tNmZy-§sf {]Im-in-¸n-¡m³ hn-izm-k-¯n\p kz´-a-mbn-
«pÅ kvt\l-¯nsâ shfn-¨-¯n\v Ign-bpw. Cóp an¡-
t¸mgpw kXyw Hmtcm-cp-¯-cp-sSbpw
hyàn-\njvT-amb B[nIm-cn-I-X-bmbn Npcp-¡-s¸-Sp-I-
bm-Wv.- AXv hyàn-bpsS Pohn-Xs¯ kw_-Ôn¨p am{Xta
km[phmbn-cn-¡p-I-bp-Åq. tkzOm-[n-]-Xy-]-c-amb k{¼-Zm-
b-§fpsS ASn-t¨-ev]n-¡ent\mSv s]mXp-k-Xys¯ \mw
XZm-ßy-s -̧Sp¯p-óXn\mð AXp \½nð `b-ap-f-hm-¡p-óp.
Fómð kXyw kvt\l¯nsâ kXy-am-sW-¦nð, \nXy
-\mb A]-c-t\mSpw aäp-Å-h-tcm-Sp-apÅ hyàn-]-c-amb
Hcp Iïp-ap-«-enð shfnhm-¡s¸-Spó kXy-am-Wv AsX-
¦nð, hyàn-I-fnð AXv A\p-`-hn-¡pó XS-¦-enð \nóv
AX-ns\ kzX-{´-am-¡pIbpw s]mXp-\ò-bpsS `mK-am-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿pw.
kvt\l-¯nsâ kXy-saó \ne-bnð _ew {]tbm-
Kn¨v ASn-t¨-ev]n-¡m-hp-ó -H-óm-bn-cn-¡p-I-bpanñ AXv;
hyànsb izmkw ap«n-¡p-ó Hóm-bn-cn-¡p-I-bp-an-ñ. AXv
kvt\l-¯nð \nóp P\n-¨-Xm-I-bmð lrZ-b-¯n-te¡v,
Hmtcm kv{Xobp-sSbpw ]pcp-j-sâbpw hyàn-]-c-amb tI{µ-
¯n-te¡v Bgvón-d§m³ AXn\p km[n-¡pw. At¸mÄ
hyà-am-bpw, Hcp Xc-¯nepw hg-§m¯ Hóñ hnizm-kw,
]nsótbm aäp-Å-h-cp-am-bpÅ BZ-c-]qÀW-amb klm-kv
Xn-Xz-¯nð hf-cpó Hóm-Wv.
hniz-mkn- Al-¦m-cn-bñ. t\sc adn-¨v, kXyw Ahs\
hn\o-X\m-¡p-óp. ImcWw, kXys¯ \mw ssIh-i-s¸-
Sp-¯póXn-t\-¡mÄ kXy-amWv \s½ BtÇ-jn-¡p-Ibpw
ssIh-i-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-ósXóv Fñm hnizm-kn-
Ifpw Adn-bp-óp. hnizmkw \evIpó kpc-£n-XXzw \s½
ab-an-ñm-¯-h-cm-¡p-óXn-t\-¡mÄ AXp \s½ Hcp bm{X
bv¡p ]pd-s¸-Sm³ X¿m-dm-¡p-IbmWv sN¿p-óXv. Fñm-h
À¡pw km£yw \evIm\pw Fñm-h-cp-ambn kwhm-Z-¯nð
GÀs¸-Sm\pw AXv \s½ ià-cm-¡póp.
kvt\l-¯nsâ kXy-t¯mSp tNÀó hnizm-k shfn¨w
`uXn-I-tem-I-¯n-\-¸p-d-¯p-Å-Xp-a-ñ. Fs´-ómð, kvt\
lw Ft¸mgpw ico-c-¯nepw Bßm-hnepw Pohn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp.
hnizm-k -shfn¨w tbip-hnsâ `mkpc Pohn-X-¯nð \nóv
{]k-cn-¡p-ó Ah-X-cn¨ {]Im-i-am-Wv. AXv `uXn-I-tem-
I-s¯bpw {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-óp, AXnsâ {Ia-¯nð hniz-kn-
¡p-óp, Ft¸mgpw hnkvXr-X-am-Ipó [mc-W-bp-sSbpw
ka-\z-b-¯nsâbpw Hcp ]mX Xpd-¡-s¸-Sp-óp-shóv AXv-
A-dn-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. A§s\ imkv{X-¯nsâ ho£Ww
hnizm-k-¯nð \nóv t\«w ssIh-cn¡póp: bmYmÀ°y-
t¯mSpw AXnsâ kIe A£-b-k-¼-óX-tbmSpw \nc-
´cw Xpd-hp-Å-h-cm-bn-cn-¡m³ hnizmkw imkv{X-Ús\
£Wn-¡p-óp.
kz´w t^mÀap-e-IÄ am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-óXnð \nóv
XS-ªp-sImïv hnaÀi-\m-ßI_p²nsb hnizmkw X«n-
bp-WÀ¯p-óp. {]IrXn Ft¸mgpw IqSpXð hep-Xm-sWóv
a\-Ên-em-¡m\pw AXns\ klm-bn-¡p-óp. AKm-[-amb
krjvSn-c-l-ky¯nsâ ap¼nð AÛp-X-ap-WÀ¯n-s¡mïv
66 67
hnizmkw bpàn-bpsS N{I-hm
-f-§sf hn]p-eo-I-cn-¡p-óp. im
kv{Xob Kth-j-W-¯n\p kzbw
Xpd-¡p-ó temI-̄ n³tað IqSp-
Xð shfn¨w hoip-óXn-\p-th-
ïn-bm-W-Xv.
hnizm-khpw ssZh-mt\z-j-
Whpw
35. ssZhs¯ At\z-jn-
¡pó Fñm-h-cp-sSbpw amÀK-
s¯bpw tbip-hn-epÅ hnizm-k-
shfn¨w {]Im-in-¸n-¡póp. hy
Xy-kvX-a-X-§-fpsS A\p-bm-bn-
I-fp-ambn kwhm-Zw- \S-¯pó
Xn\v khn-ti-j-amb ss{IkvX
h-kw-`m-h\ \evIp-Ibpw sN¿p-
óp. A{_m-l-hp-am-bpÅ DS-¼-
Sn¡p ap¼p-Xsó hnizm-k-̄ nð
ssZhs¯ At\z-jn¨ \oXn-am
òm-cpsS km£y-s¯-¡p-dn¨v
sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ-\-¯nð
]d-bpópïv. Gt\m-¡n-s\-¸än
C§s\ ]d-bpóp: "Ah³
ssZhs¯ {]km-Zn-¸n-¨p-shóp
km£yw e`n¨p' (sl{_m 11:5).
hnizmkw IqSm-Xn-cp-ómð AXv
Akm-[y-am-Wv. Fs´-ómð
"ssZh-k-ón-[n-bnð icWw {]m
]n-¡p-óhÀ ssZhw Dsïópw
Xsó At\z-jn-¡p-óhÀ¡v Ahn-Sóv {]Xn-^ew \evIp-
saópw hniz-kn-¡Ww' (sl{_m 11:6).
CXnð \nóv Hcp Imcyw \ap¡p hyà-am-Ipw: aXm-\p-
km-cn-bmb a\p-jysâ ]mX \s½ Im¯p- kw-c-£n-¡p-ó
ssZh-s¯ AwKo-I-c-n-¡póXn-eqsS ISóp-t]m-Ipóp; B
ssZhs¯ Iïp-ap-«pI Akm[y-añ. Iïpap-«m³ kzbw
A\p-h-Zn-¡p-IsbóX-ñmsX Xsó At\z-jn-¡p-óhÀ¡v
asä´p {]Xn-^-e-amWp ssZh-¯n\p \evIm\mhpI?
AXn-\p-ap-¼p- \mw Bt_-ens\ Iïp-ap«póp. Ahsâ
hnizmkw {]iw-kn-¡-s¸-«p. Ah³ kaÀ¸n¨ ImgvN-bnð
þ B«n³]-ä-¯nse {]Y-a-Pm-X-cnð þ ssZhw {]km-Zn-¨p
(sl{_m 11:4). A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-Xm-\p-`-h-§fnepw EXp-¡-fpsS
hr¯-§-fn-epw `qan-bpsS ^e-]p-jvSn-bnepw {]]-ô-¯nsâ
Ne-\-¯nepw ssZh-¯nsâ AS-bm-f-§Ä ImWm³ aXm-
ßI a\p-jy³ ]cn-{i-an-¡p-óp. ssZhw {]Im-in¡p-óh\m-
Wv. BßmÀ° lrZ-b-t¯msS Ahn-Ss¯ At\z-jn-¡p-
óhÀ¡v Ahn-Ss¯ Isï-¯m³ Ign-bpw.
Cu At\z-j-W-¯nsâ Hcp {]Xn-_nw_w ]qP-cm-Pm-¡òm-
cnepw ImWmw. AhÀ t_Xve-sl-an-te¡v \£-{X-¯mð \
bn-¡-s¸«p (cf a¯m 2:1þ12). Ahsc kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw
ssZh-¯nsâ shfn¨w AhÀ \S-t¯ï Hcp bm{X-bm-bn,
Isï-¯-ensâ ]mX-bnð Ahsc \bn¨ Hcp \£-{X-am-bn,
ImW-s -̧«p. \£{Xw \½psS I®p-I-tfmSp ssZhw ImWn-
¡pó £a-bpsS Hc-S-bm-f-am-Wv. Ahn-Ss¯ {] -̀tbmSp kp]-
cn-Nn-X-am-Im³ \½psS I®p-IÄ hf-tc-ïn-bn-cn-¡p-óp.
aXm-\p-k-mcn-bmb a\p-jy³ Hcp bm{X-¡m-c-\m-Wv.
Ah³ \bn-¡-s¸-Sm\pw Xónð \nóp ]pd-¯p-h-cm\pw \nc
-´c hnkva-b-¯nsâ ssZhs¯ Iïp-ap-«m\pw Ft¸mgpw
\£{Xw \½psS
I®p-I-tfmSp ssZhw
ImWn-¡pó £a-bpsS
Hc-S-bm-f-am-Wv.
Ahn-Ss¯ {]`-tbmSp
kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-Im³
\½psS I®p-IÄ
hf-tc-ïn-bn-cn-¡p-óp.
68 69
kó²-\m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. \½psS am\p-jnI I®p-I-tfmSv
ssZhw ImWn-¡pó Cu BZ-cw Hcp Imcyw \ap¡p ImWn-
¨p-X-cp-óp. AXm-b-Xv, ]pe-cn-bnð \£{Xw hngq-ï-s¸-Sp-
óXp-t]mse, \mw ssZh-¯nsâ ASp-¡-te¡p sNñp-t¼mÄ
Ahn-Ss¯ {]Im-i-¯nsâ A]-cn-ta-b-Xz-¯nð \½psS {]
Im-i-§Ä ebn-¨p-t]m-Ip-ón-ñ, ]nsótbm, {]` -{]Xn^en-
¸n-¡pó BZn-am-án-bn-te¡v ASp-¡pw-tXmdpw I®m-Sn-t]
mse IqSp-Xð IqSp-Xð {]Im-in-¡póp;
temI-¯nsâ GI-c-£-I-\mb tbip-hn-epÅ ss{IkvX-
h-hn-izmkw ssZh-¯nsâ {]Imi-sañmw Ahn-S-ónð
tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-óp-sh-óv, Ahn-Ss¯ "{]`m]qcn-X-amb
Poh-\nð' tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡pópshóv, {]tLm-jn-¡p-óp.
AXm-Is« Ncn-{X-¯nsâ DXv]-¯nbpw Ah-km-\hpw shfn-
s¸-Sp-¯p-óp.31 Cu {]Im-i-¯nð koIr-Xhpw Zo]vXhpw
ip²o-IrXhpw Añm¯ Hcp am\p-jnIm-\p-`-hanñ; ssZh-
¯n-te¡pÅ Hcp a\pjybm{Xbpw Cñ. ss{IkvX-hÀ
{InkvXp-hnsâ {]Im-i-hr-¯-¯nð F{X- IqSp-Xð apgIp-
ópthm A{X-b[nIw ssZh-¯n-te-¡pÅ hgn-bnð Hmtcm
]pcp-j-s\bpw kv{Xosbbpw a\-Ên-em-¡pIbpw Ah-tcm-
sSm¸w kô-cn-¡pIbpw sN¿pw
hnizmkw amÀK-am-Ibmð, hnizm-kn-I-f-sñ-¦nepw hniz-
kn-¡m-\m-{K-ln-¡p-Ibpw At\z-jWw XpS-cp-Ibpw sN¿pó
kv{Xo]pcp-jòm-cpsS Pohn-X-hp-ambpw AXp _Ô-s¸-«ncn-
¡póp. AhÀ kvt\l-t¯mSv BßmÀ°-ambn Xpd-hp-Å-h-
cm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw AhÀ¡v Isï-¯m-\m-hpó GsX-¦nepw
shfn¨wsImïp bm{X \S-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-óX-\p-k-cn¨,v
A¡mcyw AhÀ Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-óp-sh-¦nepw, AhÀ hnizm
-k-¯n-te-¡p- \-bn-¡pó ]mX-bn-em-bn-¡-gn-ªp; ssZhw
Dïm-bn-cp-óm-se-ót]mse AhÀ {]hÀ¯n-¡m³ ]cn-{i-
an-¡p-óp. AXv Nne-t¸mÄ s]mXp-hmb Pohn-X-¯n\v Dd-
¸pÅ Hcp Znim-t_m[w \evIpóXn\v ssZh¯n\pÅ
{]m[m-\yw AhÀ Xncn-¨-dn-bp-óXpsIm-ïm-Imw- Asñ-¦nð
Ccp-«nð {]Imi¯n\m-bpÅ Hcp Zmlw AhÀ A\p-`-hn-¡p-
óXp-sImïmImw. Fómð CXp-Iq-SmsX, Pohsâ al-\o-
b-Xbpw kuµ-cyhpw ImWp-t¼mÄ ssZh-kmón[yw Pohn-
Xs¯ IqSp-Xð kpµ-c-am-¡m-saóv AhÀ D±Àin-¡p-óXp-
sIm-ïp-am-Imw.
A{_lmw ssZh-¯nsâ i_vZw tIÄ¡p-óXn-\p-ap¼v
"Xo{h-amb lrZ-bm-`n-em-j-t¯msS' Ahn-Ss¯ tXSn-
sb-ópw,- "ssZ-hs¯ FhnsS Iïp-ap-«m-\m-hp-sa-óv Xtóm-
Sp-Xsó tNmZn¨v temIw apgp-h\pw kô-cn-s¨ópw' "Hä
bv¡v \nÈ-_vZ-X-bnð Xsó tXSnb Ah-t\mSv ssZh-¯n\p
IcpW tXmóp-óXp-hsc A§s\ sNbvXp-shópw' entbm
¬knse hnip² Csd-t\-hqkv ]d-bp-óp.32
aäp-Å-hÀ¡v \ò sN¿m-\pÅ hgntb ]pd-s¸-Spó GXp
hyànbpw ssZh-¯n-te¡v ASp-¯p-I-gn-ªp. Ahn-Ss¯
klm-b-¯mð ]n´m-§-s¸-«p-I-gn-ªp. Fs´-ómð \mw
Ft¸m-sgñmw kvt\l-̄ nsâ ]qÀW-X-bn-te¡p kô-cn¡p-
ópthm At¸m-sgñmw \½psS I®p-Isf IqSp-Xð {]Im-
in-¸n-¡p-I-sb-óXv ssZhnI {]Im-i-¯nsâ khn-ti-j-
amb {]hÀ¯-\-ssi-en-bm-Wv.
hnizm-khpw ssZh-im-kv{Xhpw
36. hnizmkw shfn-¨-am-b-Xp-sImïv AXv \s½ AXn-
te¡p I-Sóp sNñm³ £Wn-¡p-óp. \½psS kvt\l-
¯nsâ hnj-bw Gsd \ómbn Adn-bp-óXn-\p-thïn AXp
{]Im-in-̧ n-¡pó N{I-hm-fs¯ IqSp-Xð ]qÀW-ambn At\z-
jn-¨-dn-bm³ £Wn-¡p-óp. ss{IkvXh ssZh-imkv{Xw Cu
70 71
B{K-l-¯nð \nóp P\n-¨-Xm-Wv. XoÀ¨-bmbpw hnizm-k-
an-ñm-Xn-cp-ómð ssZh-imkv{X-ap-ïm-hpI Akm-[y-am-Wv.
