Vinnytsia National Pirogov Memorial Medical...
Transcript of Vinnytsia National Pirogov Memorial Medical...
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Vinnytsia National Pirogov Memorial Medical University
Biological and General Chemistry Department
Medical chemistry course
CHEMISTRY DICTIONARY
Vinnytsia 2017
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A work sheet and methodical developments (Мethodical of recommendation for practical classes
from Bioorganic chemistry for 1-st year foreign students) are made by the employees of department of
biological and general chemistry of VNMMU Pirogov in accordance with a curriculum, worked out on
principles of the European credit-transfer system (ЕСТS) for higher medical establishments of Ukraine III
- IV levels of accreditation for specialities of “Medical Affairs” direction of the preparation “Medicine” is
in accordance with education qualification descriptions (EQD) and scientific profesional programs (SPP)
of the preparation of specialists, approved by an order MES Ukraine from 16.04.03 № 239.
It is considered and accepted on а meeting of the methodical soviet of medical-theoretical disciplines,
protocol № 1 from 30.08.2017у.
It is discussed and approved on a meeting of the department of biological and general chemistry,
protocol № 1 from 28.08.2017у.
Authors:
doc. Chervyak М.М.
doc. Smirnova О.V.
doc. Melnik А.V.
as. Shunkov V.S.
Reviewer:
Mikhailova I.V. — Candidate of chemical science, assistant professor
Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry VNMMU Pirogov
Marchak T.V. — Candidate of chemical science, assistant professor
Department of Physiological Agriculture and Live Stock Breeding and Chemistry VNAU
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CHEMISTRY DICTIONARY
Alkanes Radicals
Name Formula Name Formula
Methane Methyl Ethane Ethyl
Propane
Propyl
Isopropyl
Butane
Butyl
Secondary
butyl
Isobutane
(2 – Methyl –
propane)
Isobutyl
Tertiary butyl
Pentane
Pentyl
Secondary
pentyl
Isopentane
(2 – Methylbutane)
Isopentyl
Tertiarypentyl
2,2 – dimethyl –
propane
Halogenoalkanes
Chloromethane
Trichloromethane (chloroform)
Carbon tetrachloride
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Triiodide (iodoform)
Chloroethane
Chloropropane
2 – Chloropropane
Chlorobutane
2 – Chlorobutane
Alkenes
Ethene
Propene
Butene –1
Butene – 2
Pentene – 1
Pentene – 2
Arenes
(Benzene and its derivatives)
Benzene
Phenyl
Toluene
Benzyl
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Xylene:
o – xylene
(o – dimethylbenzene)
m – xylene
(m – dimethylbenzene)
p – xylene
(p – dimethylbenzene)
Ethylbenzene
Іsopropylbenzene (cumene)
Sterol (vinyl benzene)
Benzyl alcohol
Benzaldehyde
Benzoic acid
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Paraoxybenzoic acid
Para–aminobenzoic acid
Aniline (aminobenzene)
Para–Methylaniline
Benzylamine
Salicylic acid
Acetylsalicylic acid
Phenol
Ortho–dioxybenzene (pirokatekhin )
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Meta–dioxybenzene (resorcin)
Para–dioxybenzene (hydroquinone)
Cresol:
ortho – cresol
(ortho – methylphenol)
meta – cresol
(meta – methylphenol)
para – cresol
(para – methylphenol )
Para – nitrophenol
Alcohols (R–О– alkoxy group)
Methanol Methoxy Ethanol
Ethoxy
Propanol
Isopropanol
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Butanol
Secondary butanol
Isobutanol
Tributanol
Cyclohexanol
Vinyl alcohol
