Advanced Automotive ResearchReginald V iray

Research Assoc iate – Electr ica l Engineer

r v i ray@vtt i .v t .edu

Presentation Outline◦VTTI Overview◦VTTI Capabilities◦VTTI Projects◦Connected Vehicle Systems

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VTTI Overview#1 in federal grants and contracts

#1 in private sector contracts

Largest group of driving safety researchers in the world

Over 400 employees

12 Research Centers Including:Advanced Automotive Research

Automated Vehicle SystemsData Reduction and Analysis Support

Sustainable Mobility

Technology DevelopmentTruck and Bus Safety

Motorcycle Research Group

VTTI Capabilities

• System Performance•Human Factors•Human-System

Integration

Experimental Design

•Multi-Disciplinary Engineering

•Vehicle Instrumentation•Data Acquisition

Technology Development •Extract, Transform, Load

•Data Warehousing•High-Performance

Computational Resources •Real-Time Analysis

Information Technology

•Data Analysis•Data Mining•Data Reduction•Algorithm Development

Focused Research

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Smart Road◦ Officially opened in 2000 in co-

sponsorship with VDOT◦ Closed 2.2-mile Test Bed◦ Over 20,000 hours of

groundbreaking research◦ Advanced Communication & Control

Systems◦ Differential GPS Base Station◦ Inclement Weather Testing (Snow,

Fog, Rain)◦ Variable lighting configurations◦ Signalized Intersection

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Research Vehicles◦ Available for research projects◦ Instrumented with Data Acquisition

Systems (DAS)◦ Diverse vehicle fleet:

◦ Sedans◦ SUVs◦ Motorcycles◦ Semi-Truck◦ Motorcoach

◦ Unique capabilities:◦ Wireless Communications◦ Automation

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Technology Development◦ Multi-disciplinary engineering

center that create solutions to the ever-changing requirements of VTTI research centers and sponsors

◦ Specializes in developing, manufacturing, implementing, and maintaining innovative systems for transportation research

Data Acquisition SystemsVTTI develops state-of-the-art, data acquisition systems (DAS) that can discretely collect real-world vehicle kinematics and driver behaviors through integration of:◦ Vehicle CAN◦ RADAR◦ GPS◦ IMU◦ Multiple Camera Views

Customizable for projects on virtually any vehicle◦ Heavy Vehicles◦ Light Vehicles◦ Motorcycles◦ Bicycles

Information TechnologyMultiple Data Transfer Mechanisms

Petabyte Scale Scientific Data Warehouse

High Performance Computational Clusters

Web Enabled Data Reporting Applications

In-house Developers

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Human performance contributes to more than 90% of crashes◦A subset of factors creates the majority of the crash risk

◦ Impairment (primarily alcohol)◦ Inattention and distraction◦ Drowsiness ◦ Judgment-related error

◦Current methods of studying driver performance/behavior and their safety impacts have limitations

◦ Detailed pre-crash information is not available from crash databases

Naturalistic Driving Studies• VTTI is the pioneer in

naturalistic driving studies

• Housing more than 40 million miles (>2 PB) of continuous naturalistic data (video, audio, and kinematic data)

Naturalistic Driving Studies100-Car Study technical reports have been cited more than 1,200 times

Second Strategic Highway Research Program Naturalistic Driving Study (SHRP 2 NDS)

◦ The largest NDS ever conducted◦ Three-year data collection period◦ More than 3,100 participants, aged 16 to 98, in

NY, FL, WA, NC, IN, and PA◦ More than 3,300 vehicles◦ More than 700 crashes identified to date

(analyses are ongoing)◦ More than 5,000 near-crashes

System Performance Studies• Algorithm

Development

• Algorithm Assessment

• Driver Acceptance

Connected Vehicle Systems◦ We believe connected vehicles can answer

the following goals:◦ Improve safety

◦ State of good repair

◦ Economic competitiveness

◦ Livable communities

◦ Environmental sustainability

◦ Key activities that will enable widespread deployment need robust research

◦ USDOT Regional Deployment RFI◦ NHTSA ANPRM of vehicle-to-vehicle

communications◦ GM deployment announcement plans◦ FCC activities relating to the DSRC spectrum

This image first appeared on the cover of ITS International magazine, March/April 2014.

Bi-Directional Wireless Communications between Vehicles and Infrastructure

◦ Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V): Bi-directional information sharing between vehicles

◦ Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I): Bi-directional information sharing between a vehicle and the roadway

Wireless communication channels used

◦ Cellular for most information that is not time critical

◦ Dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) for low-latency, robust, secure information

Connected Vehicle Systems• DSRC SAE J2735

Standard• 5.9 GHz Band – 75MHz

Bandwidth• ~300m Range• Basic Safety Messages

are transmitted at 10Hz• Basic Safety Message

Data Elements Include:• Latitude• Longitude• Elevation• Speed• Heading• Steering Wheel Angle

Two complimentary locations:◦ New River Valley:

◦ Smart Road: Comprehensive instrumentation for experimental procedures in testing and developing research

◦ Northern Virginia:◦ Fairfax County: I-66 and the parallel routes of 29 and 50 for real-world testing and

development

Strategic Partnership

• Virginia Tech Transportation Institute

• Virginia Department of Transportation

• Industry Partners

Applications span myriad areas; for example: ◦ Advanced Traveler Information System◦ Signal Priority ◦ Emergency Vehicle Preemption◦ Queue Warning◦ Incident Scene and Work Zone Alerts ◦ Probe-enabled Traffic Monitoring◦ Dynamic Transit Operations◦ Road Weather◦ V2V Imminent Safety

The Virginia Team continues to prioritize, develop, and deploy applications

Research SponsorsIncludes research sponsored by both government and vehicle manufacturer entities.

Questions?rviray@vtti.vt.edu