Village-Dantoi, District- Chamba, Tehsil-Chaurah Himachal ... · Installation of Material Ropeways...

FEBRUARY 2015

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

FOR

INSTALLATION OF MATERIAL ROPEWAYS 5 NOS.

ALONG WITH 1 NO. OF LONGITUDINAL ROPEWAY FOR

THE CONSTRUCTION OF DEOTHAL CHANJU 30 MW

HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT

at Village-Dantoi, District- Chamba, Tehsil-Chaurah

Himachal Pradesh

(Reference TOR vide letter no. F. No. 10-24/2017-IA.III dated 17-08-2017)

Category- ‘A’-7(g) Cost of Project- Rs. 62.89 Crores Highest Elevation: 2810 MSL

Being Developed by: M/s Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited Himfed Building, BCS, New Shimla, Himachal Pradesh- 171009

Prepared By: M/S PERFACT ENVIRO SOLUTIONS PVT. LTD. NABET Registered of accredited Consultants organization/Rev 64/5th April 2018 at S.No.-112) An ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015 &OSHAS 18001:2007 certified organisation 5th Floor, NN Mall, Mangalam Place Sector 3, Rohini, New Delhi Email: [email protected]; Phone: 011- 49281360

mailto:[email protected]

Prepared by- Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt. Ltd. 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ENCLOSURE 1: ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT ............................................... 7

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 8

1.1 General Information ............................................................................................................................ 8

1.2 PROJECT ............................................................................................................................................... 8

1.3 Type of Project ..................................................................................................................................... 9

1.4 Land Description .................................................................................................................................. 9

1.5 About Project Proponent ................................................................................................................... 11

1.6 Environmental Consultants Involved In the Project ........................................................................... 12

1.7 Environmental Legislations Applicable To the Project ....................................................................... 13

1.8 General Structure of Environmental Impact Assessment Document For Aerial Ropeway................. 16

1.9 Purpose of Study ................................................................................................................................ 16

1.10 Methodology ................................................................................................................................... 17

CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................. 18

2.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT ........................................................................................................ 18

2.2 Location Details ................................................................................................................................. 21

2.3 Site Photos ......................................................................................................................................... 24

2.4 Approach to site ................................................................................................................................ 26

2.5 Environment Sensitivity at Site .......................................................................................................... 26

2.6 Infrastructure near Site ..................................................................................................................... 29

2.7 Land Use at Site ................................................................................................................................. 29

2.8 Technical Description ......................................................................................................................... 30

2.9 Population Calculation & Manpower Requirement: .......................................................................... 35

2.10 Water& Wastewater Quantity ........................................................................................................ 35

2.11 Power Consumption ........................................................................................................................ 36

2.12 Solid and Hazardous Waste Management ...................................................................................... 36

2.13 Air Management ............................................................................................................................. 37

2.14 Site Clearance and Afforestation Details ......................................................................................... 37

2.15 MAPS or plans RELATED to the project............................................................................................ 37

2.16 Time Frame of the Project ............................................................................................................... 37

2.17 Cost of Project ................................................................................................................................. 37

CHAPTER 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................... 38

3.1 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ...................................................................................................................... 38

3.2 TOPOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................................... 38

Installation of Material Ropeways 5 Nos. along with 1 longitudinal ropeway for the construction of Deothal Chanju 30 MW HEP


3.3 METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................. 39

3.4 METEOROLOGY ................................................................................................................................. 40

3.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ...................................................................................................................... 42

3.6 NOISE QUALITY .................................................................................................................................. 46

3.7 WATER REGIME ................................................................................................................................. 49

3.8 WATER QUALITY ................................................................................................................................ 51

3.9 soil quality ......................................................................................................................................... 58

3.10 LAND USE......................................................................................................................................... 63

3.11 FLORA AND faUNA .......................................................................................................................... 67

3.12 SOCIOECONOMIC SCENARIO ........................................................................................................... 77

Study Area ............................................................................................................................................... 79

List of villages In Study Area .................................................................................................................. 79

Demographic Profile of Study Area ........................................................................................................ 80

Work Profile of Study Area ..................................................................................................................... 81

PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION .................................................................................................................. 83

3.13 Traffic density .................................................................................................................................. 86

CHAPTER 4: ANTICIPATED IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................................... 89

4.1 Land Environment.............................................................................................................................. 89

4.2 Air environment ................................................................................................................................. 92

4.3 Water environment ........................................................................................................................... 93

4.4 Noise & Vibration environment ......................................................................................................... 95

4.5 Solid and Hazardous waste ............................................................................................................... 97

4.6 Ecological Environment ..................................................................................................................... 98

4.7 Socio Economic Environment And Occupational Health.................................................................... 99

4.8 Influx of people & associated developments AND TRAFFIC INCREMENT ........................................ 101

CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OFALTERNATIVES (SITE & TECHNOLOGY) .............................................................. 103

5.1 Alternative routes assessed ............................................................................................................. 103

5.2 Selected Alignment .......................................................................................................................... 105

5.3 Alternative technologies assessed ................................................................................................... 106

5.4 Proposed Ropeway System Technology .......................................................................................... 111

CHAPTER 6: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ................................................................................... 124

▪ DETAILS OF MONITORING TO JUDGE EFFECTIVENESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL

MEASURES ............................................................................................................................................ 124

▪ SUMMARIZED COST ON ENVIRONMENT MONITORING ............................................................ 126

▪ SUMBISSION OF SIX MONTHLY COMPLIANCES .......................................................................... 126



▪ ENVIRONMENT AUDIT ................................................................................................................ 127

CHAPTER 7: ADDITIONAL STUDIES ............................................................................................................. 128

7.1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................................................... 128

7.2 PUBLIC CONSULTATION ................................................................................................................... 128

7.3 RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN..................................................................... 128

7.4 Preventive Measures ....................................................................................................................... 135

7.5 Maintenance & Management of Ropeway ..................................................................................... 137

7.6 SPECIFIC SAFETY FeatureS FOR A Ropeway ..................................................................................... 140

7.7 Safety Measures for Wildlife ........................................................................................................... 142

CHAPTER 8: PROJECT BENEFITS .................................................................................................................. 144

CHAPTER 9: ENVIRONMENTMANAGEMENT PLAN ..................................................................................... 145

9.1 Land Environment: .......................................................................................................................... 145

9.2 Air Environment ............................................................................................................................... 147

9.3 Water Environment ......................................................................................................................... 148

9.4 Storm Water Management ............................................................................................................. 150

9.5 Noise & Vibration Environment ....................................................................................................... 151

9.6 Solid & Hazardous Waste Management ......................................................................................... 152

9.7 Ecological Environment ................................................................................................................... 153

9.8 Socio Economic Scenario &Benefits to Economy & State ................................................................ 154

9.9 Traffic Manangement ...................................................................................................................... 156

9.10 Environment Management Cell ..................................................................................................... 156

9.11 Cost on Environment Management Plan ....................................................................................... 157

CHAPTER 10: SUMMARY & CONCLUSION ................................................................................................... 158

10.1 SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................... 158

10.2 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................. 159

CHAPTER 11: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ............................................................................................ 160

ENCLOSURE 2: TOR LETTER ........................................................................................................... 165

ENCLOSURE 3: TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP ........................................................................................ 166

ENCLOSURE 4: LAYOUT MAP.......................................................................................................... 167

ENCLOSURE 5: LAYOUT SECTION OF ALL ROPEWAY ............. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

ENCLOSURE 6: ALLOTMENT OF PROJECT .................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

List of Figures



Figure 2-1: General Location of project site ........................................................................ 23

Figure 2-2: Site Photos ........................................................................................................ 26

Figure 2-3: TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP ..................................................................................... 28

Figure 3.5-1 Ambient air sampling locations on 10 Km Topographical Map ...................... 43

Figure 3.6-1 Noise sampling locations on 10 Km Radius Topographical Map ..................... 47

Figure 3.8-1: Water sampling locations on 10 km topographical map .............................. 52

Figure 3.9-1 Soil sampling locations on 10 Km Topographical Map .................................... 59

Figure 7-1Natural Calamity Hazard Profile of India ......................................................... 131

Figure 7-2Seismic Map of (Source: NDRRP) ................................................................... 132

Figure 7-3Landslides map (Source-nidm) ......................................................................... 133

Figure 7-4Flood map of UTTARAKHAND ..................................................................... 133

Figure 7-5wind Hazard Map (Source- SDMA) ................................................................. 134

Figure 7-6Emergency Management Cell teams outline .................................................... 140

Figure 9-1 Proposed Landuse ............................................................................................ 146

Figure 9-2 Water balance ................................................................................................... 149

List of Tables

Table 2-1: Site Location ...................................................................................................... 21

Table 2-2: Proposed Land Distribution at Site .................................................................... 29

Table 2-3 List of Plant& equipment .................................................................................... 33

Table 2-4:Relevant Indian standard specification ............................................................... 33

Table 3.4-2 Annual air temperature past 10 years of dalhousie ......................................... 41

Table 3.5-1 Sampling Location for Ambient Air Quality ...................................................... 42

Table 3.5-2 Ambient air quality results of PM 2.5, PM 10, SO2 & NOX .................................. 45

Table 3.6-1 Sampling locations for noise quality ................................................................. 46

Table 3.6-2 Noise quality results.......................................................................................... 48

Table 3.8-1 Sampling locations for Water quality ............................................................... 51

Table 3.8-2; Surface water quality results (Buffer Zone) ..................................................... 56

Table 3.9-1 Sampling locations for soil quality .................................................................... 58



Table 3.9-2;Soil quality results ............................................................................................. 61

Table 4-1:Impact & Mitigation for Land Environment ....................................................... 89

Table 4-2:Impacts & mitigation measures for Air Environment ......................................... 92

Table 4-3:IMPACTS& Mitigation measure for Water Quality ........................................... 94

Table 4-4: Impacts & Mitigation for Noise & Vibrations ................................................... 96

Table 4-5: Impacts & Mitgation for Solid & hazardous Waste ........................................... 97

Table 4-6: Impacts & Mitigation for Ecological Environment ............................................ 98

Table 4-7: Impact & Mitigation for Socio- Economic Scenario ......................................... 99

Table 4-8: Impacts on Health of workers & their mitigation ............................................. 100

Table 4-9:Impacts & mitigation for Influx of people & associated developments ........... 101

TABLE 6-1ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE .............................. 124

Table 7-1Hazard Analysis ................................................................................................. 129

Table 7-2Vulnerable locations/ areas for natural hazards ................................................. 130

Table 7-3vulnerable locations of different man-made hazards ......................................... 130

Table 9-1Water Management ............................................................................................ 148

Table 9-2Environment Management Cell .......................................................................... 157

Table 9-5 Capital Cost and recurring cost on EMP ............................................................ 157



Enclosure 1: ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT

REPORT



CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION

Chamba is the headquarters of the Chamba district, bordered by Jammu and Kashmir to the

north-west and west, the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir and Lahaul and Bara Banghal to

the north-east and east, Kangra to the south-east and Pathankot district of Punjab to the south. It

has an average elevation of 1,006 metres (3,301 ft). Chamba has several tourist attractions such

as colonial architecture and the temples etc.

Himachal Pradesh is endowed with about 23,000 MW of exploitable hydro potential, excluding

about 750 MW in small/mini/micro hydel potential, in its five river basins. The Government of

India /State Government of Himachal Pradesh has encouraged participation of state as well as

private sector in its development in a big way, with renewed set of incentives for its exploitation.

The state government of Himachal Pradesh has allotted 20 Hydro-electric Projects to Himachal

Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd. (HPPCL) with aggregate installed capacity of 3104 MW, for

development under state sector. HPPCL has drawn a plan to execute these projects in a phased

manner based on the infrastructure and evacuation arrangement available at these project sites.

Transportation of construction material and machinery across a hill for the construction of

Hydroelectric plant is a major problem that needs to be addressed. Construction of road is costly

and not a feasible solution for transportation of required material due to dense forest, high

altitude and difficult location thus, aerial/material ropeways is a cost and resource saving

solution.

1.2 PROJECT

The proposed Material Ropeway shall be developed above the Deothal-Chanju Nallah in Village-

Dantoi, Tehsil-Chaura, District-Chamba, Himachal Pradesh by M/s Himachal Pradesh Power

Corporation Limited. The Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (HPPCL) has a

proposal of installing 2 Hydro Electric Projects, a) Chanju- III HEP (48MW) & b) Deothal-

Chanju HEP (30 MW) in Churah Tehsil of Distt. Chamba (HP). M/s HPPCL decided to have a

mechanized transportation system for transporting the construction materials to the work site.

The proposed ropeway shall be used for transportation of construction material i.e. cement, steel

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladakh

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahaul

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangra_district

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathankot_district

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_(India)



reinforcement in cut lengths, steel ribs, aggregates, steel liner etc. and the machinery / equipment

i.e. welding sets, tipping trolleys, air compressor, concrete mixtures, concrete placers, air receiver

tank, drilling equipment etc. in parts across the chanju nallah to Deothal-Chanju HEP 30 MW in

Churah Tehsil of Distt. Chamba.

The proposed system consists 5 no. of cross ropeways across the nallah and 1 longitudinal

ropeways (Six Sections) connecting all the take off points of cross ropeways from road head to

the trench weir along the right bank of Chanju Nallah based on Bi-cable Jig Back and Twin

Track Bi cable ropeway system. Each Cross Ropeways consist of loading and unloading stations

and longitudinal ropeway will connect all loading points of cross ropeways. The alignment of the

project covers an area of 5.38 ha (including loading and unloading area, tower and corridor area).

The pay load capacity of each ropeway lies between 2 MT- 3 MT. The area of land for the

proposal under forest land.

1.3 TYPE OF PROJECT

The project being an Aerial Ropeway falls under the activity 7 (g) of the EIA notification, 2006

and is a designated Project as per Schedule and falls under category A, as the terminal of all

ropeways are at elevation of more than 1000 m MSL. The ropeway system proposed to be

installed in this project are Bi-cable Jig Back and Twin track Bi-cable Zigback system.

1.4 LAND DESCRIPTION

Total 5.38 ha forest land area will be required for the development of the ropeway which

involves towers, loading & unloading area and including ropeway corridor.

There are 5 cross ropeways across the chanju Nallah and 1 longitudinal Ropeway connecting all

loading stations.



Area Required:

TABLE 1.1 DETAIL OF ROPEWAY

Cross ropeways: -------I

S. No Cross Ropeways Station Alignment length

(in m)

Elevation (m) Elevation

difference (m)

1 DR1 Loading 309.33 2722 89.84

Unloading 2806

2 DR2 Loading 554.00 2620 200.18

Unloading 2794

3 DR3 Loading 901.27 2550 269.29

Unloading 2800

4 DR4 Loading 1165.42 2434 404.30

Unloading 2775

5 DR5 Loading 939.611 2403 410.39

Unloading 2165

Longitudnal Ropeways--------II

S. No Longitudinal

Ropeways

Station Alignment length

(in m)

Elevation (m) Elevation

difference (m)

1 Section I

(End point of

Ropeway)

Trench Weir

920.00

2810 155.60

Loading DR1 2722

2 Section II Loading DR1

761.72

2722 105.60

Loading DR2 2620

3 Section III Loading DR2

790.84

2620 75.00

Loading DR3 2550

4 Section IV Loading DR3

2244.26

2550 127.61

Loading DR4 2434

5 Section V Loading DR4

456.92

2434 30.02

Loading DR5 2403

6 Section VI

(Starting point of

Ropeway)

Loading DR5

1200.00

2403 143.02

Road Head 2224



Total area of cross ropeways and longitudinal ropeways

Area covered by the alignment- 5.38 ha (including terminals, loading & unloading area and

ropeway corridor)

S. No Description Land Forest Required (in ha)

1 Ropeway Platform DR1

1.44





6 Longitudinal Ropeway Platforms

7 For Ropeway Spans 3.94

Total 5.38

Village- Dantoi

Tehsil- Chaurah

District- Chamba

State- Himachal Pradesh

There shall be cross-sectional ropeways crossing the Chanju Nallah. Chanju nallah is a left bank

tributary of Baira river which in turn is a tributary of Siul River in Ravi Basin. It is a perennial

nallah which originates at Kundi Mural Lake at an elevation of ± 4360 m and flows mostly in

south-westerly to westerly direction before it joins Baira River. The straight path encountered

most hostile terrain and steep gradient with deep and wide gorges and valleys and much more

inaccessible. The existing PWD road terminates at road head near Kali Mata Temple and

construction of further road is costly and not a feasible solution for transportation of required

material due to dense forest, high altitude and difficult location. Thus, aerial material ropeway is

proposed for the construction of HEP, 30 MW.

1.5 ABOUT PROJECT PROPONENT

Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (HPPCL) is a fast-upcoming power generating

utility with all the Technical and Organizational capabilities at par with other generating



bgndepartments with professionals of proven credentials and qualified technical manpower. The

head office of Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited is at Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.

Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (HPPCL), was incorporated in December 2006

under the Companies Act 1956, with the objective to plan, promote and organize the

development of all aspects of hydroelectric power in Himachal Pradesh.

1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS INVOLVED IN THE PROJECT

M/s Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt. Ltd., established by experienced environmental and related

experts, provides specialized services in the field of Environment and Pollution Control for all

types of Industrial, Construction, Nuclear Sciences, Bio-diversity Mining and other related fields.

Our transparent and professional approach, commitment to excellent quality and service, timely

deliveries have contributed to create a name in the field of environment.

M/s Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt. Ltd. is NABET Registered vide list of accredited

consultant organizations/ List 1/Rev 66/ 5th June, 2018 at S. No-114 & an ISO 9001:2015,

ISO 14001:2015 & OSHAS 18001:2007 Certified Organisation. We have a core group of

highly qualified experts from various fields like environment, chemistry, civil engineering,

geology, social sciences, electronics and telecommunication with rich and diversified experience

in the field of environment and pollution control.

Perfact Group management, experience, excellence, professionalism and ultimate satisfaction has

helped in achieving the heights of success in their specialized field of environment.

The Environmental Monitoring for air, water, soil & noise has been conducted by in-house

NABL accredited laboratory namely M/s Perfact Researchers Pvt. Ltd.

Team (EIA Coordinators, FAEs, AFAEs & Team Members) involved in the Project:

❖ EIA Coordinators: Mrs. Rachna Bhargava

❖ Assistant to EIA Coordinator: Ms. Astha Srivastava



❖ Team:

Functional

Area Approved FAEs Approved FAA

Other Team

Members

LU Manoj Pant

AQ Nipun Bhargava

AP Nipun Bhargava Latika Sehgal

WP Praveen Bhargava

EB Rajiv Kumar

SE Rachna Bhargava

NV Partho Mukherjee Praveen Bhargava

GEO Santosh Pant Anand Singh

HG Santosh Pant Anand Singh

SC Praveen Bhargava Chandra Shekhar

RH Nipun Bhargava

SHW Praveen Bhargava Shimael Fatima

1.7 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS APPLICABLE TO THE PROJECT

In 1972, UN Conference on Human Development at Stockholm influenced the need for a well-

developed legal mechanism to conserve resources, protect the environment and ensures the

health and well-being of the global population. Over the years, the government of India has

framed several policies and promulgated numbers of Acts, Rules and Notification aimed at

management and protection of the environment. The environmental legislation aimed to ensure

the development process meets the overall objective of promoting sustainable development.

Following legislations are applicable to the project:

The HIMACHAL PRADESH AERIAL ROPEWAYS ACT, 1968 (ACT NO.7 OF 1969),

AMENDED, REPEALED OR OTHERWISE AFFECT BY, - H.P. ACT NO. 13 OF 1995.

An Act to authorise, facilitate and regulate the construction a working of aerial ropeways in

Himachal Pradesh.

THE FOREST (CONSERVATION) ACT 1980, WITH AMENDMENTS MADE IN 1988

Under Section 2. Restrictions on the de reservation of forests or use of forest land for non-

forest purpose



Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force in a State, no

State Government or other authority shall make, except with the prior approval of the Central

Government, any order directing:

1) that any reserved forest (within the meaning of the expression "reserved forest" in any law for

the time being in force in that State) or any portion thereof, shall cease to be reserved;

2) that any forest land or any portion there of may be used for any non-forest purpose;

3) that any forest land or any portion there of may be assigned by way of lease or otherwise to

any private person or to any authority, corporation, agency or any other organisation not

owned, managed or controlled by Government;

4) that any forest land or any portion there of may be cleared of trees which have grown

naturally in that land or portion, for the purpose of using it for reafforestation.

