Visual Dictionary (2)
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Transcript of Visual Dictionary (2)
Visual DictionaryBSCI 11/30/09
By: Waterproofing
Air Barrier Paper
• Air/Weather Barrier paper is a moisture-resistant barrier that covers the sheathing and acts as a back-up waterproofing layer in addition to the siding.
• abp
Attic Ventilation
• Attic Ventilation lets water escape and prevents the buildup of solar heat that occurs throughout the roofing and sheathing by drawing in air to cool of the space.
• Soffit Vent
Attic Ventilation
• Ridge Vent:
Attic Ventilation Cont’d
• Roof Turbine • Gable Vent
Backhoe
• A backhoe is an excavator with a shovel bucket
attached to a hinged
boom and is drawn
backward to move
earth.
backhoe
Batter Boards
• A batter board is a temporary frame that is just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will be built in the excavation
Brick Arches
• Roman Arch • Bonded Arch
Brick Arches Cont’d
• Arch With a Keystone:
• Centering- temporary framework for an arch, dome, or vault
Brick Bonds
• Running Bond (all stretchers)
• Common Bond (several rows of stretchers separated by one
row of headers.)
• Headers
Brickwork
Brickwork
• Rowlocks • Rl
Brickwork
• Soldiers
Brickwork
• Sailors
Brick Sizes
• Standard Brick• 3 5/8” x 2 1/4” x 8”
• Modular Brick
• 3 1/2” x 2 1/4” x 7 5/8”
Bulldozer
• A bulldozer is a tractor with a metal blade used to move soil and gravel during construction.
Cladding
• Brick • EIFS
Cladding Cont’d
• Stone • Wood Boards
Cladding
• Wood Shingles • Shingles- come individually; nails of each course covered by succeeding course
• Wood shingles- sawn; Wood Shakes- split
Code Requirements
• The net opening must be 20” in min. width; 24” min. height; 5.7 sf min. area.
• Does meet code with opening; however height AFF is only 14”
• Bed r
Code Requirements
• Wood-Framed Stairs: • Tread = 11.5”• Riser = 6”• Stays within code;
min tread = 11”• Max riser = 7 3/4”
Concrete Joints
• Control Joint- an intentional, linear discontinuity in a component to make a plane of weakness allowing a crack to form in response to forces in order to minimize/eliminate cracking in other parts of the structure
• CJ
Concrete Joints
• Isolation Joint- pad of concrete beneath a pressure point to prevent the slab from cracking
• C.J.
Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)
• CMU- a block of hardened concrete, with or without hollow cores, designed to be laid in the same manner as brick or stone; a concrete block
• Standard is an 8” block
• 1 CMU = 3 courses modular brick:
CMU Sizes
• 4” block • 12” block; 8” block
Decorative Concrete Masonry Units
• Split Block • Ribbed
Doors
• Panel: 2 panels
Top rail
Stile
panel
Lock rail
Bottom rail [implied]
Flush Door
Doors Cont’d
• Transom- A small window directly above a door
• Sidelight: window alongside a door
• T
Electrical Components
• EC • Service Head
Meter- measures amt. of electricity going into home
service panel-receives 3 main wires from meter base; holds circuit breakers.
Transformer- electrical device that changes the voltage of alternating current.
Duplex receptacle- hides 2 entering cables and wires, covered w/ plastic sheathing.
Framing Elements
• 1) Anchor Bolt • Anchor bolt
Framing Elements
• 2) Floor Joist [for 2nd floor]
• 3) Sub-flooring
• – 6) Stud
4) Sill plate
7) Top
plate
5) Sole plate
Framing
8) Stringer • St
Framing Cont’d
• 9) Ceiling Joist • 10) Rafters
Framing Cont’d
• 11) roof decking• 12) sheathing
Front End Loader
• Engineering vehicle that loads and transports dirt, gravel, and other materials
• 5’
• Front end loaders are wheeled (not tracked like a bulldozer). Unlike backhoes, they have a front bucket.
• fel
Gypsum Board
• An interior facing panel made of a gypsum core between two paper faces. Also known as drywall or plasterboard
Heat Pump
• Device that utilizes a refrigeration cycle to heat or cool a building by passing water or air over condensing or evaporating coals.
Insulation
• Purpose- slow passage of heat, control water vapor, control air filtration
• Rigid board insulation
• Inside
Batt Insulation
Concrete Lintel
• A beam that carries the load of a wall across a window or door, or opening
• Lintel
Mortar• Troweled; 1/2” thick;
residential, house. Type O or N
• Tooled 3/4” public building; possibly type N or S
Mortar joint
Oriented Strand Board (OSB)
• Building panel composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure; nonveneered panel product.
• Osb
Plumbing
• Lavatory- 1 1/2 in pipe required
• Water Closet
Plumbing Cont’d
• Tub w/ studs:
Plumbing
• Plumbing Vent; VTR admits air to waste water system
Plumbing
• Kitchen Sink• undermount
• Sink
Plywood
• Wood panels composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer or veneers in plywood that are bonded together under pressure.
• Plywood
Radiant Barrier
• This is a reflective foil next to an airspace in the roof or the wall assemblies to defer infrared energy
Rebar
• 1/2” diameter, #4 bar:
• The surface ribs of rebar allow for better bonding to the concrete.
Steep Roof Drainage
• Gutter- a channel that collects rainwater and snowmelt at the eave of a roof
• Downspout- a vertical pipe for conducting water from a roof to a lower level
Steep Roof Drainage
• Splash block- water and soil that are deposited on an exterior wall near the ground by the action of falling water from the roof
• Drainage
Steep Roof Materials
• Underlayment: • Clay Tile Roof:•
Steep Roof Materials
• Shingle: a small unit of water-resistant material that is nailed to a wall or a sloping roof (with many overlapping layers); purpose is to keep it water-tight.
• Slate Shingles:
Steep Roof Materials
• Wood Shingles: • Shingles
Steep Roof Materials
• Metal Panel Roof-
• Common materials today are enamel-coated galvanized steel, copper, lead-coated copper, stainless steel, terne, and ternecoated stainless
steel.
Steep Roof Shapes
• Gable • Mansard
Steep Roof Shapes
• Hip
Steep Roof Shapes
• Shed or Single-pitched roof
Steep Roof TermsValley- trough formed by the intersection of 2 roof slopes
Ridge- level intersection of 2 roof planes in a gable roof
Rake- sloping edge of a steep roof
Eave- horizontal edge at low side of sloping roof
Steep Roof TermsHip- diagonal intersection of planes in a hip roof
soffit
Facia- exposed vertical face of an eave
Under-surface of horizontal element, I.e. roof overhang
Stone
• Coursed Rubble • Random Rubble
Stone
• Coursed Ashar • Random Ashar
Waterproofing
• Dampproofing- membrane loosely applied over foundation.
• Wp
Weep Hole
• asdf • Weep Hole: small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates in a building component or assembly.
Windows
Casement (hinged alongside the window)
• Fixed (not hinged)
Windows
• Double hung (2 overlapping sashes that slide vertically in tracks)