Visitor Counter Ppt
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PCB DESIGNING & PCB DESIGNING & CIRCUIT CIRCUIT
SIMULATIONSIMULATION
PROJECT:PROJECT:VISITOR COUNTERVISITOR COUNTER
by:by:
AKANKSHA VERMAAKANKSHA VERMA
N.C.I.T.N.C.I.T.
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INDEXINDEX
• PCB DESIGNING & CKT SIMULATIONPCB DESIGNING & CKT SIMULATION• PROJECTPROJECT 1.Components1.Components 2.Schematic2.Schematic 3.Working3.Working 4.Future Scope & Limitations4.Future Scope & Limitations
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VISITORVISITOR
COUNTERCOUNTER
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COMPONENTS:COMPONENTS:• Voltage Regulator LM-7805 ICVoltage Regulator LM-7805 IC• 555 Timer IC555 Timer IC• CD4029 BC- Presettable CD4029 BC- Presettable
Binary/Decade Up/Down Counter ICBinary/Decade Up/Down Counter IC• Opto IsolaterOpto Isolater• HEF 4511B IC-Change BCD to Seven HEF 4511B IC-Change BCD to Seven
Segment Latch\Decorder\DriverSegment Latch\Decorder\Driver• S.S.D. (Seven Segment Display)S.S.D. (Seven Segment Display)• Header 2, Capacitors, Diodes, NPN Header 2, Capacitors, Diodes, NPN
Transistor, Resistor.Transistor, Resistor.
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VOLTAGE REGULATOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR
LM7805 ICLM7805 IC
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555 Timer IC555 Timer IC
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555 -MONOSTABLE 555 -MONOSTABLE MODEMODE
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• It is a pulse-generating ckt having one stable & It is a pulse-generating ckt having one stable & one quasi-stable state.one quasi-stable state.
• Since there is only one stable state so it is Since there is only one stable state so it is known as ‘monostable multivibrator’known as ‘monostable multivibrator’
• The duration of the o/p pulse is determined by The duration of the o/p pulse is determined by the RC network connected externally to the the RC network connected externally to the 555 timer.555 timer.
• The stable state o/p is approximately zero.The stable state o/p is approximately zero.
• The external trigger pulse forces the o/p to The external trigger pulse forces the o/p to become high or approx Vcc.become high or approx Vcc.
• After a predetermined length of time the o/p After a predetermined length of time the o/p automatically switches back to the state & automatically switches back to the state & remains low until a trigger pulse is again remains low until a trigger pulse is again applied.applied.
• This cycle repeats again & again. This cycle repeats again & again.
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555 –BISTABLE 555 –BISTABLE MODEMODE
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CD 4029 BC- Presettable CD 4029 BC- Presettable Binary/Decade Up/Down Binary/Decade Up/Down Counter ICCounter ICFEATURES: FEATURES: • Wide supply voltage range: 3V to 15VWide supply voltage range: 3V to 15V
• Binary or BCD decade up/down countingBinary or BCD decade up/down counting
• Parallel jam inputsParallel jam inputs
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HEF 4511B IC-Change BCD to HEF 4511B IC-Change BCD to Seven Segment Latch\Decoder\Seven Segment Latch\Decoder\Driver.Driver.
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• This is 16 pin ic having 4 address i/p.This is 16 pin ic having 4 address i/p.
• Active Low I/P Latch Enable , Ripple Blanking , Lamp Active Low I/P Latch Enable , Ripple Blanking , Lamp Test.Test.
• Seven active high n-p-n bipolar transistor segment Seven active high n-p-n bipolar transistor segment outputs.outputs.
• When active low i/p latch enable is low, the state of When active low i/p latch enable is low, the state of the segment o/p is determined by the data on the 4 the segment o/p is determined by the data on the 4 address i/p.address i/p.
• When active low i/p latch enable is high, the last data When active low i/p latch enable is high, the last data present on the 4 i/p address are stored in the latches present on the 4 i/p address are stored in the latches & the segment o/p remain stable.& the segment o/p remain stable.
• When active low i/p lamp test is low, all the segment When active low i/p lamp test is low, all the segment o/p are high independent of all other i/p conditions o/p are high independent of all other i/p conditions but if it is high, a low on ripple blanking i/p forces all but if it is high, a low on ripple blanking i/p forces all segment o/p’s low.segment o/p’s low.
• The i/p’s lamp test & ripple blanking do not affect the The i/p’s lamp test & ripple blanking do not affect the latch ckt.latch ckt.
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S.S.D. (Seven Segment S.S.D. (Seven Segment Display)Display)
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S.S.D. (Seven Segment S.S.D. (Seven Segment Display)Display)
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WORKINGWORKING• Power supply circuit supplies 5V DC to Power supply circuit supplies 5V DC to
the ckt.the ckt.
• When person passes through the space When person passes through the space b/w opto isolator the infra red rays are b/w opto isolator the infra red rays are blocked & transistor stop working then blocked & transistor stop working then the i/p when transistor is in working that the i/p when transistor is in working that is 0 changes into 1 which is given to the is 0 changes into 1 which is given to the i/p of 555 bistable mode ic at 2i/p of 555 bistable mode ic at 2ndnd pin pin
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FUTURE SCOPE & FUTURE SCOPE & LIMITATIONSLIMITATIONS
• No. of ssd nd ic we can add for higher No. of ssd nd ic we can add for higher counting.counting.
Advantages:Advantages: It can count person.It can count person. The person entering or exit from The person entering or exit from
anywhere it help in this. anywhere it help in this. Disadvantages:Disadvantages: It can’t work as both.It can’t work as both.
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THANKTHANK YOUYOU