Virtual Observatories as the Drivers of Space Science - Robert Rankin, University of Alberta

Virtual Observatories as Drivers of Space Science

Robert Rankin, Dept. of Physics

 CANARIE Network Enabled Platforms (NEP) for Space Science   CSSDP (NEP-‐I)

  Canadian Space Science Data Portal  www.cssdp.ca

  CESWP (NEP-‐II)   Cloud Enabled Space Weather Data Assimilation and Modelling Platform

 www.ceswp.ca

Cybera provides overall project management

CI projects in Space Science…

Project Involvement   Institutions involved in the CSSDP/CESWP projects   CANARIE (Network Enabled Platform)   Cybera (Project Lead)   CSA (CGSM and e-‐POP)   Universities -‐ Alberta, Calgary, Saskatchewan, New Brunswick, Michigan, UCLA, Colorado, Augsburg College, Peking

 Missions – NASA THEMIS, CSA e-‐POP, CSA ORBITALS

Defini7on…  A Virtual Observatory (VO) encompasses all forms of

network tools, databases and websites that are utilized for collaborative research.   From Oct. 2010 NSF will require data management

plans as part of all NSF funding proposals. “This addresses the need for data from publicly-funded

research to be made public” (NSF Deputy Director)

  Technical innovation means increasingly sophisticated instruments are being proposed and deployed   Data volumes are growing exponentially   Future experiments are expected to generate upwards of 1015 Bytes

of data !

  Data management challenges are numerous   Data is stored in different formats across heterogeneous

computer environments   Standards where they exist are still rapidly evolving   Appropriately defined meta-‐data is needed to find and access

relevant “physical” data (e.g., SPASE)   Collaboration is key to making advances in space science

Space Data challenges…

CSSDP is…  A “one-‐stop-‐shop” to discover, gather and visualize relevant data (using CANARIE’s high-‐speed network)

 A gateway to make data available to other researchers  An environment to host common analysis tools  A place to collaborate with research teams  A workflow engine to simplify research tasks  www.cssdp.ca

Metadata…  Metadata

  Description of data sets or other resources   Allows catalogue and search of data   CSSDP follows NASA/SPASE XML standard   Usually generated from data file path/name

 Metadata includes   Date/Time   Project, Instrument, Observatory   Data Stream

  SPASE XML -‐ resource then can be shared over internet

10/25/10 9

The CGSM Array: Monitors Ionospheric Footprint of Space Weather

Canada’s Geospace Monitoring Array (CGSM) a Window into the Magnetosphere

CSSDP Data Sources…

CSSDP

THEMIS

SuperDARN

CHAIN

NORSTAR GAIA?

CANMOS

Data Store

MACCS

CARISMA

NRC F10.7

e-‐POP

SFTP

FTP

FTP

SFTP

?? UNB

UofSask

UCBerkeley

Augsburg College

e-SOC UofC

UofC

UofA

Geological Survey of Canada

VMO

UCLA

Who uses CSSDP?  Data Providers

 Make data available to others to use and study  Researchers

  Discover, view, download and analyse data from multiple sources

 Collaborators   Teams who want to collaborate online in a common, data-‐integrated environment

Researchers  One-‐stop shop to discover and download data from multiple sources

 Data availability reports  Quick-‐looks and online parameterized plots  Annotate data  Automate repetitive tasks – workflows  Access data directly from desktop analytics

  Integration with IDL tools  Web services

Data Providers  Make data available when you want, how you want  Control data access  Track usage  Determine how you want your data presented  Provide quick-‐looks and user-‐defined graphics  On-‐demand plots   Share other analytic tools

Collaborators…  CSSDP features an integrated collaboration environment

 Workspaces -‐ notices, calendars, discussion boards, upload documents, version control

 Public workspaces -‐ project notices, RSS feeds  Private workspaces -‐ sharable, team collaboration  Data integration (planned enhancements)

  Sputnik 1 – October 4 1957 to January 4th 1958   No instruments   Caught everyone by surprise