THE WATER (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT 1974

Under Section 25. Restrictions on New Outlets and New Discharges

1) Applicable due to discharge of waste water from the Residential Group Housing Colony.

2) Under the above-mentioned act, we shall take consent “consent to establish” & “consent to

operate” of the State Pollution Control Board.

THE AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981

Under section 21. Restrictions on use of certain industrial plants.

1) Applicable due to provision of DG Sets which will be source of air emission to atmosphere.

Stack shall be installed.

2) Under the above-mentioned act, we shall take consent “consent to establish” & “consent to

operate” from the State Pollution Control Board.

THE WATER (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) CESS ACT, 1977

Under Section 3: Levy and Collection of Cess

1) There shall be levied and collected a cess for the purpose of the Water (Prevention and

Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (6 of 1974) and utilization there under.

2) The cess under sub-section (1) shall be payable by—



• Every person extracting water from ground.

• Every person using supply water.

S.O. 1357(E), [08.04.2016] - SOLID WASTES MANAGEMENT RULES, 2016

As per this rule solid waste is to be segregated and disposed as per defined procedure at MSW

approved site or within its own complex by using different solid waste disposal technologies.

G.S.R. No. 395(E) [04.04.2016] HAZARDOUS & OTHER WASTES (MANAGEMENT &

TRANSBOUNDRY MOVEMENT) RULES, 2016

1) Hazardous wastes shall be collected, treated, stored at isolated locations.

2) It will be given to authorized recyclers/ service providers only.

THE NOISE POLLUTION (REGULATION AND CONTROL) RULES, 2000

1) The noise levels in any area shall not exceed the ambient noise quality standards in respect of

noise as specified in the schedule.

2) The authority shall be responsible for the enforcement of noise pollution control measures

and the due compliance of the ambient noise quality standards in respect of noise.

➢ E-WASTE (MANAGEMENT AND HANDLING) RULES, 2011 & E-WASTE

(MANAGEMENT & HANDLING) RULES, 2016

– E-waste shall be collected and stored at isolated location.

– It shall be disposed through approved recycler only.

➢ CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT RULES, 2016

– The rules shall apply the proposed project will involve construction of pillars which will

generates construction and demolition waste such as building materials, debris, rubble.

➢ PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT RULES 2016

– Plastic waste, which can be recycled, shall be channelized to registered plastic waste

recycler and recycling.

– It will be given to authorized recyclers/ service providers only.

– Authorization under this rule shall be taken from SPCB



EIA NOTIFICATION, 2006 & amendments

EIA Notification, 2006 falls under EPA, 1986 under this act any project which has probable

impact on the environment is listed under 34 categories, then unit are required to take prior

environmental clearance after occupying/indentifying the land for particular use.

The proposed project falls under Category A activity 7 (g) as per the notification issued on 14th

September 2006 by Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF).

1.8 GENERAL STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

DOCUMENT FOR AERIAL ROPEWAY

In terms of the EIA notification of the MoEF dated 14th September 2006, the generic structure of

the EIA document is as under:

1) Introduction

2) Project Description

3) Description of the Environment

4) Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures

5) Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site)

6) Environmental Monitoring Plan

7) Additional Studies

8) Project Benefits

9) Environment Management Plan

10) Summary and Conclusion

11) Disclosure of Consultant Engaged

1.9 PURPOSE OF STUDY

The purpose of the study is to comply with legal requirements as per Environmental Impact

Assessment (EIA) Notification, 14th September 2006 and subsequent amendments of Ministry of

Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MOEF&CC). The project being an Aerial ropeway



project falls under the item 7(g) Category 'A' of EIA Notification 2006 and subsequent

amendments as the Uppermost Terminal Point is greater than elevation of 1000m above MSL.

The environmental impact assessment report has been prepared for obtaining environmental

clearance for the proposed activity.

1.10 METHODOLOGY

This EIA/EMP report is based on the observations made by M/s Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt.

Ltd. during visits to the study area and collection of primary and secondary environmental data.

Literatures have also been reviewed and relevant information has been collected for

environmental and social baseline. The main components of the method are:

1. Impact Identification

2. Impact Assessment

3. Impact Evaluation

4. Mitigation Measures



CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

2.1.1 About the site

The proposed Deothal Chanju HEP 30 MW in District Chamba of Himachal Pradesh is a run of

river scheme on Deothal nallah, a left bank tributary of Chanju Nallah which in its upper reaches

is called Deothal nallah. It envisages utilization of water of Deothal Nallah through a gross head

of 668.17 m for generation of 30 MW of power in an underground power house on the left bank

of chanju nallah downstream of confluence of Deothal and Tanger Nallah. The project comprises

of a trench weir across Deothal nallah just downstream of confluence of Seri Nallah with Deothal

Nallah at an elevation of ±2810 m, an underground desilting tank size 130 m (L)x5m (W)x9m

(H) head race tunnel ±4429 m long, comprising a forebay and a 1.40 m dia pressure shaft liner

trifurcating near the power house to feed three generating units of 10 MW each to generate 30

MW of power. The project is located near village Dantoi in District Chamba of Himachal

Pradesh.

2.1.2 Need of the project

As the availability of Electricity is not in abundance for major portion of population therefore,

the state government of Himachal Pradesh has allotted 20 Hydro-electric Projects to Himachal

Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd. (HPPCL) with aggregate installed capacity of 3104 MW, for

development under state sector.

The Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (HPPCL) has a proposal of installing 2 Hydro

Electric Projects, a) Chanju- III HEP (48MW) & b) Deothal- Chanju HEP (30 MW) in Churah

Tehsil of Distt. Chamba (HP). M/s HPPCL decided to have a mechanized transportation system

for transporting the construction materials to the work site. The ropeway shall be used for

transportation of construction material i.e. cement, steel reinforcement in cut lengths, steel ribs,

aggregates, steel liner etc. and the machinery / equipment i.e. welding sets, tipping trolleys, air

compressor, concrete mixtures, concrete placers, air receiver tank, drilling equipment etc. for

construction of Deothal-chanju HEP (30 MW).



The paths in the project area encountered most hostile terrain with steep gradient with deep and

wide gorges and valleys much more inaccessible. Presently access to the proposed plant area of

Hydro Electric Plant(HEP) is not available for the transportation. The existing HPPWD road on

the right bank of Nallah terminates in the downstream of the project and extension of which is

not feasible due to dense forest and tough terrain. Also, due to dense forest on the left bank hills,

the possibility of construction of and project road has been ruled out. Due to high altitude and

difficult location, aerial /material ropeways systems are needed to be installed. The objective of

HPPCL is to use the ropeways for transportation of construction materials from road head to the

work sites on the left bank of the Nallah. Therefore, 05 no. material ropeways across the Nallah

and longitudinal ropeways (Six Sections) connecting all the takeoff points of cross ropeways

from road head to the trench weir along the right bank of Nallah have been proposed to Deothal-

Chanju HEP (30 MW) for transportation of construction material.

2.1.3 Initiative by Government

The State Government of Himachal Pradesh has allotted 20 Projects to Himachal Pradesh Power

Corporation Ltd. (HPPCL) with aggregate installed capacity of 3104 MW, for development

under state sector. HPPCL has drawn a plan to execute these projects in a phased manner based

on the infrastructure and evacuation arrangement available at these project sites. These projects

are to be funded by Government of India to the extent of 90% of the project cost and 10% will be

paid by the other beneficiary states. Deothal Chanju HEP project is one of the 10 projects, which

require ropeway for material transferring above the chanju nallah.

2.1.4 Brief Description

The ropeway having 5 no. of ropeways across the Nallah and longitudinal ropeways (Six

Sections) connecting all the takeoff points (Loading terminals) of cross ropeways from road head

to the trench weir along the right bank of Nallah have been proposed covering an area of 5.38 ha

(including terminal, loading & unloading areas and ropeway corridor). The land for proposed

Material Ropeway falls under forest Land which needs to be diverted for construction of

ropeway. Proposed material ropeways will help in saving many trees which would have been

felled in case of road construction. As the area is hilly and the construction of the road is not

feasible. Hence this ropeway system is proposed to negotiate this tough reach in a comfortable &



environment friendly way. Material shall be brought till road head near kali mata temple as the

road terminates there by trucks through existing PWD road.

i) Cross Ropeways:

Ropeway DR1, DR2, DR3 & DR4- Max Payload 2 MT

Ropeway DR5- Max Payload 3 MT

Latitude and longitude of all two terminal stations are given in table 2-2:

TABLE 2-1: GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION OF PROJECT SITE

S.

No

Cross

Ropeways

Station Northing

(M)

(latitude)

Easting (M)

(Longitude)

Alignment

length

Ropeway

Technology

Payload

Capacity

Elevation

(m)

1 DR1 Loading 3616087.99 628248.78 309.33

Bi-Cable Jig

Back

2MT 2722

Unloading 3615876.46 628195.21 2806

2 DR2 Loading 3616641.86 627725.86 554.00 2MT 2620

Unloading 3616334.28 627463.82 2794

3 DR3 Loading 3617298.44 627285.03 901.27 2MT 2550

Unloading 3616678.28 626771.87 2800

4 DR4 Loading 3619130.01 625988.09 1165.42 2MT 2434

Unloading 3618009.49 625667.67 2775

5 DR5 Loading 3619300.21 625564.05 939.611 Twin track

Bi cable-

Jigback

3MT 2403

Unloading 3618404.33 625411.10 2165

ii) Longitudinal Ropeways:

Ropeway Section I to Section V- Max Payload 2 MT

Ropeway Section VI- Max Payload 3 MT

S.

No

Longitudinal

Ropeways

Station Northing

(M)

(latitude)

Easting (M)

(Longitude)

Alignment

length

(in m)

Ropeway

Technology

Payload

Capacity

Elevation

(m)

1 Section I Trench

Weir

3615405.75 628865.99

920.00

2MT 2810

Loading

DR1

3616087.99 628248.78 2722

2 Section II Loading

DR1

3616087.99 628248.78 2MT 2722



Loading

DR2

3616641.86 627725.86 761.72

Bi-Cable Jig

Back

2620

3 Section III Loading

DR2

3616641.86 627725.86

790.84

2MT 2620

Loading

DR3

3617298.44 627285.03 2550

4 Section IV Loading

DR3

3617298.44 627285.03

2244.26

2MT 2550

Loading

DR4

3619130.01 625988.09 2434

5 Section V Loading

DR4

3619130.01 625988.09

456.92

2MT

2434

Loading

DR5

3619300.21 625564.05 2403

6 Section VI Loading

DR5

3619300.21 625564.05

1200.00

Twin track

Bi cable-

Jigback

3MT

2403

Road

Head

3615405.75 628865.99 2224

2.1.5 Benefit of the project

This ropeway is proposed by M/s HPPCL decided to have a mechanized transportation system

for transporting the construction materials to the work site of Hydroelectric power plant above

the Churah Nallah. The ropeway shall be used for transportation of construction material i.e.

cement, steel reinforcement in cut lengths, steel ribs, aggregates, steel liner etc. and the

machinery / equipment i.e. welding sets, tipping trolleys, air compressor, concrete mixtures,

concrete placers, air receiver tank, drilling equipment etc. in parts. The other benefits are

described in detail in Chapter-8.

2.2 LOCATION DETAILS

The site location details are given in Table 2-1 & the location map is shown in Fig. 2-1 and 2-2.

TABLE 2-1: SITE LOCATION

Village Dhantoi

Tehsil & District Tehsil-Chaurah & District-Chamba

State Himachal Pradesh



FIGURE 2-1: GENERAL LOCATION OF PROJECT SITE



2.3 SITE PHOTOS

Photograph showing construction site of HEP 30 MW



Photograph Showing Kali Mata Mandir

Photograph showing Existing PWD Road



Photograph showing area of cross-sectional ropeways

Figure 2-2: Site Photos

2.4 APPROACH TO SITE

The project area is approachable by Chamba district head quarter through all weathermetalled

road up to Nakror which is at a distance of about 58 km from chamba on chamba Tissa state

highway. From Nakror the project site is connected through Nakror-Bhagaigarh-Chanju-Dantoi

road up to Dantoi. Dantoi is the last village in chanju nallah basin. The site is approachable

through existing HPPWD road on the right bank of Nallah till road head near Kali Mata

temple.

Connectivity:

Airport: Kangra Airport: 59.98 Km, SW

Railway Station: Talara Railway Station 62.98 Km SW

Road: Pathankot-Chamba Tissa Road-11.47 Km NW

2.5 ENVIRONMENT SENSITIVITY AT SITE

Following are the nearest sensitive areas which exist around the project site. 10 km

Topographical map showing the environmental sensitive areas is shown at Figure 2-3.



Chanju Nala

Kamli Nala

Baswed Nala

Tanger Nala

Deothal Nala

Chenab River

Forest

Jured Reserve Forest

Jured PF

Khartab PF

Bhulane PF

Bhatowa PF

Chhurku PF

Khander PF

Kussan PF

Nakai PF

Diyothal Dalatu PF

Nichla Supeka PF

Jammu Kalwali RF

Ganj PF

Kamli PF

Kamli PF

Choha PF

Chhaned PF

Bhujund PF

Dramman PF

Galond PF

Pukhrotu PF

Topi RF

Supeka RF

Ghatot PF

Akhoru PF

Dhar PF

Jalot PF

Tretana PF

Badua PF

Ain Pukhri PF

Ran Bag PF

Ghorchhan PF

Luhani PF

Gandera PF

Sundari PF

Sundari RF

Chhatri PF

Project is located above the Chanju Nala

3.62 Km N

2.07 Km NW

2.80 Km E

2.72 Km E

13.96 Km NE

1.95 Km N

3.22 Km NE

4.50 Km NE

5.84 Km N

6.38 Km NW

8.58 Km NNW

9.28 Km NW

6.82 Km NW

6.47 Km NE

1.69 Km SE

9.51 Km SSE

1.17 Km NW

8.34 Km NE

7.09 Km NE

7.61 Km NE

9.45 Km NE

9.43 Km NE

8.61 Km NE

8.32 Km S

7.28 Km S

8.50 Km SSW

1.48 Km SW

10.01 Km SSW

8.21 Km SW

9.44 Km SW

8.85 Km SW

7.43 Km W

3.56 Km SWW

8.82 Km SW

6.95 Km SW

7.35 Km SW

6.15 Km SW

9.95 Km SW

9.77 Km SW

4.25 Km SW

2.60 Km W

6.54 Km SW



Bathal PF

Kyara PF

Mairundi PF

Sumun PF

Udang PF

Baswed RF

Chamar Chuna RF

Jala PF

Khajriala RF

Lindi RF

Kansar PF

Doari PF

Sera PF

Bhalala PF

Gadyog PF

Tundara PF

Ali PF

Khander PF

Kussan PF

7.94 Km SW

7.87 Km SW

9.41 Km SWW

9.94 Km SWW

6.71 Km SW

2.07 Km NW

3.50 Km NW

5.96 Km NW

7.74 Km NW

8.10 Km NWW

7.55 Km W

2.14 Km NW

5.95 Km NW

7.71 Km NW

9.32 Km NW

5.15 Km NW

6.45 Km NW

3.50 Km NW

6.82 Km NW

Figure 2-3: TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP



2.6 INFRASTRUCTURE NEAR SITE

2.6.1 Existing Infrastructure

2.6.1.1 At Villages

• Approach Road: -

PWD Road is available

• Accomodation, Shops &Other Facilities: -

There are residential buildings, shops, cloth shop, General store, Primary school &

Dispencary

• Sanitary Facility: -

Poor conditioned sanitary facilities are available.

• Water Supply: -

The main source of water in the area is Spring water. No water treatment facilities are

available. The sewage system is through open drains and is disposed-off in the natural

streams. Source of water in the project site will be Chanju Nallah.

2.6.2 Proposed Infrastructure

• Ropeway Tower & Terminal Station (loading & unloading station, DG room)

• Drinking water arrangement shall be made from chanju nallah (spring water).

2.7 LAND USE AT SITE

2.7.1 Proposed Land use

Project area involves total 53,800 sqm (5.38 ha.) of area which will be required for the

construction of loading & unloading station, line towers & the ropeway corridor. Proposed

Landuse at site is given in Table 2-3.

TABLE 2-2: PROPOSED LAND DISTRIBUTION AT SITE

Area required for Area (ha) Type of Land

Ropeway Platform (i) (Cross ropeways &

Longitudinal Ropeways)

1.44 ha Forest land

Ropeway Span (ii) 3.94 ha Forest land

Total (i+ii) 5.38 ha Forest land



27%

73%

Land Use

Ropeway Platform (i)

Ropeway Span (ii)

Figure 2-4: Land Use

2.8 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

The ropeway system proposed to be installed in this project are Bi-Cable JigJack System and

Twin track Bi-cable Jigjack system

a. Continuously Moving Bi-Cable Ropeway with Detachable Grip: In bicable

system, there is tensioned stationery Track Ropes both on Load and empty side and a

second endless rope attached to each carrier. The carriers are suspended from the

Track Ropes at intervals which carry their weight. The Haul Rope is firmly attached to

the carrier and when driven, move the carriers from one point to the other. The

Bicable system, because of special locked coil type Track Ropes and more

complicated carriages are always more expensive than a Monocable System. This type

of ropeway can go up to a speed of 10 mps on track rope and 7.5 mps over line

supports i.e. saddles on line trestles as when the cabin reaches station, it detaches

itself from the continuously moving hauling rope and moves on fixed structure and

the cabin speed is reduced to crawling speed. This type is very costly and requires

maximum mechanicals in stations. With this type system longer unsupported span is

possible.

b. Double Track Bicable System: In double track bicable system, there is tensioned

stationery 2 (two) Track Ropes both on Load and empty side and a second endless

rope attached to each carrier. The carriers are suspended from the Track Ropes at

intervals which carry their weight. The Haul Rope is firmly attached to the carrier and

when driven, move the carriers from one point to the other. The Double Track Bicable

System, because of numbers of special locked coil type Track Ropes and more



complicated carriages are always more expensive than a Monocable and a Bicable

System.

Technical Details of the ropeway are given below:

TABLE 2-4: ALTERNATIVE I: ROPEWAYS FOR DEOTHAL CHANJU HEP (30 MW)

DR1 DR2 DR3 DR4 DR5 a. Type of Ropeway Bi Cable Jig Back Twin track Bi

Cable Jig Back

b. No. of Drive Station 1 1 1 1 1 c. No. of Stations 2 2 2 2 2 d. Operation 8 hrs/ day e. Material to be CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL, MACHINERY BUTTERFLY

transported VALVE,

PENSTOCK f. No. of sections 1 1 1 1 1 g. Horizontal Length 218.198 404.062 804.935 1165.428 908.843

(M) (approx) h. Difference in Level 89.841 200.186 269.291 404.308 410.394

between stations

(M) (approx)

i. Transport Capacity 2T 2T 2T 2T 3 T j. Bucket Payload (T) 2T 2T 2T 2T 3 T k. Line Speed (M/ Sec) 2.0 l. Bucket travel time 2 3.5 7 10 8

(Min) approx.

m. Track Rope Size 32 32 32 32 32

(MM) n. Haulage Rope Size 19 19 19 19 22

(MM) o. Motor rating (KW) 60 75 60 60 110 p. Total Number of 1 1 1 1 1

Buckets q. Gauge of the Line - - - - -

(M) r. Number to Towers 1 2 1 1 NIL

/ TRD s. Tower Construction Lattice Lattice Lattice Lattice NIL



TABLE 2-5: ALTERNATIVE I: ROPEWAYS FOR DEOTHAL CHANJU HEP (30 MW) CONNECTING ALL THE TAKE

OFF POINTS UP TO TRENCH WEIR (RIGHT BANK OF RIVER)

Sec –I Sec –II Sec –III Sec –IV Sec -V Sec – VI

From To From To From To From To From To From To

Station locations Trench DR1 DR1 DR2 DR2 DR3 DR3 DR4 DR4 DR5 Road DR5

wire head

a. Type of Bi Cable Jig Back Twin Track Bi Ropeway Cable Jig Back b. No. of Drive 1 1 1 1 1 1

Station

c. No. of Stations 2 2 2 2 2 2

d. Operation 8 hrs/ day

e. Material to be CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL,

Machinery, Butterfly valve transported and pen stock f. No. of 1 1 1 1 1 1

sections

g. Horizontal 920.000 761.720 790.840 2244.260 456.922 1200.000 Length (M)

(approx) h. Difference in 155.608 105.606 75.000 127.614 30.022 143.022 Level between

stations (M)

(approx) i. Transport 2.0 T 2.0 T 2.0 T 2.0 T 2.0 T 3.0 T

Capacity

j. Bucket 2.0 T 2.0 T 2.0 T 2.0 T 2.0 T 3.0 T

Payload

(T) k. Line Speed 2.0

(M/ Sec) l. Bucket travel 8.0 6.5 7.0 19.0 4.0 10.0

time

(Min)approx. m. Track Rope 30 30 30 30 30 32

Size

(MM) n. Haulage Rope 19 20 20 20 20 22

Size (MM)

o. Motor rating 60 60 50 60 60 75

(KW) p. Total Number 1 1 1 1 1 1



of Buckets

q. Gauge of the - - - - - -

Line (M)

r. Number to 3 4 4 3 1 5

Towers / TRD s. Tower Lattice Lattice Lattice Lattice Lattice Lattice

Construction

TABLE 2-5: ALTERNATIVE I: LONGITUDNAL ROPEWAYS FOR DEOTHAL CHANJU HEP (30 MW)

2.8.1 List of Plant & Equipment and Specification

2.8.1.1 List of Plant & Equipment:

The list of Plant & Equipment for smooth and trouble-free operation of the plant are given in

Table 2-4.

