VirginiaWastewaterTreatmentExaminationFormulaSheet

1.Circumference,Area,Volume

a.Circumference C=3.1416Diameter

b.Perimeter P=[2Length]+[2Width]

c.Area

Rectangle Area=LengthWidth

Circle Area=0.785DiameterDiameter

Triangle Area=BaseHeight

d.Volume

Rectangle Volume=LengthWidthDepth

Cylinder Volume=0.785DiameterDiameterDepth

Cone Volume=0.262DiameterDiameterHeight

Sphere Volume=0.524DiameterDiameterDiameter

2.ConversionFactors

a.fttogallons Volume,Gallons=Volume,ft37.48gallons/ft3

b.Gallonstopounds Pounds=Gallons8.34lbs/gallon

c.mg/Ltopounds Pounds=Concentration,mg/LTAnkVolume,MG8.34lbs/MG/mg/L

d.mg/Ltopounds/day Pounds/Day=Concentration,mg/LFlow,MGD8.34lbs/MG/mg/L

e.mg/Ltokilograms/day Kilograms/Day=Conc.,mg/LFlow,MGD3.785lbs/MG/mg/L

f.mg/Kgtopounds/ton Pounds/Ton=Concentration,mg/KG0.002lbs/ton/mg/KG

g.Poundstomg/L

h.Pounds/Daytomg/L

i.Pounds/DaytoMGD

3.Flow

a.MGDtoGPD Flow,GPD=Flow,MGD1,000,000gallons/MG

b.MGDtoGPM

c.MGDtoCFS Flow,cfs=Flow,MGD1.55cfs/MGD

4.ChemicalWeight

UsingSpecificGravity Weight/lbs/gallon=Specificgravity8.34lbs/gallon

5.PopulationEquivalent

6.PercenttoDecimalPercent

7.PercentRemoval(Wastewater)

a.BasedonConcentration

b.BasedonQuantity(lbs,lbs/day,KGorKG/day)

8.HydraulicDetentionTime

a.HDT,Minutes

b.HDT,Hours

c.HDT,Days

9.FlowMeasurement

a.Flow,(FillandDraw),GPM

b.Flow(Velocity),cfs Flow(Q),cfs=ChannelWidth,ftWaterDepth,ftVelocity,fps

10.GritRemoval

a.Velocity(floatmethod)

b.Velocity

c.SettlingTime*

d.RequiredChannelLength*

*Thesettlingvelocitymustbegivenordeterminedexperimentally.

11.Settling

a.WeirOverflowRate

b.SurfaceLoadingRate

c.SolidsLoadingRate

12.Ponds

a.AreainAcres

b.VolumeinAcreFeet

c.FlowinAcreFeet/Day Flow,AcreFeet/Day=Flow,MGD3.069AcreFeet/MG

d.Flow,AcreInches/Day Flow,AcreInches/Day=Flow,MGD36.8AcreInches/MG

e.HydraulicDetentionTime,Days

f.HydraulicLoading

g.OrganicLoading

h.PopulationLoading

13.TricklingFilter

a.TotalFlow(givenflows) TotalFlow,MGD=InfluentFlow,MGD+RecirculationFlow,MGD

b.TotalFlow(givenratio) TotalFlow,MGD=InfluentFlow,MGD(1.0+RecirculationRate)

c.HydraulicLoading

TotalFlowalwaysincludesrecirculatedflow.

d.OrganicLoading

Organicloadingdoesnotincluderecirculatedflows.

