Vishwakarma Yojana Report Electrical

8/17/2019 Vishwakarma Yojana Report Electrical

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Gujarat Technological University

Ahmedabad Gujarat

Project Report of

Vishwakarma Yojana: An approach towards Rurbanization

(Phase III)

Village Santej District Gandhinagar


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Vishwakarma Yojana: Santej, Gandhinagar

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Gujarat Technological University, Gujarat

PROJECT REPORT

ON

“Vishwakarma Yojana: Phase-III

An Approach towards Rurbanization

for

Santej Village, Gandhinagar District, Gujarat

Year:2015-16

Prepared by

NAME ENROLLMENT NO

Pratik B Jogi 120170109026

Nodal Officer:

Prof. K. B. Rathod,

Electrical Department,Vishwakarma Government Engineering College

Chandkheda, Ahmedabad-382424

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL

UNIVERSITY

Chandkheda, Ahmedabad–

382424

Gujarat

Vishwakarma Government Engineering

College,

Chandkheda, Ahmedabad–

382424

Gujarat


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CONTENT

List of Content Page No.

Cover Page1

Certificate 4

Acknowledgement 5

Abstract 6

Index 7

List of Figures 9

List of Tables 9


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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project work entitled “Vishwakarma Yojana

Phase III (Village – Santej)” is the work done by

Pratik Bipinbhai Jogi (120170109026)

Under my guidance in partial fulfilment of the degree of Bachelor of

Engineeringin Electrical Engineering, of Gujarat Technological University,

Chandkheda, Ahmedabad during the academic year 2015-16.

_______________ ____________

Prof. S. P. SAPRE Prof. K.B.Rathod

(Head of Department) (Project Guide)


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am highly indented to Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad for providing us such

opportunity to work under Vishwakarma Yojana to get real work experience and applying

our technical knowledge in the development of Villages.

I wish to express our deep sense of gratitude to Dr. Akshai Agrawal, Hon‟ble Vice

Chancellor, Gujarat Technological University-Ahmedabad, for his encouragement and

support during project work. I express our sincere thanks to all the members of Department

of Technical Education for appreciating and acknowledging our work. Especially thanks to

Registrar, Gujarat Technological University and team of Gujarat Technological University

for their unconditional support during the project work.

I express our sincere thanks to DDO, TDO, Sarpanch and staff members of Santej village

for providing us with requisite data whenever I approached them.Especially our thanks are

to all villagers and stake holders for their support during Survey.

An act of gratitude is expressed to our guide Prof. K.B.Rathod, Nodal Officer ,

Vishwakarma Government Engineering College, Chandkheda for their invaluable

guidance, constant inspirationand his actively involvement in my dissertation work. I

therefore, take thisopportunity for expressing our deep gratitude and sincere thanks to them

withoutwhose help and cooperation, it might not been possible for us to produce this project

work in the present form.

Pratik B Jogi


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ABSTRACT

Today world is growing rapidly and the living standards of society are improving due to

development in each and every field. Due to evolution of new technologies, world

has become small. Gandhinagar is among one of the developed cities of Gujarat.

Santej is one of the villages of Gandginagar district. It is essential that development must

be indicated at village level for growth of the state and nation.The preliminary survey

was carried out and data has been collected to assure the problem of the village. It is

observed that the village is facing the problem and basic amenities like street light, energy

efficient equipment product along with lake of important facility like solid waste disposal and

drainage facility.The efforts are made to suggest the remedies to tackle the problem and

household solution at preliminary level. It is also intended to carry out detailed survey for

the betterment of the village at large scale.


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INDEX

Sr. No. Chapter Page No.