{InkvXp-cl-ky-¯nð ]qÀ¯nbmb ssZh-¯nsâ kzbmhn
jvIm-c¯nsâ AXy-Km-[-amb- bpànsb At\z-jn-¡p-ó
hnizm-k-¯nsâ Xsó Ne-\m-ß-I-X-tbmSv ssZh-imkv{Xw
_Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. CXnð\nóv Hcp hkvXpX hyà-
am-Wv: ]co-£-Wm-ß-I-imkv{X-§-fpsS coXn-b-\p-k-cn¨v
a\p-jy-_p²n A]-{K-Yn-¡m\pw {Kln-¡m\pw \S-¯pó ]
cn-{i-a-s¯-¡mÄ IqSp-X-em-bn-«p-Å-XmWv ssZh-im-kv{Xw.
ssZhs¯ Hcp hkvXp- (hn-jbw) Bbn Npcp-¡m³ km[y
a-ñ. Ahn-Sóv Xsó¸-än-¯só Adn-b-n¡p-óh\pw hyày-
´-c-_-Ô-¯n-eqsS ZÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-óh-\p-amb Hcp IÀ¯m-
hm-Wv (Subjectv). icn-bmb hnizmkw ssZh-¯nð \nóp
hcpó {]Im-i-¯nt-e¡v kzbw Xpd-¡m³ bpànsb \bn-
¡p-óp. A§s\ kXy-t¯m-SpÅ kvt\l-¯mð \bn-¡-
s¸«v ssZh-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ IqSp-Xð AKm-[-amb Úm\-
¯n-te¡p hcm³ B bpàn-¡p- I-gn-bpw.
hnizm-k-¯nsâ imkv{X-saó \ne-bnð ssZh-imkv{Xw
ssZh-¯n\p Xsó¡p-dn¨p XsóbpÅ Adn-hn-epÅ ]¦p-
tN-c-em-sWóv a[y-bp-K-¯nse almòm-cmb ssZh-im-
kv{X-Úcpw A[ym-]-Icpw icn-bm-bn-¯só ]dªp.
AXv ssZh-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ \½psS {]Xn]m-Z\w am{X-a-ñ,
]nsótbm AXv {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-hp-ambn ssZhw \t½mSp
kwkm-cn-¡pó hN\w kzo-I-cn-¡epw AXns\ IqSp-X-em-
bn a\-Ên-em-¡m\pÅ ]cn-{i-an¡ep-am-Wv. ssZhw Xsó¸-
än-¯só ]d-bpó hN-\am-W-Xv. Fs´-ómð Ahn-Sóv
Iq«m-bva-bpsS imizXkwhm-Z-am-Wv. Cu kwhm-Z-¯n-
te¡p Ahn-Sóv \s½ {]thin-¡p-óp.33
A§s\ ssZh-¯mð "kv]Àin-¡-s¸-Sm³' thï hn\-
b-ap-ïm-bn-cn-¡-W-saóv ssZh-imkv{Xw Bhiy-s¸-Sp-óp.
almcl-ky-¯n-\p-ap-¼nð kz´w ]cn-an-Xn-IÄ AwKo-I-
cn-¨p-sImï,v bpàn-bp-tS-Xmb in£-Wco-Xn-tbm-sS, Cu
almcl-ky-¯nsâ A£-b-k-¼¯v At\z-jn-¡m³ ]cn-
{i-an-¡p-t¼mÄ hn\-b-ap-ïm-bn-cn-¡-W-saóv AXv Bh-iy-
s¸-Sp-óp.
hnizm-k-¯nsâ k`m-ß-I-cq-]-¯nepw ssZh-imkv{Xw
]¦p-]-äp-óp-ïv. AXnsâ {]Imiw k`-bm-Ipó hniz-kn-
¡pó hyàn-bpsS {]Im-i-am-Wv. Hcp hi-¯v, ssZh-im
kv{Xw {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS hnizm-k-¯n\p tkh\w sN¿-
W-saópw Fñm-h-cp-sS-bpw, {]tXy-In¨v km[m-cW hnizm-
kn-I-fp-sS, hnizm-ks¯ kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw Bg-s¸-Sp-¯p-
I-bpw sN¿-W-saópw CXv AÀ°-am-¡p-óp.
adp-h-i¯v, ssZh-imkv{Xw hnizm-k-¯nð \nóp Poh³
kzo-I-cn-¡p-óXp-sImïv amÀ]m-¸-bp-sSbpw At±-l-hp-ambn
sFIy-¯nð¡-gn-bpó sa{Xmòm-cp-sSbpw {]t_m-[-\m-[n-
Im-cs¯ _mly-amb Hómbn, AXnsâ kzmX-{´y-¯nsâ
]cn-an-Xn-bmbn Icp-Xm³ ]m-Sn-sñópw AÀ°-am-¡p-óp.
adn¨v AXnsâ B´-cn-Ihpw LS-\m-]-c-hp-amb am\-§-fn-
sem-ómbn {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-cs¯ Icp-X-Ww. Fs -́ómð,
{]t_m-[-\m-[n-Imcw BZn-a-t{km-X-kp-am-bpÅ \½psS
_Ô-¯n\v Dd¸p \evIp-óp. A§s\ {InkvXp-hnsâ hN
-\s¯ AXnsâ ka{K-X-bnð {]m]n-¡m-sa-óXnsâ XoÀ¨
\evIp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.
72 73
F\n¡p e`n-¨-Xv... Rm³
\n§Ä¡v Gev]n-¨p-Xóp (cf. 1 tImdn. 15:3)
k` \½psS hnizm-k-¯nsâ amXmhv
37. X§-fpsS lrZbw ssZh-kvt\-l-¯n-te¡p Xpd-
¡p-Ibpw Ahn-Ss¯ i_vZw tIÄ¡p-Ibpw Ahn-Ss¯
{]Imiw kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-hÀ¡v Cu Zm\w kz´-
am-¡n- h-bv¡m³ Ign-bp-I-bn-ñ. hnizmkw tIÄhnbpw Imgv
Nbp-am-I-bmð AXv hN\ambpw {]Imiambpw ssIam-d-
s¸-Sp-óp. hnip² ]utemkv tImdn-t´m-kp-ImÀ¡v Fgp-Xp-
t¼mÄ Cu cïp {]Xn-_nw-_-§Ä Xsó D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-
óp-ïv. Hcp-h-i¯v At±lw C§s\ ]d-bpóp: "Rm³
hniz-kn¨p; AXn-\mð Rm³ kwkm-cn¨p Fóv Fgp-Xn-b-
hnizmkw tIÄhnbpw ImgvNbp-am-I-bmð
AXv hN\ambpw {]Imiambpw ssIam-d-s¸-Sp-óp. (No.37)
74 75
hsâ hnizm-k-ssN-X\ywXsó R§Ä¡p-Å-Xp-sImïv
R§fpw hniz-kn-¡p-Ibpw kwkm-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿póp'
(2 tImdn. 4:13).
Hcn-¡ð kzoI-cn-¡-s¸-Spó hN\w Hcp {]Xyp-¯-c-ambn
¯ocp-óp, hnizm-k-¯nsâ Hcp Gäp-]-d-¨n-em-bn-¯o-cp-óp,
AXp aäp-Å-h-cn-te¡p hym]n-¡p-Ibpw hniz-kn-¡m³
Ahsc £Wn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.
]utemkv Çol {]Im-i-¯nsâ {]Xn-_nw-_hpw D]-
tbm-Kn-¡p-ópïv: "IÀ¯m-hnsâ al¯zw I®m-Sn-bn-seó
t]mse aqSp-]-S-a-Wn-bm¯ apJ¯v {]Xn-^-en-¡pó \msa-
ñm-hcpw Ahn-Ss¯ kmZr-iy-¯n-te¡v al-¯z-¯nð
\nóp al-¯z-¯n-te¡v cq]m-´-c-s¸-«p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-I-
bmWv' (2 tImdn 3:18). Hcp
apJ-¯p-\nóv asämcp apJ-t¯¡v {]Xn-^-en-¡pó {]Im-
i-am-W-Xv. ssZh-t¯mSp kwkm-cn-¨p-I-gn-ª-t¸mÄ tami-
bpsS apJ-¯v Dïmb ssZh-a-l-¯z-¯nsâ {]Xn-^-e-\-
sa-ót]mse Xsó: "ssZhw XsóbmWv {InkvXp-hnsâ
apJ¯p shfn-hm-¡-s¸« ssZh-tX-P-kn-s\-¸-än-bpÅ Adn-
hnsâ {]Imiw R§Ä¡p Xtc-ï-Xn\v R§-fpsS lrZ-b-
§sf {]Im-in-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-óXv' (2 tImdn 4:6).
{InkvXp-hnsâ tXP-Êv, I®m-Sn-bn-se-ót]mse ss{Ikv
X-h-cpsS apJ¯v {]Im-in-¡p-óp. AXp hym]n-¡p-t¼mÄ
\½n-te¡v Cd§n hcp-óp. B ZÀi-\-¯nð ]¦p-tN-cm\pw
aäp-Å-h-cn-te¡v B {]Imiw {]Xn-_nw-_n--¡m\pw \ap¡pw
Ign-tb-ï-Xn-\p-X-só. CuÌÀ Znh-ks¯ enäÀPn-bnð s]
k-lm¯n-cn-bnð\nóv aäv AkwJyw Xncn-IÄ sXfn-¡p-
óXp-t]mse Xsóbm-W-Xv.
Hcp hyàn¡p asämcp hyàn-
bp-am-bpÅ k¼À¡-¯n-eqsS hn
izmkw ssIam-d-s¸-Sp-óp-shóp
]d-bmw. Hcp sagp-Ip-Xncn asämcp
sagp-Ip-Xn-cn-bnð \nóp I¯n-¡-
s¸-Sp-óXp-t]m-se-XsóbmWXv.
Hcp-h³ ac-am-bn-¯o-cm\pw temI
s¯ ^e-§Ä sImïp-\n-d-bv
¡m³ Ign-bpó{X ^e-`q-bn-jvT-
amb Hcp hn¯v X§-fpsS Zmcn{Zy
¯nð ss{IkvX-hÀ \Sp-óp.
38. Fñm Øe-¯p-apÅ
Fñm kv{Xo]p-cp-jòmÀ¡pw
thïn {]tim-`n-¡pó hnizm-k
-¯nsâ ssIamäw Ime-¯n-eq
sSbpw IS-óp-t]m-Ipóp; Hcp Xe-
ap-d-bnð\nóp asämcp Xe-ap-d-bn-
te¡v. hnizmkw Ncn-{X-¯nð
kw`-hn-¡pó Hcp Iïp-ap-«-enð
\nóp P\n-¡p-Ibpw Ime-¯n-eq
sSbpÅ \½psS bm{Xsb {]Im-
in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. Xòqew
AXv bpK-bp-Km-´-c-§-fn-eqsS
ssIam-d-s¸-S-Ww. km£n-I-fpsS
CS-ap-dn-bm¯ Hcp irwJe-bn-
eq-sS-bmWv tbip-hnsâ apJw
ImWm³ \ap¡p Ign-bp-óXv.
Fómð CXv F§s\ km[y-
amIpw? C{Xbpw \qäm-ïp-Ifn
hnizm-k-¯nsâ
`mj kwkm-cn-¡m³
\s½ ]Tn-¸n-¡pó
A½-bmWv k`.
76 77
eqsS \½Ä "bYmÀ° tbip-hns\' ¯sóbmWv Iïp-
ap-«n-bsXóv F§s\ XoÀ¨-s¸-Sp-¯m-\mhpw? a\p-jy³
tIhew Hä-s¸« hyàn-bm-bn-cp-só¦nð, kz´w Adn-hnsâ
Dd¸v Xónð¯só tXSpó sshb-ànI Al¯nð \nóp
am{X-amWv Ah³ XpS-§n-bn-cp-ósX-¦nð A -̄c-samcp kp\n
-ÝnX¯zw XoÀ¯pw Akm-[y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-óp. Fónð
\nóv Gsd AIó Hcp Ime-L-«-¯nð kw`-hn-¨Xv Fs´-
ódn-bm³ F\n¡pXsó km[y-a-ñ.
Fómð, Adnhp k¼m-Zn-¡pó amÀKw CXp am{X-añ.
hyàn- Ft¸mgpw _Ô-§-fn-emWv Pohn-¡p-óXv. aäp-Å-h
-cnð \nóp- Ah³ hcp-óp. Ah³ aäp-Å-h-cp-tS-Xm-bn-cn-
¡p-óp. Ahsâ PohnXw aäp-Å-h-cp-am-bpÅ Iïp-ap-«-
enð hnI-kn-¡p-óp. \½psS Adnhpw Bßm-h-t_m-[w
Xsóbpw _Ôm-[n-jvTn-Xam-Wv. Ah \ap¡p apt¼ t]mb
aäp-Å-h-tcmSp _Ô-s¸-«m-Wn-cn-¡p-óXv. Hóm-a-Xm-bn,
\ap¡p Poh\pw t]cpw Xó \½psS amXm-]n-Xm-¡òmtcm-Sv.
`mj Xsó, \½psS Pohn-X-¯n\pw \ap¡p Npäp-apÅ
temI-¯n\pw AÀ°w Iev]n-¨p- sImSp-¡pó `mj Xsó,
aäp-Å-h-cnð \nóv, Ah-cpsS kPo-h-kva-c-Wm-i-àn-bnð
kwc-£n-¡-s¸-«,v \½nte¡p hcp-óp. IqSp-Xð al-¯mb
Hcp kvac-W-bnð ]¦p-tN-cp-t¼mÄ am{X-amWv Bßm-h-
t_m[w Xsó km[y-am-Ip-óXv.
am\p-jn-I-[m-c-Wsb AXnsâ ]qÀW-X-bn-te¡p sImïp-
h-cpó hnizm-ks¯ kw_-Ôn¨pw CXp icn-bm-Wv. hnizm-
k-¯nsâ `qX-Im-ew, temI-¯n\p ]pXp-Po-h³ \evInb
tbip-hnsâ kvt\l-{]hr-¯n, aäp-Å-h-cpsS HmÀ½-bn-eq-
sS-bmWv þ km£y-§-fn-eq-sS-bmWv þ \½n-te¡p hcp-óXv.
AXv k`-bm-Ipó GI-kva-c-Wm-]m{X¯nð kPo-h-ambn
Im¯pkq£n-¡-s¸-Spó HómWv. hnizm-k-¯nsâ `mj
kwkm-cn-¡m³ \s½ ]Tn-¸n-¡pó A½-bmWv k`.
hnizm-k-s¯bpw kvac-W-sbbpw Ah-KmVw Hón-
¸n-¨pw Ah- cïn-s\bpw ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ {]hÀ¯-\-
t¯mSp _Ôn-¸n¨pw hnip² tbml-óm³ Xsâ kphn-ti-
j-¯nð C¡mcyw hyà-am-¡p-ópï.v tbip- ]d-bpóp:
"]cn-ip-²m-ßmhv...Rm³ \n§-tfmSp ]d-ª-sXñmw \n§sf
A\p-kvacn-¸n¡pw' (tbml 14:26). k`-bnð \nh-kn-¡pó
kvt\lw Xsóbmb Bßmhv Fñm bpK-§sfbpw ]c-
kv]-c-_-Ô-¯nð \ne-\n-dp-¯p-Ibpw \s½ tbip-hnsâ
ka-Im-eo-\-cm-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. \½psS hnizm-k-XoÀ
°m-S-\-¯nð A§s\ \s½ \bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.
39. Häbv¡v hnizkn-¡pI Akm-[y-am-Wv. hnizm-kn-bpsS
B´-cn-I-X-bnð kw`-hn-¡pó tIhew hyàn-]-c-amb
Xnc-sª-Sp-¸ñ hnizmkw. AXv hnizm-kn-bpsS "Rm\pw'
ssZhnI' "\o'bpw X-½n-ep-Å, kÀh-kz-X-{´-\mb Hcp
a\p-jy-hy-ànbpw ssZhhpw X½n-ep-Å, XoÀ¯pw Zzo]p-
k-am-\-amb Hcp _Ô-a-ñ. hnizmkw {]IrXym k`-sbó
"\½n-te¡p' Xpd-ón-cn-¡pó Hóm-Wv. AXv Ft¸mgpw
k`bp-am-bpÅ Iq«m-bva-bn-emWv Dïm-Ip-óXv. amt½m-Zo-
k-bpsS enäÀPn-bnð D]-tbm-Kn-¡pó hnizm-k-{]-am-W-
¯nsâ tNmtZym-¯c cq]w \s½ C¡mcyw HmÀ½n-¸n-¡p-
óp-ïv. \½psS hnizmkw Hcp £W-t¯m-SpÅ, Fsâ
kz´-a-ñm-¯Xpw, Fómð tIÄ¡-s¸-tSïXpamb Hcp
hm¡n-t\m-Sp-Å, Hcp {]Xyp-¯-c-ambn {]Im-in-¸n-¡-s¸-
Sp-óp. AXv Hcp kwhm-Z-¯nsâ `mK-ambn«mWv \ne-sIm-
Åp-óXv. AXn\vv tIhew Hcp hyàn-bnð P\n-¡pó Gäp-
]-d-¨n-emIm-\m-hn-ñ. "Rm³ hniz-kn-¡póp' Fóv \ap¡p
GI-h-N-\-¯nð {]Xyp-¯-cn-¡m\mhp-óXv \mw IqSp-Xð
henb Hcp Iq«m-bva-bpsS `mK-am-b-Xp-sImïpam{X-amWv,
"R§Ä hniz-kn-¡póp' FópIqSn \½Ä Gäp]d-bp-óXp-
sIm-ïpam{Xam-Wv. k`m-ß-I-amb "R§fn'te¡pÅ Cu
78 79
Xpdhv ssZh-¯nsâ Xsó kvt\l-¯nsâ Xpd-hns\ {]Xn-
^en-¸n-¡p-óp-ïv. AXv ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw X½n-epÅ, Hcp
"Rm\pw' Hcp "\obpw' X½n-epÅ, _Ôw am{X-a-ñ, adn¨v
AXv ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hn-ð Hcp "R§Ä' BWv, hyàn-I-
fpsS Hcp Iq«m-bva-bm-Wv.