  The “space race” was on – battle of political ideologies

Where are we going?…

  Sputnik 2 – November 3rd 1957 to April 14th 1958  Many scientific instruments   Carried Laika   Thermal insulation failed; Laika died after a few hours

  Satellite was enormous and easy to track

(the space age)

 Explorer 1 – January 31st 1958 to March 19th 1970   Several science instruments   Discovered the radiation belts (confirmed by Explorer 3)

 Established that micrometeorites were not a threat at LEO: 100km-‐1000km, e.g., Space Shuttle

William Pickering, James Van Allen, and Wernher von Braun

(the space age)

  Yuri Gagarin (1934-‐1968): April 12th 1961 – first human to orbit Earth

  John Glen (1921-‐): February 20th 1962 – first American to orbit Earth (3 times)

 Neil Armstrong (1930-‐): July 21st 1969 – first human to walk on the Moon

(the space age)

  Living With a Star (LWS)   Understanding the effects of the

Sun on Earth and the solar system   The Sun is coupled to planetary

systems and space through: -‐  Radiation -‐  Charged particles -‐  Electric and Magnetic Fields

  The Plasma Universe   99 % of visible matter in the

universe is in plasma state

  Plasma: an ionized gas of equal densities of ions and electrons

Living With a Star…

Living With a Star…

  Solar-‐Wind-‐Magnetosphere-‐Ionosphere-‐Coupling drives ‘Space Weather’

  SW affects space and ground based assets in numerous ways

Who Cares?…

  Geostationary satellites are affected by Space Weather   Surface charging by keV electrons

  Internal charging by relativistic “killer” electrons >2MeV energy

  Solar flare protons cause phantom commands

Satellite damage…

Old View: STATIC New View: DYNAMIC

Radia7on Belt Storm Probes... RBSP– 2 spacecraI to understand rela7vis7c par7cle accelera7on, transport, and loss. Implemented as the 2nd mission in Living with a Star.

Launch 2012 Perigee: ~700 km altitude Apogee ~5.5 Re geocentric altitude Inclination ~10 degrees Sun pointing, spin stabilized Duration 2 years (expendables 4 years)

UofA ORBITALS Satellite...

Canada’s contribution to LWS and NASA’s RBSP Mission

•  Planned launch 2011-‐12. Examine wave-‐par7cle interac7ons in Van Allen Radia7on Belts (cf. NASA RBSP)

•  Partnered with NASA “MORE”; will contribute spacecraI instruments

•  12 hour orbit with very long-‐las7ng CGSM-‐ground-‐ and GEO conjunc7ons.

CESWP is…  An environment to share, run and collaborate on simulation and analysis work   Involves the creation of a Compute Cloud that spans Canada and several countries

  Involves moving computer models into the cloud, and making them available

  Not intended to replace entities such as WestGrid   www.ceswp.ca

Integra7on of data and models...

Simulations using the Space Weather Modeling Framework – SWMF

Polar satellite observations of the Auroral Oval in UVI – the poleward boundary is called the OCFLB

Combining models & observa7ons...

CSSDP does the rest...  CSSDP nightly processes will automatically run and catalogue your data (consume SPASE metadata)

 As new data appears on your site   CSSDP will automatically generate new SPASE XML metadata and register it

 New data streams can be added any time

MISSION SCIENCE GOALS: Primary:

“How do substorms operate?”

–  One of the oldest and most important ques7ons in Geoscience –  A turning point in our understanding of the dynamic magnetosphere First bonus science:

“What accelerates storm-‐Lme ‘killer’ electrons?”

–  A significant contribu7on to space weather science Second bonus science:

“What controls efficiency of solar wind – magnetosphere coupling?” –  Provides global context of Solar Wind – Magnetosphere interac7on

RESOLVING THE PHYSICS OF ONSET AND EVOLUTION OF SUBSTORMS

FIVE PROBES LINE UP TO TIME ONSET AND TRACK ENERGY FLOW IN THE TAIL

NASA THEMIS…

NASA THEMIS…

Infrastructure as a Service?…

Virtual Observatories as the Drivers of Space Science - Robert Rankin, University of Alberta

Technology

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