1 Introduction 91.1 Introduction of Chapter

1.2 Study justification

1.3 Study Area

1.4 Objectives of the study

1.5 Scope of the Study

1.6 Methodology

2 Literature Review 122.1 Electricity in village

2.2 Government Norms (Rules & Regulations)

2.3 Issues identification

2.4 Approach So Far

3 Study Area Profile 17

3.1 Study Area Location

3.2 Physical & Demographical Growth

3.3 Brief history

3.4 Economic profile

3.5 Social scenario

3.6 Electricity infrastructure network

3.6.1. Available sources in village

(For house, irrigation, industry or other)

4 Planning Proposal 21

4.1 Design Selections

4.2 Design Proposals

4.2.1 Primary Energy Audit

4.2.2 Sustainable/ Renewable Energy source

Planning

5 Recommendation & Suggestions 31

6 Conclusion 32

7 Annexure 33


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7.1 Survey Form

7.2 Base map of Village with respect to electricity

distribution

7.3 Photographs

List of Figures

List of Tables

Sr. No. Details Page No.

1 Methodology 11

2 Village Map 1 17

3 Village Map 2 17

4 Population 18

5 Energy Consumption Graph 25

6 Electricity Bill Graph 25

7 Solar Roof Top System 31

Sr. No. Details Page No.

1 Population 18

2 Billing Details 25

3 End User Profile 26

4 ENCON 26

5 Power Consumption Detail in Panchayat 28


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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction of Chapter

Around 70% of the State's population is living in rural areas. People inrural areas

should have the same quality of life as is enjoyed by people living insub urban and

urban areas. On account of poverty, unemployment, poor andinadequate

infrastructural facility has caused migration of the rural people to urban.Hence,

created slum in these region consequently social and economic tensionhas resulted

in urban areas. Hence, rural Development which is concerned with economic growth

and social justice, improvement in the living standard of the rural people by providing

adequate and quality social services and minimum basic needs becomes essential.

The present strategy of rural development mainly focuses on provision of basic

amenities and infrastructure facilities through innovative program of wageand self-

employment. For economic improvement of local people the above goals will be

achieved by various program being implemented creating partnership with

communities, non-governmental organizations, community based organizations,

institutions.

The Government's policy and program have laid emphasis on poverty,generation of

employment and income opportunities and provision of infrastructureand basic

facilities to meet the needs of rural poor.

As a measure to strengthen the grass root level democracy, the Government is

constantly endeavouring to employ Panchayat Raj Institutions interms of functions,

powers and finance.


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1.2 Study justification

The basic need of rural development program is to alleviate poverty and unemployment through

Creation of basic social and economic infrastructure

Provision of training to rural unemployed youth

Providing employment to marginal Farmers/Labourers.

By this Vishwakarma Yojana project, government want technical solution of the problem of

villages at the engineering point of view. In this project, the common problem of village are solved

by the engineering students.

1.3 Study Area

Renewable Energy Source Planning

Primary Energy Audit

Energy Efficient Technology

Design of small solar power plant

1.4 Objectives of the study

Rural development aims at improving rural people‟s livelihoods in an equitable and sustainable

manner, both socially and environmentally, through better access to assets (natural, physical,

human, technological and social capital), and services, and control over productive capital (in its

financial or economic and political forms) that enable them to improve their livelihoods on a

sustainable and equitable basis.

Main objectives are,

To suggest the suitable technical solution of problem.

To suggest improvement of basic facility like solid waste management, drainage

facility etc. and amenities like street light, solar roof top plant.


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1.5 Scope of the Study

The study may lead to improvise the scope of region in various front.

Improve living standard of rural people by helping them develop their skill and subsequently by

assisting them in implementing income generating activities in close coordination and

cooperation with national and international organizations.

Improve the physical infrastructural facilities, social infrastructural facilities such

as public latrine blocks and garden.

There is also no availability of non-conventional sources. The village is not so

developed at now and it is the main village of this Taluka, so it requires

development as soon as possible.

1.6 Methodology

Figure 1

Village

Literature

Review

Data

Collection

Data

Presentation

DesignProposal

Recommendation Conclusion

Available

EmenitiesGap Analysis


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2 Literature Survey

2.1 Electricity in village

Rural electrification is the process of bringing electrical power to rural and remote

areas. Electricity is used not only for lighting and household purposes, but it also

allows for mechanization of many farming operations, such as threshing, milking,

and hoisting grain for storage. In areas facing labour shortages, this allows for

greater productivity at reduced cost

In December 2011, over 300 million Indian citizens had no access to frequentelectricity. Over one third of India's rural population lacked electricity, as did 6% of

the urban population. Of those who did have access to electricity in India, the supply

was intermittent and unreliable. States such as Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, etc.

provide continuous power supply.