TABLE 2-3 LIST OF PLANT& EQUIPMENT

1

Main Driving Mechanism comprising of Drive Sheave, Open Gear and Pinion, worm or

helical gear, shafting, couplings, service and emergency brakes.

2 Wire Rope

3 Wire rope support towers if required.

4 Rope Tensioning Arrangement comprising of Sheaves and Tension Tower, Turn buckle etc.

5

Station Mechanicals comprising of Rope Guide / deflection sheaves, Bucket / trolley guide,

etc.

6

Line mechanicals comprising of Line Sheaves, Articulated Sheave Mounts, supporting

pedestal / Bracket, Rope Catcher etc. as required.

7 Buckets/ Trolleys complete with carriage and hanger.

8

Power supply and electrical system comprising of AC motors, frequency controller, MCC,

Switches, Power and Control Cables.

9 Safety devices as described in later Chapter.

10

Telecommunication and signaling items comprising of telephones, wires, siren /

hooter, glow lamp, etc. 11 Diesel generator sets for emergency power supply

2.8.1.2 Specifications & Guidelines

Following specifications will be complied.

TABLE 2-4:RELEVANT INDIAN STANDARD SPECIFICATION

IS: 210 Grey Iron Casting

IS: 226 Structural Steel (Standard Quality)

IS: 269 Ordinary and low heat Portland cement

IS: 277 Galvanized steel sheets (Plain and corrugated)

IS: 325 Three- phase induction motor

IS: 383 Coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete

IS: 432 Mild Steel and medium tensile steel bars and hard



(Part- I) – drawn steel wire for concrete reinforcement

IS: 456 Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete

IS: 516 Methods of test for strength of concrete

IS: 692 Paper insulted lead- sheathed cables for electric Supply

IS: 800 Code of Practice for use of structural steel in general building condition

IS: 802 Code of Practice for use of structural steel in overhead transmission line towers

IS: 802 Code of Practice for use of steel tubes in general building construction.

IS: 808 Rolled steel beams, channels and angle sections

IS: 813 Scheme of symbols for welding

IS: 814 Covered electrodes for metal arc welding of structural steel

IS: 815 Classification and coding of covered electrodes for metal arc welding of mild steel and low alloy

high tensile steel

IS: 816 Code of Practice for use of metal arc welding for general construction of mile steel

IS: 817 Code of Practice for training and testing metal arc welders

IS: 818 Code of Practice for safety and health requirement in electric and gas welding and cutting

operation

IS:822 Code of practice for inspection of welds

IS: 919 Recommendations for limits and fits for Engineering

IS:961 Structural steel (High Tensile)

IS:1030 Carbon steel castings

IS:1038 Steel doors, windows and ventilators

IS :1077 Common burnt clay building bricks

IS: 1139 Hot rolled mild steel, medium tensile steel and high vield strength steel deformed bars for

concrete reinforcement

IS :1148 Rivet bars for structural purposes

IS :1149 High tensile rivet bars for structural purposes

IS :1161 Steel Tubes for structural purposes

IS :1199 Method of sampling and analysis of concrete

IS :1200 Method for measurement of steelwork and ironwork

IS :1239 Mild steel tubes

IS :1363 Black hexagon bolts, nuts and lock nuts (Dia 6 to 30 mm) and black hexagon screws (Dia 6 to 24

mm)

IS :1369 Precision and semi-precision hexagon bolts, screws, nuts, and locknuts (Dia range 6 to 39

mm)

IS :1367 : Technical supply conditions for treaded fasteners

IS :1442 : Covered electrodes for the metal arc welding of high tensile structural steel

IS :1489 Portland- pozzolana Cement

IS :1554

: PVC insulted cables for working voltages from (Part-I) 3.3KV up to and including 11KV

IS :1566 Hard- drawn steel wire fabric for concrete reinforcement

IS :1608 Method for tensile testing of steel products other than steel strip, wire and tube

IS :1730

Dimension for steel plate, sheet and strip for structural and general engineering purpose

IS :1731 Dimensions for steel flats for structural and general engineering purpose

IS :1786 Cold-worked steel high strength deformed bars for concrete reinforcement

IS :1804 Fibre cores for steel wire ropes

IS :1852 Rolling and cutting tolerances for hot-rolled steel products

IS :1977 Structural Steel (Ordinary Quality) St-42-0

IS :2026 Power transformers

IS :2062 Structural Steel (fusion welding quality)

IS :2074 Ready mixed paints, red oxide zinc chromate priming

IS :2250 Code of Practice for preparation and tools and masonry mortars



IS :2315 Thindles for wire ropes

IS :2363 Glossary of terms relating to wire ropes

IS :2516 Circuit Breakers

IS :2959 Contractors for voltages not exceeding 1000 A.C. or 1200 D.C.

IS :3757 High Tensile Friction Grip Bolts. 12-4

IS :3937 Recommendations for socketing of wire ropes

IS :3975 Mines steel wires, strips and tapes for armoring of cables

IS :4000 High strength bolts in steel structure

IS :5831 PVC insulation and sheath of electric cables

IS :7098

(Part – II) Cross linked polyethylene insulated PVC sheathed cables

IS :7215 Tolerances for fabrication of steel structures

IS :8130 Conductors for insulated electric cables and flexible cords

IS :9413 Rope guide Rollers for Haulage Rope

IS :9595 Recommendations for metal arc welding of carbon and carbon manganese steels

IS :9706

Aerial Ropeways for transportation of material – code of practice for design & construction

IS :10891 Steel wire ropes for Aerial Ropeways

2.9 POPULATION CALCULATION & MANPOWER REQUIREMENT:

2.9.1 Population Calculation:

• No of Cross Sectional Ropeways: 5 & No. of Longitudinal Ropeway: 1 (Six Sections)

• Operational hours in a day: 8 hour/day

• Total no. of Workers: 60

• No. of staff: 10

2.9.2 Manpower Requirement:

During construction phase, approx. 60 labours shall be employed. The un-skilled labor can be

procured from the local villages / towns providing employment opportunities to the local

population. During the operational phase, about 10 persons would be required for technical and

administrative functions.

2.10 WATER& WASTEWATER QUANTITY

2.10.1 Water Requirement

During Construction Phase- 5 KLD of water will be required during construction phase for

domestic, flushing, sprinkling & other construction purposes.



During Operation Phase- Total water requirement has been estimated to be 5 KLD mainly for

flushing, domestic and miscellaneous purposes. Water will be sourced from Chanju Nallah Water

(Spring Water).

2.10.2 Wastewater generation

During Construction Phase- 3 KLD of waste water will be generated from labors which shall be

discharged to septic tank followed by soak pit.

During Operation Phase- Total quantity of wastewater generation will be 3.8 KLD which will

be disposed off in septic tanks via soak pit.

Wastewater management has been given in Section- 9.3.

2.11 POWER CONSUMPTION

During Construction Phase- DG sets of 7x35 KVA, 2x40 KVA, 2x30 KVA & 2x50 KVA shall

be used at site for the construction work at the terminals.

During Operational Phase- Power requirement during operation phase will be 500 KW which

will be sourced by DG sets as there is no other source of power at the selected locations. Thus,

DG sets installed during construction phase will remain in use during operational phase i.e. 7x35

KVA, 2x40 KVA, 2x30 KVA & 2x50 KVA.

2.12 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

During Construction phase- Site clearance waste, spent concrete & cement screening, material

and equipment wrappings, excavated soil, etc. will be generated. Total 9 kg/ day of waste will be

generated from labors which will be treated by vermi-composting and recyclable waste will be

given to approved vendors.

During operation phase- Total 8 Kg/day of Bio-degradable waste and 3 kg/day of recyclable

waste will be generated from the employee and labours. The organic waste will be sent to nearby

municipal site. The Recyclable Waste Collected and given to approved recycler.

Used oil generated from the DG sets will be sent to authorize hazardous waste disposal authority.

The management of solid & hazardous waste is given in Chapter- 9.



2.13 AIR MANAGEMENT

During Construction phase- Construction activities will be mainly done at terminal stations, so

dust emissions will be minimal & in limited areas and dust generation will be minimized by

regular water sprinkling.

During operation phase- Ropeway operation is an environment friendly non-polluting transport

system; the main source of pollution will be the ropeway machineries and DG sets. 7x35 KVA,

2x40 KVA, 2x30 KVA & 2x50 KVA of DG sets are proposed for power supply for which proper

stack height shall be provided as per CPCB norms. As there is no source of power supply thus

DG sets will be used for power supply.

2.14 SITE CLEARANCE AND AFFORESTATION DETAILS

During Construction phase- The alignment falls within a Forest land which needs to be diverted

for development of loading and unloading area. An area of 53,800 sqm (5.38 ha.) of forest land

will be diverted and 493 trees will be required to cut for construction of ropeway terminals for

which compensatory afforestation will be done as per the norms.

During operation phase- In lieu of trees which will be cut during construction phase,

compensatory afforestation in the ratio of 1:10 will be done in the nearby area to the extent

possible. Management of the Ecological Environment is given in Section 9.7 (Environment

Management Plan).

2.15 MAPS OR PLANS RELATED TO THE PROJECT

▪ Topographical Map (1:50000 Scale) showing 10 km Radius of the project site is given as

Enclosure- 8.

▪ Layout Plan & Survey Plan of the ropeway is attached as Enclosure- 7.

▪ Landuse Map of the site is attached as Enclosure- 9.

2.16 TIME FRAME OF THE PROJECT

The project shall be put to tenders after receipt of the clearances. The completion time of the

project shall be 6 months.

2.17 COST OF PROJECT

The cost of project is estimated to be about Rs.62.89 Crores.



CHAPTER 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

EIA report contains a description of existing environment that would be or might be affected

directly or indirectly by proposed project. Environmental baseline monitoring is a very important

stage of EIA. Environmental baseline monitoring, during the operational phase, helps in judging

the success of mitigation measures in protecting the environment.

Environmental facets that ar considered in relation to Construction of “Installation of Material

Ropeway 5 nos. for the construction of Deothal Chanju 30 MW” can be categorized into

following groups:

a) Topography

b) Ambient air quality

c) Noise quality

d) Water quality

e) Soil quality

f) Land use

g) Biological Environment

h) Socio-economic status

The intention of environmental baseline monitoring is not just to describe all baseline conditions

but to focus the collection and description of baseline data on those environmental conditions

that are important and are likely to be affected by the proposed project activities and is included

in impact assessments. The project will be “Installation of Material Ropeway 5 nos. for the

construction of Deothal Chanju 30 MW” located at Village- Dantoi, Tehsil-Churah, District-

Chamba, Himachal Pradesh. At present baseline of the area is discussed in this chapter. As the

terrain of the path is very difficult thus, the locations of sampling have been decided on the basis

of the area that can be approached easily.

3.2 TOPOGRAPHY

The project area constitutes a part of the Chamba Valley and is characterized by rugged

topography comprising high ranges, deep valleys, escarpments and cliff faces. The area



constitutes a part of great Himalayan ranges; older folded cover sequence and crystalline

complex overprinted by Himalayan fold thrust movement. The Valleys in the area are narrow and

deep with steep slopes. The terrain is highly rugged marked with steep slopes. The territory is

wholly mountainous with altitude ranging from 2,000 to 21,000 feet. The highest point in this

hilly area is 5215 mRL almost on the Northern periphery of buffer zone. The lowest point of

buffer zone is 1605 mRL situated in western part.

Drainage

The town of chamba is located at the junction of Ravi River and its tributary, the sal River, with

the Shah Madar hill forming the backdrop on its eastern side. The Ravi flows in east-west

direction forming deep canyons. The main drainage of the area is Bara Nala and its tributary viz

Chanju nala & Deothal nala.

3.3 METHODOLOGY

For the present study, all the sampling locations are marked with the help of topographical maps.

The land use/ land cover map has been generated on 1:50,000 scale using Satellite imagery,

topographical maps, Survey of India and ground truth information. The baseline environmental

quality has been assessed during Winter Season (December 2017 to February 2018).

Meteorological data of IMD station at Dalhousie has been used for the study. Samples of air,

water and soil from the site and nearby areas has been collected and analysed for the study of

existing condition. Primary and secondary data collection has been done by the Ecology and

Biodiversity team for the study of flora and fauna in the core and Buffer Zone.

The baseline data is generated through field study within the impact zone for various components

of the environment viz. Air, Noise, Water, Land, Ecology and Socioeconomic. The baseline

environmental quality has been assessed during Summer Season (December 2017 to February

2018) in a study area of 10 Km radius distance from the project site. While generating the

baseline status of physical and biological environment of the study area, the concept of impact

zone has been considered. The impact zone selection is based on preliminary screening and

modelling studies. The methodology for various environmental facets are as follows:

I. Ambient Air Quality: The ambient air quality monitoring was done to assess the ambient

air quality in one season. Monitoring was carried out in the Winter Season (December 2017



to February 2018). The guidelines for selections of ambient air monitoring stations given in

IS – 5182 parts 14, 2000 were followed.

II. Water Quality: To assess the water quality of the proposed area, sampling was done as per

the standard practice. Grab, integrated and composite sampling was done for ground and

surface water. Water samples were taken as per the Standard Methods (IS & APHA, 22nd

Edition 2012). Necessary precautions were taken for preservation of samples. The physical

parameters viz. pH, temperature and conductivity were measured at site using portable water

analyzer.

III. Ambient Noise Quality: At each station noise level was monitored for 24-hours

simultaneously. For each measurement, dB (A) readings was taken for every 15 minutes for

24 hrs ones in a season to get Leq values.

IV. Soil Quality: For soil, augur method was used and samples were collected at 15 cm depth

after removing the upper crust.

V. Land Use: The land use/ land cover map has been generated on 1:50,000 scale using

Satellite imagery, topographical maps, Survey of India and ground truth information.

VI. Biological Environment: Primary and secondary data collection has been done by the

Ecology and Biodiversity team for the study of flora and fauna in the core and Buffer Zone.

VII. Socio Economic Environment: For demography and socioeconomics, block wise data has

been collected and used for the assessment of impacts.

VIII. Micro-Meteorological Data: Site specific Micro-Meteorological Data has been used for the

study. The important parameters considered are temperature, humidity & wind speed.

3.4 METEOROLOGY

3.4.1 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

The Important parameters considered are temperature, Humidity, Wind Speed, Wind Direction and

Rainfall. The meteorological data from Indian Meteorological Station was processed for the

nearest IMD station at Dalhousie which has been utilized for the study. The extract of Maximum,

Minimum values (month wise) of above said parameters from IMD, Dalhousie (1971-1988) are given

Below in the tables:



(i) Temperature:

The Maximum temperature of the area was recorded as 35.5°C in the month of June and Minimum

temperature of the area was recorded as -8.6°C in the month of January.

S.No. Month Maximum Temperature (°C) Minimum Temperature (°C)

1 January 21.7 -8.6

2 February 29.4 -8.0

3 March 30.7 -1.2

4 April 32.6 0.6

5 May 34.4 2.0

6 June 35.5 8.0

7 July 32.8 8.3

8 August 28.4 11.1

9 September 28.0 8.0

10 October 27.9 -2.2

11 November 25.7 0.1

12 December 23.9 -8.0

TABLE 3.4-1 ANNUAL AIR TEMPERATURE PAST 10 YEARS OF DALHOUSIE

(ii) Relative Humidity

The relative humidity was recorded in between 48 to 86%.

(iii) Rainfall

The annual rainfall of Dalhousie is 1984.7 mm. The annual variation in the rainfall recorded from

past 16 years is given in below table.

S. No. Month Rainfall in mm. (monthly total)

1 January 98.6

2 February 132.4

3 March 119.3

4 April 94.0

5 May 63.6

6 June 157.1

7 July 514.9

8 August 534.6

9 September 160.7

10 October 38.8

11 November 29.5

12 December 41.2

TABLE 3.4-3 RAINFALL PAST 10 YEARS OF DALHOUSIE

(Source: Climatological Table of India, Dalhousie, 1971-1988)



3.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

The ambient air quality monitoring was done to assess the ambient air quality. Monitoring was

carried out at six stations for the month of December-2017 to February-2018.

The guidelines for selections of ambient air monitoring stations given in IS – 5182 parts 14, 2000

were followed. These guidelines state that, “when the objective of air sampling is to identify the

contribution from specific sources of pollution, the sampling locations should be in upwind and

the downwind of such sources”.

The location of air quality monitoring stations should satisfy the following conditions:

1. The site should be representative of the area selected;

2. The station should be set up and operated so as to yield data that can be compared with

those from stations within the network; and,

3. Certain physical requirements should be satisfied at the site.

3.5.1 Sampling Stations

To select the air sampling locations, meteorological data with respect to temperature, relative

humidity, wind speed and direction plays a vital role. Predominant wind direction plays an

important role in determining location of monitoring stations. The monitoring station will be

located in area that is Upwind and Downwind from the source. Location of Air sampling stations

is shown below:

TABLE 3.5-1 SAMPLING LOCATION FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

Station

No. Location Project area / study area Environmental Sitting

A1 Jakhla Village Residential area

Existing Ambient air

quality.

A2 Sumara Village Residential area

A3 Dehra Village Residential area

A4 Kunda Village Residential area

A5 Kalparhi Village Residential area

A6 Dantuee Village Residential area

Air Sampling



FIGURE 3.5-1 AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING LOCATIONS ON 10 KM TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP

Sampling Procedure

Time averaged in – situ sampling was adopted by passing a known volume of air through a trap,

and a collecting medium (filter paper and bubbler). Respirable Dust Sampler was used for the

purpose.



This procedure was adopted because there are no short-term variations and low concentration of

gaseous pollutants was expected.

Analytical methods followed for ambient air quality monitoring:

I. Particulate Matter (PM2.5): (USEPA Quality Assurance Hand Book (Vol.II) Part II,

Quality Assurance Guideline Document,2.12): Particulate Matter (PM2.5) was analyzed

by Gravimetric Method. Particulate matter was collected on the 37 mm dia glass micro

fiber Filter Paper. PM2.5 value is determined from the values of volume of air passes

through Ambient Fine Dust Sampler.

II. Particulate Matter (PM10) (IS:5182 Part 23:2006): Particulate Matter (PM10) was

carried out by Respirable Dust sampler as per IS: 5182(Part 23):2006. Particulate matter

was collected on the GF/A Filter Paper. Particles with aerodynamics diameter less than

the cut-point of the inlet are collected by the filter. The mass of these particles is

determined by the difference in filter weight prior to and after sampling.

III. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) (IS: 5182; Part – II – 2001): Sulphur dioxide is absorbed by

aspirating a measured air sample through a solution of Potassium or sodium

tetrachloromercurate, TCM. This procedure results in the formation of a dichloro sulphite

mercurate complex. The Sulphite Ion produced during sampling is reacted with

sulphamic acid, formaldehyde and pararosaniline to form an azo dye and then determined

colorimetricaly.