CXn-\m-emWv hniz-kn-¡p-óh³ Hcn-¡epw FI-\-ñm-
¯-Xv. hnizmkw hym]n-¡m-\pÅ AXnsâ B\-µ-¯n-
te¡v A]-csc, £Wn-¡m-\pÅ {]h-WX ImWn-¡p-óXv.
hnizmkw kzoI-cn-¡póh³ Xsâ kzXz-¯nsâ N{Ihm-
f-§Ä hnI-kn-¡p-sóópw Xónð Pohn-Xs¯ k¼-
óam-¡pó ]pXnb _Ô-§Ä cq]w sImÅp-óp-shópw
Xncn-¨-dn-bp-óp. sXÀ¯p-ey³ Cu hkvXpX \ómbn
hnh-cn-¡p-óp-ïv: "]pXnb P\\w \evIpó £mf\-¯n-
\p-tijw' Úm\kv\m\mÀ°n- (k-`-bm-Ip-ó) amXr-`-h-\-
¯n-te¡v kzoIcn¡-s¸-Sp-óp; Hcp ]pXnb IpSpw_¯nsâ
AwK-saó \ne-bnð X§-fpsS ktlm-Zc§tfm-sSm¸w
ssIIÄ hncn¨v "kzÀK-Ø-\mb R§-fpsS ]nXmth'
Fó {]mÀ°\ sNmñp-óp.--.34
IqZm-i-Ifpw hnizm-k-ssI-am-ähpw
40. GXp IpSpw-_-s¯bp-sa-ót]m-se k` Xsâ kvac
-W-I-fpsS `WvUm-Kmcw Xsâ a¡Ä¡p ssIam-dp-óp.
Fómð hnizm-k-ss]Xr-I-¯n-ð Fñm Imcyhpw, Hópw
\jvS-s¸-SmsX, IqSp-Xð Bg-¯nð a\-Ên-em-I--¯-¡-hn[w
F§s\ ssIam-dm\mhpw? ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ klm-b-
t¯msS k`-bnð Im¯pkq£n-¡-s¸-Spó A¸-kvtXm-enI
]mc-¼-cy-¯n-eq-sS-bmWv \mw ASn-Øm\-]-c-amb HmÀ½-
bp-ambn kPo-h-_Ôw ]peÀ¯p-óXv-. cïmw h¯n-¡m³
Iu¬knð ]d-bp-óXp-t]m-se, A¸-kvtXm-eòm-cnð \nóv
ssIam-dn-¡n-«n-b-Xnð ssZh-P-\-¯n\v hnip-²n-bnð Pohn-
¡m\pw hnizm-k-¯nð hf-cm\pw klm-b-I-ambsXñmw AS
-§n-bn-cn-¡p-óp. C{]-Imcw "k` Xsâ {]t_m-[-\-¯nepw
Pohn-X-¯nepw Bcm-[\-bnepw Xm³ F´m-bn-cn-¡p-ópthm
AXp apgp-h\pw, hniz-kn-¡pó Fñm Imcy-§fpw imizX-
am-¡p-Ibpw kIe Xe-ap-d-IÄ¡pw ]IÀóp-sIm-Sp-¡p-
Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-ïn-cn-¡póp.35
hnizm-k-¯n\v km£yw -hln¡m\pw kwth-Zn¡m\pw
AXn\p tNÀóXpw B\p-]m-Xn-I-hp-amb Hcp ]Ým-¯ew
Bh-iy-ap-ïv. tIhew kn²m-´-]-c-amb DÅ-S¡w ssIam-
dm³ Hcm-ibw aXn-bmIpw; Asñ-¦nð Hcp {KÙtam ]d
-b-s¸« hm¡nsâ BhÀ¯-\tam aXn-bmIpw. Fómð,
k`-bnð Adn-bn¡-s¸-Sp-óXv, Ah-fpsS kPo-h-]m-c-¼-
cy-¯nð ssIam-d-s¸-Sp-óXv, ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ Iïp-ap-
«-enð \nóp-ïmb ]pXnb shfn-¨-am-Wv. \½psS hyàn-
Xz-¯nsâ AKm-[-X-sb kv]Àin-¡p-Ibpw ssZh-t¯mSpw
A]-c-t\mSpw DÅ kPoh Iq«m-bva-bnð _Ô§fn-te¡p
hyànsb Xpd-óp-sImïv A]-csâ a\-Êns\bpw CÑm-i-
àn-sbbpw hnIm-c-§-sfbpw hym]cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó
Hcp shfn-¨-am-W-Xv.
Cu ]qÀWX ssIam-dm³ khn-ti-j-amb Hcp amÀK-
ap-ïv. apgp-h³ hyàn-sbbpw ico-c-s¯bpw ssNX-\y-
s¯bpw B´-cn-I-Po-hn-X-s¯bpw aäp-Å-h-cp-am-bn-«pÅ _
Ô-§-sfbpw {]hÀ¯n-¸n-¡m³ iàn-bpÅ Hcp amÀK-am-
W-Xv. k`-bpsS enäÀPn-bnð BtLm-jn-¡-s¸-Spó IqZm
-i-I-fm-W-Xv. \½psS Pohn-X-¯nsâ Ime-§-tfmSpw Øe-
§-tfmSpw _Ô-s¸«pw \½psS Fñm C{µn-b-§-tfm-Spw
_Ô-s¸«pw a\p-jym-h-Xmcw sNbvX Hcp kva-c-Wsb
IqZm-i-IÄ kwth-Z\w sN¿póp.
Hcp kPo-h-ico-c-¯nse Ah-b-h-saó \ne-bnepw kaq-
80 81
lm-ß-I-_-Ô-§-fpsS s\äp-hÀ¡nsâ ̀ mK-saó \ne-bnepw
Ah-bnð apgp-h³ hyànbpw hym]-cn-¡p-óp. IqZm-i-IÄ
hnizm-k-¯nsâ IqZm-i-I-fmsWóp36 ]d-bpóXv kXy-am-
sW-¦nð, hnizm-k-¯n-\p-Xsó Hcp IuZm-in-I-amb LS-\-
bp-sïóp ]d-bpóXpw kXy-am-Wv. a\p-jy-Pohn-X-s¯-¡p-
dn¨pw ss{IkvX-hm-kvXn-Xz-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-ap-Å- Hcp ]pXnb
IuZm-in-I-t_m-[-¯nsâ DWcn-en-eq-sS-bmWv hnizm-k-
¯nsâ DW-cð IS-óp-t]m-Ip-óXv. Zriyhpw `uXn-I-
hpab bm-YmÀ°y-§Ä F§-s\-bmWv \nXy-X-bpsS cl-
ky-¯n-te¡v kzbw Xpd-¡p-ósXóv AXp \ap¡p ImWn-
¨p-X-cp-óp.
41. hnizm-k-ssI-amäw {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-hp-ambn amt½m-
Zo-k-bnð \S-¡p-óp. amt½m-Zok hnizm-k-¯nsâ Gäp-]-d-
¨n-ð {]Xo-I-h-XvI-cn-¡m-\pÅ Hcp coXn am{X-am-sWópw
AXp {]Xo-I-§fpw AS-bm-f-§fpw Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-¡p-
óhÀ¡pÅ Hcp {]t_m-[-\-coXn am{X-am-sWópw BXy-
´n-I-ambn A\m-h-iy-am-sWópw NneÀ Nn´nt¨-¡mw.
amt½m-Zo-k-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ hnip² ]utemkv Çol-bpsS
Hcp \nco-£Ww Cu A`n-{]mbw icn-b-sñóv \s½ A\p-
kva-cn-¸n-¡p-óp-ïv. At±lw ]d-bpóp: "A§s\ Ahsâ
ac-W-t¯mSp \s½ sFIy-s¸-Sp-¯nb Úm\-kv\m-\-
¯mð \mw Ah-t\m-sSm¯p kwkvI-cn-¡-s¸-«p. {InkvXp
acn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw ]nXm-hnsâ al-¯z-¯nð DbnÀs¯-gp-
tóä-Xp-t]mse \mapw ]pXnb PohnXw \bn-t¡-ï-Xn-\m
Wv Ah-t\m-sSm¯p kwkvI-cn-¡-s¸-«Xv' (tdmam 6:4).
amt½m-Zo-k-bnð \mw ]pXnb krjvSn-Ifpw ssZh-
¯nsâ Z¯p-k-´-Xn-I-fp-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp. ss{IkvX-hsc
{]t_m-[-\-¯nsâ Hcp am\-ZWvUw (typos didaches) `c-ta-ev
]n-¨n-cn-¡p-óp-shópw AXn-t¸mÄ AhÀ lrZ-b-]qÀhw
A\p-k-cn-¡p-óp-shópw A¸-kvtXm-e³ XpSÀóp-]-d-bp-
ópïv (cf. tdmam 6:17). amt½m-Zo-k-bnð Gäp-]-d-tbï
Hcp {]t_m-[-\hpw aqÀ¯-amb Hcp Pohn-X-cn-Xobpw Hcp-
h³ kzoI-cn-¡p-óp. CXv Ahsâ apgp-hy-àn-Xz-¯nsâbpw
Iq«p-tN-cð Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-óXpw Ahs\ \ò-bnte¡v hgn
\S-¯p-óXp-am-Wv. amt½m-Zok kzoI-cn-¨-hÀ k`-bnð ]pXn-
sbmcp kml-N-cy-¯nte¡p amän Øm]n-¡s¸-Spóp. ]pXn-
sbmcp kml-N-cy-¯n\v, {]hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ \ho-\hpw `mK-
`m-Kn-Xz-hp-apÅ coXn¡,v Gev]n-¡-s¸-Sp-óp.
At¸mÄ hnizm-k-sa-óXv Hä-s¸« hyàn-bpsS t\«-
a-sñóv amt½m-Zok \ap¡p ImWn-¨p-X-cp-óp. Hcp-h\p
X\n¨p sN¿m-hpó Hcp IÀ½-hpañ AXv. ssZh-¯nsâ
Zm\w ssIam-dpó k`m-ß-I-Iq«m-bvabn-te¡p {]th-in-
¡p-óXp hgn kzoI-cn-t¡ï Hóm-W-X.v Hcp-h\pw kzi-
àn-sImïv Cu temI¯n-te¡p hcp-ónñ FóXp-t]mse
Hcp-h\pw Xsó¯só amt½m-Zok ap¡p-ón-ñ. amt½m-
Zok \mw kzoI-cn-¡pó Hóm-Wv.
42. ]pXnb Cu "{]t_m-[\ coXnbn-te¡p' \s½ {]
th-in-¸n-¡pó amt½m-Zo-k-bpsS LS-I-§Ä GhbmWv?
Hóm-a-Xm-bn, ]cn-ip²{XnXz-¯nsâ t]cv þ ]nXmhpw
]p{X\pw ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hp-wþ kv\m\mÀ°n-bp-sS-tað hnfn¨v
At]£n¡-s¸Sp-óp. A§s\ Bcw-`-¯nð¯só hnizm-
k-bm-{X-bpsS Hcp DZv{K-Y\w \evI-s¸-Sp-óp. A{_m-ls¯
hnfn¨h\pw A{_m-l-¯nsâ ssZh-saóp hnfn-¡-s¸-Sm³
CjvS-s¸«h\p-amb ssZhw, tamibv¡v Xsâ \maw shfn-
s¸-Sp-¯nb ssZhw, Xsâ ]p{Xs\ \ap¡p \evIn-s¡mïv
Xsâ \ma-¯nsâ clkyw ]qÀW-ambn shfn-s¸-Sp-¯nb
ssZhw, Ct¸mÄ amt½m-Zok kzoI-cn-¨- hyàn¡v ]p{X-k-
l-P-amb Hcp X\na \evIp-óp.
82 83
CXp Pe-¯nð ap¡ð Fó amt½m-Zo-km-IÀ½-¯nð
¯só hyà-ambn ImWmw: al-¯-c-amb Hcp "ssZhn-I
-Rm-\n-'te¡p Xpd-hp-ïm-Im³ thïn "Rm³-' Fó hyàn
am\-km-´-c-¯n-eqsS ISóp-t]m-Im³ ac-W¯nsâ {]Xo-I
-amb Pew Fsó £Wn-¡p-óp. Pew Pohsâ {]Xo-Ihp-
am-Ip-óp. {InkvXp-hns\ Ahn-Ss¯ \h-Po-hn-X-¯nð ]n³
sN-ñp-óXp-hgn \mw hoïpw P\n-¡pó KÀ`-]m-{X-¯nsâ
{]Xo-Ihpa-mIpóp Pew.
C§s\ Pe-¯nð ap§ð hgn hnizm-k-¯nsâ a\p-
jym-h-Xm-c-L-S-\-sb-¸än amt½m-Zok \t½mSp ]d-bp-óp.
{InkvXp-hnsâ {]hr¯n \½psS AkvXn-Xz-¯nsâ AKm-[-
X-e-§-sf kv]Àin-¡p-óp. \s½ auen-I-ambn cq]m-´-c-s¸-
Sp-¯p--óp. \s½ ssZh-¯nsâ Z¯p-k-´-Xn-Ifpw ssZhn-I-
kz-`m-h-¯nð ]¦p-Im-cp-am-¡p-óp. AXv A§s\ \½psS
kIe _Ô-§-sfbpw Cu temI-¯nepw {]]-ô-¯n-
ep-apÅ \½psS Øm\s¯bpw cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp¯p-óp.
Ahsb ssZh-¯nsâ Xsó Iq«m-bva-bpsS Pohn-X-¯n-
te¡v Xpd-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.
amt½m-Zo-k-bnð kw`-hn-¡pó Cu amäw, \h-kp-hn-
ti-j-h-XvI-c-Ws¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw, kv\m\mÀ
°n-Xz-¯nsâ (Catachumanate) A\\y-amb {]m[m\yw AwKo-
I-cn-¨m-Z-cn-¡m³ \s½ klm-bn-¡p-óp. kv\m\mÀ°n-Xz-
¯nð ]ucm-WnI ss{IkvX-h-th-cp-I-fpÅ kaq-l-§-fn
ðt]mepw Ct¸mÄ amt½m-Zo-k-bm-Ipó IqZm-i-bv¡-W
bpó apXnÀóh-cpsS kwJy hÀ²-am-\-am-bn-s¡m-ïn-cn-
¡p-óp. kv\m\mÀ°nXzw amt½m-Zobv¡pth-ïn-bpÅ X¿m-
sd-Sp-¸nsâbpw {InkvXp-hnð \½psS apgp-h³ Pohn-Xhpw
]cn-hÀ¯nXamIp-óXn-sâbpw ]mXbmWv.
amt½m-Zo-kbpw hnizm-khpw X½n-epÅ Cu _Ôw
hne-aXn¡p-óXn\v Gi¿ {]hm-N-Isâ Hcp hmIyw \ap¡v
A\p-kva-cn-¡m-hp-óXm-Wv. BZn-a-ss{I-kvX-h-km-ln-Xy-
¯nð amt½m-Zo-k-tbmSv _Ô-s¸-«-XmWXv: "inem-ZpÀK-
§-fmð AhÀ {]Xn-tcm-[-ap-d-¸n-¡pw... AhÀ¡v Zml-Pew
In«p-sa-óXv XoÀ¨-bmWv' (Gk 33:16).37 amt½m-Zok
kzoI-cn-¨-hÀ ac-W-¯nsâ Pe-¯nð \nóp c£n-¡-s¸«v
Ct¸mÄ ]md-sIm-ïpÅ ZpÀK-¯nð Øm]n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-
¡p-óp. Fs´-ómð AhÀ Dd-¸p-ÅXpw hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-
hp-amb Hcp ASn-¯d Isï-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-óp. A§s\ ac-
W-¯nsâ Pew Pohsâ Pe-ambn cq]m-´-c-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp.
{Ko¡p-sSIvÌv, AXns\ hnh-cn-¡p-óXv ]nkvtXmkv Fóm-
Wv: AÀ°w "hniz-kvX-Pew'. amt½m-Zo-k Pew bYmÀ°-
¯nð hniz-kvXhpw hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-hpam-Wv. Fs´-ómð
AXv HgpIn-h-cp-óXv {InkvXp-hn-\pÅ kvt\l-¯nsâ
iàn-tbm-sS-bm-Wv. PohnX-bm-{X-bnð \ap-¡pÅ Dd-¸nsâ
Dd-hn-S-amWv B kvt\lw.
43. amt½m-Zo-kbpsS LS\, \mw ]pXnb t]cpw ]pXnb
Pohn-Xhpw kzoI-cn-¡pó ]p\ÀP-\-\-saó \ne-bn-epÅ
AXnsâ cq]w, inip-¡-fpsS amt½m-Zo-k-bv-¡pÅ AÀ°hpw
{]m[m-\yhpw hne-a-Xn-¡m³ \s½ klm-bn-¡p-óp-ïv.