India's Ministry of Power launched Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana

(DDUGJY) as one of its flagship programme in July 2015 with the objective of

providing round the clock power to the rural areas. It focuses on reforms in rural

power sector by separation of feeder lines (rural households & agricultural) and

strengthening of transmission and distribution infrastructure. The earlier scheme for

rural electrification viz. Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY) has

been subsumed in the new scheme as its rural electrification component.

In Gujarat most of the village get 24/7 electricity supply. But, use of renewable

energy sources is very less.


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2.2 Government Norms (Rules & Regulations)

The activities to be supported should lead to promotion of sustainable infrastructure

development in rural and agriculture & allied sector.

The activities should include a component for documentation of experience during

implementation.

Special thrust to North-East Regions including Sikkim, Eastern Region and Hilly

Himalayan States of Uttarkhand, Himachal Pradesh and J & K, for creation of

experimental/ promotional infrastructure as also for supporting all other activities.

The experimental projects/activities to be supported should be prototypes of

innovative/ experimental/demonstrative nature. Infrastructure assets created should

result in improvement or generate demand for other infrastructures of higher order.

Under Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana, electricity distribution infrastructure

is envisaged to establish Rural Electricity Distribution Backbone (REDB) with at least

a 33/11KV sub-station, Village Electrification Infrastructure (VEI) with at least a

Distribution Transformer in a village or hamlet, and standalone grids with generation

where grid supply is not feasible.

This infrastructure would cater to the requirements of agriculture and other activities

in rural areas including irrigation pump sets, small and medium industries, khadi and

village industries, cold chains, healthcare and education and IT. This would facilitate

overall rural development, employment generation and poverty alleviation.

Subsidy towards capital expenditure to the tune of 90% will be provided, through

Rural Electrification Corporation Limited (REC), which is a nodal agency for

implementation of the scheme. Electrification of un-electrified Below Poverty Line

(BPL) households will be financed with 100% capital subsidy @ Rs.1500/- per

connection in all rural habitations.

The Management of Rural Distribution is mandated through franchisees. The

services of Central Public Sector Undertakings (CPSU) are available to the States

for assisting them in the execution of Rural Electrification projects.


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2.3 Issues identification

Availability of street lightning in village or rural area

Availability of regulated power

Requirement of electricity for farmers for pumping purpose

Unawareness of villagers in saving electricity

Incomplete coverage

Faulty definition/ incomplete data

Less enthusiastic approach by NGO‟S

Lack of improvement in technology

No use of renewable energy resources

2.4 Approach So Far

Kutir Jyoti Program (KJP)

KJP was initiated in 1988-89 to provide single point light connection (60 w) to all

Below Poverty Line (BPL) households in the country. KJP provides 100% grant for

one time cost of internal wiring and service connection charges and builds in a

proviso for 100% metering for release of grants. Nearly 5.1 million households have

been covered under the scheme to date. The scheme was merged into the

Accelerated Electrification of One Lakh Villages and One Crore Households in

May2004 and now into the RGGVY.

Accelerated Rural Electrification Program (AREP)

The AREP operational since 2002, provides an interest subsidy of 4% to states for

rural electrification (RE) programs. The AREP covers electrification of un-electrified

villages and household electrification and has an approved outlay of Rs.560 crore

under the 10 the Plan. The interest subsidy is available to state governments and

electricity utilities on loans availed from approved financial institutions like the REC

(Rural Electrification Corporation), PFC (Power Finance Corporation) under the

Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF).


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Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojna (PMGY)

The PMGY launched in 2000-2001 provided additional financial assistance for

minimum services by the central government to all states on a 90% loan and 10%grant basis. These included rural health, education, drinking water and rural

electrification. The PMGY with an outlay of about Rs.1600 crores during the 10th

Plan period was being coordinated and monitored by the Rural Development

Division of the Planning Commission. Under PMGY states had the flexibility to

decide on the interreallocation of funds amongst the 6 basic services. Thus states

could enhance allocations to expedite the pace of rural electrification.

Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana

It is earlier known as Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana. Government of

India, in April 2005, launched the scheme Rajiv Gandhi Grameen vidyutikaran

Yojana Scheme of Rural Electricity Infrastructure and Household Electrification for

electrification of un-electrified villages and providing access to electricity to all rural

households in the country, including electrification of un-electrified habitat popu lation

of above 100, providing free electricity connections to BPL households.

The Remote Village Electrification (RVE) Program

Since 2005, the RVE program of the Ministry of New and Renewable Energies

(MNRE) has been supplementing the efforts of the Ministry of Power (MoP) through

complementary measures for the provision of basic lighting/electricity facilities

through renewable energysources. The Remote Village Electrification program

(RVE) is responsible for electrifying un-electrified remote census villages and remote

un-electrified hamlets of electrified census villages where grid connection is either

not feasible or not economical (because they are located in forests, hills, deserts or

islands) and where DDG projects are not implemented by the RGGVY of the Ministry

of power.


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The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM)

The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission was launched on 23 November 2009

in a statement to Parliament by the Union Minister for New and Renewable Energies.

This mission is part of the 2008 Indian National Action Plan on Climate Change(NAPCC) which seeks to reduce India‟s future reliance on non-renewable energy

sources. The National Solar Mission is a major initiative of the Government of India

and State Governments to promote ecologically sustainable growth while addressing

India‟s energy security challenge. It will also constitute a major contribution by India

to the global effort to meet the challenges of climate change.

Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT)

The purpose of Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) is

to (i) ensure that every household has access to a tap with assured supply of water

and a sewerage connection; (ii) increase the amenity value of cities by developing

greenery and well maintained open spaces (parks); and (iii) reduce pollution by

switching to public transport or constructing facilities for non-motorized transport

(e.g. walking and cycling). You can find detailed information about the Mission‟s

objectives, planning, funding, etc.


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3 Study Area Profile

3.1 Study Area Location

Santej is 30 km away from Ahmedabad city. Kalol is the nearest town which is 18 km farfrom village.

Figure 2

Figure 3


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Male

53%

Female

47%

0%0%

Population

MaleFemale

3.2 Physical & Demographical Growth

Its population is 7493 according to 2011 census.

Total area of village is 2108.02 hector.

Approximately 800 hector is the residential area.

Village has 2 school and 1 PHC.

Agriculture is the main occupation. Apart from this industries also provides

handsome share in village economy.

Table 1

Figure 4

Sr. No. Census Population Male Female House Hold

1 2011 7493 3974 3519 1683


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3.3 Brief history

Santej is 30 km away from Ahmedabad city. Kalol is the nearest town which is 18 km

far from village. It is one of the villages of the Kalol Taluka.

Santej is known Santej Tiles. It is main attraction of the village.

Santej has one old God Mahadeva‟s temple.

Near to Santej Village, thre is a Hare Krishna Temple. Feom this temple, Akshya

Patra provides “Madhyahan Bhojan” to Govt School students.

3.4 Economic profile

Main business of village is agriculture. Santej has a market also. Several people of

village run shops and other basic necessary business for daily life like grocery

shops, garage, saloon electrical repairing etc.

Transportation and food business run successfully and give employment to the many

villages.

3.5 Social Scenario

All the villagers lives with unity. Most of the villagers are from middle class.

It has 2 school. It has only one primary health centre. It has 9 working „Aaganwadi‟.

It has poor drainage system. Cleanliness is required in the village.

Most of the roads are concrete road and some are pucca road.

Enrolment ratio in the school is 100%.

Some industries are also situated in Santej village, near highway. Population of women is 11% less than of men. 890 women per 1000 male.


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3.6 Electricity infrastructure network

3.6.1 Available sources in village (For house, irrigation, industry or other)

UGVCL provides electricity in the Santej, Village.

It also provides supply for irrigation and industry.

There are inadequate street light.

Renewable Energy Source

No renewable energy sources in the village.


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4 Planning Proposal

4.1 Design Selections

In this project I am working in a village on solar theme, so while designing I

have to study about solar components and their various characteristics.