Polyatomic alcohols
Ethylene glycol (ethandiol)
Glycerol (propantriol)
Xylitol
Sorbitol
Ester (ethers)
Dimethyl ether
Diethyl ether
(medical ether)
Phenyl ethyl ether
Amines
Metylamine
Ethylamine
Propylamine
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Іsоpropylamine
(2 – аminоpropane)
Butylamine
Secondary – butylamine
Primary amine (metylamine)
Secondary –amine (dimetylamine)
Tertiary amine (trimetylamine)
Quaternary basis
Biogenic amines
Calamine (ethanolamine)
Histamine
Tryptamine
Serotonin
Norepinephrine
Adrenaline
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Choline
Acetylcholine
Putrescine
Cadaverine
Thiols (mercaptans)
Methanethiol (mercaptomethane)
Еthanethiol
Propanethiol
Іsopropanethiol
Dimethyl sulfide
Thiophenol
Aldehydes
Methanal (formaldehyde, formic)
Ethanal (acetaldehyde, acetic)
Trichloracetic aldehyde
Propanal (propionic)
Butanal (oil)
Ketones
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Acetone (dimethylketone)
Methylethylketone
Phenylethylketone (propiophenone)
Carbonic acid
Formate (methanoic, formic)
Acetate (ethanoic, acetic)
Propionate (propanoic)
Butyrate (butanoic, oil)
Dicarboxylic acids
Oxalate (sorrel)
Malonate (malonic)
Succinate (amber, butanedioic acid)
Glucarate (glutaric)
Oxyacids
Lactate (milk,
2 – oxypropane)
β – Oxybutyrate
(β – hydroxybutyric,
3 – oxobutanoate)
Malate
(apple, 2 – oxybutanedioic)
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Citrate (lemon acid)
Tartare (wine acid)
Oxoacids
Pyruvate (PA, pyruvic, 2 – oxopropane)
Acetoacetate (3 – oxobutanoate)
Oxaloacetate (2 – oxobutandioic)
α – Ketoglutarate
(α – ketoglutaric,
2 – oxopentadioic)
Unsaturated carboxylic acid
Acrylate
(acrylic, 2 – propenoic)
Crotonic (2 – butenoic)
Anhydrides
Formic
Acetic
Halogenanhydrides
Methyl chloride
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Acetyl chloride
Benzoyl chloride
Amides, nitriles
Acetamide
Benzamide
Acetonitrile
Benzоnitrile
Esther
Methyl formate (methyl methanoate)
Ethyl formate
Methyl acetate
Ethyl acetate
Methyl benzoate
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Lipids
Higher fatty acids
Palmitic
C15H31COOH
Stearic
С17H35COOH
Oleic
C17H33COOH
Linoleic
C17H31COOH
Linolenic
C17H29COOH
Arachidonic
C19H31COOH
Oleic
C17H33COOH
Triacylglycerides
(tristearine)
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Phosphatidic acid
Phosphoglyceride
(phosphatidylcholine)
Amino acids
Monoaminomonocarboxylic acid
Glycine (Gly)
Alanine (Ala)
Valine* (Val)
Leucine* (Leu)
Isoleucine* (ile)
Monoaminodicarboxylic acid
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Aspartic (Asp)
(aspartate)
Glutamic acid (Glu)
Asparagine (Asn)
Glutamine (Gln)
Diaminomonocarboxylic acid
Lysine*(Lys)
Arginine (Arg)
Oxyamino acid
Serine*(Ser)
Threonine (Thr)
Sulfur-containing amino acids
Cysteine (Cys)
Methionine*(Met)
Aromatic amino acids
Phenylalanine*(Phe)
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Tyrosine (Tyr)
Heterocyclic amino acids
Tryptophan*(Trp)
Histidine (His)
Proline (Pro)
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Glucose
Galactose
Mannose
Fructose
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Ribose
Deoxyribose
Xylose
Glucose - 6 phosphate
Glucosamine
Disaccharides
Sucrose
Lactose
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Maltose
Cellobiose
Nitrogenous base
Pyrimidine line
Uracil
Thymine
Cytosine
Purine line
Adenine
Guanine