Hcp kzX-{´-IÀ½-¯n-eqsS hnizmkw kzoI-cn-¡m³ Ip«n-
IÄ ià-c-ñ. kz´-ambn B hnizmkw Gäp]-d-bm\pw
AhÀ Ign-hp-Å-h-c-ñ. AXp-sImïv amXm-]n-Xm-¡òmcpw
Xe-sXm-«-¸\pw Xe-sXm-«-½bpw AhÀ¡p-thïn hnizmkw
Gäp-]-d-bp-óp.
k`m-k-aq-l-¯n\pÅn-emWv hnizmkw Pohn-¡-s¸-Sp-
óXv. s]mXp-hm-b Hcp "\½fn'emWv AXv \nth-in-¸n¡-
s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óXv. A§s\ aäp-Å-hÀ¡pw, {]tXy-I-hn-[-
84 85
ambn amXm-]n-Xm-¡òmÀ¡pw, Úm\-kv\m-\-am-Xm-]n-Xm-
¡-Ä¡pw, inip-hns\ ]n´m-§m\m-hpw. k`-bpsS Xsó
hnizm-k-am-Ipó X§-fpsS
hnizm-k-¯n-te¡v Ahs\/Ahsf kzmKXw sN¿m\p-
amIpw. inip-hnsâ ]nXmhv s]k-lm-¯n-cn-bnð \nóp
I¯n-¡pó sagp-Ip-Xncn CXnsâ {]Xo-I-am-Wv.
A§s\ hnizmkw ssIam-dp-óXnð k`bpw IpSpw-_hpw
X½n-epÅ kl-I-c-W-¯nsâ \nÀWm-b-I-amb {]m[m\yw
amt½m-Zo-km-IÀ½-¯nsâ LS\ sXfn-bn-¡p-óp-ïv. hnip²
BK-kvXo-t\mkv Hcn-¡ð ]d-ªn-«p-Å-Xp-t]m-se, amXm-]n-
Xm-¡òmÀ Ip«n-Isf temI-¯n-te¡p sImïp-h-cm³ am{X-
añ ]nsótbm ssZh-¯n-te¡p \bn¡m\pw hnfn-¡-s¸-
«ncn¡p-óp. amt½m-Zo-k-bn-eqsS AhÀ¡p ssZh-k-´m-\-§-
fmbn hoïpw P\n-¡m\pw hnizm-k-am-Ipó Zm\w kzoI-cn-
¡m\pw Ign-bp-óp.38 A§s\ Ip«n-IÄ¡v Poh-t\m-sSm¸w
auen-I-amb Znim-t_m[w \evI-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Hcp \ñ `mhn
AhÀ¡v Dd¸m¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp. Cu Znim-t_m[w,
ssØcy-te-]-\-¯nð ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ ap{ZsImïv
IqSp-Xð iào-I-cn-¡-s¸-Spw.
44. hnizm-k-¯nsâ IuZm-in-I-kz-`mhw Gähpw IqSp-
Xð {]Im-in-X-am-Ip-óXv Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-¯n-em-Wv. Znhy-Im-
cpWyw hnizm-k-¯n\v Aaq-ey-amb t]mj-W-am-Wv. Xsâ
kvt\l-¯nsâ ]c-a-amb {]hr-¯n-bnð bYmÀ°-¯nð
kón-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-¡pó {InkvXp-hp-am-bpÅ Iïp-ap-«-em-
W-Xv. Xsâ-Xsó Poh-Zm-b-I-amb Bß-Zm-\-am-W-Xv. Znhy-
Im-cp-Wy-¯nð hnizm-k-¯nsâ cïp am\-§Ä ]c-kv]cw
Iïp-ap«n Cg-tN-cp-óp. Hcp-h-i¯v Ncn-{X-am-Ipó am\-ap-
ïv. Znhy-Im-cpWyw A\p-kva-c-W-bpsS Hcp {]hr¯n-bm-Wv.
ac-W-¯n-sâbpw D°m-\-¯n-sâbpw kw`-h-saó \ne-bnð
`qX-Im-es¯ Hcp clkyw AXp
kón-ln-X-am-¡p-óp. `mhn-bn-te
¡v hmXm-b\w Xpd-¡m\pw A´n
a]qÀWX apóm-kzm-Zn-¡m\pw
DÅ
AXnsâ Ignhv AXp {]ZÀin-
¸n-¡p-óp. "Cóv' (hodie) Fó
hm¡nsâ BhÀ¯\w hgn c£m-
I-c-c-l-ky-§-fpsS "Cóv enäÀPn
\s½ A\p-kva-cn-̧ n-¡pópïvv.
adp-h-i¯v, Zriy-tem-I-¯p-
\nóv AZr-iy-tem-I-t¯¡p \bn-
¡pó Hcp am\hpw \½Ä ImWp-
óp. IpÀ_m-\-bnð bmYmÀ°y-
¯nsâ AXy-Km-[-X ZÀin-¡m³
\mw ]Tn¡p-óp. A¸hpw ho
ªpw Xsâ s]klm bm{X-
bnð ]nXm-hn\p kzbw kón-ln-
X-\m-¡pó {InkvXp-hnsâ ico-
chpw cà-hp-ambn ]cn-hÀ¯\w
sN¿-s¸-Spóp. Cu amäw, ico-c-
t¯mSpw Bßm-thmSpw IqsS
ssZh-¯n-epÅ ]qÀW-X-bn-te
¡v \o§pó kIe krjvSn-I-
fp-sSbpw amä-¯nð \s½ ]¦p-
Im-cm-¡p-óp.
45. IqZm-i-I-fpsS ]cn-IÀ½-
¯nð, k` Xsâ kvacW khn-
ti-j-ambn hnizm-k-{]-Jym-]-
hnizm-k-¯nsâ
IuZm-in-I-kz-`mhw
Gähpw IqSp-Xð
{]Im-in-X-am-Ip-óXv
Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-¯n-
em-Wv. Znhy-Im-cpWyw
hnizm-k-¯n\v
Aaq-ey-amb
t]mj-W-am-Wv.
86 87
\-¯n-eqsS \ap¡p ssIam-dn-¯-cp-óp. hnizm-k-{]-amWw
Hcp-Iq«w AaqÀ¯-kXy-§-tfmSv k½Xw aqfeñ. adn-¨v,
AXv Gäp-]-dbp-t¼mÄ Po-hnXw apgp-h\pw kPo-h-\mb ssZh
-hp-am-bpÅ ]qÀW-kw-kÀK-¯n-te-¡p-Å Hcp bm{X-bn-
te¡p {]th-in¡p-óp. X§Ä Gäp-]-d-bpó cl-ky-¯n-
te¡p {]th-in-¡m\pw AXnð cq]m-´-cs¸Sm\pw hnizm-
k-{]-am-W-¯nð AhÀ £Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-óp-.
CXnsâ AÀ°w a\-Ên-em-¡m³ \ap¡v BZy-ambn hnizm
-k-{]-am-W¯nsâ DÅ-S-¡-§-fn-te¡p t\m¡mw. AXn\p
{XnXzm-ß-I-amb Hcp LS-\-bp-ïv. ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw kvt\
l-¯nsâ B-ßm-hnð sFIy-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. A§s\ Fñm
k¯-bp-sSbpw tI{µw, Fñm bmYmÀ°y-§-fp-sSbpw
Gähpw B´-cn-I-amb clkyw, ssZhn-I-Iq-«m-bva-bm-sWóv
hnizmkn {]Jym-]n-¡p-óp.
hnizm-k-{]-am-W-¯nð {InkvXp-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Hcp
Gäp-]-d-¨n-ep-ap-ïv. AXv {InkvXp-hnsâ Pohn-X-¯nse
kIe Pohn-X-c-l-ky-§-fn-te¡pw þ Ahn-Ss¯ ac-Ww,
D°m-\w, kzÀKm-tcm-l-Ww, al-¯z-t¯m-sS-bpÅ Ahn-
Ss¯ A´n-am-K-a-\w hsc þ \s½ sImïp-t]m-Ip-óp:
hnizm-k-{]-amWw \t½mSv C§s\ ]d-bpóp: kwkÀK-
¯nsâ Cu ssZhw, ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnð ]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw
X½n-epÅ ]c-kv]cw kvt\lw, a\p-jy-N-cn-{Xs¯ apgp-
h\pw BtÇjn-¡m\pw ]nXm-hnð Dd-hn-Shpw ]qÀ¯o-I-c-W-
hp-amb ssZh-¯nsâ kzbw {]hÀ¯-\m-ß-I-amb sFIy-
¯n-te¡p \bn-¡m\pw Ign-hp-Å-Xm-Wv.
hnizmkw Gäp-]-d-bpóh³ Xm³ Gäp-]-d-b-pó kXy
¯n-te¡v DÄt¨-c-pópshóp ImWmw. ]cn-hÀ¯\-hn-t[-
b-am-ImsXbpw, Xsó BtÇ-jn-¡p-Ibpw BXy-´n-I-ambn
hnizm-k-{]-amWw sNmñpó k`-
sbó alm-Iq-«m-bva-bpsS `mK-
am¡n Xsâ AkvXn-Xzs¯ hnI-
kn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó kvt\
l-N-cn-{X-¯nð Ba-á-\m-ImsX
hnizm-k-{]-amWw kXy-k-Ô-X-
tbmsS Gäp-]-d-bm³ hnizm-kn
¡p km[n-¡p-I-bn-ñ.
hnizm-khpw {]mÀ°-\bpw
]¯p-I-ev]-\-Ifpw
46. k`-bpsS kvacW hniz-
kvX-Xm-]qÀhw ssIam-dp-óXn\v
cïp LS-I-§Ä IqSn AXy´m
t]£n-X-am-Wv. Hóma-t¯Xv, "kz
ÀK-Ø-\mb R§-fpsS ]nXmth'
Fó IÀ¯r{]mÀ°-\-bm-Wv.
ChnsS {InkvXym-\n-IÄ {Inkv
Xp-hnsâ Xsó Bßo-bm-\p-`-h-
¯nð ]¦p-tN-cm\pw Fñm hkv
Xp-¡-sfbpw Ahn-Ss¯ I®p-
sImïp ImWm\pw ]Tn-¡p-óp.
{]Im-i-¯nð \nópÅ {]Im-
ihpw ]nXm-hnsâ GI-Pm-X-\p-
amb Ahn-S-ónð \nóp \mapw
ssZhs¯ Adn-bpIbpw Ahn-
Ss¯ ASp-¡-te¡p sNñm-
\pÅ B{Klw aäp-Å-h-cnð
Pzen-¸n-¡m³ Ign-hp-Å-h-cm-bn-
¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.
"Xm³ F´m-bn-cn-¡p-
ópthm, Xm³ F´p
hniz-kn-¡p-óthm'
B hnizm-k-¯nsâ
k¼qÀW DÅ-S¡w
kwth-Zn-¡m³ k`
D]-tbm-Kn-¡pó B
GtIm-]nX {]hÀ¯-\-
¯nsâ auenI
klm-bn-bmWv
It¯m-en-¡m-k-`-bpsS
aX-t_m-[-\-{KÙw.
88 89
CXp-t]m-se-Xsó {][m-\-s¸« HómWv hnizm-khpw
]¯p-I-ev]-\-Ifpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-hpw. \mw ap¼p-]-d-
ª-Xp-t]mse, kPo-h-\mb ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ Hcp Iïp-
ap-«-tem-sS- Bcw-`n-¡pó Hcp {]bmWw t]mse-bmWv
hnizmkw; kô-cn¨p XoÀt¡ï Hcp hgn t]mse-bm-W-Xv.
]¯p-I-ev]-\-IÄ Ah-bpsS Gähpw AKm-[-amb kXyw
kz´-am-¡p-óXv hnizm-k-¯nsâ shfn-¨-¯n-em-Wv, c£n-
¡pó ssZh-¯n-epÅ k¼qÀW-amb kaÀ¸-W-¯n-sâ
shfn-¨-¯n-em-Wv. Cu kXyw ]¯p-I-ev]-\-IfpsS Bap-
J-h-N-\-§-fnð Xsó AS-§n-bn-cn-¡póp: ]¯p-I-ev]-\-
IÄ \ntj-[m-ßI Iev]-\-I-fpsS Hcp kwLm-X-a-ñ. ]n
sótbm kzmÀ°-X-bpsS, Xónð¯só AS-¨p-]q-«n-bn-cn-
¡pó Al-¯nsâ, acp-`q-an-bnð\nóv ]pd-¯p-h-cm-\pÅ
kaqÀ¯-amb \nÀt±-i-§-fm-Wv. A§s\ ]pd-¯p-h-cp-óXv
ssZh-hp-ambn kw`m-jWw \S-¯p-óXn\pw Ahn-Ss¯
Imcp-Wy-¯mð BtÇ-jn-¡-s¸-Sp-óXn\pw B ImcpWyw
aäp-Å-h-tcmSp ImWn-¡p-óXn-\p-am-Wv. A§s\ hnizmkw
Fñm-¯n-sâbpw Dd-hn-Shpw Fñm-än-s\bpw Xm§n-\n-dp-
¯p-óh-\p-amb ssZh-¯nsâ kvt\lw Gäp-]-d-bp-óp.
ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ kwkÀK-¯nsâ ]qÀW-X-bn-te¡pÅ
bm{Xbnð B kvt\l-¯mð \bn-¡-s¸-Sp-óXn\v AXv
kzbw k½-Xn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.
IrX-Ú-X-bpsSbpw kvt\l-¯nsâ {]Xyp-¯-c-¯n
sâbpw ]mX-bn-emWv ]¯p-I-ev]-\-IÄ ImW-s¸-Sp-óXv.
AXp km[y-am-Ip-óXv ssZh-¯n\p \t½m-SpÅ ]cn-hÀ¯
-\m-ß-I-kvt\-l-¯nsâ A\p-`ht¯mSv \mw hnizm-k-¯nð
Xpd-hp-Åh-cm-b-Xp-sIm-ïm-Wv. Cu ]mX, tbip-hnsâ ae-
bnse {]`m-j-W-¯nse {]t_m-[-\-¯nð\nóv ]pXnb
shfn¨w kzoI-cn-¡póp (cf. a¯m 5þ7).A§-s\, k`
ssIam-dn-¯-cpó kvac-W-bpsS \nt£-]m-e-b-¯nð AS-
§n-bn-cn-¡pó \mep LS-I-§-sf¸än Rm³ ]cm-aÀin¨p
Ignªp: hnizm-k-¯nsâ Gäp-]-d-¨nð, IqZm-i-IfpsS
BtLm-jw, ]¯p Iev]-\-I-fpsS ]mX, {]mÀ°-\. k`-
bpsS aX-t_m-[\w, It¯m-en-¡m-k-`-bpsS aX-t_m-[-\-
{KÙw DÄs¸sS, ]c-¼-cm-K-X-ambn Cu \mep LS-I-§Ä
sImïp t{ImUo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. "Xm³ F´m-bn-cn-
¡p-ópthm, Xm³ F´p hniz-kn-¡p-óthm'39 B hnizm-
k-¯nsâ k¼qÀW DÅ-S¡w kwth-Zn-¡m³ k` D]-
tbm-Kn-¡pó B GtIm-]nX {]hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ auenI
klm-bn-bmb "It¯m-en-¡m-k-`-bpsS aX-t_m-[-\-{KÙw'
C¯-c-¯nð {Iao-I-cn-¡-s¸-«-Xm-Wv.
hnizm-k-¯nsâ sFIyhpw ka-{K-Xbpw
47. Øe-Im-e§fnepÅ k`-bpsS sFIyw hnizm-k-
¯nsâ sFIy-t¯mSp _Ôn-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. "Hcp
ico-chpw Hcp Bßmhpw Hcp hnizm-khpw am{Xta DÅq'
(Ft^ 4:4þ5). C¡m-e¯v Hcp s]mXp-Imcy-¯n-\p-thïntbm
]c-kv]c XmXv]-cy-ap-Å-Xp-sIm-tïm, Htc `mKt[-bw
]¦n-Sp-óXn-\mtem Hcp s]mXp-e£yw DÅ-Xn-\mtem
a\p-jyÀ H¯p-tN-cp-óXv kÀh-km-[m-c-W-am-Wv. Fómð
Htc -k-Xy-¯nepÅ Hcp sFIyw k¦-ev]n-¡m³ Gsd
_p²n-ap-«pïvv. A¯-c-samcp sFIyw Nn´m-kzm-X-{´y-
¯n\pw hyàn-]-c-amb kzbwim-k-\m-[n-Im-c-¯n\pw hncp-
²-amsWóv \mw Nn´n-¨p-t]m-Ip-óp. Fómepw s]mXp-
hmb Hcp ZÀi\w km[y-am-sWóv kvt\lm-\p-`hw \ap¡p
ImWn-¨p-X-cp-óp. Fs´-ómð aäp-Å-h-cpsS I®p-I-fn-
eqsS bmYmÀ°ys¯ ImtW-ï-sX-§-s\-sbóv kvt\l-
¯n-eqsS \mw ]Tn-¡p-óp. AXp \½psS ZÀi-\s¯ Zcn-
{Z-am-¡p-I-bñ k¼-óam-¡p-I-bmWv sN¿p-óXv. bYm
À°-kvt\lw ssZh-¯nsâ kvt\lw t]mse, BXy-´n-
I-ambn kXyhpw tbip-{In-kvXp-hm-Ipó kXys¯ kw_-
Ôn¨v ]¦p-h-bv¡-s¸« [ym\hpw Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-óp. kvt\
90 91
ls¯ AKm-[hpw imiz-X-hp-am-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p-óp.