14.RotatingBiologicalContactors

a.SolubleBOD SBOD,mg/L=TotalBOD5,mg/L('K'FactorInfluentTSSmg/L)

b.TotalMedia

c.HydraulicLoading

d.SolubleOrganicLoading

e.TotalOrganicLoading

15.ActivatedSludge

a.SettledSludgeVolume

b.SettledSludgeVolume

c.ReturnRate(BySSV)

d.ReturnRate(BySVI)

e.ReturnRate(ClarifierMassBalance)

f.ClarifierSolids(CoreSample)

SolidsC,lbs=CoreSampleTSS,mg/LVolumeCMG8.34lbs/mg/L/MG

g.ClarifierSolids(MLSS)

SolidsC=MLSS,mg/LVolumeC,MG8.34lbs/mg/L/MG

h.ClarifierSolids(MLSSandRASSS)

C=ClarifierorSettlingTank

MLSS=MixedLiquorSuspendedSolidsinmilligrams/LiterRASSS=ReturnActivatedSludgeSuspendedSolidsinmilligrams/Liter

i.SludgeVolumeIndex

j.F:MRatio

k.DesiredMLVSS,(lbs)

l.DesiredMLVSS(mg/L)

m.WasteVolatileSolids(BasedonF:M)

Waste,lbs=ActualMLVSS,lbsRequiredMLVSS,lbs

n.WasteRate,MGD(BasedonF:M)

o.MCRT,Days

p.WasteSolids,lbs/day(BasedonMCRT)

q.WasteRate,MGD(BasedonMCRT)

r.WasteRate,GPM

16.ChemicalAddition

a.Demand Demand,mg/L=Dose,mg/LResidual,mg/L

b.Dose,mg/L

c.RequiredChemical(FeedRate,lbs/day)

d.FeedRate,gpd

e.FeedRate,gpm

f.FeedRate,mL/minute

g.SupplyRequired

h.SupplyonHand

i.Increases,(price,usage,orforsafety)

Increase=CurrentAmount[1.0+%(decimal)Increase]

j.ChemicalCost

k.ChemicalMakeup(drychemical)

l.ChemicalMakeup(solution)

m.ActiveIngredient

ChemicalUsedActiveIngredient=ChemicalUsed,lbs%ActiveIngredient

17.SolidsPumping

a.EstimatedPumpRate(gallons/minute)

b.GallonpumpedGPD GPD=PumpRate,gpmCycles,Cycles/dayCycleTime,minutes/cycle

c.SolidsPumpedlbs/day Solids,lbs/day=SolidsVolume,gpd8.34lbs/gal%(decimal)Solids

d.VolatileSolidsPumped,lbs/day

VolatileSolids,lbs/day=SolidsVolume,gpd8.34lbs/gal%Solids%VolatileMatter

*All%valuesmustbeindecimalform.

18.Thickening

a.SolidsLoadingRate(SLR)lbs/day/ft2

b.SolidsLoadingRate(SLR)lbs/hour/ft2

c.SolidsVolumeRatio(SVR)

d.HydraulicLoading

e.Air:SolidsRatio

f.ConcentrationFactor

19.AerobicDigestion

a.VolatileSolidsLoadinglbs/day/ft3

b.DigestionTime(basedonflow)

c.DigestionTime(basedonsolids)

d.ChemicalRequirement

e.VolatileMatterReduction

20.AnaerobicDigestion

a.SeedVolume Seed,gallons=DigesterVolume,gallonsDesired%SeedVolume

b.VolatileSolidsLoading

c.VolatileAcids/AlkalinityRatio

d.ChemicalRequirement

e.VolatileMatterReduction

f.GasProductionft3/Day

Gas,ft3=VolatileSolidsIn,lbs/day%V.M.ReductionRate,ft3/lbV.M.Destroyed

21.LandApplication

a.SolidsProduction(drytons/year)

b.SolidsProduction(wettons/year)

c.PlantAvailableNitrogen(PAN)(lbs/dryton)

[(OrganicN,mg/kgf1)+(AmmoniaN,mg/kgV1)]0.002

f1=MineralizationRate(assume0.20)V1=VolatilizationRateInjectedSludge=1.0IncorporatedWithin24hours=0.85IncorporatedWithin7days=0.70

d.ApplicationRate(nitrogenbasis)

e.MetalsLoadinglbs/acre

Loading,lbs/Acre=Concentration,mg/kgApplicationRate,D.T./acre0.002mg/kg/dryton

f.AllowableApplications(MetalsBasis)

g.SiteLIfe(metalbasis)