IV. Nitrogen Oxides (IS: 5182; Part – VI – 2006): Nitrogen dioxide is collected by

bubbling air through a sodium hydroxide- sodium arsenite solution to form a stable

solution of sodium Nitrite. The Nitrite Ion Produced during sampling is reacted with

hydrogen peroxide, Sulphanilamide and NEDA to form an azodye and then determined

calorimetrically.



AMBIENT AIR QUALITY RESULTS

At each station, Ambient air quality was monitored twice a week for 3 months (December-2017 -

February, 2018) 24 hourly at uniform intervals.

TABLE 3.5-2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY RESULTS OF PM 2.5, PM 10, SO2 & NOX

(Source of Standards: G.S.R 826(E) dated 16th November 2009 of MoEF, Laboratory engaged: M/s Perfact

Researchers Pvt.Ltd. (NABL Accredited)

3.5.2 Data Interpretation

The ambient air quality results are summarized in above tables. The results are discussed below:

A1: Jakhla Village, the mean value of SO2(2.1 µg/m3), NOX (5.2 µg/m3), PM10 (31.8 µg/m3)

& PM2.5 (17.1 µg/m3) are within the limits of National ambient air quality standards.

A2: Sumara Village, the mean value of SO2(2.3 µg/m3), NOX (5.9 µg/m3), PM10 (34.3

µg/m3) & PM2.5 (19.3 µg/m3) are within the limits of National ambient air quality standards.

Lo

cati

o

n

Min. Max.

98

Per

cen

ti

le

Mean Min. Max.

98

Per

cen

ti

le

Mean

PM2.5 (Standard – 60 µg/m3) PM10(Standard – 100 µg/m3)

A1 13.2 20.9 19.9 17.1 24.0 41.3 39.4 31.8

A2 14.9 23.6 22.5 19.3 25.5 43.8 42.7 34.3

A3 16.7 26.4 25.2 21.6 27.0 47.9 46.4 37.0

A4 18.6 29.4 28.1 24.1 28.5 53.3 49.0 39.8

A5 25.0 39.5 37.7 32.3 33.0 71.5 65.1 48.6

A6 20.7 32.6 31.1 26.7 30.0 59.1 53.8 42.6

Loca

tion

Min. Max.

98

Per

c

enti

l

e Mean Min. Max.

98

Per

c

enti

l

e Mean

SO2(Standard – 80 µg/m3) NOx (Standard – 80 µg/m3)

A1 1.6 2.5 2.4 2.1 4.1 6.3 5.9 5.2

A2 1.8 2.8 2.7 2.3 4.6 7.1 6.6 5.9

A3 2.0 3.2 3.0 2.6 5.1 8.0 7.5 6.6

A4 2.2 3.5 3.4 2.9 5.7 8.9 8.3 7.3

A5 3.0 4.7 4.5 3.9 7.7 11.9 11.1 9.8

A6 2.5 3.9 3.7 3.2 6.3 9.9 9.2 8.1



A3: Dehra Village, the mean value of SO2(2.6 µg/m3), NOX (6.6 µg/m3), PM10 (37.0 µg/m3)


A4: Kunda Village, the mean value of SO2(2.9 µg/m3), NOX (7.3 µg/m3), PM10 (39.8 µg/m3)


A5: Kalparhi Village, the mean value of SO2(3.9 µg/m3), NOX (9.8 µg/m3), PM10 (48.6

µg/m3) & PM2.5 (32.3 µg/m3) are within the limits of National ambient air quality standards.

A6: Dantoi Village, the mean value of SO2(3.2 µg/m3), NOX (8.1 µg/m3), PM10 (42.6 µg/m3)

& PM2.5 (26.7 µg/m3) are within the limits of National ambient air quality standards

3.6 NOISE QUALITY

Noise Measurement Locations: To assess the noise level of the proposed area, following stations

were selected.

Location of Noise sampling stations are described below and location are given below.

3.6.1 Sampling Stations

TABLE 3.6-1 SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR NOISE QUALITY

Station

No.

Location Project area / study area Environmental

Significance

N1 Jakhla Village Residential Area

Existing Noise

quality

N2 Sumara Village Residential Area

N3 Dehra Village Residential Area

N4 Kunda Village Residential Area

N5 Kalparhi Village Residential Area

N6 Dantuee Village Residential Area

N7 PWD Road Commercial Area



FIGURE 3.6-1 NOISE SAMPLING LOCATIONS ON 10 KM RADIUS TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP

LOCATIONS OF NOISE SAMPLING:



Methodology

At each station noise level was monitored for 24-hours simultaneously. For each measurement,

dB (A) readings was taken for every 15 minutes for 24 hrs ones in a season to get Leq values.

Noise Quality Results

TABLE 3.6-2 NOISE QUALITY RESULTS

S. No. Locations Category Leq Day

noise level

dB(A)

Leq Night

noise level

dB(A)

Day time

(6.00 A.M to

10.00 P.M)

Night time

(10.00 P.M

to 6.00 A.M)

Standard

(Leq in

dB(A)

Standard

(Leq in

dB(A)

N1 Jakhla Village Residential 48.2 44.1 55 45

N2 Sumara Village Residential 48.4 45.1 55 45

N3 Dehra Village Residential 48.8 45.2 55 45

N4 Kunda Village Residential 49.3 45.7 55 45

N5 Kalparhi Village Residential 49.6 45.3 55 45

N6 Dantuee Village Residential 50.8 46.9 55 45

N7 PWD Road Commercial 58.4 54.5 65 55

(Source of Standards: CPCB standards for Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules, Laboratory:M/s Perfact

Researchers Pvt. Ltd (NABL Accredited)

3.6.2 Data Interpretation:

Results are summarized in above Table.

• The ambient noise level was observed to be in range of 48.2 dB (A)- 50.8 dB (A) which

is within the standard of Residential area are ~ 55 dB (A). During night, the noise at

buffer zone was observed to be in range of 44.1 dB (A)- 46.9 dB (A) which is slighter

higher than the night-time noise standards of 45.0 dB (A) due to the nearby village and

vehicular activities at roads and due to high speed of wind at high altitude.

• The noise of Approach Road (PWD Road) is 58.4 dB(A), which is within the standard of

commercial area are ~ 65.0 dB(A), During night the noise level is 54.5 dB(A)

respectively which is within the standard limits of commercial area ~ 55.0 dB(A).



3.7 WATER REGIME

3.7.1 Geology

Chamba district presents an intricate mosaic of mountain ranges, hills and valleys. It is primarily

a hilly district with altitudes ranging from 600 m amsl to 6400 m amsl. Physiographically the

area forms part of middle Himalayas with high peaks ranging in height from 3000 to 6000 m

amsl. It is a region of complex folding, which has under gone many orogeneses. The topography

of the area is rugged with high mountains and deep dissected by river Ravi and its tributaries.

The rock formations occupying the district range from pre-cambrian to quaternary period. The

generalized geological succession in the district is given below.

Age Formation Lithology

Pleistocene Upper Siwaliks Boulder conglomerate, Sandstone

Pliocene Middle Siwaliks Sandstone, gravel beds, clays etc.

Miocene Lower Siwaliks Shales, Hard Sandstone etc.

Triassic Kalhel formation Light and dark grey limestone with banks of

phyllite and slate

Permian Salooni formation Inter bedded phyllite, light and dark grey

limestone, phyllite, black carbonaceous slate

with schistose quartzite and chert band

Carboniferous Manzir formation Pebbly phyllite, grey green slate with

limestone

Lower to Middle

Paleozoic

Dalhousie/ Dhauladhar

formation

Granite and granite gneiss

Lower Paleozoic Chamba formation Meta siltstones, greywackes, slates and

phyllites.

Physiographically the district can be divided in to two units-viz.

a) High hills, ehich cover almost entire district.

b) Few valleys fill.

Three types of soils observed in the district are:

a) Sandy Loam

b) Loam

c) Sandy Clay loam



3.7.2 Hydrology

Most part of the area is underlain by hard rock formation ranging in age from Paleozoic to

Triassic. These older rocks are devoid of any primary porosity. Ground water movement in these

rocks takes place through joints, fractures and other structural features like schistose plane etc. In

the younger rocks of Tertiary age and in terrace deposits along the major rivers and khads, pore

spaces between sand gravel and tallus material also form the avenues for ground water

movement. Ground water generally occurs under unconfined to semi-confined conditions. State

Irrigation and Public Health Department has drilled hand pumps fitted with the motors

somewhere. The average depth of these hand pumps varies from 35.00 to 70.12 m bgl. Average

depth to water level varies from 10 m bgl to 30 mbgl with variable discharges ranging from .25

to .75 lps. Water table follows the topography and the formations encountered are localized

valley fill deposits consisting of sand, gravels, pebbles & cobbles.

Groundwater Development

The district being hilly & mountainous, traditional sources of ground water mainly springs has

played a major role since past in providing assured irrigation and water supply. These include the

nallas, springs. In some of the areas, at present too these are the only sources of water for the

settlements. However modern means for tapping the ground water have been employed in recent

years.

During the last 15-20 years, Irrigation and Public Health Department has constructed number of

small depth wells fitted with handpumps in these areas. High hill ranges occupy more than 95 %

of the area of the district. During the very past years, the traditional ground water source has

served the settlements. Ground water development on small scale is seen in the valleys areas

particularly in the Chamba town. Handpumps have been installed in these areas and are

energized for the water supply. There exists a scope to explore the potentialities of rest of the

areas for ground water in low lying valley areas. The hilly area of the district is feasible for only

drilling shallow to medium depth bore wells.

Water Conservation & Artificial Recharge-

Based upon the climatic conditions, topography, hydrogeology of the area, suitable structure for

rain water harvesting and artificial recharge to ground water are required. Proper scientific



intervention for spring development and revival is required in water scarce areas. In the hilly

areas, roof top rainwater harvesting structures like storage tanks are recommended while in low

hill ranges, check dam and roof top rainwater / snow harvesting structures can be adopted.

3.8 WATER QUALITY

To assess the water quality of the proposed area, following 7 stations (surface water) were

selected. Location of Water sampling stations is described below and location below:

TABLE 3.8-1 SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR WATER QUALITY

Station No. Location Environmental Significance

SW1 Jakhla Village

Existing water quality nearby locations.

SW2 Sumara Village

SW3 Dehra Village

SW4 Kunda Village

SW5 Kalparhi Village

SW6 Dantuee Mata Temple

SW7 Chanju nallah

Criteria of Selection of sampling Locations:

Water sampling locations were selected based on the following criteria: source of water, flow of

water, geological structure (hydrogeology), use of water, depth of water table etc.

Spring water sample was collected from area to access the quality of water available in the site.

Surface water was collected from downstream to study the chemical parameters. During surface

water sampling flow of water pays an important role. In present study, source of surface water is

Tanged Nala only.

3.8.1 Water Sampling Locations:

As per the standard practice grab sampling was done for 7 locations.



FIGURE 3.8-1: WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS ON 10 KM

TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP

3.8.2 Sampling Frequency and Sampling Techniques:

Water samples were taken as per the Standard Methods (IS & APHA, 22nd Edition 2012).

Necessary precautions were taken for preservation of samples.

The physical parameters viz. pH, temperature and conductivity were measured at site using

portable water analyzer.

As evident from the sampling locations for water quality assessment represented surface water.

The results of water quality assessment are presented below:



SURFACE WATER QUALITY RESULTS OF CORE & BUFFER ZONE:

Table 3-13; Nearby site Water quality results

S.

No. Parameter Unit

IS: 10500

Drinking

Water

Standards

Surface water quality results buffer zone

SW1

Jakhla

Village

(Spring

Water/Supply

water)

SW2

Sumrah

Village

(Spring

Water/Supply

water)

SW3

Dehra Village

(Spring

Water/Supply

water)

SW4

Kunda

Village

(Spring

Water/Supply

water)

SW5

Kalparhi

Village

(Spring

Water/Supply

water)

SW6

Dantuee

Mata Temple

(Spring

Water/Supply

water)

1 Colour Hazen 5 <1 <1 <1

<1 <1 <1

2 Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

3 Turbidity NTU 1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

4 pH Value -- 6.5-8.5 8 8 7.8 7.9 7.95 8

5 Temperature ºC - 23.8 23.2 23.6 23.2 23.1 23.9

6 Conductivity µmhos/cm - 269 270.4 73.65 84.75 103 186

7 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 500 134.5 135.5 36.8 42.34 51.6 92.95

8 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 250 2.00 4.00 4.00 2.00 2.00 2.00

9 Fluoride (as F) mg/l 1.0 0.04 0.16 0.05 0.43 <0.01 0.21

10 Total Hardness mg/l 200 128 128 16 28 40 80

11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 75 19.2 24 3.2 6.4 4.8 19.2

12 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/l 30 19.44 16.52 1.94 2.92 6.80 7.78

13 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l 200 14.65 13.33 16.08 9.47 12.57 14.02

14 Nitrate Nitrogen mg/l 45 3.34 3.37 3.59 2.62 3.64 2.81



(Source of standards: IS: 10500, Laboratory: M/s Perfact Researchers Pvt. Ltd (NABL Accredited)

Boron, Total Chromium, Aluminium, Lithium, Phosphate, Manganese, Copper, Cadmium and Lead are below detection level.

15 Alkalinity mg/l 200 128 192 40 44 48 44

16 Phosphate mg/l 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.01

17 Sodium (as Na) mg/l - 3.2 3.98 1.79 2.04 1.75 2.03

18 Potassium (as K) mg/l - 0.975 1.12 0.625 0.83 1.115 1.005



3.8.3 Data Interpretation of Surface water quality:

The Surface water quality results clearly explains that:

Collected samples are from spring water (Surface water) sources.

1. The Spring water quality at location SW1-Jhakla Village (Spring Water/Supply Water) shows

that pH (8), TDS (134.5 mg/l) & all the parameters are within the range as per standards

(IS:10500). Phosphate (0.04 mg/l) is slightly higher as per Drinking water standards (IS:10500)

2. The Spring water quality at location SW2-Sumara Village (Spring Water/Supply Water) shows

that pH (8), TDS (135.5 mg/l) & all the parameters are within the range as per standards


3. The Spring water quality at location SW3- Dehra Village (Spring Water/Supply Water) shows

that pH (7.8), TDS (36.8 mg/l) & all the parameters are within the range as per standards


4. The Spring water results in the location SW4- Kunda Village (Spring Water/Supply Water)

shows that pH (7.9), TDS (42.34 mg/l) & all the parameters are within the range as per

standards (IS:10500). Phosphate (0.02 mg/l) is slightly higher as per Drinking water standards

(IS:10500)

5. The Spring water results in the location SW5- Kalparhi Village (Spring Water/Supply Water)

shows that pH (7.95), TDS (51.6 mg/l) & all the parameters are within the range as per

standards (IS:10500). Phosphate (0.02 mg/l) is slightly higher as per Drinking water standards

(IS:10500)

6. The Spring water results in the location SW6- Dantoi Village (Spring Water/Supply Water)

shows that pH (8), TDS (92.95 mg/l) & all the parameters are within the range as per standards

(IS:10500).

Conclusion

7. Water can be used for drinking purpose



SURFACE WATER QUALITY (BUFFER ZONE)

Table 3.8-2; Surface water quality results (Buffer Zone)

S.No. Parameters Unit

SW7

Chanju

nallah

(Spring

water)

IS: 10500

(Drinking

Water

Standard)

CPCB Surface water quality criteria

Class ‘A’ Class ‘B’ Class

‘C’

Class

‘D’

Class

‘E’

1 Colour Hazen <1 5 - - - - -

2 Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable - - - - -

3 Turbidity NTU <0.5 < 1 - - - - -

4 pH Value -- 7.8 6.5-6.8 6.5-6.8 6.5-8.5 6-9 6.5-8.5 6-8.5

5 Temperature ºC 24.1 - - - - - -

6 Conductivity µmhos/cm 243 - - - - - 2250

7 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 121.5 500 - - - - -

8 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 4.00 250 - - - - -

9 Total Hardness mg/l 100 200 - - - - -

10 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 28.8 75 - - - - -

11 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/l 6.80 30 - - - - -

12 Iron (as Fe) mg/l <0.04 0.3 - - - - -



13 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l 105.69 200 - - - - -

14 Nitrate Nitrogen mg/l

2.33 45 - - - - -

15 Alkalinity mg/l 68 200 - - - - -

16 Phosphate mg/l 0.1 0.01 - - - - -

17 Sodium (as Na) mg/l 2.66 - - - - - -

18 Potassium (as K) mg/l 2.66 - - - - - -

19 BOD mg/l <0.1 - ≤2 ≤3 ≤3 - -

20 COD mg/l <1 - - - - - -

21 DO mg/l 4.2 - ≥6 ≥5 ≥4 - -

22 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 2.9 - - - - - -

Laboratory: M/s Perfact Researchers Pvt. Ltd (NABL Accredited)

Aluminium, Lithium, Total Chromium, Fluoride, Lead, Phosphate, Cadmium, Surfactant, Phenols, Arsenic, Cyanide, Selenium, Mercury,

PCB, PAH, Nickel, Manganese, Copper, Boron and Ammonical Nitrogen are below detection level



3.8.4 Data Interpretation: Data Interpretation of surface water quality (Buffer zone):

1. The Surface water quality of the Chanju Nala shows that all the parameters are within the IS

10500 (Drinking water standard) and CPCB Water Quality Criteria Class of water ‘A’, ‘B’,

‘C’, ‘D’ & ‘E’.

3.9 SOIL QUALITY

To assess the soil quality of the proposed area, following stations were selected. Soil profile and

quality was studied at 6 different locations. Location of Soil sampling stations is described

below.

3.9.1 Sampling Locations

TABLE 3.9-1 SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR SOIL QUALITY

Station

No.

Location Project area / Study area Environmental

Significance

S1 Sumrah Village Forest Land

Existing Soil

quality in nearby

areas

S2 Dehra Village Forest Land

S3 Kunda Village Forest Land

S4 Kalparhi Village Forest Land

S5 Dantuee Village Forest Land

S6 Deothal Forest Land



FIGURE 3.9-1 SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS ON 10 KM TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP

3.9.2 Locations of soil sampling stations



3.9.3 Sampling procedure & Analysis:

Augur method was used and samples were collected at 15 cm depth after removing the upper

crust. Sample from each spot were well mixed with hand on a clean polythene sheet. About 1 kg

of soil was retained after process of quartering. This sample was kept for some time for air-

drying at room temperature, stored in polythene bag with label at the top. Samples were analysed

for bulk density, pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and organic contents. Soil

Quality Results are summarized below.



ONSITE PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL

TABLE 3.9-2;SOIL QUALITY RESULTS

S. No. Parameter S1

Sumrah Village S2

Dehra Village

S3

Kunda

Village

S4

Kalpari

Village

S5

Dantuee

Village

S6

Deothal

Physical Properties

1 Colour

3/4 Brown

3/3 Dark

Brown

3/1 Brownish

Black

3/2 Brownish

Black

2/2 Brownish

Black 3/4 Brown

2 Composition (%)

Sand: 12.0

Silt: 3.2

Clay: 84.8

Sand: 14.3

Silt: 3.7

Clay: 82.0

Sand: 2.7

Silt: 3.4

Clay: 93.9

Sand: 8.0

Silt: 4.3

Clay: 87.7

Sand: 14.9

Silt: 7.7

Clay: 77.4

Sand: 3.1

Silt: 6.5

Clay: 90.4

3 Moisture Content (%) 68.2 56.8 57.2 70.3 33.8 68.2

4 Conductivity (µS/cm) 82.9 85.1 46.8 95.0 68.0 137.5

5 Bulk Density (gm/cc) 1.23 1.21 1.25 1.31 1.28 1.24

6 Porosity (%) 29.7 29.9 28.9 27.6 28.1 29.4

Chemical Properties

1 Texture Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay

2 pH 7.0 6.6 6.0 6.1 6.8 7.0

3 Available Nitrogen (mg/kg) 150.0 110.0 165.0 195.0 180.0 160.0

4 Available Phosphorous (mg/kg) 16.1 12.0 34.2 5.5 51.0 15.8

5 Available Potassium (mg/kg) 85.0 43.9 27.6 52.9 64.6 128.5

8 Organic matter (%) 3.24 2.60 3.20 4.82 3.38 3.10

9 Nitrate Nitrogen (mg/kg) 86.4 61.2 94.9 107.4 98.4 92.0



(LABORATORY: M/S PERFACT RESEARCHERS PVT. LTD (NABL ACCREDITED)

10 Chloride (mg/kg) 115.4 97.6 71.0 88.8 71.0 133.1

11 Available Sulphur (mg/kg) 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2

12 Exchangeable Sodium (mg/kg) 211.7 185.7 199.7 197.7 382.8 256.7

13 Cation Exchange

Capacity(meq/100gm) 88.1 71.1 53.0 89.3 50.5 200.6

14 Bi carbonate(mg/kg) 48.8 48.8 73.2 48.8 73.2 48.8

15 Orthophosphate(mg/kg) 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.4 2.1 0.5


3.9.4 Data Interpretation

Buffer Zone: The result shows that texture of soil has Clay texture. Colour varies from Brown to

Blackish Brown, pH ranges from 6.0 to 7.0. Amount of primary nutrients like Organic matter

2.60% to 4.82 %, the available nitrogen 110 mg/kg to 195.0 mg/kg is lower to medium in range,

the available phosphorus 5.5 mg/kg- 51.0 mg/kg is low to high in range, available potassium

27.6 mg/kg to 128.5 mg/kg is low to high in range, Primary nutrient profile shows that soil is

average fertile due to the availability of low amount of nitrogen, available potassium & available

phosphorous.

