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Virtualizing the Datacenter
Without Compromising Server Performance
Virtual Machine CourseRofideh Hadighi
University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran,[email protected]
31 Dec 2009
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Virtualizing the datacenter.
Good things about server virtualization.
Bad things about server virtualization.
Virtualizing while safeguarding
performance.
Future perspectives.
Outline
2Virtualizing the Datacenter Without Compromising Server Performance
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At MIT in the early 1960s.
Drawing of the Internet: Hiding many servers.
Connections.
User can receive a service.
Without ever knowing: which machine (or machines) rendered the service.
where it was located.
Cloud computing
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A data center or datacenter or datacentre or
server farm:
Computer systems:
Telecommunications, storage systems.
Backup power supplies.
Environmental controls:
Air conditioning, fire suppression.
Security devices.
Datacenter
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To solve cloud computing bottleneck.
Increasing physical servers’ processing and
computing powers.
New breed of multi-core and multi-bit
processors.
Unprecedented amounts of memory and disk
space.
Why virtualizing the datacenter?
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Underutilized resources of physical servers in
most datacenters.
◦ Inefficient power consumption.
◦ Excessive Total Cost of Ownership (TCO).
Scaling up organization`s IT infrastructure to
accommodate for more:
◦ Applications, workloads, users.
Why virtualizing the datacenter? (Cont`d)
6Virtualizing the Datacenter Without Compromising Server Performance
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Basic concept of server virtualization
Virtualizing the Datacenter Without Compromising Server Performance 7
Figure1. Illustrating the basic concept of server virtualization.[1]
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With virtual machine (VM):
◦Partitioning technique to run multiple
and isolated virtual servers.
◦optimizing hardware usage.
Datacenter virtualization
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By assigning each core one or more VMs.physical separation of multiple VMs .
Each virtual server running a guest OS.
Guest OS presented with its virtual hardware.
VMs and shared resources are managed by
hypervisor(VMM).
How to virtualization?
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Basic concept of server virtualization
Figure2.[1]
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Enhanced hardware utilization:◦Consolidating underutilized servers into a
fewer consolidated resources. Agile provisioning and deployment:
◦Encapsulated files reside on the host machine.
◦readily cloned and reused.◦New virtual server on an existing physical
machine.◦No additional hardware, software.
Good things about server virtualization
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Lower total cost of ownership(TCO)◦Through consolidation. (1)deferred purchase of new servers. (2)lower maintenance costs. (3)increase performance per watt. (4)lower power, cooling and cabling
requirements. (5)lower disaster recovery costs.
Good things about server virtualization(Cont`d)
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Enhanced availability :•With isolation
No effect on host with the crash of guest.•Unaware of the underlying hardware.
Easy transfer from one physical server to another.
Easy perform backup and disaster recovery.Taking a snapshot (virtual image).
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Good things about Server Virtualization(Cont`d)
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Performance degradation:◦CPU Usage, and network performance.◦Storage performance.◦Memory performance.◦I/O bottleneck.
Scalability constraints Security vulnerabilities
The bad things about server virtualization
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1. Selective Virtualization.2. Direct assignment of physical NICs to
VMs.3. Consolidating resources in a shared
resource pool.4. Management tools for virtual
environments5. Advances in processor and memory
technologies.
Virtualizing while safeguarding performance
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I/O bottlenecks on hypervisor layer.
Safe to keep away from virtualization:
Latency-sensitive application (such as ERP
systems).
Application which exhibit peak utilization.
Selective virtualization
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Address the I/O bottleneck:◦Dedicate separate physical NICs to VMs.◦Each VM allowed to exchange data with a
dedicated physical NIC. VMM is excluded from the I/O data path. Direct memory access (DMA):
◦Maps system memory access to the target VM.
Direct assignment of physical NICs to VMs
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Direct assignment of physical NICs to VMs(Cont`d)
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Figure3. Dedicating separate NICs to VMs.[1]
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Allocate virtual machines to a resource pool.
Figure4.Multiple VMs sharing a common resource pool.[1]
Consolidating resources in a shared resource pool
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Pool offers :
◦Processor, memory, disk, networking
resources.
Distributed resource scheduler (DSR):
◦Dynamically balance VM workloads.
Free-up resources.
Light workload into a fewer number
of physical severs.
◦ Requesting additional resources.
Consolidating resources in a shared resource pool(Cont`d)
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Intelligent management tools:◦Assist in optimizing: Allocation of physical and virtual
resources to individual VMs.◦Dynamic load balancing tools.
Core system components:◦CPU, memory and hard disks. Self utilization monitoring and
management. Changing workload conditions.
Management tools for virtual environments
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Virtual server management strategy:◦Monitor the health of the virtual servers.◦ predict their failures.◦Generate alerts.
Assessing beforehand:◦Capacity planning.◦Modeling.◦Simulation.
Management tools for virtual environments(Cont`d)
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Capacity tools:◦Assist in minimizing:
Management Tools:◦VKernel ◦Veeam FastSCP◦Akorri's BalancePoint◦Embotics V-Commande◦VReolicator , VFoglight◦PRTS Network Monitor
Management tools for virtual environments(Cont`d)
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Performance 23
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New breed of cpu, good for bottlenecks:◦Low-power.◦Multi-core processors.
Advances in core micro-architectures:◦more instructions per clock cycle, ◦Increasing throughput.
Advances in processor and memory technologies
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Support virtualization in many ways:(1)Accelerate communication between the
hypervisor and the VMs. (2) Better support I/O virtualization. (3) Better support to handle VM
interrupts. Advances memory access and caching
mechanisms:◦Reducing memory access latency.
25Virtualizing the Datacenter Without Compromising Server Performance
Advances in processor and memory technologies(Cont`d)
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Enterprises consider virtualization technology:◦Reduce TCO.◦Recent economic downturn.
Further reduce:◦Open source virtualization solutions.
More partnerships and collaborations:◦Between server virtualization players and
processor manufacturers.
Future perspectives
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Small and medium size business (SMB):◦Entail building.◦Acquiring the appropriate expertise.
Vanish extra layer of hypervisor software:◦Hardware-based access mechanisms. ◦Address the prevailing overhead issue.◦migration from software-based towards
hardware-based in hypervisor.
27Virtualizing the Datacenter Without Compromising Server Performance
Future perspectives(Cont`d)
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[1] F. Kamoun, “Virtualization the Datacenter without Compromising Server Performance”, ACM Ubiquity Magazine, Vol.2009, Issue9, New York, NY, USA.
Refrences
28Virtualizing the Datacenter Without Compromising Server Performance