22.Pumping

a.HeadtoPressure

b.TotalDynamicHead TDH,ft=StaticHead,ft+FrictionHead,ft+VelocityHead,ft

c.WaterHorsepower

d.BrakeHorsepower

e.MotorHorsepower

23.ElectricalEnergy

a.Hptokilowatts(kW) Kilowatts=Horsepower0.746Kw/hp

b.kWtokilowatthrs KilowattHour=KilowattsUsedHoursOperated

c.PowerCost Cost=KilowatthoursusedCost/Kilowatt

24.Sampling

a.CompositeSampleVolume,mL

T=SampleCollectionTime

b.ProportioningFactor(PF)

c.SampleVolume(UsingPF)

SampleVolume,mL=FlowTPF

T=Timesampleiscollected

25.Alkalinity

Conventional

A=VolumeofStandardAcidUsedN=NormalityofStandardAcid

LowLevel

B=VolumeofStandardAcidUsedtoreachpH4.34.5C=TotalVolumeofStandardAcidfortitrationN=NormalityofStandardAcid

26.Hardness

a.EDTAStandardization

b.Hardness,mg/LCalciumCarbonate A=EDTAusedinTitration,mL

B=EDTACaCO3Equivalence,mL/mL

27.AmmoniaNitrogen

a.Nesslerization

A=MicrogramsofNfromcalibrationcurveB=VolumeofdistillatecollectedC=VolumeofdistillateusedfornesslerizationSampleVolume=Originalsamplevolumeplacedindistillationflask

b.Titration

A=VolumeoftitrantusedforsampleB=VolumeoftitrantusedforblankSampleVolume=Volumeofsampleusedfortitration

28.BiochemicalOxygenDemand

a.UnseededSamples

b.SeedCorrectionFactor

c.SeededSamples

29.ChemicalOxygenDemand

a.FASStandardization(OpenReflux)

b.FASStandardization(ClosedReflux)

c.COD

A=FASUsedforBlank,mLB=FASUsedforSample,mLC=FASMolarity

30.TotalResidualChlorine

a.IodometricDirectTitration

b.IodometricBackTitration(NoIodinecorrection)

c.IodineCorrection

d.IodometricBackTitration(WithIodinecorrection)

e.IodometricBackTitrationIodateTitrant

31.DissolvedOxygen

WinklerTitration

IfN=0.0250&SampleVolume=200mLthen:TitrantUsed=D.O.,mg/L

32.FecalColiform

a.MultipleTube

b.MembraneFiltration

33.NitrateNitrogen

a.BrucineSulfate

b.CadmiumReduction

34.NitriteNitrogen

DiazotizationDilutedSample

C=NO2NConcentration,mg/LV=Totalvolumeafterdilution,mLS=SampleVolumeindilution,mL

35.Phosphorous

Phosphorous

36.TotalSuspendedSolids

TSS,mg/L

37.TotalKjeldahlNitrogen

a.Nesslerization

A=MicrogramsofNfromcalibrationcurveB=VolumeofdistillatecollectedC=VolumeofdistillateusedfornesslerizationSampleVolume=Originalsamplevolumeplacedindistillationflask

b.Titration

A=VolumeoftitrantusedforsampleB=VolumeoftitrantusedforblankSampleVolume=Volumeofsampleusedfortitration

38.TotalVolatileSuspendedSolids

TVSS,mg/L

A=WeightofDriedSolids&SupportC=WeightofAsh&Support

39.Residual(Sludge)SolidsTests

a.%Solids

b.%VolatileMatter

c.%Moisture

40.VPDESReporting

a.AverageMonthlyConcentration

b.AverageWeeklyConcentration

c.AverageDailyConcentration

d.AverageHourly

Concentration

e.DailyQuantity

DailyQuantity,KG/Day=Conc.,mg/LFlow,MGD3.785lbs/MG/mg/L

Conc.=IndividualTestResultinmg/LFlow=FlowondaysamplewascollectedinMGD

f.AverageMonthlyQuantity

g.AverageWeeklyQuantity

h.GeometricMean(Xy)

i.GeometricMean(log)