CXpw hnizm-k-¯nsâ henb kt´m-j-am-Wv: Hcp ico-c-
¯nepw Hcm-ßm-hnepw ZÀi-\-¯nsâ sFIy-ap-ïm-bn-cn-
¡p-I. alm-\mb setbm amÀ]m-¸m¡v C{]-Imcw ]d-bm³
Ign-ªp. "hnizmkw FIa-sñ-¦nð AXp hnizm-k-añ'.40
Cu sFIy-¯nsâ cl-ky-sa-´mWv? hnizmkw "GI-
amWv,' Hóm-a-Xmbn, AXnsâ ImcWw Adn-b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw
Gäp-]-d-b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿pó ssZhw HómWv FóXp-X-
só. Fñm hnizm-k-kXy-§fpw ssZh-s¯-¸än ]d-bp-óp.
Ahn-S-s¯bpw Ahn-Ss¯ {]hr-¯n-I-sfbpw Adnbm-\pÅ
amÀK-§-fm-W-h. Xòqew Ah-bpsS sFIyw a\p-jy-_p-²n-
bpsS GXv Bi-b-kw-Lm-X-s¯-¡mfpw DbÀó tXmXnð
DÅ-Xm-Wv. \s½ k¼-óam-¡pó Hcp sFIyw AXn-\p-ïv.
ImcWw, AXp \t½mSv kwth-Zn-¡p-Ibpw \s½ "Hóv'
B-¡n¯oÀ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.
GI-ssZ-h-¯n-te¡pw tbip-hnsâ Pohn-X-¯n-te¡pw
Ahn-Sóp \t½m-sSm¸w ]¦p-h-bv¡pó aqÀ¯-amb Ncn-{X-
¯n-te¡pw \bn-¡p-óXp-sImïpw hnizmkw GI-am-Wv.
Úm\-hm-Z-¯n\v FXn-cmb Xsâ ]S-s]m-cp-X-enð entbm
¬knse hnip² Cd-t\-hqkv C¡mcyw hyà-am-¡n. cïp-
Xcw hnizm-k-ap-sïóv Úm\-hm-Zn-IÄ ]d-ªn-cpóp: Hóv:
P\-k-aq-l-¯n\p tNÀó Akw-kvIr-Xhpw A]qÀW-hp-
amb hnizm-kw. tbip-hnsâ imco-cn-I-X-e-¯nepw Ahn-
Ss¯ cl-ky-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ [ym\-¯nepw AXp \ne-sIm-
Åp-óp. cïv: IqSp-Xð AKm-[-amb, ]qÀW-X-bpÅ hnizm-
kw. AXv D]-\-bn-¡-s¸-«-h-cpsS sNdnsbmcp hr¯-¯n\p
thïn Icp-Xn-h-¨n«pÅXmWv. tbip-hnsâ ico-c-¯n\p
AXo-X-ambn AÚm-X-ssZ-hn-I-X-bpsS cl-ky-§-sf-¸än
[ym\n-¡m³ Cu Iq«À _u²n-I-ambn Ign-hp-Å-h-cmWv.
Cópw Iptd BIÀj-Wo-b-X-bp-ÅXpw A\p-bm-bn-I-
fp-Å-Xp-amb Cu Ah-Im-i-h-mZs¯-bmWv hnip² Cd-
t\-hqkv FXnÀ¡p-óXv. B FXnÀ¸nð, Hä-hn-izm-k-ta-bp
Åqshóv At±lw Duón-¸-d-ªp. Imc-Ww, AXv a\p-
jym-h-Xm-c-¯nsâ kaqÀ¯-amb kw`-h-¯nð ASn-bp-d-¨-
Xm-Wv. AXn\v {InkvXp-hnsâ ico-c-¯n\pw Ncn-{X-¯n\pw
AXo-X-ambn \nev¡m³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-ñ. B ico-c-¯nð
]qÀW-ambn kzbw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯m³ ssZhw CjvS-s¸-
«XpsImïp-X-sóbm-W-Xv. C¡m-c-W-¯mð hnizm-ks¯
"ZoÀL-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡m³ Ign-bp-óhcpw' AXn-s\-¸än
"Aev]w am{Xw ]d-bm³ Ign-bp-óhcpw X½nð hyXym-k-an-
ñ. hen-b-hcpw sNdn-b-hcpw X½nð hnizm-k-¯nsâ Imcy-
¯nð hyXym-k-an-ñ. BZys¯ Iq«À¡v hnizm-ks¯
s]cp-¸n-¡m³ Ign-bp-I-bn-ñ. cïm-as¯ Iq«À¡v Ipd-
bv¡m\pw Ign-bp-I-bnñ.41
hnizmkw Hóm-sWóv ]d-bm-\pÅ Ah-km-\-s¯ Imc-
Ww, Htc ico-chpw Htc Bßm-hp-amb k` apgp-h\pw
AXnð ]¦p-tN-cp-óp FóXm-Wv. k`-sbó GIhnj-
b-¯nsâ kwkÀK-¯nð \ap¡p Hcp s]mXp-ho-£-W
apïmIpóp. Htc hnizmkw Gäp-]-d-ªp-sImïv \mw Htc
]md-bnð Dd-¨p-\n-ev¡p-I-bm-Wv. kvt\l-¯nsâ Htc ]cn-
ip-²m-ßm-hn-\mð \mw cq]m-´-co-I-cn-¡-s¸-«-h-cm-bn, \mw
Htc {]Imiw {]k-cn-¸n-¡p-óp. bmYmÀ°ys¯ kw_
Ôn¨v \ap¡v Htc DÄ¡m-gvN-bm-Wp-Å-Xv.
48. hnizmkw GI-am-bmð AXv AXnsâ hnip-²n-bnepw
ka-{K-X-bnepw Gäp-]-d-b-s¸-S-Ww. Fñm hnizm-k-kXy-
§fpw ]c-kv]cw _Ô-s¸-«hbmWv. AXp-sIm-ïp-Xsó
Ah-bnð Hóns\ -þ Gähpw \nÊm-c-saóp tXmóp-óh-
bnð Hóm-sW-¦nð t]mepw þ \ntj-[n-¡p-óXv apgp-h-s\
bpw hncq-]am-¡póXn\p Xpey-am-Wv.
92 93
hnizm-k-¯nsâ GsX-¦n-ep-samcp hnjbw kzoI-cn-
¡m³ IqSp-Xð Ffp-¸-ap-Å-Xmtbm IqSp-Xð {]bm-k-
ap-Å-Xmtbm Ncn-{X-¯nsâ Hmtcm L«-¯nepw ImWmw.
AXp-sImïv hnizm-k-\n-t£]w AXnsâ ka-{K-X-bnð
ssIam-dp-óp-sï-ópw (cf. 1 Xntam 6:20) hnizm-k-{]-tLm-
j-W-¯nsâ Fñm hi-§fpw thï-hn[w Duón-¸-d-bp-óp-
sï-ópw Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯p-óXn\v Pm{KX ]peÀ¯-Ww.
bYmÀ°-¯nð, hnizm-k-¯nsâ sFIyw k`-bpsS
Xsó sFIy-am-Ibmð hnizm-k-¯nð \nóv Fs´-
¦nepw ]n³h-en-¡p-óXv kwkÀK-¯nsâ kXym-h-Ø-
bnð\nóv Fs´-¦nepw ]n³h-en-¡p-óXn\p Xpey-am-Ipw.
k`m-]n-Xm-¡òmÀ hnizm-ks¯ Hcp ico-c-ambn þ hnhn[
Ah-b-h-§-fpÅ kXy-¯nsâ ico-c-ambn þ hnh-cn-¨p.
{InkvXp-hnsâ ico-c-t¯mSpw k`-bnse AXnsâ XpSÀ¨-
tbm-Sp-apÅkmZr-iy-¯n-emWv A§s\ sNbvX-Xv.42 hnizm-
k-¯nsâ ka-{K-Xsb I\y-I-bmb k`-bpsS Nn{X-t¯mS,v
{InkvXp-hn-t\m-SpÅ Ah-fpsS sshhm-lnI kvt\l-¯n-
epÅ hniz-kvX-X-tbmSjv _Ôs¸Sp-¯nbn-«p-ïv. hnizm-
k-¯n\p t{Zmlw sN¿p-I-sb-óXnsâ AÀ°w IÀ¯m-hp-
am-bpÅ kwkÀK-¯n\p t{Zmlw sN¿p-I-sb-óXm-Wv.43
At¸mÄ hnizm-k-¯nsâ sFIyw Pohn-¡pó Hcp ico-
c-¯nsâ sFIy-am-Wv. Ime-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ kXy-{]-t_m-
[-\-¯nsâ XpSÀ¨sb hnth-Nn-¨-dn-bm³ klm-b-I-ambn
hmgv¯-s¸« tPm¬ slân- \yp-am³ X¿m-dm-¡nb {]tXyI
Ipdn-¸p-I-fnð kv]jvS-ambn {]kvXm-hn-¨n-«p-ïv. kXy-{]-
t_m-[\w, AXv Iïp-ap-«p-óXn-s\-sb-ñmw AXn-te¡v
kzmwio-I-cn-¡m³ Ign-hp-Å-Xm-Wv. AXv kón-ln-X-am-bn-
cn-¡pó hyXykvX kml-N-cy-§-fnð, AXv Iïp-ap-«pó
hyXykvX kwkvIm-c-§-fnð, Fñm-¯n-s\bpw ip²o-I-cn-
¡m\pw Ah-bpsS AXn-t{i-jvT-amb {]Im-i-\-¯n-te¡v
\bn-¡m\pw AXn\v Ign-hpïv. hnizmkw A§s\ kmÀh-
{XnIw þ ImtXm-enIw þ BsWóp sXfnbp-óp, Fs´-
ómð apgp-h³ {]]-ô-s¯bpw Ncn-{X-s¯bpw tim`n-Xam-
¡m³ thïn AXnsâ {]Imiw hÀ¯-am-\-am-Ip-óp.
49. hnizm-k-¯nsâ sFIy-¯n\pw AXnsâ ka-{K-
amb ssIam-d-en\papÅ ip{iq-j-sbó \ne-bnð IÀ¯mhv
k`bv¡v A¸-kvtXm-enI ]n³XpSÀ¨sbó Zm\w \evIn.
CXn-eqsS k`-bpsS kvac-W-bpsS XpSÀ¨ Dd-¸m-¡s¸Sp-
Ibpw hnizmkw ]p-d-s¸-Spó ip²-amb t{kmX-Ênð \nóv
Dd-t¸m-Sp-IqSn tImcn-sb-Sp-¡m³ km[y-am-Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-
óp. {]`-h-Øm-\-t¯m-SpÅ _Ô-¯nsâ Dd¸v \ap¡p
e`n-¡p-óXv, k` ssIam-dn-¯ó kPo-h -hn-izm-k-t¯m-Sp-
tNÀóp\nev-¡pó Cu ]n³Xp-SÀ¨-bnse kPo-h- hy-àn-
I-fnð \nóm-Wv. IÀ¯mhv Xnc-sª-Sp¯ km£n-I-fpsS
hniz-kvX-Xbnð k` B{i-bn-¡p-óp. C¡m-c-W-¯mð,
k`-bpsS {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-cw Ft¸mgpw Xsâ hnizm-
kw- ASn-Øm\am-¡n-bn-cn-¡pó BZna hN-\-t¯m-SpÅ
A\p-k-cWt¯msS kwkm-cn-¡p-óp. k`-bpsS {]t_m-[-
\m-[n-Imcw B{i-b-tbm-Ky-am-Wv. Imc-Ww, AXp tIÄ¡p-
Ibpw kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw hni-Zo-Icn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó
hN-\-¯nð B{i-bn-¡p-óp.45
hnip² ]utemkv ante-t¯m-knðh¨v Ft^-tkm-knse
t{ijvTòm-tcmSp ]dª bm{Xm-sam-gn-IÄ A¸-kvtXm-eòm-
cpsS \S-]-Sn-¸p-kvX-I-¯nð hnip² eq¡m hnh-cn-¨n-«p-ïv.
"ssZh-¯nsâ lnXw apgp-h\pw {]tLm-jn-¡p-óXn\v' (A¸
20:27) IÀ¯mhv Xsó Gev]n¨ ISa Xm³ \nÀh-ln-¨n-«p-
sïóv At±lw km£y-s¸-Sp-¯p-óp. k`-bpsS {]t_m-
[-\m-[n-Im-c-¯neqsS-bmWv Cu ssZhlnX-w ka-{K-ambn
\½nð -F¯p-óXv, H¸w AXp ]qÀW-ambn \nÀhln-¡m³
Ign-bp-óXn-epÅ kt´m-j-hpw.
94 95
ssZhw AhÀ¡p-thïn Hcp
\Kcw kÖo-I-cn-¡póp(cf. sl{_m 11:16)
hnizm-khpw s]mXp-\-òbpw
50. sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ-\-¯nð ]g-b-\n-b-a-¯nse
tKm{X-]n-Xm-¡òm-cp-sSbpw \oXn-\n-jvT-cmb kv{Xo]p-cp-j-
òm-cp-sSbpw IY Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-
¯nsâ Hcp AhiyLS-Is¯ DbÀ¯n-¡m-Wn-¡p-óp-ïv.
hnizmkw Hcp bm{X-bmbn am{X-a-ñ, GhÀ¡pw Ah-tcm-
sSm¯v Pohn-¡m³ Ign-bpó Hcp Øew Hcp-¡pó \nÀ
½mW {]{In-b-bmbpw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-óp-ïv t]S-I-¯nð
Xsâ IpSpw-_s¯ c£n¨ t\ml-bmWv Hóm-as¯ \nÀ
½m-Xmhv (sl{_m 11:7). ]nóoSv A{_mlw hcp-óp. Dd-
am\p-jn-I-\-K-cs¯ hnizmkw {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-ó-
Xnð BZy-Xew IpSpw-_-am-Wv. (No. 52)
96 97
¸pÅ ASn-¯-d-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb \K-cs¯ {]Xo-£n-¨p-sImïv
hnizm-k-¯mð IqSm-c-§-fnð hkn-¨p-shómWv At±-l-
s¯-¸än ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡póXv (cf. sl{_m 11:9-þ10).
hnizm-k-t¯mSp _Ô-s¸«v ssZh-¯n\p am{Xw \evIm³
Ign-bpó Hcp ]pXnb hnizm-k-tbmKyXbpw,-Hcp ]pXnb
ssØcyhpw DW-cp-óp. hnizm-k-apÅ a\p-jy\v hniz-kvX
\mb ssZh-¯nð, Bt½³ Bbn-«pÅ ssZh-¯nð,
B{ibw Isï-¯m\pw (cf. Gi 65:16), A§s\ kzbw
Dd¸pÅ-h-\m-Im\pw Ign-bp-sa-¦nð Cu hnizmk ssØcyw
a\p-jyhÀK-¯n\mbn ssZhw X¿m-dm-¡pó \K-cs¯bpw
kqNn-¸n-¡p-óp-shóp \ap¡p ]d-bmw. a\p-jy-cp-sS-bn-S-
bnð ssZhw kón-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ a\p-jyÀ X½n-
epÅ _Ôw F{X-am{Xw ZrV-am-bn-cn-¡p-saóv hnizmkw
shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-óp. hnizm-k-sa-óXv hnizm-knbpsS AN-
ôe-amb t_m[ys¯, Hcp B´-cnI ssØcys¯ am{X-
añ [z\n-¸n-¡p-óXv; a\p-jyÀ¡n-S-bnse _Ô-§-fpsS
taepw AXp shfn¨w hoip-óp. Fs´-ómð, AXv kvt\l-
¯nð \nóp P\n-¡póXpw ssZh-kvt\l¯nsâ Ne-\mß-
I-Xsb {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-ó-Xp-am-Wv. B{i-b-tbmKy-\mb
a\p-jyÀ¡v B{i-b-tbm-Ky-amb \Kcw k½m-\n-¡p-óp.