Mainly there are four components are used in any solar project.

1. Solar Panel

2. Battery

3. Inverter

4. Load

1. Solar Panel

Solar Panel refers to a panel designed to absorb the sun's rays as a source of

energy for generating electricity or heating.

A photovoltaic (in short PV) module is a packaged, connected assembly of typically

6×10 solar cells. Solar Photovoltaic panels constitute the solar array of a photovoltaic

system that generates and supplies solar electricity in commercial and residential

applications. Each module is rated by its DC output power under standard test

conditions, and typically ranges from 100 to 365 watts. The efficiency of a module

determines the area of a module given the same rated output – an 8% efficient 230

watt module will have twice the area of a 16% efficient 230 watt module. There are a

few solar panels available that are exceeding 19% efficiency.

A single solar module can produce only a limited amount of power; most installations

contain multiple modules. A photovoltaic system typically includes a panel or an

array of solar modules, a solar inverter, and sometimes a battery and/or solar tracker

and interconnection wiring.


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There are three types of solar modules:

1. Monocrystalline

2. Polycrystalline

3. Thin film

Monocrystalline modules have efficiency about 16-20% whereas Polycrystalline

modules have 12-17% and thin film has 6-12%.

Polycrystalline modules occupy more space than Monocrystalline modules.

2. Battery

Deep-cycle, lead-acid batteries are widely used in renewable energy and grid-

backup system, and are ideally suited for these applications because of their long,

reliable life and low cost of ownership.

Deep cycle refers to the fact that in a solar power system, it is likely that the battery

will become charged during a sunny day, then they may become almost fully

discharged with use, before they are again fully charged.

In stand-alone systems, the power generated by the solar panels is usually used to

charge a lead-acid battery. Other types of battery such as nickel-cadmium batteries

may be used, but the advantages of the lead-acid battery ensure that it is still the

most popular choice. A battery is composed of individual cells; each cell in a lead-acid battery produces a voltage of about 2 Volts DC, so a 12 Volt battery needs 6

cells. The capacity of a battery is measured in Ampere-hours or Amp-hours (Ah).

Days of autonomy is another important aspect while selecting battery. This term

refers to the maximum days for which battery can supply power without being

charged. In India, 3 days are considered as standard days of autonomy.


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3. Inverter

A solar inverter, or PV inverter, or Solar converter, converts the variable direct

current (DC) output of a photovoltaic (PV) solar panel into a utility frequency

alternating current (AC) that can be fed into a commercial electrical grid or used by a

local, off-grid electrical network. It is a critical BOS –component in a photovoltaic

system, allowing the use of ordinary AC-powered equipment. Solar inverters have

special functions adapted for use with photovoltaic arrays, including maximum power

point tracking and anti-islanding protection.

Solar inverters may be classified into three broad types:

Stand-alone inverters, used in isolated systems where the inverter draws its DC

energy from batteries charged by photovoltaic arrays. Many stand-alone inverters

also incorporate integral battery chargers to replenish the battery from an AC source,

when available. Normally these do not interface in any way with the utility grid, and

as such, are not required to have anti-islanding protection.

Grid-tie inverters, which match phase with a utility-supplied sine wave. Grid-tie

inverters are designed to shut down automatically upon loss of utility supply, for

safety reasons. They do not provide backup power during utility outages.

Battery backup inverters, are special inverters which are designed to draw energy

from a battery, manage the battery charge via an onboard charger, and export

excess energy to the utility grid. These inverters are capable of supplying AC energy

to selected loads during a utility outage, and are required to have anti-islanding

protection

Solar inverters use maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to get the maximum

possible power from the PV array.

There is another important part in inverter known as charge controller.

A charge controller may be used to power DC equipment with solar panels. The

charge controller provides a regulated DC output and stores excess energy in a

battery as well as monitoring the battery voltage to prevent under/overcharging.

More expensive units will also perform maximum power point tracking. An inverter

can be connected to the output of a charge controller to drive AC loads.


