Name of Sewage Treatment Plant: - Ichalkaranji Sewage Treatment Plant(STP) Location of STP: - Ichalkaranji, Maharashtra. This plant is located near Sharad Institute of Technology, Sangli aka, Ichalkaranji. Purpose of visit: - To learn how the waste water treatment plant works, which are the parts of this system. To learn !arious things related to waste water treatment plant. "isit is important for understanding different terms related to waste water treatment plant. So that we !isited to this waste water treatment plant which is located at Ichalkaranji, Maharashtra. Guide for visit:- Prof. #.M. Patil $nd Mr.".%.&thale Class:- T.#.'.Tech(I"I)Date:- *+,-.,/-*0 Capacity:- Total (apacity of sewage treatment plant is /- M)1 General site conditions: Ichalkaranji with a population of 2.87 lakh as per Census 2011) is an industrial city located in Kolhapur district. Most of the tetile industries in the city dischar!e their industrial e"uent into nallah without treat#ent. $hese nallahs #eet %anch!an!a and Krishna &i'er which are the source of drinkin! water for the city. (win! to untreated wastewater dischar!e fro# Ichalkaranji and upstrea# cities as well as industrial e"uent dischar!e) pollution of water sources in the city is a key pro*le#. Ichalkaranji also faced a +epatitis out*reak in 2012 which clai#ed se'eral li'es and the City ,d#inistration has *een taken to court for this. ,fter this incident) the city installed a C-$% for 12 M./ near the tetile cluster *ut there are still se'eral s#all scale tetile industries scattered across the city which are not treatin! their e"uents.Treatment units:-This treatement plant contain following units1. Pretreatment0 1creenin!) 2rit cha#*er etc. 2. %ri#ary treat#ent0 pri#ary sedi#entation tank3. 1econdary treat#ent0 1econdary sedi#entation tank) -tended aeration4. tertiary treat#ent0 disinfectant) 1lud!e treat#ent and disposalPretreatmentPretreatment remo!es all materials that can 2e easily collected from the raw sewage 2efore they damage or clog the pumps and sewage lines of primary treatment 2ar screen. 32jects that are commonly remo!ed during pretreatment include trash, tree lim2s, lea!es, 2ranches, and other large o2jects.The influent in sewage water passes through a 2ar screen to remo!e all large o2jects like cans, rags, sticks, plastic packets etc. carried in the sewage stream.This is most commonly done with an automated mechanically raked 2ar screen in modern plants ser!ing large populations, while insmaller or less modern plants, a manually cleaned screen may 2e used. The raking action of a mechanical 2ar screen is typically paced according to the accumulation on the 2ar screens and4or flow rate. The solids are collected and later disposed in a landfill, or incinerated. 'ar screens or mesh screens of !arying si5es may 2e used to optimi5e solids remo!al. If gross solids are not remo!ed, they 2ecome entrained in pipes and mo!ing parts of the treatment plant, and can cause su2stantial damage and inefficiency in the processVelocityThe !elocity of flow ahead of and through the screen !aries and affects its operation. The lower the !elocity through the screen, the greater is the amount of screenings that would 2e remo!ed from sewage. 6owe!er, the lower the !elocity, the greater would 2e the amount of solids deposited in the channel. 6ence, the design !elocity should 2e such as to permit *--7 remo!al of material of certain si5e without undue depositions. "elocities of !" to #!$ mps through the open area for the pea% flows ha!e 2een used satisfactorily. 8urther, the !elocity at low flows in the approach channel should not &e less than !' mps to a!oid deposition of solids.Grit removalPretreatment may include a sand or grit channel or cham2er, where the !elocity of the incoming sewage is adjusted to allow the settlement of sand, grit, stones, and 2roken glass. These particles are remo!ed 2ecause they may damage pumps and other e9uipment. 8or small sanitary sewer systems, the grit cham2ers may not 2e necessary, 2ut grit remo!al is desira2le at larger plants. %ri#ary treat#entIn the primary sedimentation stage, sewage flows through large tanks, commonly called :pre,settling 2asins:, :primary sedimentation tanks: or :primary clarifiers:. The tanks are used to settle sludge while grease and oils rise to the surface and are skimmed off. Primary settling tanks are usually e9uipped with mechanically dri!en scrapers that continually dri!e the collected sludge towards a hopper in the 2ase of the tank where it is pumped to sludge treatment facilities. ;rease and oil from the floating material can sometimes 2e reco!ered for saponification (soap making).1econdary treat#entSecondary treatment is designed to su2stantially degrade the 2iological content of the sewage which are deri!ed from human waste, food waste, soaps and detergent. The majority of municipal plants treat the settled sewage li9uor using aero2ic 2iological processes. To 2e effecti!e, the 2iota re9uire 2oth o