51. hnizm-k- sh-fn¨¯n\p kvt\l-t¯mSpÅ _Ô
¯mð¯só (cf. Kem 5:6) AXp \oXn¡pw \nb-a-hy-h-
Øbv¡pw kam-[m-\-¯n\pw aqÀ¯-amb tkh\w sN¿m³
thïn-bp-Å-Xm-Wv. ssZh-¯nsâ BZn-a-kvt\-l-hp-am-bpÅ
Iïp-ap-«-enð \nómWv hnizmkw P\n-¡p-ó-Xv. B kvt\
l-¯nð \½psS Pohn-X-¯nsâ AÀ°hpw \òbpw
hyà-am-Ip-óp. \½psS PohnXw {]Im-in-X-am-Ip-óXv Cu
kvt\l-¯nsâ Ne-\m-ß-I-X-bn-te¡p {]th-in-¡pó-
Xnsâ tXmX-\p-k-cn-¨mWv; kvt\l-¯nsâ ]qÀW-X-bn-
te¡p \bn-¡pó Hcp ]mXbpw {]tbm-K-hp-am-bn-¯o-cp-ó-
X-\p-k-cn¨mWv. am\p-jnI _Ô-§-fpsS k¼-ó-X-sbbpw
AXnð \ne-\n-evIm\pw B{ib-tbm-Ky-cm-¡m\pw kaq-l-
Po-hn-Xs¯ k¼-óam-¡m-\p-apÅ Ah-cpsS Ign-hn-s\
bpw hne-a-Xn-¡m³ hnizm-k-sh-fn-¨-¯n\p km[n-¡pw.
hnizmkw \s½ temI-¯nð \nóp AI-äp-ón-ñ. \½psS
ka-Im-eo-\-X-bpsS kaqÀ¯-amb DZy-a-§-tfmSp ]pdw-Xn-
cnªp \nevIp-óp-an-ñ. - B{ib-tbm-Ky-amb Hcp kvt\l-
an-sñ-¦nð kv{Xo]p-cp-jòmsc bYmÀ°-ambn Hón-¨p-\n-dp-
¯m³ bmsXm-ón\pw km[n-¡p-I-bn-ñ; AhnsS Ah-cpsS
sFIyw D]-tbm-K-¯nsâbpw \n£n]vX XmXv]-cy-§fpsS-
bpw `b-¯n-sâbpw ASn-Øm-\-¯nð am{Xta k¦-ev]n-
¡m\mhq. Hón¨p Pohn-¡p-ó-Xnsâ \ò-bp-sS, aäp-Å-h-
cpsS tIh-e-km-ón-[y-¯n\p \evIm³ Ign-bpó kt´m-
j-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nð k¦-ev]n-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bn-ñ. am\p
jnI-_Ô-§-fpsS hmkvXp-hn-Zysb {Kln¡m³ hnizmkw
CS-bm-¡p-óp. Fs´-ómð Ahbv¡p ssZh-¯n-epÅ, Ahn-
Ss¯ kvt\l-¯n-epÅ, BXy-´n-I-amb ASn-Øm-\hpw
kp\n-Ýn-X-amb `mK-t[-bhpw hnizmkw a\-Ên-em-¡p-óp.
A§s\ \nÀ½m-W-I-e-bpsS-tað {]Imiw sNmcn-bp-óp.
AXp s]mXp-\-òbv¡v tkh-\-am-bn-¯o-cpóp.
hnizmkw bYmÀ°-¯nð Hmtcm hyàn¡pw Hcp \ò-bm-
Wv, AXv Hcp s]mXp-\-ò-bm-Wv. AXnsâ shfn¨w k`-bpsS
AIw am{X-añ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-ó-Xv. At§ temI-¯nð
Hcp \nXy-\-Kcw \nÀ½n-¡pI am{X-añ AXp sN¿p-ó-Xv.
AXp \½psS kaq-l-§sf {]Xym-i-bpsS `mhn-bn-te¡p
kôcn-¡m³ ]mI-¯nð sI«n-¸-Sp-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p-óp.
Cu hnj-b-¯nð sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ\w Hcp amXrI
\evIp-óp-ïv. hnizm-k-apÅ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-òm-cpsS CS-bnð
kmap-th-en-s\bpw Zmho-Zn-s\bpw t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-bp-t¼m-
98 99
gmWv A§s\ sN¿p-ó-Xv. Ah-cpsS hnizmkw Ahsc'
\oXn- \-S-¸m-¡p-ó-h-cm'-¡m³'ià-cm-¡n- (sl{_m 11:33).
Cu {]tbmKw `c-W-¯n-epÅ Ah-cpsS \oXn-sbbpw P\-
¯n\p
kam-[m\w {]Zm-\w- sN-¿m-\pÅ Ah-cpsS Úm\-
s¯bpw ]cm-aÀin-¡póp (cf. 1 kmap 12;3þ5; 2 kmap 8:15).
ssZh-kvt\-lw ASn-¯-d-bm-bp-ÅXpw _Ô-¯nð ]
Wn-Xp-bÀ¯-s¸-Sp-ó-Xp-amb Hcp ]«-Ww, D]-hn-bnð ]Wn-
Xp-bÀ¯p-t¼mįsó hnizm-k-¯nsâ Ic-§Ä kzÀK-
¯n-te¡v DbÀón-cn-¡p-óp.-
hnizm-khpw IpSpw-_hpw
52. sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ-\-¯nð `mhn-\-K-c-¯n-
te-¡pÅ A{_m-l-¯nsâ bm{X-sb-¸än ]d-bp-t¼mÄ
\½psS ]nXm-¡òmcnð\nóp a¡fn-te¡p IS-¡pó A\p-
{K-l-s¯-¡p-dn¨p kqNn-¸n-¡p-ópïv (cf. sl{_m 11:20-þ21).
am\p-jn-I-\-K-cs¯ hnizmkw {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-ó-Xnð BZy-
Xew IpSpw-_-am-Wv. hnhm-l-¯nð kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw
X½n-epÅ kpØnc-amb sFIy-s¯-¡p-dn¨v {]Y-ahpw
{][m-\-hp-ambn Rmhn-\nsS Nn´n-¡p-óp. ssZh-¯nsâ
Xsó kvt\l-¯nsâ AS-bm-fhpw kmón-[y-hp-saó \ne-
bn-epÅ Ah-cpsS kvt\l-¯nð\nóv Cu sFIyw P\n-
¡p-óp. ssewKn-I-hy-Xy-kvX-X-bpsS AwKo-I-c-W¯nð \
nópw kzoI-c-W-¯nð \nópw AXp P\n-¡p-óp. Cu hyXy-
kvXX hgn h[q-h-c-òmÀ Hä-i-co-c-am-Im\pw (cf. DXv] 2:24)
]pXnb Poh\p Pòw-\-evIm\pw Ign-hp-Å-h-cm-bn-¯o-cp-óp.
]pXnb Poh³ {kjvSm-hnsâ \ò-bp-sSbpw Úm\-¯n-
sâbpw kvt\l-]qÀW-amb ]²-Xn-bpsS {]Im-i-\-am-Wv.
Cu kvt\l-¯nð ASn-bp-d-¸n¨, kv{Xobv¡pw ]pcp-
j\pw X§-fpsS apgp-h³ Pohn-X-s¯bpw DÄt¨À¡p-
Ibpw hnizm-k-¯nsâ hyXykvXXe-§sf A\p-kva-cn-¸n-
¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó Hcp AS-bm-f-¯mð ]c-kv]-c-kvt\l
hmKvZm\w sN¿m³ Ign-bpóp. \½p-sS-Xsó Bi-b-§-
sf-¡mfpw kwcw-`-§-sf-¡mfpw henb ]²Xn \mw ImWp-
t¼mÄ Ftó¡pw kvt\ln-¡m-saóp hmKvZm\w sN¿m³
km[n-¡p-óp. \s½ Xm§n-\n-dp-¯p-óXpw \mw kvt\
ln-¡pó hyàn-¡p-thïn \½psS apgp-h³ `mhn-sbbpw
kaÀ¸n-¡m³ iàn \evIp-ó-Xp-amb ]²-Xn-bm-W-Xv.
k´m-t\m-Xv]m-Z-\w, AXnsâ apgp-h³ Bg-¯nepw
k¼-ó-X-bnepw {Kln-¡m³ hnizmkw \s½ klm-bn-
¡póp. Fs´-ómð, k´m-t\m-Xv]m-Z-\-¯nð Hcp- ]p-Xnb
hyàn-bpsS clkyw \s½ `c-ta-ev]n-¡pó krjvSn-¡pó
kvt\lw Xncn-¨-dn-bm³ hnizmkw CS-bm-¡p-óp. C§-s\-
bmWv kmdm, ssZh-¯nsâ hmKvZm-\-¯n-eq-sS, Ahn-Ss¯
hniz-kvX-X-bnð B{i-bn¨v hnizm-k-¯mð A½-bm-bn-
¯oÀó-Xv. (cf. sl{_m 11:11).
53. IpSpw-_-¯nð ssiihw apX-ð Pohn-X-¯nsâ Htcm
L«-¯nepw hnizmkw IqsS kôcn-¡p-óp. amXm-]n-Xm-
¡òmcpsS kvt\l-¯nð hnizm-k-aÀ¸n-¡m³ Ip«nIÄ ]
Tn-¡p-óp. CXn-\mð amXm-]n-Xm-¡-òmÀ IpSpw-_-§-fnð
hnizm-k-¯nsâ s]mXp-B-N-mc--§Ä t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¡p-
I-sb-óXv kp{]-[m\ amb Imcy-am-Wv. Ah Ip«n-IfpsS
hnizm-k-s¯ ]IzXbnse-¯n-¡m³ klm-bn-¡pw.
bph-P-\-§Ä Pohn-X-¯nð Gsd k¦oÀWhpw k¼-
óhpw hnizm-ks¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw kp{]-[m-\-hp-
amb Hcp L«-¯n-eqsS IS-óp-t]m-Ip-óp. AXp-sImïv
AhÀ {]tXy-I-ambn hnizm-k-bm-{X-bnð
100 101
kz´w IpSpw-_-§-fp-sSbpw k`-bp-sSbpw Ønc-km-ao-
]yhpw ]n³_-ehpw A\p-`-hn-¡-Ww. temI-bp-h-
P-\-kt½-f\-§-fnð bph-P\w hnizm-k¯nsâ B\-
µhpw IqSp-Xð ZrVhpw HuZmcy-]qÀW-hp-amb Hcp
hnizm-kw Po-hn-¡m\pÅ Ah-cpsS {]Xn-Úm-_-²-Xbpw
F§-s\-bmWv {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-ó-sXóv \½Ä Iïn-«p-Å-
Xm-W-tñm. {InkvXp-hpam-bpÅ Iïp-ap-«epw Ahn-Ss¯
kvt\l-¯mð {Kkn-¡-s¸-Sm\pw \bn-¡-s¸-Sm\papÅ
A\p-h-Zn-¡epw AkvXn-Xz-¯nsâ N{I-hm-f-§sf hn]p-eo-
I-cn-¡póp ; Akn-X-Xz-¯n\p \ncm-i-s¸-Sp-¯m¯ Ønc-
{]-Xo£ \evIp-Ibpw sN¿póp.
hnizmkw `ocp-¡Ä¡pÅ A`-b-tI-{µ-a-ñ adn¨v, Pohn-
Xs¯ [oc-X-tbmsS ]pd-t¯¡v sImïp-hóv hnim-e-am-
¡p-óXm-Wv. Cu kvt\lw hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-am-sWópw
AXn-\mbn kzbw kaÀ¸n-¡m³ sImÅm-hp-ó-Xm-sWópw
AXp \ap¡p Dd¸p \evIp-óp. ImcWw, AXnsâ ASn-
¯d ssZh-¯nsâ hniz-kvX-XbnemWv ImW-s¸-Sp-ó-Xv.
B hniz-kvXX \ap-¡pÅ Fñm ZuÀ_-ey-§-sf-¡mfpw
ià-am-Wv.
kaq-l-¯nse Pohn-X-¯n\v Hcp shfn¨w
54. IpSpw-_-¯nð kzmwio-I-cn¡-s¸«pw AKm-[-am-¡-
s¸«pw hnizmkw Fñm kmaq-lnI _Ô-§-sfbpw {]Im-
in-¸n-¡m³ Ign-hpÅ Hcp Zo]-am-bn-¯o-cp-óp. ssZh-¯n-sâ
]nXr-Xz-¯n-sâbpw Ahn-Ss¯ Icp-W-bp-sSbpw A\p-`-
h-saó \ne-bnð AXv kmtlm-Z-cy-¯nsâ ]mX-bnð \
s½ \S-¯p-óp. ka-Xz-¯nð ASn-Øm-\-s¸-Sp-¯nb Hcp
kmtlm-Zcyw ]Sp-¯p-bÀ¯m³ B[p-\n-I-Xm-hmZw ]cn-{i-
an-¨p. ]t£, B kmtlm-Zcyw AXnsâ BXy-´nI ASn-¯-
d-bmbn Hcp s]mXp-]n-Xm-hns\
]cm-aÀin-¡m-Xn-cp-ómð AXn\p
\ne-\n-ev]p-ïm-Ip-I-bn-sñóp
{ItaW \mw a\-Ên-em-¡n. \mw
kmtlm-Z-cy-̄ nsâ icn-bmb ASn-
Øm-\-̄ n-te¡p Xncn-b-Ww.
kwLÀjanñm¯-Xm-bn-cp-ón-
sñ¦nepw hnizm-k-¯nsâ Ncn{Xw
Bcw`w apXð kmtlm-Z-cy
-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-am-bn-cp-óp. ssZhw
A{_m-ls¯ kz´w \m«nð\n
óp ]pd-s¸-Sm³ hnfn-¨p. At±-
ls¯ AXp-ey-amb Hcp almP
\-X-bm-¡p-saó,v ssZhn-Im-\p-{K-
l-§Ä \nh-kn-¡pó Hcp alm
P\-am-¡p-saó,v hmKvZm\w sN-
bvXp (cf. DXv] 12:1þ3). c£m-N-
cn{Xw ]ptcm-K-an-¡p-t¼mÄ Hcp
Imcyw \mw Isï-¯p-óp.-
tbip-hnð ]qÀWX tXSpó
Cu GI- A-\p-{K-l-̄ nð ktlm
-Z-c§sfó \ne-bnð Gh-scbpw
]¦p-Imcm-¡-W-saóv ssZhw
B{K-ln-¡p-óp-. Fñm-hcpw Hóm-
Im³ thïn-bm-W-Xv. ]nXm-hnsâ
A£b kvt\lw tbip-hnð,
ktlm-Z-c-§-fpsS kmón-[y-̄ n-
eq-sSbpw ]IÀóp \evI-s -̧Sp-óp.
AXm-bXv Hmtcm kv{Xobnepw ]pcp
Hmtcm kv{Xobnepw
]pcpj\nepw
F\n-¡pÅ Hcp
A\p-{K-lapïv
Fópw
ssZh-¯nsâ
apJ-Im´n
ktlm-Z-§fpsS
hZ-\¯n-eqsS
Fsó {]Im-in-
¡p-óp-shópw
ImWm³ hnizmkw
Fsó
]Tn-¸n-¡p-óp.
102 103
-j\nepw F\n-¡pÅ Hcp A\p-{K-lapïv Fópw ssZh-
¯nsâ apJ-Im´n ktlm-Z-§fpsS hZ-\¯n-eqsS Fsó
{]Im-in-¡p-óp-shópw ImWm³ hnizmkw Fsó ]Tn-¸n-
¡p-óp.
a\p-jy-\-K-c-¯n\v, AXnsâ s]mXp-Po-hn-X-¯n\p thïn
F{Xsb{X \òI-fmWv ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-k-ho-£Ww \
evIn-bn-«p-Å-Xv! hnizm-k-¯nsâ klm-b-¯mð Hmtcm
hyàn-bp-sSbpw AXp-ey-a-l¯zw a\-Ên-em-¡m³ \ap¡p
km[n-¨n«p-ïv. AXp {]mNo-\-temI¯v kphn-ZnX-ambn-
cp-ón-ñ. cïmw \qäm-ïnð hnPm-Xn-b\mb sNðkqkv
hnUvVn-¯-saópw anYy-sbópw AbmÄ Icp-Xn-bn-cpó
Hcm-i-b-¯nsâ t]cnð {InkvXym-\n-Isf Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-
bp-ïm-bn: ssZhw a\p-jy-\p-thïn temIw krjvSn¨v a\p-
jys\ {]]-ô¯nsâ AXyp-óX irwK-¯nð {]Xn-jvTn-
¨p. "]pñp hf-cp-óXv Gähpw ImS-¯-apÅ, hnth-I-an-ñm¯
arK-§Ä¡p-th-ïn-b-ñmsX a\p-jysâ D]-Im-c-¯n\p
thïn-bm-sWóv Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-ó-sX-´p-sImïmWv?'46
kzÀK-¯nsâ Dó-X-¯nð\nóv \mw `qan-bn-te¡p t\m¡p-
I-bm-sW-¦nð \½psS {]hr-¯nIfpw Fdp-¼p-I-fp-sSbpw
tX\o-¨-I-fp-sSbpw {]hr-¯n-Ifpw X½nð Fs´-¦nepw
hyXymkw hmkvX-h-¯nð Dïm-bn-cn-¡ptam?47
ss__nfnse hnizm-k-¯nsâ aÀ½-¯nð ssZh-¯nsâ
kvt\l-am-Wp-Å-Xv. Hmtcm hyànsb kw_-Ôn¨pw Ahn-
Ss¯ aqÀ¯-amb Icp-Xem-Wp-Å-Xv. a\p-jy-hw-i-s¯
apgp-h\pw kÀh-kr-jvSn-sbbpw BtÇ-jn-¡pó Ahn-
Ss¯ c£m-]-²-Xn-bm-Wp-Å-Xv. AXv tbip-{In-kvXp-hn-
sâ a\p-jym-h-Xmcw, ac-Ww, D°m\w Fón-h-bnð ]qÀ
W-X-bn-se-¯póp.