Primary nutrient profile shows average fertile soil along the stretch. Nitrogen is the most

important fertilizer element. Plants respond quickly to application of nitrogen. This element

encourages above ground vegetative growth and gives a deep green color to the leaves &

Potassium is the third essential fertilizer element and it is essential for photosynthesis, for protein

synthesis, for starch formation and for the translocation of sugars. So, the addition of bio

fertilizers will enhance the fertility of soil.

3.10 LAND USE

Information on land use/ land cover is the basic prerequisite for land resource evaluation,

environmental assessment, utilization and management. A considerable degree of land

transformations is being witnessed because of growing population pressure on the finite land

resources consummating in deterioration of the environment. As a precursor, it is necessary to

understand the ‘cause and effect' of the transformations through scientific studies. The scope of

the present study is limited to mapping the current land use / land cover pattern, their assessment,

spatial distribution and extent using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The land environment

will mainly deal with the land use, land cover within and buffer zone.

3.10.1 METHODOLOGY

Image processing software and GIS Software were used for the project. Image Processing

Software was used for digital processing of the spatial data. Digital image processing techniques

were applied for the mapping of the land use/land cover classes of the provided area from the

satellite data. The methodology applied comes under following steps:



•Satellite imagery for the Area of Interest was created through image processing software.

•Geometric correction includes correction for geometric distortions due to sensor, earth geometry

variations and conversion of the data to real world coordinates.

•Image enhancement is one of the important image processing functions primarily done to

improve the appearance of the imagery to assist in visual interpretation and analysis.

•Google image is used as a reference map for base layer preparation.

•Visual interpretation technique has been used for digitization of geographical feature for

different land use and vegetation cover classes based on spatial pattern of geographic feature.

3.10.2 RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:

Land use Buffer zone:

The land use/ land cover map has been generated on 1:50,000 scale using Satellite Imagery and

ground truth information. Based on the methodology developed for the present land use/ land

cover, categories have been grouped under the following major land use/land cover categories.

S No. Category Area in

SQ Km Area in Ha Percentage

1 Agriculture Land 10.10 1010.26 2.26

2 Barren Land 22.58 2258.41 5.05

3 Built-up, Rural 0.41 40.61 0.09

4 Forest, Deciduous 0.95 95.49 0.21

5 Forest, Evergreen/Semi Evergreen 164.12 16412.24 36.66

6 Forest, Scrub Forest 9.59 958.61 2.14

7 Grass/Grazing 143.01 14301.13 31.95

8 Scrub Land 5.37 536.80 1.20

9 Snow and Glacier 89.73 8973.24 20.05

10 Water Bodies, River/Canal 1.78 177.75 0.40

Total 447.65 44764.56 100.00

Built-up: Built-up land includes the urban or rural settlements. The village locations and their area extent have been

extracted from the existing Satellite Imagery. The major built-up area is about 40.61 hectares which is

0.09 percent of the total 10 km radius study area.



Agriculture Land:

Based on Satellite Imagery and ground truth the total Agriculture land is about 1010.26 hectares

which is 2.26 percent of the total study area.

Forest:

Based on Satellite Imagery and ground truth the land use is mainly forest land. The total forest

area is about 17466.35 hectares which is 39.02 percent of the total study area.

Waste/ Barren land:

Based on Satellite Imagery and ground truth Waste/ Barren land their area extent has been

extracted. The Barren land area is about 2795.22 hectares which is 6.24 percent of the total 10

km radius study area.

Water bodies:

Based on Satellite Imagery and ground truth Water bodies their area extent has been extracted.

This area is about 177.75 hectares which is 0.40 percent of the total 10 km radius study area.

Snow and Glacier:

Based on Satellite Imagery and ground truth snow and glacier area extent has been extracted.

This area is about 8973.24 hectares which is 20.05 percent of the total 10 km radius study area.

Grass/Grazing:

Based on Satellite Imagery and ground truth grass/grazing area extent has been extracted. This

area is about 14301.13 hectares which is 31.95 percent of the total 10 km radius study area.



3.11 FLORA AND FAUNA

A natural ecosystem is a complete community of living organisms and non-living constituents in

a given area and their interactions. An ecosystem is capable of self-sustaining ability and

regulating the number of organisms at any level by cybernetic rules. The basic purpose to

explore the biological environment under Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to assess

the potential ecological impacts of the proposed project upon ecology and develop adequate

mitigation measures to keep ecological impacts within acceptable limits. An ecological survey of

the study area was conducted, particularly with reference to listing of species and assessment of

the existing baseline ecological conditions in the study area. The main objective of the ecological



survey is aimed at assessing the existing flora and fauna components in the study area. Data has

been collected through extensive survey of the area with reference to flora and fauna.

With the change in environmental conditions, the vegetation cover as well as animals reflects

several changes in its structure, density and composition. The proposed study area was carried

out in Chamba, Himanchal Pradesh. The Project area is dominantly occupied by thick Cedrus

deodara, Rhododendron arboreum, Quercus semecarpifolia, lyonia ovalifolia, Berberis lycium

etc. The present study was carried out separately for floral and faunal community of core and

buffer zone respectively.

Need to study:

The present study was undertaken with the following objectives:

• To assess the species diversity and distribution of vegetation in and around the project

site (within 10 km. radii)

• To assess the animal life spectra (within 10 km radii)

To achieve the above objectives a study area was undertaken. The different methods adopted

were as follows:

• Compilation of secondary data with respect to the study area from published literature

and various government agencies;

• Generation of primary data by undertaking systematic ecological studies in the area

Methodology for the study of Flora and Fauna:

Methodology for Study of Flora:

During the study, the floral composition of the area was evaluated through primary survey. The

local inhabitants were also consulted to get extra information. Plant Species are counted and

identified within core zone with the help of quadrate method. The size of the quadrate was based

on the area size. For the survey 10 X 10 m plot are selected for vegetation analysis and for the

buffer zone estimated with the help of line transect and random survey method.

Methodology for study of Fauna:

Different species were observed at different timing during the day



Bird: Birds were watched during dawn.

Nocturnal and Burrowing animals: After Sunset.

Animals: Morning & Evening

Collection of Secondary Data

Secondary data is collected from the Forest Department, Working Plan of the Area other relevant

records such as plantation journals and records of wild life / forest offence cases.

Introduction of the project highlighting the Environmental sensitivity:

The proposed project is construction of Material Ropeways for Chanju III HEP (48 MW)

Hydroelectric Project at Village- Dantoi, District- Chamba, Himanchal Pradesh. Entire project

alignment falls within a forest land for development of loading and unloading stations. Total 37

Reserve and protected forest falls within the buffer zone area.

Types of Forest:

Himachal Pradesh is situated in the northwest of India in the Himalayan ranges. It has a total

geographical area of 5.57 million ha. The State has more than 25 per cent of its total geographic

area under forest cover, which includes very dense, moderately dense, open forest and scrub

(FSI, 2009). The proposed project area falls in Chamba district which recorded to have more

than 16 per cent of their total area covered with forest. Based on the primary survey as well as

secondary data sources, the pre-dominant forest types assessed during field survey was classified

following “A revised survey of forest types in India” by Champion and Seth (1968) as described

below:

• Himalayan Wet Temperate Forest

• Himalyan Dry Temperate Forest

• Dry Alpine Forests

• Moist Alpine Scrub Forests

• Sub-tropical Pine forests

• Sub-tropical Broad-Leaved hill forests

a) Himalayan Wet Temperate Forest



This type of forests is mainly confined to lowest portion of the temperate belt, particularly in the

outer ranges and also observed in Project area. Quercus leucotrichophora and Quercus

floribunda forest is the predominate in this area with admixture other secondary evergreen sub-

species like Rhododendron arboreum, Lyonia ovalifolia and Litsea spp., etc. The leaves of

Quercus species are extensively used for fodder hence these forests are heavily lopped.

b) Himalayan Dry Temperate Forest

This type of forests has Composition of Blue pine (21.88), Oaks (18.76), Conifers mixed with

hardwoods (15.63), Fir (12.51), Mixed conifers (9.37), Deodar (6.24), Oak Rhododendrom

Forest (6.24), Spruce (3.12), Fir spruce (3.12), Upland hardwoods (3.12). A great variety of

species like broad leafed temperate evergreen trees like oaks, laurels, chestnuts, walnuts etc.

c) Dry Alpine and Moist Alpine Scrub Forest

The Alpine forests occur all aong the Himalayas at higher altitudes. The dry alpine scrub is the

uppermost limit of scrub xerophytic, dwarf shrubs and found in diy zone. Juniper, honeysuckle,

artemisia, potentilla etc. are important species. The moist alpine scrub is a low evergreen dense

growth of rhododendron, birch, berberis and honeysuckle which occurs from 3,000 m and

extends upto snowline.

d) Sub-tropical Pine Forest

The Himalayas sub tropical pine forests are confined to Nepal, Bhutan, States of J&K, Himachal

Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh in Northern India and Pakistan in the west. The sub tropical pine

forests are mainly classified into types-Lower Siwalik Chir Pine and Upper (Himalayan) Chir

pine forest. The vegetation of the Himalayan subtropical pine forests consists of pure roxhurghii.

Among the forests in the Himalayan region Shisham, Teak, Sal, Pine, Fir, Juniper and

Rhododendron are mostly seen. Several variety of medicinal herbs that are specially found in this

region.

e) Sub-tropical Broad-Leaved Hill Forest

This type of forest extends from the middle hills of Central Nepal through Darjeeling into

Bhutan. The soil is composed of alluvium deposited over the ages by the rivers thatd rain this



young mountain range. The main forest types include Dodoaea scrub, subtropical dry evergreen

forests of Olea Cuspidata, northern dry mixed deciduous forests.

Selection of Sampling Location for the study of Flora and Fauna:

• Core Zone: Core Zone is the area where project is to be constructed. The proposed

project is construction of Material Ropeways for Chanju III HEP (48 MW) Hydroelectric

Project at Village- Dantoi, District- Chamba, Himanchal Pradesh. All the flora and fauna

of core zone has been recorded during the survey.

• Buffer Zone: The zone falling with in 10Km radius around the project area. For

sampling purpose, buffer zone is further divided in 2 Km and 5 Km. Patches of flora is

studied in 4 locations within 2 km, 5 locations within 5 Km. Location of flora is given

below. Fauna is recorded randomly.

Table for location

S. No Name of location Distance & Direction

1. Dehra Reserve forest 0.17 Km

2. Jured Reserve forest 1.26 Km, North

3. Sundari 2.06 Km West

4. Chachoga 3.41 Km, WNW

Sample location Map



Description of Core Zone with flora and Fauna Details:

Core Zone:

S. No Botanical Name Common Name

1. Bunium persicum Black Cumin

2. Cedrus Deodara Deodara

3. Corylus jacquemontii Decne Wild almond

4. Cannabis sativa Bhang

5. Lyonia ovalifolia Angeri

6. Picea smithiana Spruce

7. Rhododendron arboreum Burans

8. Quercus leucotrichophora Banj Oak

9. Quercus semecarpifolia Kharsu Oak

10. Indigofera heterantha Kathi

11. Berberis aristata barberry

12. Rubus ellipticus Himalayan raspberry

Buffer Zone species

Varieties trees, shrubs, wild flowering and medicinal plants such as, Quercus semecarpifolia,

Cannabis sativa, Cedrus deodara, Rhododendron arboreum etc.

Tree species

S. No Botanical Name Common name

13. Abies pindrow Silver fir

14. Acacia catechu Khair

15. Acer caesium Maple

16. Aesculus indica Khanor house Chestnut

17. Ailanthus excelsa Ailanthus

18. Albizia stipulata Siris

19. Alnus nepalensis Piyakh

20. Betula utilis Bhojpatra

21. Buxus sempervirens Shamshad

22. Cedrela serrata Darle

23. Cedrus deodara Devdar

24. Celtis australis Khirak

25. Citrus macrophylla Bhutia Badam

26. Cornus medica Nimbu

27. Corylus jacquemontii Thangi

28. Cupressus torulosa Saru (Himalayan Cypress)

29. Debregeasia hypoleuca Siaru

30. Ficus auriculata Tiambla



31. Ficus palmata Fagura

32. Ficus religiosa Pipal

33. Fraxinus floribunda Ash

34. Fraxinus xanthoxyloides Sainjal

35. Grewia optiva Beul

36. Ilex dipyrena Kanderu

37. Jacaranda mimosifolia Jacaranda

38. Juglans regia Akhrot

39. Litsea spp. Chiluth

40. Lyonia ovalifolia Alan

41. Melia azedarach Darek

42. Morus serrata Kinu

43. Olea cuspidata Kahu

44. Phoenix humilis Khajoor

45. Picea smithiana Rai

46. Picea smithiana Rai

47. Pieris ovalifolia Kambhal

48. Pinus roxburghii Chir pine

49. Pinus Wallichiana Blue Pine

50. Pistacia integerrima Kakkar

51. Populus ciliata Pahari papal

52. Populus ciliata Popular

53. Prunus armeniaca Apricot

54. Prunus armeniaca Chihri

55. Pseudunela cornuta Paja

56. Pyrus pashia Wild Pear

57. Quercus floribunda Moru Oak

58. Quercus glauca Oak

59. Quercus leucotrichophora Oak

60. Quercus semecarpifolia. kharsu

61. Rhododendron arboreum Burans

62. Rhus punjabensis Titri

63. Robinia pseudoacacia Black locust

64. Salix denticulata Majnu

65. Sapindus mukorossi Reetha

66. Terminalia bellirica Bahera

67. Terminalia chebula Harad

68. Ulmus wallichiana Cherry Bark Elm

Shrub, herbs & wild medicinal plants



S. No Botanical Name Common name

1. Agave americana Ramban

2. Adhatoda Vasica Adathoda

3. Artemisia vulgaris Mugwort

4. Arundinaria falcata Nees

5. Arisaema wallichianum Cobra Lily

6. Bauhinia vahlii Taur

7. Berberis aristata Indian barberry

8. Bambusa arundinacea Indian thorny bamboo

9. Carissa spinarum Bush plum

10. Clematis montana Himalayan clematis

11. Cannabis sativa Bhang

12. Colebrookea oppositifolia Binda

13. Cotoneaster bacillaris Renus

14. Condalia microphylla Chamror

15. Daphne cannabina Caula

16. Desmodium tiliaefolium Murt

17. Deutzia corymbosa Philru

18. Dodonaea viscosa Hop Bush

19. Euphorbia royleana Danda Thor

20. Fragaria vesca wild strawberry

21. Flacourtia ramontchi Kandel

22. Hedera helix Common ivy

23. Indigofera pulchella Neela

24. Lantana camara Lantana

25. Murraya Koenigii Curry tree

26. Myrsine africana Banwan

27. Ricinus communis Castor

28. Rosa macrophylla Jungligulab

29. Rubus ellipticus Raspberry

30. Rosa moschata Wild Rose

31. Sarcococca saligna Sheha

32. Smilax parvifolia Ram datum

33. Skimmia laureola Shashru

34. Solanum indicum Wild Tobacco

35. Spiraea canescens Jhar Mairala

36. Strobilanthes atropurpureus Mashna

37. Thymus serpyllum Wild Jawain



38. Vitis himalayana Pan bel

39. Woodfordia fruticosa Dhau

40. Zanthoxylum alatum Tirmir

(Source: Forest Department Chamba and primary survey by Ecology & Biodiversity team)

Cropping Pattern: Apple and other seasonal fruit like Pear, Plum, Apricot are the cash crop in

Chamba, Himanchal Pradesh apart from this the major crop grown are Barley, Maize, Wheat,

vegetables include Potato, Ginger, Soyabean, oilseeds and pulses grow in Chamba.

Faunal Community:

Core Zone: During study, it was found that the faunal diversity in the core site was limited to

Butterflies, insects, some species of mammals & reptile. The core site has avifauna species like

crow, pigeon, sparrow parrot, etc.

Fauna of Core Zone:

TYPE COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME SCHEDULE

Reptiles:

1 Himalayan pit viper Gloydius himalayanus II

2 Rock Lizard Petrosaurus mearnsi -

3 Indian Cobra Naja naja II

4 Rat snake Ptyas mucosa II

Mammals:

5 Three striped palm squirrels Funambulus palmarum IV

6 Rhesus Macaque Macaca mulatta II

7 Langur Presbytis entellus II

8 Grey Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii II

9 Indian porcupine Hystrix indica IV

10 Jungle cat Felis chaus II

11 Wild Boar Sus scrofa domesticus III

12 Sheep Ovius polic IV

13 Horse Equus cabilus IV

14 Ass Equus hermionus IV

Aves:

15 Crow Corvus splendens V

16 House Sparrow Passer domesticus -

17 Pigeon Columba livia IV

18 Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer IV

19 Black Kite Milvus sp IV



20 Jungle Myna Acridotheres fuscus IV

21 Sunbird Cinnyris asiaticus IV

22 Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopaceus -

23 Barn swallow Hirundo rustica -

24 Western Crowned Warbler Phylloscopus occipitalis -

25 Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis

26 Blue Whistling Thrush Myophonus caeruleus

Insects:

27 Butterflies Rhopalocera sp -

28 Common Castor Ariadne mprione -

29 Wasps Vespa orientalis -

30 Dragonfly Agrian sp -

31 Honey Bee Apis indica -

32 House fly Musca domestica -

Fauna of Buffer zone:

TYPE COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME SCHEDULE

Amphibian

1 Indian Bullfrog Rana tigerina IV

2 Asian Common toad Bufo melanostictus IV

Mammals

1 Tendua Panthera pardus I

2 Wild boar Sus scrofa III

3 Barking deer Munticacus muntjak III

4 Musk deer Moschus moschiferus -

5 Sambar Cervus unicolor III

6 Rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta II

7 Langur Presbytis entellus II

9 Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus IV

10 Fox Vulpes bengalensis II

11 Jungle cat Felis chaus II

12 Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii II

13 Bat Pteropodidae V

14 Common palm civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus II

15 Indian porcupine Hystrix indica IV

Reptiles:

1 Himalayan pit viper Gloydius himalayanus II

2 Indian Cobra Naja naja II

3 Rat snake Ptyas mucosa II

4 Krait Bungarus sp. IV



5 Rock Lizard Petrosaurus mearnsi -

Aves:

1 Owl Strigiformes sps. IV

2 Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos IV

3 Rock pigeon Columba livia IV

4 Common myna Acridotheres tristis IV

5 Himalayan monal Lophophorus impejanus I

6 Kingfisher Alcedo atthis IV

7 Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus IV

8 Indian blue robin Larvivora brunnea IV

9 Jungle Myna Acridotheres fuscus IV

10 Shikra Lanius excubitor IV

11 Sunbird Cinnyris asiaticus IV

(Source: Forest Department & Primary survey by Ecology & Biodiversity team)

ENDANGERED SPECIES

There are three schedule I Species found in buffer zone namely Panthera pardus (Leopard), and

Lophophorus impejanus (Himalayan monal). Eight schedule II species were also reported in the

buffer zone namely Herpestes edwardsii (Common Mongoose), Macaca mulatta (Rhesus

macaque), Presbytis entellus (Langur), Vulpes bengalensis (Fox), Felis chaus (Jungle cat),

Gloydius himalayanus (Himalayan pit viper), Rat snake (Ptyas mucosa) & Naja naja (Cobra).