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4. Load

This type of solar system is by far the most simply. The solar modules are connected

directly to a load which is often a motor. Whenever the sun is up and shining the

motor will work. Unlike electronics a motor can take a variable voltage and current

input without being damaged. A solar powered attic fan is a great example of this

system type.

Another good example is a water pump. With a water pumping system, instead of

storing energy water is stored. For example, if a rancher is pumping water for cows,

the water is stored in a tank and that tank is used when needed to fill troughs for the

animals. With most modern water pumping systems there is another component

typically in the system between the solar array and the pump that controls the output

of the solar array to better optimize the pumps operation.

DC Loads connected to panels may be lamp in solar street light.

4.2 Design Proposals

4.2.1 Primary Energy Audit

(Gram Panchayat, Santej)

Gram Panchayat of Santej village is situated at the center of village. It is one

storeyed building. Its hall has lack of sunlight during day time. Timing of office is 10

AM to 7 PM. In one month it works for 24 days

Billing Detail

TABLE 2

Sr.No.

Particular Average Value

1 Units 510 units

2 Amount Rs.2220/-


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Figure 7

Figure 8

End User

TABLE 3

Equipment kW Usage in hour

1 AC 1.500 6

2 FAN 0.060 10

2 CFL 0.03 10

3 TUBE LIGHT 0.055 10

1 COMPUTER 0.2 2

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

JAN - FEB MAR - APR MAY - JUN JUL -AUG

Energy Consumption

Units 2

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

JAN - FEB MAR - APR MAY - JUN JUL - AUG

Electricty Bill

Bill 2


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Total kWh consumption of one day (when all equipment are in operation i.e.

summer) = 10.85 units (approx. 10 units)

Recommendation

TABLE 4

Sr. No. ENCONSAVING PER

YEAR

1 Replace 55 W Tube lights with 20 W LED lights Rs. 480/-

2

Replace 1.5 ton AC with 0.5 ton AC in manager cabin

and ATM Rs.7780/-

Optimum use of day light can further reduce electricity bill of the bank. Make

arrangements of proper window for sun light during day time.

Approximate Total Saving is Rs.7500/-

During winter and monsoon season bill would reduce more.

4.2.2 Sustainable/ Renewable Energy source Planning

Design Steps for Solar Power PV Module

Requirement

In present scenario, generation of power is quite less than demand. And the differencebetween them is increasing rapidly. So, it‟s advantageous if a provision is there for thebuilding to generate electricity for its own demand. Also, excessive power generated can betransferred to the grid which would help in bridging the gap between generation anddemand. Solar rooftop plan is the best option for economic power generation.


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Benefits of Roof top PV

At national level,

It reduces requirement of land for solar Power.

It reduces need for additional transmission infrastructure

For consumers, it reduces

The dependency on grid power.

Mitigates diesel generator dependency.

Long term reliable power source.

Most suitable for commercial establishments

Max generation during peak usage time. Solar power cost is close to the commercial power cost.

Solar power cost is fixed for 25 years

As per the requirement of electricity in my village I propose a solar roof top plan for thePanchayat building in my village.

Figure 10

PV module Calculations

A single solar module can produce only a limited amount of power; most installations

contain multiple modules. A photovoltaic system typically includes a panel or an

array of solar modules, a solar inverter, and sometimes a battery.

As per our system requirement we select Monocrystalline PV module For Panchayatbuilding.


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Determine power consumption demands

The first step in designing a solar PV system is to find out the total power and energy

consumption of all loads that need to be supplied by the solar PV system as follows:

Table 5

ComponentNumber ofcomponent

rating Working hour

Ceiling fan 3 60W 7

T-12 fluorescenttube light with

electromagneticballast

3 55W 7

Calculate total Watt-hours per day needed from the PV modules

Multiply the total appliances Watt-hours per day times 1.3 (the energy lost in the

system) to get the total Watt-hours per day which must be provided by the panels.

Total power = {(60*7*3) + (55*7*3)} *1.3

= 3.139 KWh

Size of PV modules

Different size of PV modules will produce different amount of power. To find

out the sizing of PV module, the total peak watt produced needs. The peak

watt (Wp) produced depends on size of the PV module and climate of site

location.