Cu bmYmÀ°y-w Xa-kvI-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ a\p-jy-Po-
hs\ Aaq-eyhpw A\-\y-hp-am-¡p-ó-sXt´m AXp Xncn-
¨-dn-bm-\pÅ am\-ZWvUw Cñm-Xm-Ipóp; a\p-jy\v {]]-ô
¯nepÅ Øm\w \jvS-s¸-Spóp. Hóp-Inð kz´w [mÀ½n-
tIm-¯-c-hm-ZnXzw Dt]-£n-¨p-sImïv Ah³ {]Ir-Xn-bn-ð
A{]-Xy-£-\m-Ipóp Asñ-¦nð koam-Xo-X-amb ssII-S-
¯-en-\pÅ Ah-Imiw kzbw Dsïóp ̀ mhn¨v Ah³ tkz
Om-[n-Im-cn-bmb Hcp hn[n-IÀ¯m-hmbn Na-bp-óp.
55. t\tc-a-dn¨v, hnizmkw {kjvSm-hmb ssZh-¯nsâ
kvt\lw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-ó-Xp-hgn {]Ir-Xnsb hfsctbsd
BZ-cn-¡m\pw AXnð ssZh-Icw sImsï-gp-Xnb Hcp hy-
mI-cWw Xncn-¨-dn-bm\pw, \½psS kwc-£-Wbv¡pw kq£-
¯n-\p-ambn Gev]n-¡-s¸« hm-k-Ø-eambn AXns\ BZ-
cn-¡m\pw thï Ignhp \ap¡p \evIp-óp. D]-tbm-K£-a
-X-bpw em`-hpw am{Xw ASn-Øm-\-am¡m-¯, krjvSnsb
Hcp Zm\ambpw \s½ Fñm-h-scbpw AXn-t\mSv IS-¸m-Sp-Å
-h-cmbpw Icp-Xp-óp. hnI-k-\-am-Xr-I-Isf Bkq-{XWw
sN¿m³ hnizmkw \s½ klm-bn-¡p-óp. A[n-Imcw ssZh
-¯nð \nóp hcp-óp-shópw AXnsâ e£yw s]mXp-\-
òbv¡p tkh\w sN¿p-I-sb-ó-Xm-sWópw a\-Ên-em¡n
\oXn-]qÀh-I-amb Kh¬saâ v cq]-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw hnizmkw
\s½ ]Tn-¸n-¡p-óp.
hnizmkw AXp-t]m-se-Xsó £an-¡m-\pÅ km[y
Xbpw \evIp-óp. AXn\v an¡-t¸mgpw ka-bhpw ]cn-{i-
ahpw kl-\-iànbpw kaÀ¸-W-_p-²nbpw Bh-iy-am-Wv.
\ò BZn-bnse DÅ-Xm-sWópw Xnòsb¡mÄ IqSp-Xð
ià-am-sWópw ssZhw \½psS Pohn-Xs¯ ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-
¯m³ D]-tbm-Kn-¡pó hN\w Fñm \ntj-[-§sf-¡mfpw
AKm-[-am-sWópw \mw Iïp-]n-Sn-¡p-t¼mÄ £a km[y-
am-bn-¯o-cp-óp. tIhew \c-hwi-im-kv{X-]-c-amb \ne-]
m-Snð \nóp t\m¡p-t¼mÄ sFIyw kwL-«-\-s¯-¡mÄ
104 105
t{ijvT-am-Wv. kwLÀjw ]qÀW-ambn Hgn-hm-¡m\m-hn-ñ.
]t£ AXp \mw Pohn-t¡-ï-Xv, AXp ]cn-l-cn-¡m\pw
AXns\ AXn-Po-hn-¡m\pw AXns\ Hcp N§ebnse I®n
-sb-ó-t]mse sFIy-¯n-te-¡pÅ Hcp aptó-ä-ambn ]cn-
hÀ¯n-¸n-¡m\pw {ian-¨p-sIm-ïm-Wv.
hnizmkw ZpÀ_-e-am-Ip-t¼mÄ a\p-jy-PohnX-¯nsâ
ASn-Øm-\-§fpw ZpÀ_-e-am-Im\pÅ A]-ISkm[y-X
bpïv. alm-I-hn-bmb än.-F-Êv. Fen-b«v apó-dn-bn¸v \evIn-
b-Xp-t]m-se-Xsó: "kwkvIm-capÅ kaq-l-¯nð \n§
Ä¡v A`n-am\n¡m³ Ign-bpó efn-X-amb t\«-§Ä t]mepw
Ah-bpsS {]m[m-\y-¯n\p -I-S-s¸-«n-cn-¡pó hnizm-ks¯
AXn-Po-hn-¡m³ {]bm-k-am-sWóv \n§-tfmSp ]d-tb-
ï-Xptïm?'48 \½psS \K-c-§-fnð\nóv ssZhhnizm-kw
amän-¡-f-ªmð ]c-kv]-c-hn-izmkw ZpÀ_-e-am-Ipw. `bw
sImïp-am{Xw \½Ä sFIy-s¸«p \nev¡pIbpw \½psS
ØncXbv¡v `ojWn Dïm-hp-Ibpw sN¿pw.
sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ-\-¯nð \mw C§s\ hmbn-¡p-
óp: "Ah-cpsS ssZh-saóp hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-ó-Xnð ssZhw
eÖn-¡p-ónñ. AhÀ¡mbn Ahn-Sóv Hcp \Kcw kÖ-am-
¡n-bn-«pïv' (sl{_m 11:16). ChnsS "eÖn-¡p-ónñ' Fó
{]tbmKw s]mXp-Aw-Ko-Im-c-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp.
]d-bm³ Dt±-in-¡p-óXv CXmWv: ssZhw aqÀ¯-amb Xsâ
{]hr-¯n-IÄ hgn \½p-sS-bn-S-bnð kón-ln-X-\m-sWópw
Hmtcm am\p-jn-I-_-Ô-s¯bpw ZrVo-I-cn-¡m³ Ahn-Sóv
B{K-ln-¡p-óp-sh-ópw ]c-ky-{]kvXm-h\ sN¿p-óp. t\tc-
a-dn¨v ssZhs¯ \½psS ssZh-saóp hnfn-¡m³ eÖn-¡p-
óXv \½Ä BsW-¦ntem, s]mXp-Po-hn-X-¯nð Ahn-Ss¯
Gäp-]-d-bm³ ]cm-P-b-s¸-SpóXv \½-fm-sW-¦ntem Ahn-
Sóv km[y-am-¡pó s]mXp-Po-hn-X-¯nsâ al-\o-b-Xsb
Bhn-jvIcn¡m³ ]cm-P-b-s¸-SpóXv \½Ä BsW-¦ntem?
hnizmkw kmaq-lnI Pohn-X-s¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-óp. Ncn
-{X-¯nsâ Hmtcm ]pXnb \nan-j-¯n\pw thïn AXv Hcp
kÀKm-ß-I-shfn¨w kz´-am-¡n-bn-cn¡p-óp. Imc-Ww, AXv
Fñm kw`-h-§sfbpw \s½ kvt\ln-¡pó ]nXm-hnð
AXnsâ DXv]-¯n-tbmSpw `mK-t[-b-t¯m-Sp-apÅ _Ô
-¯nð {]Xn-jvTn-¡póp.
kl-\-¯n-\n-S-bnð Bizm-khpw iànbpw
56. hnip² ]utemkv Xsâ kl-\-§-sfbpw ]co-£-
I-sfbpw ]än tImdn-t´m-knse {InkvXym-\n-IÄ¡p Fgp-
Xp-t¼mÄ Xsâ kphn-ti-j-{]-tLm-j-W-t¯mSv Xsâ
hnizm-ks¯ _Ôn-¸n-¡p-óp-ïv. "Rm³ hniz-kn¨p; AXp-
sImïv Rm³ {]kw-Kn¨p' (2 tImdn 4:13) Fó thZ-{K-Ù-
hmIyw Xónð \nd-th-dn-b-Xmbn At±lw ]dbp-óp. 116-þmw
k¦oÀ¯-\-¯nse Hcp hmIyt¯mSmWv AXnsâ ]cm-
aÀiw. AXnð k¦oÀ¯-I³ C§s\ DZvtLm-jn-¡póp:
"Rm³ sImSnb Zpcn-X-¯nð AI-s¸«p Fóp ]d-ª-
t¸mgpw Rm³ Fsâ hnizmkw Im¯pkq£n¨p' (hmIyw
10). hnizm-ks¯¡pdn¨p kwkm-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ ]e-t¸mgpw
thZ-\m-P-\-I-amb ]co-£-Isf-¸-än-bpw ]d-tbïn hcmw.
-A¯cw ]co-£-Ifn-emWv Gähpw t_m[yw hcp-¯pó
kphn-ti-j-¯nsâ {]tLmj-Ww ]utem-kp ImWp-ó-Xv.
Fs´-ómð, ZuÀ_-ey-¯nepw kl-\-¯n-ep-am-Wv \½psS
ZuÀ_-ey-s¯bpw kl-\-s¯bpw Iog-S-¡pó ssZh-
¯nsâ iàn \mw Isï-¯p-ó-Xv. {InkvXym-\n-IÄ¡p
Poh-\m-bn-¯o-cm-hpó Hcp acW¯nsâ kml-N-cy-¯nð
A¸-kvtXm-e³ Xsó F¯n-s¸«p (cf. 2 tImdn 4:7þ12).
]co-£-bpsS aWn-¡q-dnð hnizmkw shfn¨w \evIp-óp.
kl-\¯nepw ZuÀ_-ey¯nep-amWv "R§Ä DZvtLm-jn-
106 107
hnizm-k- sh-fn¨w
Cu temI-¯nsâ
kl-\-§sf hnkva-
cn-¡m³ \s½
t{]cn-¸n-¡p-ón-ñ.
hnizm-knIfmb
F{Xtbm kv{Xo
]p-cp-j-òmÀ¡mWv
shfn-¨-¯nsâ
a[y-Øcmbn
kln-¡p-óÀ
amdn-bn-«pÅ-Xv.
¡p-óXv R§-sf-¡p-dn-¨-ñ. {]Xyp-X, tbip-{In-kvXp-hns\
IÀ¯m-hmbn«mWv' (2 tImdn 4:5). Fó hmIyw kphy-à-
am-Ip-ó-Xv. sl{_m-bÀ¡pÅ teJ-\-¯nse ]Xn-s\mómw
A[ymbw hnizm-k-¯n\pthïn kln-¨-hsc ]cm-aÀin-¨p-
sImïv D]-kw-l-cn-¡póp (cf. sl{_m 11:35-þ38). A§s\
kln-¨-h-cnð {it²-b-\m-bXv tami-bm-Wv. At±lw {InkvXp-
hn-\p-thïn ]oU\w kln¨p (cf. hmIyw 26).
kl\w Hgn-hm-¡m³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-sñóp {InkvXym-\n-
IÄ Adn-bp-óp. Fómepw AXn\v AÀ°-ap-ïm-Imw. AXv
kvt\l-¯n-sâ Hcp {]hr-¯nbpw \s½ Dt]-£n-¡m¯
ssZh-¯nsâ ssII-fn-te-¡pÅ kaÀ¸-W-hpw-am-Imw.
A§s\ AXv hnizm-k-¯nepw kvt\l-¯n-ep-apÅ hfÀ¨-
bpsS Hcp ]Snbm-Imw.
Ipcn-inse kl-\-¯nsâ ]mc-ay-¯nepw {InkvXp-hn\p
]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp-ïm-bn-cpó sFIy-s¯-¸än (cf.aÀt¡m 15/34)
[ym\n-¡pó {InkvXym-\n-IÄ {InkvXp-hnsâ AtX ho£-
W-¯nð ]¦p-tN-cm³ ]Tn-¡póp. acWw t]mepw Zo]vX-
am-bn-¯o-cpóp. hnizm-k-¯n-te-¡pÅ A-´n-a hnfnbmbn
ac-WwPohn-¡m-hp-ó-Xm-Wv. "\nsâ Pò-\m-«nð \nóp ]pd
-s¸-SpI' (DXv] 12:1) sbó ]nXm-hnsâ BXy-´n-I-hn-fn-
bmbn, "hcpI'sbó hnfn-bmbn A\p-`-hn-¡mhpó-Xm-Wv.
\½psS Ahkm\ Nph-Sp-h-bv]nepw \s½ Ahn-Sóv kpZr-
V-cmbn \ndp-¯p-saó -hn-izm-k-t¯m-sS- Cu ]nXm-hn\v \mw
kzbw kaÀ¸n-¡póp.
57. hnizm-k- sh-fn¨w Cu temI-¯nsâ kl-\-§sf
hnkva-cn-¡m³ \s½ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-ón-ñ. hnizm-knIfmb
F{Xtbm kv{Xo]p-cp-j-òmÀ¡mWv shfn-¨-¯nsâ a[y-Ø
cmbn kln-¡p-óÀ amdn-bn-«pÅ-Xv. A§-s\-bmWv Ip-
jvT-tcm-Kn -AÊo-kn-se hnip-² -{^m³knkn\pw Zcn-{ZÀ
Ið¡-«-bnse hmgv̄ -s¸« aZÀ
sXtc-k-mbv¡pw shfn-̈ -ta-In-b-Xv.
IpjvT-tcm-Kn-bnepw Zcn-{Z-cnepw
{]hÀ¯n-¡pó clkyw AhÀ
{Kln¨p. kln-¡p-ó-h-cn-te¡v
ASp-¯p-sImïv AhÀ¡v XoÀ¨-
bmbpw AhcpsS Fñm thZ-\
Ifpw Cñm-Xm-¡mt\m Hmtcm Xnò-
bv¡pw hni-Zo-I-cWw \evImt\m
Ign-ªn-ñ. \½psS Ccp«p apgp-
h\pw \o¡n¡fbpó shfn-¨
añ hnizm-kw. ]n-sótbm cm{Xn-
bnð \½psS Ime-Sn-Isf \bn-
¡pó hnf-¡m-WXv. bm{Xbv¡v
AXp aXn-bm-Ipw. Fñm Imcy-
§Ä¡pw hni-Zo-I-cWw \ev
Ipó \ymb-§-sfmópw ssZhw
kln-¡pó-h-tcmSv ]d-bp-ón-ñ.
]n-sótbm, IqsS N-cn-¡pó
kmón-[y-¯n-sâ- cq]-¯n-emWv
Ahn-S-\\p adp-]Sn \evIp-ó-Xv.
{InkvXp-hnð, ssZhw Xsó
\t½m-sSm¸w Cu ]mX ]¦n-Sm\pw
\ap¡v Cu ]mX-bnð shfn¨w
ZÀin-¡m-\mbn Xsâ ho£Ww
k½m-\n¡m\pw Xncp-a-\-Êm-bn.
{InkvXp-hmWv thZ\ kln-¨p
-sImïv "\½psS hnizm-k-¯nsâ
{]mcw-`-I\pw AXns\ ]qÀW-X-
bnð F¯n-¡p-ó-h\pw Bb-h³'
108 109
(sl{_ 12:2).Hmtcm kl-\-]Àh-¯nepw Hcp {]Im-i -hm-Xm-
b\w Xpd-¡m³ kl-\-N-cn-{X-t¯mSp tNcpó \ò-bp-sS
-N-cn-{X-¯nsâ cq]-¯nð.
s]mXp-\òbv¡p hnizmkw sN¿pó tkh\w Ft¸mgpw
{]XymibptS-Xm-sW-óv kl\w \s½ A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-
óp. ssZh-¯nð \nóp am{XamWv, D°n-X-\mb tbip-hnð
\nóphcpó `mhn-bnð \nóp am{XamWv, \½psS kaq-l-
¯n\v kpZr-Vhpw imiz-X-hp-amb ASn-Øm-\-§Ä Isï-
¯m³ Ign-bpI Fó-dn-ªv {]Xymi Ft¸mgpw apón-te¡p
t\m¡póp. Cu AÀ°-¯nð hnizmkw {]Xymi-tbmSp
_Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. ImcWw, ChnsS Xmsg \ap-¡pÅ
hm-ktKlw PoÀWn¨p t]mIp-I-bm-sW-¦nepw \ap¡p
imiz-X-amb Hcp hk-Xnbpïv; {InkvXphnð Ahn-Ss¯
ico-c-¯nð, ssZhw CXn-\Iw kam-cw-`n-¨Xm-WXv (cf 2
tImdn 4:16-þ5:5). hnizmkw, icWw, kvt\lw Fón-h-bpsS
kzbw Ne-\m-ß-IX (cf 1 sXkm 1:3; 1 tImdn 13:13) A§s\
B \K-c-¯n-te-¡pÅ \½psS bm{X-bnð Fñm a\pjy-
cp-sSbpw DXvI-WvTIsf BtÇ-jn-¡m³ {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡póp.
"B \K-c-¯nsâ inev]nbpw \nÀ½m-Xmhpw ssZh-amWv'
(sl{_m 11:10). Fs´-ómð "{]Xymi \s½ \ncm-i-cm
¡pónñ' (tdmam 5:5).
hnizm-kt¯mSpw kvt\l-t¯mSpapÅ sFIy-¯nð,
euInI hn{K-l-§fpsS ambm-\nÀt±-i-§Ä¡v _Z-embn
Hcp hyXy-kvX-am-\-¯nð {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-Ip-óXpw A\p-Zn-
\-Po-hn-X-¯n\v ]pXp-i-ànbpw ]p¯³ B¡hpw \evIp-
ó-Xp-amb Dd-¸pÅ `mhn-bn-te¡v {]Xymi \s½ DbÀ¯n-
hn-Sp-óp. Imes¯ inYn-eo-I-cn¨v AXns\ Øeam¡n
amäp-óXpw \½psS {]bm-Ws¯ XS-bp-ó-Xp-amb XmXvIm-
enI ]cn-lm-c-§tfm \nÀt±-i-§-tfm-sImïv {]Xym-ibv¡v
a§-te-¡m³ \ap¡v A\p-h-Zn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡mw. Ime-am-I-s«,
`mthym-òp-J-am-Wv. {]Xym-i-tbmsS aptó-dm³ AXp \s½
Dt¯-Pn-¸n-¡p-óp.
hniz-kn-¨-hÄ `mKy-hXn (eq¡m 1:45)
58. hnX-¡m-csâ D]-a-bnð "\ñ \ne-¯n'-sâ AÀ°w
hyà-am-¡n-s¡mïv tbip ]d-bpó hm¡p-IÄ hnip²
eq¡m tcJ-¸-Sp-¯nbn-«pïv: "...ChÀ hN\w tI«v, DXvIr-
jvShpw \nÀ½-e-hp-amb lrZ-b-¯nð AXp kw{Kln¨v
£a-tbmsS ^ew ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn-¡p-ó-h-cmWv' (eq¡m 8:15).
eq¡m-bpsS kphn-ti-j-¯nsâ kml-N-cy-¯nð hN\w
tIÄ¡p-Ibpw kq£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pó DXvIr-jvShpw \nÀ
½-ep-amb lrZbs¯¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀiw I\y-Im-a-dn-b-
¯n-\pÅ hnizm-k-¯nsâ AXnkq£va Nn-{XoIcWam-Wv.
B kphn-tijI³ Xsó adn-b-¯nsâ kvac-W-sb-¡p-
dn¨p {]kvXm-hn-¡p-óp-ïv. h-N\w Xsâ Pohn-X-¯nð
^ew ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn-¡p-ó-Xn-\p-thïn Xm³ tIÄ¡p-Ibpw
ImWp-Ibpw sNbvX-sXñmw AhÄ F§s\ lrZ-b-¯nð
kq£n¨pshóp ]d-bp-óp-ïv. IÀ¯m-hnsâ A½ hnizm-
k-¯nsâ ]qÀW-X-bpÅ sF¡¬ BWv, hnip² Fen-k-
_¯p ]d-ª-Xp-t]mse Xsó: "hniz-kn-¨-hÄ `mKy-hXn'
(eq¡m 1:45).
kmdm- XpS-§n ]qÀh-]n-Xm-¡-òm-Às¡m¸w ssZh-¯nsâ
hmKvZm\w ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡m\pw ]pXp-Po-h³ ]qjv]n-¡m\pw
CSw \evIn-b-h-cmb hnizm-kn-I-fmb At\Iw kv{XoP-\-
§-fpsS hnh-cWw DÄs¡m-Åpó ]gb \nb-a-¯nsâ \oï
hnizm-k-N-cn{Xw kntbm³ ]p{Xn-bmb adn-b-¯nð \nd-th-
dp-óp. Ime-k-¼qÀW-X-bnð adn-b-¯nsâ ]¡-te¡p hó
ssZh-h-N-\s¯ apgp-k-¯-tbmSpw IqsS AhÄ Xsâ lrZ-
b-¯nð kzoI-cn-¨p. Ah-fnð AXp amwkw [cn-¡m\pw
110 111
a\p-jyÀ¡pÅ shfn-¨-ambn P\n-¡m\pw thïn-bm-bn-cp-
óp, AXv. cà-km-£n-bmb hnip² PÌn³ Xsâ "{Snt^m-
bp-am-bpÅ kw`m-j-W¯nð' Fó {KÙ-¯nð lrZb-lm-
cn-bmb Hcp {]tbmKw \S-¯p-óp-ïv. adnbw amem-J-bpsS
ktµiw kzoI-cn-¨p-sImïv "hnizm-k-s¯bpw kt´m-j-
s¯bpw' KÀ`w[cn-¨p-shóv At±lw \t½mSp ]d-bp-óp.49
tbiphnsâ A½-bnð hnizmkw AXnsâ ]qÀW-X-bnð
^e-aWn-ªp. \½psS B[ym-ßnI PohnXw ^e-w \evIp-
t¼mÄ \mw kt´m-j-¯mð ]qcnX-cm-Ipw. AXv hnizm-k-
¯nsâ al-¯z-¯nsâ Gähpw hyà-amb AS-bm-f-amWv.
Xsâ ]p{Xsâ Ime-Sn-Isf ]n³sN-óp-sImïv adnbw
Xsâ Pohn-X-¯nð hnizm-k-XoÀ°m-S\w ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¨p.50
A§s\ adn-b¯nð ]g-b-\n-b-a-¯nse hnizm-kbm{X,
{InkvXm\p-K-a\ cq]w ssIs¡m-Åp-Ibpw a\p-jym-h-Xm-
cw sNbvX ssZh-]p-{Xsâ Xsó ISm-£-¯n-te¡p {]
th-in-¨p-sImïv Ahn-S-ó-Xn-\mð cq]m-´-co-I-cn¡s¸Sm³
kzbw hn«p-sIm-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-óp.
59. ap¼v Rm³ Duón-¸-dª Hcp hkvXpX ]cn-ip²
I\y-Im-a-dn-b-¯nð ImWp-óp-shóp ]qÀWambn \ap¡p
]d-bmw. AXm-b-Xv, hniz-kn-¡pó hyàn- Xsâ hnizm-k-
{]-Jym-]-\-¯n-ð DÄt¨-cp-óp. tbip-hn-t\m-SpÅ Ah-fpsS
Dä-_Ôw aqew adnbw \mw hnizmk-n-¡póXv Ft´m AXn-
t\mSv Xn«-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp. adn-b-¯nsâ I\y-Im-
KÀ`-[m-c-W-¯nð {InkvXp-hnsâ ssZh-]]p{XXz¯nsâ
hyà-amb AS-bmfw \ap¡p \evIp-óp. {InkvXp-hnsâ
\nXy-amb DdhnSw ]nXm-hnem-Wv. k¼qÀWhpw A\-\y-hp-
amb AÀ°-¯nð Ahn-Sóv ssZh]p{X-\m-Wv. AXp-sImïv
]pcp-jsâ CSs]Sð IqSmsX Ahn-S-óp Ime-¯nð P\n-
¨p. ssZh]p{X-s\ó \ne-bnð tbip temI-¯n\p ]pXnb
XpS-¡-hpw- ]p-Xnb {]Im-ihpw a\p-jy-N-cn-{X-¯n³tað
hÀjn-¡-s¸« ssZh-¯nsâ hnizkvXkvt\-l-¯n-\pÅ
]qÀWXbpw sImïphóp. adp-h-i¯v Fómð adn-b-
¯nsâ bYmÀ°-am-XrXzw ssZh-]p-{X\v bYmÀ° a\p-jy-
N-cn{Xw, Dd-¸m-¡p-óp, Ipcn-inð acn-¡p-Ibpw arX-cnð \nóv
DbnÀ¡p-Ibpw sN-¿pó bYmÀ° icocw Dd¸phcp-¯n.
adnbw tbip-hn-t\m-sSm¸w Ipcn-ip-hsc kôcn¡pw (cf
tbml 19:25). Ahn-sS-\nóv Ah-fpsS amXrXzw tbip-hnsâ
Hmtcm injy-\n-te¡pw hym]n-¡pw (cf tbml 19:26þ27).
tbip-hnsâ D°m-\-¯n\pw kzÀKm-tcm-l-W-¯n-\p-wtijw
AhÄ skln-tbm³ Du«p-im-e-bnð Çol-òmtcmSp tNÀóv
]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ Zm\-¯n-\mbn {]mÀ°n-¨p-sImïv kón-
ln-X-bm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw (cf A¸ 1:14).
]nXmhpw ]p{X\pw ]cn-ip-²m-ßmhpw X½n-epÅ kvt\l-
¯nsâ Ne\w \½psS Ncn-{X-¯n-eqsS IS-óp-t]mbn. \s½
c£n-¡m³ thïn {InkvXp \s½ Xónte¡v BIÀ-jn-¨p
(cf tbml 12:32). kv{Xobnð \nóp P\n¨, ssZh-]p{X-\mb
tbip-hns\ Gäp-]-d-bp-ó-h-\mWv hnizm-k-¯nsâ tI{µ-
_n-µp. Ahn-Sóv ]cn-ip-²m-ßm-hnsâ Zm\-¯n-eqsS Z¯p-]p
-{X-Øm-\-t¯¡v \s½ {]th-in-¸n-¡p-ó.(cf Kem 4 :4).
60. k`-bpsSbpw \½psS hnizm-k-¯nsâbpw A½-
bmb adn-b-¯n-te¡p {]mÀ°\m]qÀhw \ap¡v Xncn-bmw.
At½, R§-fpsS hnizm-ks¯ klmbn-¡-W-ta.
ssZh-kzchpw Ahn-Ss¯ hnfnbpw Xncn-¨-dn-bm\mbn
hN-\-¯n\p apónð R§-fpsS ImXp-Isf - Xpd-¡-Wta.
R§-fpsS hnizmkw ]IzX {]m]n-¡m-\mbn hnfn-¡-s¸-
Sp-t¼mÄ, ]oU-\-§fp-sSbpw Ipcn-in-sâbpw \nan-j-§-fnð
khn-ti-j-am-bpw, Ahn-S-ónð ]qÀW-ambn B{i-bn-¡m\pw
112 113
Ahn-Ss¯ kvt\l-¯nð hniz-kn-¡m\pw R§sf XpW-
¨m-epw.
D°n-X-\m-b-hsâ kt´mjw R§-fpsS hnizm-k-¯nð
hnX-bv¡-W-ta.
hniz-kn-¡p-ó-hÀ Hcn-¡epw Häbv¡-sñ-óv R§sf
HmÀ½n-¸n-¡-W-ta.
R§-fpsS ]mX-bnð tbip shfn-¨-am-Im³ Ahn-Ss¯
I®p-IÄsImïv t\m¡m³ R§sf ]Tn-¸n-¨mepw. A§-
bpsS ]p{X\pw R§-fpsS IÀ¯m-hp-amb {InkvXp Xsó-
bmb B AkvX-an-¡m¯ Zn\w DZbw sN¿pw-hsc Cu
hnizmk shfn¨w R§-fnð Fópw hf-c-s«.
\nsâ ]p{X\pw R§-fpsS IÀ¯m-hp-amb {InkvXpX-
só-bm-Wtñm Cu {]Im-iw.
tdmanð skâ v ]otä-gvknð Pq¬ 29-þmw- Xo-b-Xn, ]t{Xmkv
]utemkv Çol-òm-cpsS Xncp-\mÄ Znhkw 2013-þmw hÀj-
¯nð, Fsâ ]c-am-Nm-cy-Xz-¯nsâ Hómw hÀjw \evI-
s¸-«-Xv.
{^m³knkv ]m¸
[1] Dialogus cum Tryphone Iudaeo, 121, 2: PG 6, 758.
[2] Clement of Alexandria, Protrepticus, IX: PG 8, 195.
[3] Brief an Elisabeth Nietzsche (11 June 1865), in: Werke in drei Bänden, München, 1954, 953ff.
[4] Paradiso XXIV, 145-147.
[5] Acta Sanctorum, Junii, I, 21.
[6] “Though the Council does not expressly deal with faith, it speaks of it on every page, it recognizes its living, supernatural character, it presumes it to be full and strong, and it bases its teachings on it. It is sufficient to recall the Council’s statements… to see the es-sential importance which the Council, in line with the doctrinal tradition of the Church, attributes to faith, the true faith, which has its source in Christ, and the magisterium of the Church for its channel” (Paul VI, General Audience [8 March 1967]: Insegnamenti V [1967], 705).
[7] Cf., for example, First Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith Dei Filius, Ch. 3: DS 3008-3020; Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 5: Catechism of the Catholic Church, Nos. 153-165.
[8] Cf. Catechesis V, 1: PG 33, 505A.
[9] In Psal. 32, II, s. I, 9: PL 36, 284.
[10] M. Buber, Die Erzählungen der Chassidim, Zürich, 1949, 793.
[11] Émile, Paris, 1966, 387.
[12] Lettre à Christophe de Beaumont, Lausanne, 1993, 110.
[13] Cf. In Ioh. Evang., 45, 9: PL 35, 1722-1723.
[14] Part II, IV.
[15] De Continentia, 4, 11: PL 40, 356.
[16] “Vom Wesen katholischer Weltanschauung” (1923), in Unterscheidung des Christli-chen. Gesammelte Studien 1923-1963, Mainz, 1963, 24.
[17] XI, 30, 40: PL 32, 825.
[18] Cf. ibid., 825-826.
[19] Cf. Vermischte Bemerkungen / Culture and Value, ed. G.H. von Wright, Oxford, 1991, 32-33; 61-64.
[20] Homiliae in Evangelia, II, 27, 4: PL 76, 1207.
[21] Cf. Expositio super Cantica Canticorum, XVIII, 88: CCL, Continuatio Mediaevalis 87, 67.
[22] Ibid., XIX, 90: CCL, Continuatio Mediaevalis 87, 69.
[23] “The obedience of faith (Rom 16:26; compare Rom 1:5, 2 Cor 10:5-6) must be our response to the God who reveals. By faith one freely submits oneself entirely to God mak-
114 115
ing the full submission of intellect and will to God who reveals, and willingly assenting to the revelation given by God. For this faith to be accorded, we need the grace of God, anticipating it and assisting it, as well as the interior helps of the Holy Spirit, who moves the heart and converts it to God, and opens the eyes of the mind and makes it easy for all to accept and believe the truth. The same Holy Spirit constantly perfects faith by his gifts, so that revelation may be more and more deeply understood” (Second Vatican Ecumeni-cal Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 5).
[24] Cf. H. Schlier, Meditationen über den Johanneischen Begriff der Wahrheit, in Bes-innung auf das Neue Testament. Exegetische Aufsätze und Vorträge 2, Freiburg, Basel, Wien, 1959, 272.
[25] Cf. S. Th. III, q. 55, a. 2, ad 1.
[26] Sermo 229/L (Guelf. 14), 2 (Miscellanea Augustiniana 1, 487/488): “Tangere autem corde, hoc est credere”.
[27] Cf. Encyclical Letter Fides et Ratio (14 September 1998), 73: AAS (1999), 61-62.
[28] Cf. Confessiones, VIII, 12, 29: PL 32, 762.
[29] De Trinitate, XV, 11, 20: PL 42, 1071: “verbum quod intus lucet “.
[30] Cf. De Civitate Dei, XXII, 30, 5: PL 41, 804.
[31] Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration Dominus Iesus (6 Au-gust 2000), 15: AAS 92 (2000), 756.
[32] Demonstratio Apostolicae Predicationis, 24: SC 406, 117.
[33] Cf. Bonaventure, Breviloquium, prol.: Opera Omnia, V, Quaracchi 1891, 201; In I Sent., proem, q. 1, resp.: Opera Omnia, I, Quaracchi 1891, 7; Thomas Aquinas, S. Th I, q.1.
[34] Cf. De Baptismo, 20, 5: CCL 1, 295.
[35] Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 8.
[36] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy Sacro-sanctum Concilium, 59.
[37] Cf. Epistula Barnabae, 11, 5: SC 172, 162.
[38] Cf. De Nuptiis et Concupiscentia I, 4, 5: PL 44, 413: “Habent quippe intentionem generandi regenerandos, ut qui ex eis saeculi filii nascuntur in Dei filios renascantur”.
[39] Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 8.
[40] In Nativitate Domini Sermo, 4, 6: SC 22, 110.
[41] Cf. Irenaeus, Adversus Haereses, I, 10, 2: SC 264, 160.
[42] Cf. ibid., II, 27, 1: SC 294, 264.
[43] Cf. Augustine, De Sancta Virginitate, 48, 48: PL 40, 424-425: “Servatur et in fide inviolata quaedam castitas virginalis, qua Ecclesia uni viro virgo casta coaptatur”.
[44] Cf. An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine (Uniform Edition: Long-mans, Green and Company, London, 1868-1881), 185-189.
[45] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revela-tion Dei Verbum, 10.
[46] Origen, Contra Celsum, IV, 75: SC 136, 372.
[47] Ibid., 85: SC 136, 394.
[48] “Choruses from The Rock”, in The Collected Poems and Plays 1909-1950, New York, 1980, 106.
[49] Cf. Dialogus cum Tryphone Iudaeo, 100, 5: PG 6, 710.
[50] Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Church Lu-men Gentium, 58.