3.12 SOCIOECONOMIC SCENARIO

Concept & Definitions

a. Study Area: The study area, also known as impact area has been defined as the sum total

of core area and buffer area with a distance of 10 Kilometres from the periphery of the

core area. The study area includes all the land marks both natural and manmade, falling

therein.

b. QoL: The Quality of Life (QoL) refers to degree to which a person enjoys the important

possibilities of his/her life. The ‘Possibilities’ result from the opportunities and

limitations, each person has in his/her life and reflect the interaction of personal and

environmental factors. Enjoyment has two components: the experience of satisfaction and

the possession or achievement of some characteristic.



c. Household: A group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a

common kitchen are called a household. Persons living in a household may be related or

unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of related or unrelated persons live in a

house but do not take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not part of a

common household. Each such person is treated as a separate household. There may be

one-member households, two-member households or multi-member households.

d. Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is the ratio of females to males in a given population. It is expressed

as 'number of females per 1000 males'.

e. Literates: All persons aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with

understanding in any language are taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to

have received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard for

being treated as literate. People who are blind but can read in Braille are also treated as

literates.

f. Literacy Rate: Literacy rate of population is defined as the percentage of literates to the

total population aged 7 years and above.

g. Labour Force: The labour force is the number of people employed and unemployed in a

geographical entity. The size of the labour force is the sum total of persons employed and

unemployed. An unemployed person is defined as a person not employed but actively

seeking work. Normally, the labour force of a country consists of everyone of working

age (around 14 to 16 years) and below retirement (around 65 years) that are participating

workers, that is people actively employed or seeking employment. People not counted

under labour force are students, retired persons, stay-at home people, people in prisons,

permanently disabled persons and discouraged workers.

h. Work: Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or

without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental

in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and

direction of work. The work may be part time, full time, or unpaid work in a farm, family

enterprise or in any other economic activity.

i. Worker: All persons engaged in 'work' are defined as workers. Persons who are engaged

in cultivation or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as

workers.



j. Main Workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference

period (i.e. 6 months or more in the case of a year) are termed as Main Workers.

k. Marginal Workers: Those workers who did not work for the major part of the reference

period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as Marginal Workers

l. Work participation rate: The work participation rate is the ratio between the labour

force and the overall size of their cohort (national population of the same age range). In

the present study the work participation rate is defined as the percentage of total workers

(main and marginal) to total population.

Study Area

The study area means villages in 10 km radius of the proposed Ropeway project. Topographical

map and Google earth maps were used to identify the wards in 10 km radius.

As a matter of fact, all the surrounding area is part of rural inhabitation. A total of 35 villages in

Chamba district falls within the study area. The total population of the study area is 15760

constituting 2791 households. The sex ratio of the study area as per census 2011 records at 941,

whereas the sex ratio of the districts Mathura involved is 986.

List of villages In Study Area

As mentioned above that there are 35 villages in Chamba district are falling within study area as

given ahead —

District – Chamba, HimanchalPradesh

SL.No. Name of village SL.No. Name of village SL.No. Name of village

1 Bharara (454) 13 Jungrar (531) 25 Maihla (486)

2 Shimbra (456) 14 Phanaota (494) 26 Sundari (489)

3 Dehra (521) 15 Gewa (496) 27 Dehra (485)

4 Gadiog (507) 16 Baghai Garh (465) 28 Kunda (483)

5 Utpur (506) 17 Paraba (468) 29 Mawa (293)

6 Bhatrudi (459) 18 Khander (467) 30 Sanotha (248)

7 Dhar Tundara (460) 19 Chachoga (466) 31 Oil (254)

8 Katwar (461)

20 Jhakla (488)

32 Silla Gharat

(253)

9 Deola (504) 21 Suala (487) 33 Ghagrauta (252)

10 Drabbar (528) 22 Bharandui (469) 34 Maingal (250)

11 Sarana (538) 23 Mawa (473) 35 Thundu (251)



12 Kareri (530) 24 Juri (476)

Demographic Profile of Study Area

A study was undertaken with respect to demography, occupational pattern, literacy rate and other

important socio-economic indicators of these villages to reveal the socio-economic structure of

the entire project area. The summary is given below:

Population

The total rural population of the study area falling in Mathura district is 15760 constituting 2791

households. The sex ratio of the study area as per census 2011 records is 941, whereas the sex

ratio of the districts involved is 986.

Social Structure

The proportion of Scheduled Caste (SC) rural population within the study area is 31.2% whereas

this proportion in the districts involved in 21.5%. The proportion of Scheduled tribe (ST)

population within the study area is 24.7% whereas this proportion in the districts involved in

26.1%.

Literacy

The total proportion of rural literate within the study area is 58.8% of total population. The

proportion of Male literates and female literates within the study area is 69.7% and 47.1%

respectively.

Detailed profile of study area is given below (source: Census of India, 2011)

Sl.

No. Name

Demographic Features of the study area based on Census data 2011

No. of

HHs

Total

Popul

ation

Sex

Ratio SC% ST%

Overall

Literacy

%

Male

Literacy %

Female

Literacy %

1 Bharara (454) 214 1208 967 46.8% 1.3% 62.7% 77.5% 47.4%

2 Shimbra (456) 130 654 896 6.7% 11.3% 55.2% 68.5% 40.4%

3 Dehra (521) 90 491 1021 29.3% 12.0% 69.8% 84.1% 55.6%

4 Gadiog (507) 62 307 919 4.2% 1.6% 58.6% 69.1% 47.7%

5 Utpur (506) 42 212 945 44.3% 18.4% 56.6% 71.7% 41.1%

6 Bhatrudi (459) 152 734 911 31.2% 32.0% 50.9% 58.4% 42.6%

7 Dhar Tundara (460) 2 24 1182 0.0% 100.0% 16.7% 22.2% 11.1%

8 Katwar (461) 123 678 1012 34.1% 40.3% 44.5% 55.7% 33.7%



9 Deola (504) 59 302 1054 20.5% 43.0% 75.5% 87.1% 63.9%

10 Drabbar (528) 96 588 832 21.8% 2.0% 46.0% 56.5% 32.9%

11 Sarana (538) 19 134 1094 33.6% 0.0% 58.0% 67.3% 49.1%

12 Kareri (530) 57 377 995 26.0% 0.0% 58.3% 63.1% 53.5%

13 Jungrar (531) 33 191 990 0.0% 0.0% 74.0% 85.7% 62.4%

14 Phanaota (494) 33 179 946 12.8% 0.0% 69.1% 81.4% 55.7%

15 Gewa (496) 45 248 908 80.6% 2.8% 63.3% 69.9% 56.3%

16 Baghai Garh (465) 64 326 964 59.5% 29.4% 74.3% 86.2% 61.8%

17 Paraba (468) 68 421 931 30.2% 21.4% 54.9% 68.9% 40.4%

18 Khander (467) 54 339 960 0.0% 42.8% 51.9% 61.4% 42.7%

19 Chachoga (466) 82 426 1048 18.1% 20.0% 74.2% 84.1% 64.7%

20 Jhakla (488) 136 756 904 56.1% 11.1% 64.5% 77.0% 50.3%

21 Suala (487) 238 1277 883 32.9% 21.7% 60.7% 72.6% 47.4%

22 Bharandui (469) 129 710 816 58.6% 21.1% 57.5% 67.6% 44.8%

23 Mawa (473) 36 233 806 43.8% 18.5% 48.5% 58.9% 36.0%

24 Juri (476) 53 362 838 0.0% 98.3% 23.1% 36.0% 7.6%

25 Maihla (486) 58 324 952 38.6% 9.3% 66.4% 71.9% 60.8%

26 Sundari (489) 33 218 1096 31.2% 0.0% 43.1% 41.8% 44.4%

27 Dehra (485) 47 270 985 94.4% 0.0% 60.6% 71.6% 49.0%

28 Kunda (483) 64 361 1006 31.0% 14.7% 63.1% 69.6% 56.3%

29 Mawa (293) 91 450 1045 74.4% 0.4% 77.0% 90.1% 64.5%

30 Sanotha (248) 62 406 990 0.0% 82.0% 53.4% 63.6% 41.8%

31 Oil (254) 101 550 957 30.9% 68.7% 68.3% 80.5% 54.8%

32 Silla Gharat (253) 101 601 977 0.2% 31.1% 51.9% 59.0% 44.4%

33 Ghagrauta (252) 112 638 945 2.7% 39.8% 58.6% 68.8% 47.9%

34 Maingal (250) 62 454 932 0.0% 81.1% 47.0% 65.3% 29.0%

35 Thundu (251) 43 311 896 62.4% 25.7% 71.0% 81.0% 61.3%

Total 2791 15760 941 31.2% 24.7% 58.8% 69.7% 47.1%

It may be seen be seen from the above table that total rural population of the villages of district

Chamba falling in the study area is 15760, varying between 24 in Dhar Tundara to 1208 in

Bharara. Sex ratio was found to be varying from 806 in Mawa to 1094 in Sarana. The proportion

of SC% was observed to be varying between nil in Sanotha to 94.4 Dehra. The proportion of

ST% was observed nil in Dehra, Sundari to 100% in Dhar Tundara. The overall literacy rates

were found to be varying from 16.7% in Dhar Tundara to 74.3% in Baghai Garh. Female literacy

rates of Juri (7.6%) were observed to be minimum across all 35 villages of study area.

Work Profile of Study Area

The work profile of the villages of Chamba district falling within study area is depicted in the

table given below —



Sl.

No.

Name Total

Population

Total

Worker

Total

Male

Worker

Total

Female

Worker

Total Main

Worker

Total

Marginal

Worker

1 Bharara (454) 1208 64.7% 49.2% 50.8% 27.0% 73.0%

2 Shimbra

(456)

654 55.5% 52.1% 47.9% 24.5% 75.5%

3 Dehra (521) 491 70.1% 50.0% 50.0% 35.2% 64.8%

4 Gadiog (507) 307 54.1% 55.4% 44.6% 27.7% 72.3%

5 Utpur (506) 212 53.8% 53.5% 46.5% 23.7% 76.3%

6 Bhatrudi

(459)

734 63.5% 51.7% 48.3% 62.0% 38.0%

7 Dhar Tundara 24 41.7% 40.0% 60.0% 100.0% 0.0%

8 Katwar (461) 678 49.9% 49.7% 50.3% 39.6% 60.4%

9 Deola (504) 302 48.7% 51.0% 49.0% 38.1% 61.9%

10 Drabbar (528) 588 69.9% 54.7% 45.3% 20.7% 79.3%

11 Sarana (538) 134 84.3% 50.4% 49.6% 31.9% 68.1%

12 Kareri (530) 377 79.8% 49.5% 50.5% 33.6% 66.4%

13 Jungrar (531) 191 89.5% 49.1% 50.9% 35.7% 64.3%

14 Phanaota 179 49.7% 55.1% 44.9% 15.7% 84.3%

15 Gewa (496) 248 42.7% 50.9% 49.1% 17.9% 82.1%

16 Baghai Garh 326 45.4% 64.9% 35.1% 39.9% 60.1%

17 Paraba (468) 421 56.3% 49.8% 50.2% 9.7% 90.3%

18 Khander

(467)

339 52.8% 49.7% 50.3% 12.3% 87.7%

19 Chachoga 426 50.2% 49.5% 50.5% 15.4% 84.6%

20 Jhakla (488) 756 47.8% 60.1% 39.9% 50.7% 49.3%

21 Suala (487) 1277 34.1% 79.5% 20.5% 94.5% 5.5%

22 Bharandui 710 53.0% 54.0% 46.0% 30.1% 69.9%

23 Mawa (473) 233 56.7% 54.5% 45.5% 11.4% 88.6%

24 Juri (476) 362 66.9% 50.8% 49.2% 57.0% 43.0%

25 Maihla (486) 324 54.0% 53.1% 46.9% 46.9% 53.1%

26 Sundari (489) 218 47.7% 52.9% 47.1% 48.1% 51.9%

27 Dehra (485) 270 46.7% 53.2% 46.8% 56.3% 43.7%

28 Kunda (483) 361 47.4% 55.6% 44.4% 14.0% 86.0%

29 Mawa (293) 450 25.6% 87.8% 12.2% 33.0% 67.0%

30 Sanotha (248) 406 69.7% 52.3% 47.7% 75.6% 24.4%

31 Oil (254) 550 65.1% 50.0% 50.0% 76.8% 23.2%

32 Silla Gharat 601 54.4% 51.7% 48.3% 97.2% 2.8%

33 Ghagrauta 638 75.1% 50.5% 49.5% 55.5% 44.5%

34 Maingal (250) 454 56.8% 46.9% 53.1% 82.2% 17.8%

35 Thundu (251) 311 59.5% 50.8% 49.2% 96.2% 3.8%

Total 15760 56.0% 53.7% 46.3% 45.6% 54.4%

It may be observed from the table above that the proportion of the total workers is 56.0% of the

total population of the study area. The proportion was found to be varying from 25.6% in Mawa



to 89.5% in Kama Jungrar. The work force was mainly constituted by males to the tune of

53.7%. It was also observed an overwhelming majority 54.4% of the workers were marginal

worker.

PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION

The primary survey for nearby 8 villages has been conducted. These villages are the main villages which

will have positive and negative impact due to the operation of this project.

The process of collecting data using primary survey data is as follows:

(i) Identify the villages to be surveyed.

(ii) Select one village.

(iii) Check the number of PAF in the village due to project.

(iv) PAF to be surveyed individually

(v) Indirect affected villages to be survey educing focus group discussion method having 15-20

persons in a group

(vi) Physical survey for sanitation /drinking water facilities, banks, physical heath checks, availability

of primary health centres/ dispensary/ hospitals, road conditions, educational facilities, source

of income, average annual income of the villagers.

The summary of socio economic survey conducted in these villages is given below:

Primary Field Survey

A socioeconomic survey within the Buffer Zone was conducted. Survey covered few households in the

buffer zone which included village Panihareka Village, Kalprehi Village, Dantuee Village, Lunekh

Village, Jakhla Village, Shumra village, Kunda Village, Dehra Village (all these villages comes under

Chamba district). The result of the survey is summarized as below:

S.No. Village Name Project Area/study area

1 Panihareka Village Forest Land

2 Kalparhi Village Forest Land

3 Dantoi Village Forest Land

4 Lunekh Village Forest Land

5 Jakhla Village Forest Land

6 Sumara village Forest Land

7 Kunda Village Forest Land

8 Dehra Village Forest Land


Micro level village information based on field survey & Census data 2011

S.No. Parameter Name of the village

Jakhla Sumara village Kunda Dehra

1 House Holds Approx 60 20 25 50

2 Occupation or source of

income

Agriculture Labour, pvt

jobs, Govt jobs

Agriculture, Labour, pvt

jobs


jobs


jobs

Micro level village information based on field survey & Census data 2011

S.No. Parameter Name of the village

Panihareka Kalparhi Dantuee Lunekh

1 House Holds Approx 14 20 12 14

2 Occupation or source

of income

Agriculture Labour,

pvt jobs, Govt jobs


jobs, Govt jobs


jobs, Services

Agriculture Labour, pvt jobs,

Services

3 Population Approx 90 100 80 72

% working status

4 Farming 50% 90% 95% 95%

Agriculture Labour 40% 45% 45% 60%

Private Job 45% 40% 35% 50%

Govt. Job 10% 6% 0% 2%

Self Emp. 25% 2% 2% 1%

5 Main crop Wheat, seasonal fruits

and vegetables

Wheat, seasonal fruits

and vegetables

Wheat, seasonal fruits and

vegetables


vegetables

6 School Anganwadi, Primary

school, Middle school

Primary school, Middle

school

Nil Primary school

7 Hospital Dispensery & Asha

Workers

Dispensery & Asha

Workers

Nil Nil

8 Post office No No No No

9 Bank No No No No

10 Market Pvt. Shops Pvt. Shops Nil Pvt. Shops

11 Electricity Yes Yes Yes Yes

12 Source of water Supply network and

spring water

Supply network and

spring water

Supply network and spring

water

Supply network and spring water

13 Toilet facilities % 90% 50% 35% 50%

14 Transport system Bi Cycle, Scooters,

Cars/Jeep, Tempo

Bi Cycle, Scooters,

Cars/Jeep

Bi Cycle, Scooters Bi Cycle, Scooters, Cars/Jeep,

Tempo

15 APL 50% 25% 5% 5%

16 BPL 50% 75% 95% 95%



3 Population Approx 250 120 150 250

4 % working status

Farming 50% 90% 97% 96%

Agriculture Labour 40% 35% 50% 50%

Private Job 45% 45% 35% 4%

Govt. Job 10% 2% 3% 1%

Self Emp. 18% 2% 1% 1%

5 Main crop Wheat, seasonal fruits and

vegetables

Wheat, seasonal

fruits and vegetables


vegetables


vegetables

6 School Nil Nil Nil Nil

7 Hospital Asha Workers

Asha Workers Asha Workers Asha Workers

8 Post office Nil Nil Nil Nil

9 Bank Nil Nil Nil Nil

10 Market Pvt. Shops Pvt. Shops Pvt. Shops Pvt. Shops

11 Electricity Yes Yes Yes Yes

12 Source of water Supply network and spring

water


water


water


water

13 Toilet facilities % 70% 10% 30% 60%

14 Transport system Bi Cycle, Scooters, Bi Cycle, Scooters,

Cars/Jeep, Tempo

Bi Cycle, Scooters,

Cars/Jeep, Tempo,

Bi Cycle, Scooters,

Cars/Jeep, Tempo

15 APL 70% 10% 30% 40%

16 BPL 30% 90% 70% 60%

MICRO LEVEL VILLAGE INFORMATION (SOURCE - FIELD SURVEY)



Data interpretation of survey conducted :

Parameter

studied

Data Interpretation

Housing The housing condition is not so good in these villages due to hilly

terrain.

• pucca houses- 35%

• Semi pucca houses- 30%

• Kuccha houses- 35%

Electricity

The availability of electricity connection was also found good.

• Households having Electric connection- 100%

Economic

Category

Composition

The Proportion of above Poverty line was also found above

average.

• Households above poverty line- 70%

• Households below poverty line- 30%

Education

Status

In nearby area very, less number of person were found uneducated,

However, mostly children are being sent to school.

• Adults: 15%

• Kids Educated – 60 %

Drinking

Water • Households with piped water supply - Nil

• Households using spring water- 100%

Primary

occupation • Farming- 50 %

• Labour- 40 %

3.13 TRAFFIC DENSITY

The traffic study was done in the nearby road ascertain the present traffic was on the road

and thereafter impact be because of addition of traffic due to the Material Ropeway project.

PCU values are used to convert various vehicles in to one standard vehicles i.e. Passenger

car units (PCU). The PCU values as per IRC are as given below:

Table; PCU values of various vehicles

S.

No. Vehicle Type PCU Value

S.

No. Vehicle Type PCU Value

1 Car 1 5 LCV 2

2 Two-wheeler 0.5 6 Tractor and Trailor 5

3 Truck/ bus 2.2 7 Cycle rickshaw 1.5

4 Auto 1.2



Traffic Analysis: PWD Road, 2 Lane, two way -3 Meters

The traffic density on 2 Lane road (PWD Road) was measured. The traffic analysis is given

below;

Road Width – 3 meters

Time

Car/LTV Truck/Bus Two-wheeler Others PCU/day

Volume In

PCU

Volume In PCU Volume In

PCU

Volume In

PCU

6.00 -

12.00 61

61

12 54 82

41 4

5 27

12.00 -

17.00 45 45 6 27 60 30 2 2 21

17.00 -

21.00 36 36

8

36 42

21 3

4 24

21.00 -

6.00 8 8 0 0 10 5 0 0 1

Total in

24 hr. 150 150 26 117 194 97 9 11 16

Carrying capacity of PWD Road, 3-meter road (2- lane) =1610 PCU/day.

Existing traffic density at PWD Road =16 PCU/day.

Existing LOS = 0.01 i.e. Cat A

Proposed traffic from site=77 PCU/day.

Total Traffic density at PWD Road = Existing traffic at PWD road + proposed traffic at

site =16 + 77 =93 PCU /day.

Total after proposed LOS = 0.057 i.e. Cat A

S.no LOS Value

(Ratio of V:C)

(V/C)

Category Inference based on IRC 106: 1990

1 0-0.2 A Represents a condition of free flow; individual users are

generally unaffected by others in the traffic and this condition is

generally considered in the Excellent Category.