We have to consider “panel generation factor” which is different in each site

location. The panel generation factor is 4.2 To determine the sizing of PV

modules, calculation is as follows:

= 3139/4.2

= 747.38 Watt-peak


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Calculate the number of PV panels for the system

Divide the answer obtained in item 2.1 by the rated output Watt-peak of the PV

modules available to you. Increase any fractional part of result to the next highest full

number and that will be the number of PV modules required.

= 747.38/110

= 7 Modules

Inverter Calculation

An inverter is used in the system where AC power output is needed. The input

rating of the inverter should never be lower than the total watt of appliances.

The inverter must have the same nominal voltage as your battery.

For stand-alone systems, the inverter must be large enough to handle the total

amount of Watts you will be using at one time.

Connected Load = 3(55) + 3(60)

= 345 watt

The inverter size should be 25-30% bigger than total Watts of appliances.

Hence inverter size should be 440watt or greater.

Battery Size

The battery type recommended for using in solar PV system is deep cycle battery.

Deep cycle battery is specifically designed for to be discharged to low energy level

and rapid recharged or cycle charged and discharged day after day for years. The

battery should be large enough to store sufficient energy to operate the appliances at

night and cloudy days. To find out the size of battery, calculate as follows:


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Battery Capacity (Ah) = Watt-hours per day used by appliances x Days of autonomy(0.85 x 0.6 x nominal battery voltage)

= 2415 X 3

0.85X0.6X12

=1183.82 Ah

Hence Battery should be rated 12 V,1200 Ah per 3 day autonomy.

Solar charge controller sizing

The solar charge controller is typically rated against Amperage and Voltage

capacities. Select the solar charge controller to match the voltage of PV array and

batteries and then identify which type of solar charge controller is right for your

application. Make sure that solar charge controller has enough capacity to handle

the current from PV array.

PV module specification

Pm = 110Wp

Vm = 12 v DC

Im = 6.6 A

Voc = 20.7 A

Isc = 7.5 A

Solar charge controller rating = (7 strings x 7.5 A) x 1.3 = 68.25 A

So the solar charge controller should be rated 80 A at 12 V or greater.


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5 Recommendation & Suggestions

Implement the design of solar street light for streets of village.

Use LED Street Lights in solar power based design.

Use energy efficient equipment in public building i.e. LED lights, energy efficient

fans, electronic ballast tube lights, lighting voltage regulator etc.

Try to utilise day light in Panchayat Bhavan, school and bank.

Use small solar roof top plant in panchayat Bhavan.

Keep maintenance of electrical equipment i.e. water pump and motor, AC, fan etc.

Do regular energy audit of public building regularly. It will maintain the bill and

implementation of report may reduce bill.

Redesign the Panchayat Bhavan and Bank if possible, so they can use daylight and

save energy during day time.

Use solar power based irrigation system.

Aware public about energy conservation and let them know about difference

between

Less use of energy and energy conservation

Aware about renewable energy sources and its importance in terms of environment.

Though, such kind of plant are costly initially, they are economic in long run and give

pollution free energy.


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6. Conclusion

As per problem observed in rural area preventive and renewable measures

aresuggested. Implementation of improvement will reduce problem in areaand

improve standard of living of village people. This can be resulted inimproving social

and economic effect of rural area on economy of thecountry and it may result

in more efficient use of infrastructure. By caringout the Vishwakarma Yojana project

work,I came to know that if proper planning and guidance is provided youth can

change thecomplete scenario of village.

More use of solar based energy resources in home and small public utility building

can reduce carbon footprint of village as well as reduce electricity cost in long run.

Maximum use of day light in Panchayat Bhavan and bank can reduce electricity bill.

Awareness about energy efficient equipment is important thing in conservation of

energy. Aware village dwellers about solar based power though they are getting 24*7

electricity supply. Because, solar power is the future of electricity and in long time we

will have free energy with one time capital investment and proper maintenance.

Thus, use of renewable energy, energy efficient equipment and proper use of energy

can push Santej village towards “Rurbanization”.


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7. Annexure

Vishwakarma Yojana Report Electrical

Documents

Transcript of Vishwakarma Yojana Report Electrical