Visual Media in Literature:Traditions as well as the uses today

The academic uses of visual media: SOURCE MATERIALS

Manuscript Illuminations The Beginning of Book

Illustrations The connection between

changes in literature and visual media

Graphic Novels CONTENT ENHANCERS

What can visual media add to novel units and understanding

ASSESSMENTS Formative Assessments Summative Assessments

Source MaterialsHow to use visual media as the source material

MANUSCRIPT ILLUMINATION

• The Earliest Dated Codex with Full-Page Illustrations 354 CE

• The earliest surviving substantive illuminated manuscripts are from the period AD 400 to 600,

• From the 13th century onward, an increasing number of secular texts were illuminated.

• Gutenberg Begins Experimentation on Printing 1438 – 1444

• The introduction of printing rapidly led to the decline of illumination. Illuminated manuscripts continued to be produced in the early 16th century, but in much smaller numbers, mostly for the very wealthy.

History of Manuscripts:

A 5th century illuminated

manuscript on vellum of the

Iliad of Homer are known as the

Ilias Ambrosiana (Ilia picta). The

manuscript is thought to have

been produced in

Constantinople during the late

5th or early 6th century,

specifically between 493 and

508.

Earliest known illuminated manuscript of Homer

he oldest surviving copy of

Pedanus Dioscorides's treatise

on medical botany and

pharmacology, De Materia

Medica, is an illuminated

Byzantine manuscript

produced about 512 CE.

512 CE

contains an interlinear

gloss in Old English

which is the oldest extant

English translation of any

portion of the Bible.

The Oldest English Translation of Any Portion of the Bible 725 – 750

Blake employed intaglio engraving

in his own work, most notably for

the illustrations of the Book of Job,

completed just before his death.

Most critical work has tended to

concentrate on Blake's relief

etching as a technique because it

is the most

William Blake (28 November 1757 – 12 August 1827)

The Golden Age of

Illustration was a

period of

unprecedented

excellence in book and

magazine illustration.

It developed from

advances in technology

permitting accurate

and inexpensive

reproduction of art,

combined with a

voracious public

demand for new

graphic art.

The Golden Age of Illustration 1880’s-1920’s

Common Definition: A novel

whose narrative is related through

a combination of text and art, often

in comic-strip form.

Stephen Weiner, author of The 101

Best Graphic Novels:

A cousin of comic strips, a graphic

novel is a story told in comic book

format with a beginning, middle,

and end. Graphic novels also

include bound books conveying

nonfiction information in comic

book form.

Graphic Novels

Academic Benefits of graphic novels

Helps to motivate struggling readers or reluctant readers They have built in supports for students who struggle with

language acquisition Can be used as a content enhancer in similar ways that

movies are used Can help bridge background knowledge by showing students

the visual landscape of the story. Harnesses student’s natural interests

Synopsis:

Maus: A Survivor's Tale is a

biography of the author’s father

Vladek Spiegelman, a Polish Jew

and Holocaust survivor. The story

alternates between Poland before

and during after WWII and

Spiegelman’s later life in New York

City. It is the only graphic novel

that has won the Pulitzer Prize.

Maus: A Survivor’s TaleArt Spiegelman

Palestine is a graphic novel written

and illustrated by Joe Sacco about his

experiences in the West Bank and the

Gaza Strip December 1991 and

January 1992. In Sacco’s portrayal, the

Palestinian people are represented in

a good little, with emphasis on their

history and the strife and plight of

their lives during this time both as a

group, and as individuals.

Palestine by Joe Sacco

Persepolis is a French-language

autobiographical graphic novel by Marjane

Satrapi. The graphic novel depicts her

childhood up to early adulthood in Iran

during and after the Islamic revolution. In

2007, the first two installments were

adapted into an animated film.

Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi

In 2006, Bechdel published

Fun Home, an

autobiographical

"tragicomic" chronicling her

childhood and the years

before and after her father's

death. Fun Home has

received more widespread

mainstream attention than

Bechdel's earlier work, with

reviews in Entertainment

Weekly, People and several

features in The New York

Times. Fun Home spent two

weeks on the New York

Times Hardcover Nonfiction

bestseller lis

Fun HomeAlison Bechdel

The Arrival is a migrant story told as a

series of wordless images that might seem

to come from a long forgotten time. A man

leaves his wife and child in an

impoverished town, seeking better

prospects in an unknown country on the

other side of a vast ocean. He eventually

finds himself in a bewildering city of

foreign customs, peculiar animals, curious

floating objects and indecipherable

languages. With nothing more than a

suitcase and a handful of currency, the

immigrant must find a place to live, food to

eat and some kind of gainful employment.

He is helped along the way by sympathetic

strangers, each carrying their own

unspoken history: stories of struggle and

survival in a world of incomprehensible

violence, upheaval and hope.

The ArrivalShaun Tan

Content EnhancerHow can visual media be used to supplement content being taught in an English classroom.

Literary Classics done

in a graphic novel

format:

• Beowulf

• King Lear

• The Merchant of

Venice

• Bearskin, a Grim

Fairytale

• The Odyssey

Garreth Hinds

• Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime & Punishment  Adapted by David Zane Mairowitz 

• Hamlet By William Shakespeare; adapted by Steven Grant and Tom Mandrake

• The Hobbit, by J.R.R. Tolkien; illustrated by David Wenzel; adapted

by Charles Dixon with Sean Deming.

• The Iliad Adapted by Roy Thomas and Miguel Angel Sepulveda; adapted from the Epic Poe

m by Homer

•  The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka; adapted by Peter Kuper 

• Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray Illustrated by I.N.J. Culbard; adapted by Ian Edgin

ton 

• Robert Louis Stevenson's Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde Illustrated and adapted by Andrzej Klimows

ki and Danusia Schejbal 

• William Shakespeare's Macbeth: The Graphic Novel Illustrated by Tony Leonard Tamai; scri

pt by Arthur Byron Cover 

• Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 45 :The Authorized Adaptation by Tim Hamilton 

Other Literary Classis done in graphic novel form

AssessmentsHow to use visual media and activities as formative and summative assessments

What are some visual assessments you can think of:

Take these Owly frames and Use them to create a discussionBetween two characters in The novels