2 0.2-0.4 B Represents a condition of stable flow; individual users have a

level of comfort and convenience but less than that of A.



3 0.4-0.6 C Represents a condition of zonal stable flow; individual users are

starting in a bit of discomfort; users start to feel inconvenience

due to presence of other users on the road. General level of

discomfort increases and there is a noticeable decline in

convenience.

4 0.6-0.8 D Represents the level of stable flow; Level of comfort of users is

poor and discomfort is significant in the flow of traffic. This

category traffic streams are extremely susceptible to traffic

problems.

5 0.8-1 E Represents operating conditions close to capacity level; freedom

to traffic stream is low and the speed is relatively uniform but

very less. Comfort and convenience is relatively poor and

discomfort is visible.

6 1 or above F Breakdown Flow; These streams often and broken down,

susceptible to long delays and therefore there is huge discomfort

in these streams.

Hence it is concluded that since carrying capacity of road (PWD road) is much higher than

proposed traffic volume. Therefore, the traffic to & form of proposed, project will not create

any traffic congestion.



CHAPTER 4: ANTICIPATED IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

This chapter focuses on identification of pollution sources due to the proposed project

activity. The pollutants generated during the construction and operation phase have been

assessed and quantified to estimate the level of impact and thus formulate environment

management measures to mitigate theses impacts.

Chapter 4 provides the information on the baseline environmental conditions at the project

site for various parameters.

This chapter discusses the various pollution loads and stresses that could impact the

environment and the incremental environmental impacts on the environmental parameters

during the operation phase of the project and also discuss the mitigation measures to reduce

these impacts.

4.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT

As per the Landuse of the area discussed in Chapter-2 & Chapter-4 of the EIA report. The

impacts on land environment occur in three ways as given below:

1. Impact on Landuse

2. Impact on Topography

3. Impact on Soil

The alignment falls within a Forest land for development of terminal stations (loading &

Unloading station) & line towers. About 53,800 sq m (5.38 ha) of area of forest land will be

diverted and 493 trees will be required to cut for construction of ropeway terminals for

which compensatory afforestation will be done as per the norms. The anticipated impacts

due to the proposed project and mitigation measures are given in Table 4-1.

TABLE 4-1:IMPACT & MITIGATION FOR LAND ENVIRONMENT

S.No. Anticipated Impacts Mitigation Measures

Impact on Land Use

1. Total site selected for the

development of loading and

unloading stations including

ropeway corridor for the proposed

ropeway project comprises of 5.38

ha. forest land. Hence the forest

land will be used for non-forest

purposes.

The diversion of forest land will be carried

out as per the guidelines of the Forest

(Conservation) Act, 1980.

Land use will change from Forest land to

constructed area.

A Compensatory afforestation plan has been

directed by the forest department as per the

applicable laws. Afforestation plan in detail

is discussed in Section 9.1 of this EIA report.



2. Total site selected for the

development of Loading Point and

Unloading Point including

ropeway corridor is forest land.

This will disturb the flora and

fauna and existing land use of the

activity area

The diversion of forest land will be carried

out as per the Forest (Conservation) Act,

1980. All the necessary condition imposed

by the forest department (if any) will strictly

be adhered.

3. Construction will lead to Soil

contamination due to project

activities

Top soil will be scrapped out carefully,

stacked with protective measures and reused

wherever necessary. Contaminating

substances used in the project activity (if

any) should be kept with protective

measures.

4. Top soil erosion and Loss of

productive soil may occur due to

the proposed project

Progressive tree plantation and proper

maintenance of top soil surrounding the

project should be done to minimize soil

erosion and loss of productive soil.

5. This project activity will lead

increased transportation

Transportation of material should be done in

such a way so that it could not affect the

land.

6. Some adverse impact viz break

failure, rope breaking can further

lead to major accident

Proper Maintenance should be done time to

time to minimize adverse impacts.

Impact on Soil

7. During construction phase the

excavation activity involved for

pillar will cause erosion of base

soil & generation of excess soil

Re-using excavated soil and rock from a

construction site is one of the best ways to

reduce the negative impact of excavation.

The excavation shall only be done to provide

foundation of pillars. The excavated soil &

rocks shall be reused to the extent possible.

Top soil shall be used in Landscaping. The

remaining excavated soil and stones shall be

utilized in re-filling of foundation, road

works, rising at site level etc

Re-using excavated soil and rock also helps

to reduce the environmental impact by

reducing the likelihood of surface run-off in

the event of heavy rains.

8. During construction phase

construction work could lead to

stockpiling on site which will lead

to soil contamination during windy

days & rainy days.

All solid waste from the proposed material

ropeway will be properly collected & stored

at designated dumping sites of hydroelectric

power plant

Temporary stockpiling of contaminated soils

or hazardous material shall be avoided.

If stockpiling, is necessary covering of

stockpile with plastic sheets or traps,

installing a berm around the stockpile to

prevent runoff from leaving the area will be

done.



Stockpile in or near storm drains or

watercourses shall not be done.

9. During opera phase Soil

contamination due to project

activities. (Detected or undetected

leaks and spills, Iridescent sheens

(like oil or diesel) on soil, non-

natural materials and wastes.)

As it is Material ropeway project, storage of

material will be there after unloading the

material.

Removal of contaminated material and

hazardous material on exteriors of transport

vehicles shall be practiced. Collection of

water from decontamination procedures and

treatment or disposal at an appropriate

disposal site shall be followed.

All treatment and disposal options shall

comply with all relevant guidelines and

legislation.

10. During operation phase the load of

the ropeway project can weaken

the soil of the site & can lead to

landslides in the area.

The ropeway development has been done

after getting the geo technical study of the

area done. As per the geotechnical report of

the project. The soils are invariable course

grained and are of high shear strength.

Impact on Topography

11. Development of terminal stations

& intermediate towers will result in

change in topography & contours.

Construction activities will be planned such

that minimum impact on topography &

contour shall occur. However, impact will be

confined to limited area which will be very

small.

Manual level difference will be maintained

for the natural flow of drainage.

12. Storm water falling continuously

near the pillars, towers, etc. may

erode the soil, weaken the rocks,

and lead to instability of the

structures.

The surface drainage pattern of the

area may get changed or blocked

due to the construction of terminal

stations & line towers, which when

diverted to other sites could lead to

erosion of banks & threatens the

existence of trees & vegetation on

the hill slopes.

Garland drains will be proposed around the

pillars/towers to ensure the proper drainage

of the storm water and to prevent disturbance

to the drainage pattern of the area & hence

protecting the erosion of banks & loss of

vegetation.

At terminal stations, proper channelization of

rainwater will be done. The collected water

will be stored in the tank provided at each

terminal.

13. The runoff from the construction

sites will have natural tendency to

flow towards Chanju nallah.

Possibility of increased sediment

levels may lead to reduction in

light penetration which in turn

could reduce the photosynthetic

activity to some extent of the

aquatic plants.

Proper channelization shall be done at the

terminal stations in order to avoid the flow of

runoff from the construction sites towards

Chanju Nallah.



Other Impacts

14. Trees and vegetation are vital to

the sole integrity of the hilly areas

& mountain ranges. Loss of trees

may result in increased potential of

landslides in the area.

Landslides may be contained by:

1) Ditches at the base of the rock exposure,

2) Heavy-duty fences, and

3) Concrete catch walls that slow errant

boulders that have broken free from the

rock outcrop.

Man Made occurrences:

5.38 ha of forest land shall be diverted to

construct the ropeway. The activity shall be

carried out as per the guidelines of the Forest

(Conservation) Act, 1980. Compensatory

afforestation shall be done for 493 no. of

trees which shall be cut.

15. Construction activities includes

blasting& other activities that may

result in modification of natural

slopes, loading of critical slopes

and withdrawal to toe support

promoting vulnerability of critical

slopes.

No blasting shall be done. Only manual

cutting or drilling shall be done, that too, by

following control measures for vibration so

as to avoid any chances of landslides & its

consequences.

4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT

As the data interpreted in Section 3.4 of Chapter-3, the concentration of PM 10, PM2.5, SO2&

NOX are very well within the prescribed standards of NAAQS of all locations and as the

Ropeway operation is considered to be an environment friendly non-polluting transport

system, some of the anticipated impacts & their mitigation measures are given in Table 4-2:

TABLE 4-2:IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES FOR AIR ENVIRONMENT


1. During the construction activities for

the proposed terminal stations there

will be fugitive emission such as

particulate emission, etc.

The construction activities for the proposed

terminal stations will be in limited areas and

thus the particulate emissions will be minimal

and short term in nature.

Construction material shall be stored inside the

project boundary and shall be covered with the

tarpaulin/ cloth cover.

Terminal stations under construction shall be

covered with the green cloth.

Provision for sprinkling water will be made to

reduce dust emissions during the construction

phase.

2. Transportation of construction Trucks/other vehicles bringing/taking away the

construction material at site shall be fully



material will lead to dust emission

and vehicular emission during

construction and operation phase.

covered to avoid the dust emission and shall

have valid copy of Pollution Under Check

(PUC) Certificate and their records shall be

maintained at site.

3. Drilling and manual stone cutting is

adopted in place of blasting for rock

cutting & excavation, hence dust

generation will occur.

Wet jet system shall be used for the stone

cutting to avoid the emission from the dry stone

cutting.

JCB dust collectors will be used for collection

of the dust generated due to drilling.

Rest, sprinkling shall be followed.

4. Dust will be generated during the

construction of line towers.

For the construction of line towers, the

generation of the dust will be low as compared

to the construction of terminal stations.

Moreover, the dust generated during the

construction phase will be considerably reduced

due to localized meteorological conditions.

As discussed in above two points, water

sprinkling shall be done.

5. The impact of other pollutants such

as SO2, NOx and CO will be caused

due to diesel-operated mechanical

equipment.

The impact of pollutants such as SO2, NOx and

CO mainly released from mechanical driven

equipment is very negligible and of short term

duration.

Moreover, all plants shall be operated and

maintained in such a manner so as to minimize

the emissions of hydrocarbons and particulate.

6. Emissions from the operation of D.G.

Set (7 x 35 kVA, 2 x 40 kVA & 2 x

30 kVA & 2x50 kVA)

DG set (7 x 35 kVA, 2 x 40 kVA & 2 x 30 kVA

& 2x50 kVA) shall be installed with adequate

stack height as per CPCB norms to avoid

concentration of emissions on ground.

DG sets during operation phase shall be used

only in case of power failure.

4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT

Main source of fresh water will be Chanju Nallah (Spring water). As per the water quality

results discussed Section 3.5 in Chapter-3, the water results of all the sources collected are

within the drinking water standards.

Chanju Nala flows near the project site. No deterioration in water quality is envisaged in

these streams due to the project activity.



However, the major impacts on water quality of the area and mitigation measures are

discussed in Table 4-3.

TABLE 4-3:IMPACTS& MITIGATION MEASURE FOR WATER QUALITY


1. During Construction phase due to

removal of vegetation, the water

retention capacity of soil shall be

decreased. Hence, there will be

decrease in yield of the springs

flowing nearby.

During monsoon period, construction of

ropeway shall not be done, so that a

temporary phase can be provided for

recharging of the water in springs.

Moreover, vegetation shall be done in nearby

patches wherever possible.

2. Deterioration in water quality of

the springs flowing nearby due to 5

KLD of waste water generation

during the construction phase due

to labors & construction activities.

8 KLD of water will be required during

construction phase for domestic, flushing,

sprinkling & other construction purposes

which shall be fulfilled from Chanju Nallah

(Spring water). Temporary toilets shall be

provided during construction phase for the

staff and labours at each pillar proposed.

Waste water generated will be discharged to

septic tank followed by soak pit at each pillar

proposed.

3. During Construction phase Impact

on water bodies can occur due to

improper storage and construction

materials & disposal of

construction waste. However, the

impact will be short term in nature.

Proper storage facilities will be maintained

for construction materials, construction

waste and diesel.

Construction waste generated during

ropeway construction shall be disposed off at

dumping sites (proposed for HEP plant).

Embankment shall be provided at all

dumping sites so that it doesn’t come in

direct contact of any water body.

4. During Operation phase runoff

shall also be generated from the

site during rainy season.

Garland drains are proposed around the

pillars/towers and along the road side to

ensure the proper drainage of the storm water

and to prevent disturbance to the drainage

pattern of the area.


the springs flowing nearby during

transportation of construction

material through buckets used in

ropeway during operation phase.

Closed container shall be used for

transportation of the construction material

like HDPE bags shall be used for sands, Oil

containers shall be air tight close container,

Machinery shall be tied to buckets etc.

Leaking or deteriorated containers used for

construction material should be removed and

ensured that such contents are transferred to



a sound container

6. During Operation phase spillage

due to storage of Oil containers,

lubricants and diesel.

Pucca floor like of concrete shall be provided

in the stock yard.

Containment such as proper slopes

connected with the sump shall be provided in

the stock yard where the storage of Oil

containers, lubricants and diesel shall be

done, so that during spillage if any occurs,

the spill can be collected and disposed off

properly before spill comes to direct contact

of any water body.

In case of spills / leaks, dry adsorbents/cotton

should be used for cleaning instead of water


the due to 3.8 KLD of waste water

generated during the operation

phase due to activities like

domestic, flushing and

miscellaneous activities.

During operation phase, total water

requirement is 5.0 KLD which is used for

Drinking, Flushing, and miscellaneous

purpose which shall be fulfilled from Chanju

Nallah (Spring water).

Temporary toilets made during construction

phase for the staff and labours at each pillar

of the project will remain in use during

operation phase as well.

No waste water shall be disposed in to these

springs. The waste water shall be disposed

off to septic tank followed by soak pit

provided at each pillar proposed.

4.4 NOISE & VIBRATION ENVIRONMENT

As per the Noise quality (Section 3.6) study given in Chapter-3, noise level at project site is

slightly higher than the standard of Residential area due to high speed of wind at high

altitude during both day and night time. In the proposed project, background noise level is

high due to the flowing water of Chanju Nallah.

Other anticipated impacts & mitigation measures are discussed in Table 4-4.



TABLE 4-4: IMPACTS & MITIGATION FOR NOISE & VIBRATIONS

S.

No.

Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measure

1 During Construction phase

generation of noise and vibration

due to operation of construction

equipment and machineries.

Machines having low noise levels will be

deployed so that minimum levels of noise &

vibrations are produced during the

construction work.

2 During Construction phase noise

and vibration due to construction of

foundation work and welding work

for erection of towers.

Equipment & machines will have anti-

vibration mountings, vibration- damped

panels.

3 During Construction phase vibration

produced due to the rock drilling for

the foundation of towers.

Manual drilling, excavation & breaking of

rocks will be done so that minimum noise

level is generated due to these activities.


generated due to transportation of

raw/construction materials i.e. from

dumpers, trucks and other vehicles

Regular and proper maintenance of noise

generating machinery including the transport

vehicles will be carried out.

Regular checking of silencers and

maintenance of vehicles will be done;

transportation of construction materials will

be restricted during day time. Vehicles will

be PUC certified. No honking will be

allowed.


and vibration due to the operation of

D.G. sets.

Special acoustic enclosures will be provided

for individual noise generating construction

equipment including D.G. set. Special

acoustic enclosures may be provided by the

means of noise shields.

Workers exposed to high noise level will be

provided with personal protective equipment

like ear plugs/ ear muffs. OSHA's

permissible exposure limit (PEL) for noise

exposure will be followed.

6 During Operation phase, due to

mechanical equipment used for

ropeway operation

Regular maintenance of ropeway equipment

will be done. Equipment generating noise

will be provided with noise shield.

7 Due to operation of D.G. sets of

capacity 7 x 35 kVA, 2 x 40 kVA &

2 x 30 kVA & 2x50 kVA.

D.G. set will be installed and acoustically

enclosed provided with vibration dampers

and doors will have double walled insulation

and air intake and exhaust silencers will be

proposed for DG sets to prevent leakage of

sound.

8 During Operation phase the

Vibration will increase at higher

wind speed due to friction from the

hanging buckets and ropes.

Operation of aerial ropeway will be stopped

when the wind speed exceeds permissible

limits beyond the standards laid down as per

Indian standard i.e. 150 km/hr.

9 During Operation phase due to

loading and unloading of

construction materials for HEP

Construction materials like concrete etc. will

be packed in a jute bag so that minimal noise

is produced while its loading and unloading.



Plantation will be carried out along the

terminal stations to reduce noise level

10 During Operation phase due to

movement of buckets carrying

material for construction of HEP.

Rope used for the movement of cable cars

will be as per the norms of ropeway

engineering practices & standard. The rope

used will be properly galvanized and

lubricated to produce minimum noise.

Vibration pads and sand cushions shall be

provided at locations near noise generating

sources.

Normally, the noise and vibration in any

cable ropeway occurs at the transfer point

where the cable car comes in contact with

rail mounted at the terminals. Therefore, it

would be ensuring that the alignment at the

transfer points are regularly checked and

maintained and also suitably lubricated from

time to time.

4.5 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE

The anticipated impacts & mitigation measures during construction as well as operation

phase are given in Table 4-5.

TABLE 4-5: IMPACTS & MITGATION FOR SOLID & HAZARDOUS WASTE


1. The solid waste during construction

phase will be mainly site clearance,

Other construction materials (waste

timber work, spent concrete and

cement screening and material and

equipment wrappings), garbage/

biodegradable waste.

During operation phase, 11 kg/ day

waste will be generated which includes

both biodegradable and recyclable

waste.

Impact from solid waste may arise

owing to the dumping of construction

debris in to or near water courses or on

land ultimately causing environmental

deterioration, increase in transportation

and disposal cost.

Waste generated during the construction phase

will be re-used for backfilling and floor/ road

compacting.

8 kg/day biodegradable waste will be generated

which will be disposed to Composting site.

3 kg/day of recyclable waste will be generated

which will be given to approved recycler.

No disposal of the waste on land and to the

streams/rivers will be done.

During operation phase, proper Collection bins

will be provided at each terminal stations of the

ropeway to avoid spread of waste on land or in

any water courses.

2. Excavation during pillar foundations

will lead to generation of solid waste.

Excavated stones will be used at the sides of

the road as tie back or restrained wall.



3. Storage of Diesel & Used oil The used oil generated from D.G sets and other

machineries will be stored in leak proof

containers in the storage yard. The storage yard

will be hard paved along with containments

and will be sent to registered recyclers for

hazardous waste authorized by CPCB.

4. Spillage of Oil & Chemicals Chemicals & oils shall be transported in closed

containers

5. C&D waste generation The C&D waste generated shall be dumped in

the dump yard provided within the site.

4.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

The Flora & Fauna of the core zone & buffer zone is given in Section 4.10 of the EIA

report.

The project falls under forest land and there is no eco-sensitive area within 15 km of the

project site. The impacts & mitigations for the Ecological Environment are given in Table 4-

6.

TABLE 4-6: IMPACTS & MITIGATION FOR ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT


1. Since, the project area falls under

forest land thus 493 trees will fall

within the corridor and diversion of

this land is needed for the

construction of ropeways.

The forest approval has already been applied for

diversion of forest land (5.38 ha.) falling within the

project site. 493 trees will be required to cut for the

construction of terminal for which compensatory

afforestation shall be done in the ratio of 1:10. The

cutting of trees will be carried out by Forest

Department.

2. Dust is expected to be generated

during construction activities which

may settle on the foliage of trees

and plants, thereby reduction in

their photosynthetic activity.

The impact on the flora is expected up to maximum

of 50 to 100 m from the source. Thus, significant

impact is not expected on forest area. However, to

reduce dust generation water sprinkling will be

carried out at regular intervals. Runoff collected

from the site through embankments and drains will

be used for sprinkling.

3. Human-Animal Conflict may arise

due to increased human

interferences and increased

construction activities which may

lead to fragmentation of wildlife

habitat and blocking of migratory

paths/corriodrs.

Disturbances caused due to construction activities are

temporary. No construction activities will be allowed

during night-time in order to avoid human-animal

conflict as the area is a forest area. Moreover, proper

noise control measures shall be adopted during

construction phase to ensure minimum or no

disturbance to the fauna of the area



4. Potential impacts of project

operation on ecology include

increased noise and disturbance

from the operation of the cable car

including maintenance,

glare/lighting impact of structures

(towers and cables) on bird species.

Although Ropeway is an Environment Friendly &

Noise free mode of transportation, efforts will be

made to ensure minimum or no disturbance to the

ecology of the area. Also, the terrain of the path is

very difficult thus, only mode of transportation of

construction materials for the construction of 30 MW

HEP will be this ropeway only. Thus, noise

generation due to transportation will be minimum.

5. Impact on aquatic fauna due to

runoff from the site or discharge of

any sewage from the site.

Proper embankment will be provided at all dumping

or storage sites according to the drainage pattern so

that no run-off is allowed to deteriorate the quality of

Chanju-Nallah (Spring Water). Also, proper septic

tank for treatment of sewage is proposed at the toilets

facility. Thus, no sewage will be allowed to

discharge any sewage from the site. Thus, no impact

is envisaged on phytoplankton or macro-benthic life.

6. Impact on aquatic fauna due to

drying of spring water due to the

construction or operation of project.

The proposed project is temporary in nature as the

ropeway structure will be removed after the

construction of HEP is completed.

Thereafter, the land area will be restored

The pillars will be again backfilled and proper

plantation of trees will be again done in order to

restore the fertility of the area. Thus, drying of spring

water is not envisaged due to the construction or

operation of project.

7. Habitat fragmentation The alignment has been selected by keeping in sight

that no infringement to habitation will be caused. No

migratory route has been observed at sections of this

alignment.

4.7 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

The project is for construction of material ropeway which will be used for supply of

construction material from one side of Chanju Nallah to other (where hydroelectric power

plant will be installed). Although the project will have positive impacts for the local people,

& the state as discussed in chapter 9, and also in Table 4-7.

TABLE 4-7: IMPACT & MITIGATION FOR SOCIO- ECONOMIC SCENARIO


1. Affects of project on the Socio-

Economic Scenario of the area

The ropway will be used for the construction of

hydroelectric power plant proposed in the area.

By the introduction of hydroelectric power plant,

Additional electricity will be generated in the

state, additional avenue for revenue generation



will take place.

2. Employment opportunity during

construction and operation of

ropeway & Power Plant.

Moreover, there will be requirement of non-

skilled, semiskilled & skilled personnel during

the construction and operation phase of the

ropeway as well as hydroelectric power plant, for

which the affected (w.r.t. employment) people

shall be engaged depending upon their capability.

3. Effects of Proposed Aerial

Ropeway on the locals.

Due to operation of ropeway and power plant

more economic activity will start thus leading to

direct & indirect income for locals.

4. Increase in source of income of

existing population.

Influx of more population will lead to more

requirement of lodging facilities, food outlets, car

& other shops, maintenance area and other

related shops.

4.7.1 Positive Impacts due to Installation of Ropeway are:

I. There will be no displacement or immigration of the human population due to the

proposed project.

II. Since the ropeway would travel aerially, land for only tower locations is being used.

Therefore, with proposed pollution control measures, no significant impact is expected

on the surrounding community.

III. Heavy material can easily be transported through the ropeway.

IV. Infrastructure development will took place in the area.

V. Considering more than half population is based on monsoon-based farming, a positive

impact is anticipated due to increased employment opportunities.

VI. The jobs from which local community can be benefited, will be —

• Medical services

• Routine repair &Maintenance services

• Security services

VII. Parking &Traffic management.

4.7.2 Impact on the health of workers

Construction works may have certain impacts on the workers on site which is discussed in

Table 4-8.

TABLE 4-8: IMPACTS ON HEALTH OF WORKERS & THEIR MITIGATION

S.NO. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS MITIGATION MEASURES

1. Some suspended particulate matters

will be released during construction

Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

will be made mandatory.



work that may cause health impacts

to the workers.

Employees shall be provided with hard hats,

safety boots, eye and ear protection, and snug

fitting gloves as appropriate.

Masks and dust-proof clothing shall be

provided to personnel working in areas with

high dust levels.

2. Unhygienic site sanitation facilities

can cause damage to environment

and to health of the construction

workers.

Hygienic conditions shall be maintained like

proper storage facilities for raw material,

waste material; proper disposal of waste

water, etc.

Children and pregnant women shall not be

allowed to work under any circumstances.

Construction work will be done only day

time and during non-rainy days.

Well-equipped first aid facility shall be

provided at site for their regular medical

checkups.

4.8 INFLUX OF PEOPLE & ASSOCIATED DEVELOPMENTS AND TRAFFIC

INCREMENT

There may be no such impact of traffic during the construction phase, however, the probable

impacts associated with increase in traffic during the operation phase are mentioned in

Table 4-9:

TABLE 4-9:IMPACTS & MITIGATION FOR INFLUX OF PEOPLE & ASSOCIATED DEVELOPMENTS


1. Increase in vehicles at loading

station which will result in

congestion in the existing PWD

road due to parking of vehicles.

Adequate space at loading station has been

designated for the planned parking. Hence

there will be negligible impact due to

parking of vehicle along the road side.

2. The hilly area presents many

transportation challenges that

sometimes are difficult to address

using conventional public transit

modes.

These kinds of transportation problems shall

be addressed using Aerial Ropeway Transit

system. Since this mode can have fairly

straight lines between any two locations

without relying on the topography or area

network layout.

3. Affects of Proposed Aerial

Ropeway on the locals.

The Proposed ropeway is for transportation

of construction material from one side of

Chanju Nalah to other side where

construction of hydroelectric power plant

will be constructed. No road or rail transport

will be constructed.



I. Traffic Analysis: PWD Road, 2 Lane, two ways -3 Meters

PWD ROAD

Parameter Existing Proposed

WIDTH (m) 3.0 3.0

Carrying Capacity (PCU/ Hr) 77 77

Traffic (PCU/Hr) 29 2

LOS 0.37 i. e Cat B 0.40 i. e Cat B

Hence it is concluded that since carrying capacity of road (PWD road) is much higher than

proposed traffic volume. Therefore, the traffic to & form of proposed, project will not create

any traffic congestion.



CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OFALTERNATIVES (SITE & TECHNOLOGY)

5.1 ALTERNATIVE ROUTES ASSESSED

Alternative routes were assessed for installation of the proposed ropeway and below

mentioned location were selected for the 5 no. of ropeways and 1 longitudnal ropeways.

These are the most suitable locations as required for the transportation of material for Power

plant and minimum use of forest land.

Alternative I:

i) Cross Ropeways: Detail of ropeways for Deothal Chanju HEP (30 MW)

Ropeway DR1, DR2, DR3 & DR4- Max Payload 2 MT

Ropeway DR5- Max Payload 3 MT

S Description Span in plan Load carrying

No. capacity

1. Ropeway – 1 (DR1) 309.332 m 2 MT

2. Ropeway – 2 (DR2) 554.005 m 2 MT

3. Ropeway – 3 (DR3) 901.271 m 2 MT

4. Ropeway – 4 (DR4) 1165.428 m 2 MT

5. Ropeway – 5 (DR5) 939.611 m 3 MT

ii) Longitudnal Ropeways: Ropeways for Deothal Chanju HEP (30 MW)-

Connecting all the take off points up to

Ropeway Section I to Section V- Max Payload 2 MT

Ropeway Section VI- Max Payload 3 MT

S Description Between Span in Plan

Load Carrying

Capacity

No.

From To

1.

Section - I

Unloading

Trench Wire Loading

DR1 920.000 M 2.0 Mt

2. Section – II

Loading

DR1

Loading

DR2 761.720 M 2.0 Mt

3. Section – III Loading DR2

Loading

DR3 790.840 M 2.0 Mt

4. Section –IV Loading DR3

Loading

DR4 2244.260 M 2.0 Mt

5. Section – V Loading DR4

Loading

DR5 456.922 M 2.0 Mt

6.

Section - VI

Loading –

DR5 Road

Head 1200.000 M 3.0 Mt



Option Alternate-IA:

Ropeways for Deothal Chanju HEP (30 MW) connecting all the take off points up to

trench weir (right bank of river) and Road head take off point.

S. No Description Take up point Load carrying

capacity

From To

1. Section-I Trench Weir DR4 3.0 MT

2. Section-II DR4 Road Head 4.5 MT



Alternative II:

Ropeways for Deothal Chanju HEP (30 MW)-Connecting all the Adit Points up to

Trench Weir (Left Bank of River)

S. No Despcription Between Load Carrying Capacity

From To

1 Section -A Loading Trench

Weir

Unloading

DR1

3.0 MT

2 Section-B Loading

DR1

Unloading

DR2

3.0 MT

3 Section-C Loading

DR2

Unloading

DR3

3.0 MT

4 Section-D Loading

DR3

Unloading

DR4

3.0 MT

5 Section-E Loading

DR4

Unloading

DR5

3.0 MT

Figure 5-1: Selected Alignment

5.2 SELECTED ALIGNMENT

While considering the alignment, following approach & methodology has been adopted

for selecting the most favourable alignment:

1. Availability of adequate space for proposed terminals i.e. Lower and upper Terminal

2. Easy land acquisition

3. Minimum Possible infringement.

4. Should be feasible for selection of ropeway system matching with traffic and

construction point of view.



5. Easy connectivity to Lower terminal and Upper terminal point of ropeway station

from adjacent area.

6. Minimum rehabilitation and tree cutting.

7. Easy material handling at all the terminal station.

Alternative I is technically viable and most suitable hence Alternative I is selected.

5.2.1 Merits of the selected Alignment:

The alignment for the proposed ropeway project was selected based on the following

guidelines:

I. Availability of adequate space for proposed terminal stations;

II. Low density of forest cover thereby reducing number of trees to be felled;

III. Major points / locations to be connected along the route;

IV. Minimum possible infringement with the environment;

V. No rehabilitation or relocation involved

VI. Stability of the location vis-à-vis geology; and

VII. Financial feasibility of constructing terminal stations.

VIII. Minimum numbers of trees are required to be cut.

5.3 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES ASSESSED

Aerial ropeway is one of the means of transport system that was adopted for transportation

of men and material from one place to another, especially across difficult zone like crossing

of rivers, gorge, etc. by means of carriers supported and pulled by rope. Research revealed

that Chinese used ropeways as early as 300 BC where an old Chinese ink drawing dating as

back as around 300 BC shows people are seen getting transported over rivers and canyons

by means of hemp ropes and straw baskets.

Over the years in the past, Ropeways have been used commercially in bigger scale. There

have been research and developments over the years, and today ropeway is not only a very

safe and reliable mode of transport, but also an environment friendly one as it does not have

negative impacts from emission and ecology points of view because of its reliability, ease of

installation & operation, and environment friendly aspects. Ropeways are being widely used

as a very effective means of transporting passengers in mountain regions, ski-resorts and

tourism purposes.

At the same time, ropeway system has been highly developed for Industrial usages for

transportation of materials over long distances where other conventional means cannot be



used due to inaccessible terrain, high investments for construction of access roads or

railways. Material ropeways transport high loads of raw materials, merchandise and

construction materials and are capable

There are various types of ropeway technologies which are described below:

5.3.1 Proposed Ropeway

5.3.1.1 Bi-cable Ropeway

In Bi-Cable ropeways, there is one (or more) carrying rop(s) along which the vehicle rolls

by means of its carriage and one (or more) haulage rope(s) which propel the vehicles.

Classification depending upon type of Movement

Under this category of classification, ropeway system can be classified as-

i) To & Fro Motion

ii) Circulating operation

iii) Pulsating Ropeways

i) To & Fro Motion (Jig-Back): In this type of ropeways, the vehicle oscillates

“To & Fro” between stations on the same track by inverting the hauling

ropes direction of motion.

ii) Circulating Operation: In circulating operation ropeways, the vehicles are

propelled by constant intermittent running ropes. Up & Down transportation

takes place in different tracks. The circulating ropeways can be further

subdivided into -

i. Fixed Grip Installations: Where the carriers are permanently

attached to the haulage or Carrying-hauling rope is called Fixed Grip

type ropeway.

ii. Detachable installations: In case of detachable ropeways, the grip of

carriers is detached and re-attached in the stations.

iii) Pulsating Ropeways:

Schematic of Pulsating Ropeway

This type of ropeway the speed of the rope can be varied. It can go up to a definite speed but

when the vehicles approach station, vehicle speed is reduced and finally it comes to a halt.



This is generally used for transportation of passengers in amusement parks. During de-

boarding and boarding, all other vehicles are stationery in line.

On the basis of the movement, Jig-Back is selected.

However, for the purpose of material transportation, the following types of Ropeway System

are in use:

a. Continuously Moving Mono-Cable Ropeway with Fixed Grip

b. Continuously Moving Mono-Cable Ropeway with Detachable Grip

c. Continuously Moving Bi-Cable Ropeway with Detachable Grip

d. Double track Bicable System

For the purpose of material transportation, Continuously Moving Bi-Cable Ropeway

with Detacable Grip and Double track Bicable system are selected.

a. Continuously Moving Mono-Cable Ropeway with Fixed Grip: In this system

a single endless rope supported on intermediate tower sheaves serves the dual

purpose of carrying as well as hauling a carrier suspended on it from one place to

the other. The carriers are suspended from the rope and clipped to it by the

gravity force arising out of its own weight as also weight of material. When

driven, the carrier moves with the rope from one point to the other. At the

stations the carriers are automatically detached from the moving rope to facilitate

loading / unloading operation.

Advantages:

• Low capital investment

• Simple in construction, operation and maintance.

• Skilled operative personnel are not required.

• Limited number of equipments/moving parts. Hence low operation cost.

Disadvantages:

• Limited transport capacity. High rate of transportation is not possible.

• Cannot negotiate steep gradient. Since the carries are clipped to the rope

by gravity force only, possibility of slippages while negotiating a

gradient. In high. Hence generally unsuitable for a hullly terrain.

• Large span between supports are not possible. Hence capability of

negotiating a gorge/valley is limited.

• Maintence of large number of towers and tower mechanicals.

• High speed is not possible.



CONVENTIONAL MONOCABLE SYSTEM

b. Continuously Moving Mono-Cable Ropeway with Detachable Grip: This

system is a development in a material Ropeway system. Operating principal is

same as conventional monocable. Only difference is that a special grip with the

carriers are used which remain firmly attached by some external forces provided

through a pair of special spring in addition to gravity forces. when the carrier

approaches or leaves a station, it passes over a special device where the grip

automatically detaches itself from the continuously moving rope and moves on

fixed structure and the chair/ cabin speed is reduced. At the time of leaving the

station, the carrier catches n to the continuously moving rope and while passing

though a device installed at the stations, the grip is automatically coupled to the

moving rope. This type of ropeway can go up to a speed of 6 mps (however, in

India the maximum permissible speed is 4 mps).

Advantages:

• Can negotiate steep gradient

• Can follow the natural ground terrain eliminating the need of tall towers

while negotiationg a gorge/valley. Hence ideally suitable for a hilly

terrain

• Low capital expenses copared to Bicable system

• Simple in construction, operation and maintance

Disadvantages:

• Cannot have high transport capacity.

• Installation and operation costs are higher than conventional system.

• Large span between towers not possible. Hence maintaince of many

towers and tower mechanicals

• High speed not possible



DETACHABLE SYSTEM

c. Continuously Moving Bi-Cable Ropeway with Detachable Grip: In bicable

system, there is tensioned stationery Track Ropes both on Load and empty side

and a second endless rope attached to each carrier. The carriers are suspended

from the Track Ropes at intervals which carry their weight. The Haul Rope is

firmly attached to the carrier and when driven, move the carriers from one point

to the other. The Bicable system, because of special locked coil type Track Ropes

and more complicated carriages are always more expensive than a Monocable

System. This type of ropeway can go up to a speed of 10 mps on track rope and

7.5 mps over line supports i.e. saddles on line trestles as when the cabin reaches

station, it detaches itself from the continuously moving hauling rope and moves

on fixed structure and the cabin speed is reduced to crawling speed. This type is

very costly and requires maximum mechanicals in stations. With this type system

longer unsupported span is possible.

Advantages:

• Large Single span possible.

• High transport capacity and speed.

• Less number of moving parts.

Disdvantages:

• High capital investment

• System being sophisticated requires qualified operational & maintenance

staff.

BICABLE SYSTEM



d. Double Track Bicable System: In double track bicable system, there is

tensioned stationery 2 (two) Track Ropes both on Load and empty side and a

second endless rope attached to each carrier. The carriers are suspended from the

Track Ropes at intervals which carry their weight. The Haul Rope is firmly

attached to the carrier and when driven, move the carriers from one point to the

other. The Double Track Bicable System, because of numbers of special locked

coil type Track Ropes and more complicated carriages are always more

expensive than a Monocable and a Bicable System.

Advantages:

• Large Single span possible.

• Very High transport capacity and speed.

• Less number of moving parts.

Disdvantages:

• High capital investment

• System being sophisticated requires qualified operational & maintenance

staff.

5.4 PROPOSED ROPEWAY SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY

Based on the detailed analysis of relative advantages and disadvantages of different ropeway

systems and bearing in mind the length and the terrain for the hourly capacity, 5 no. of Bi-

cable ropeway and one twin track bi-cable ropeway is proposed to be installed which is

most suitable system for material ropeway on the basis of the following merits:

i. Depending on the operating capacity requirement, the recommended Ropeways can

be conveniently achieved

ii. Ropeway System can easily and conveniently negotiate the terrain, the steep gradient

and long span across deep valleys & gorges,



iii. The mechanical components involved in the installation is not much, therefore, it is

easy to operation and maintain.

iv. The system does not demand highly skilled or experienced work force to operate and

maintenance since human capacity is a challenge in the region.

The objective of HPPCL is to use the ropeway is for transportation of Construction

materials from road side to the work Site on the other side of the loading station over the

river. The straight path encountered most hostile terrain with steep gradient with deep and

wide gorges and valleys and much more inaccessible.

The following points are kept in mind while designing the ropeway:

1. The ropeway shall be suitable for carrying construction materials e.g. cement,

astragals, sand, reinforcement bar, components, and concrete mixing machine in

dismantled condition.

2. Material to be loaded and unloaded at the terminal stations only.

3. The ropeway will be driven by electric motor through suitable control drive system.

4. Minimum no. of rope supporting trestle to be considered. Since the ropeway profile

for almost all cases are crossing Nallah or small stream it is preferred to avoid trestle

in between

5. Since the ropeway profile is across a Nallah or stream there is possibility of high wind

velocity.

5.4.1 SYSTEM WORKING DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ROPEWAY

5.4.1.1 Twin Track Bi-cable Jig Back Ropeway

It is proposed to be a twin track bi-cable jig back ropeway with single hauling rope. There

shall be two nos. track rope running from Loading Station to Unloading station. There could

be one or two trestles to support the track rope. However, for almost all the ropeways there

will be no intermediate trestle. Both track ropes will be anchored positively to anchor

bracket/ frame on foundation. The track ropes will pass over the saddles mounted on station

structure. To the Lower station the rope is anchored through mechanical tensioning device

and then to anchor bracket on the foundation. The track ropes are tensioned for the

recommended tension and done in such a way that they are parallel throughout.

An endless hauling rope runs all along the center of the track ropes and below it. The

hauling rope is clamped to the carriage to give the required motion. Hauling rope is given

the required tensions by weighted type gravity tension in tension tower.



Ropeway main drive comprises of main electric AC motor with VVVF drive and a helical

gearbox coupled to the drive sheave shaft. There are two nos. of brake provided in the drive.

One on the gearbox input shaft and the other is on the drive sheave.

The electric motor drive is controlled by VVVF drive that adjusts the demand of power and

maintains a constant speed. For a condition when the system is regenerative the drive

dissipates the energy through thermal dissipater and maintains the constant speed.

Acceleration and deceleration of the ropeway is to be controlled by the electric drive

system.

The ropeway drive mechanicals comprise of suitable diameter drive sheave made out of

good quality cast iron / cast steel / steel fabrication as per design requirement. The drive

sheave rope groove shall have suitable machined groove with or with out liner as per design

and life requirement. A lined groove will give longer life to rope and drive. This sheave is

mounted on machined steel shaft and supported in antifriction bearing housing. The end of

shaft will be fitted with geared coupling and is then coupled to a rugged helical gearbox of

size to suit the drive requirement.

Suitable size AC squirrel cage induction motor is coupled to the input shaft of the gearbox

through flexible / resilient type coupling with a provision of brake drum for external braking

by thrustor brake. Additional disc brake of suitable size and capacity to be fitted to the other

side of drive sheave shaft. This will act as emergency / parking brake.

Deflection sheaves are used to guide the rope from drive or return sheave to the line sheave

at station front.

5.4.1.2 Bi-cable Jig Back Ropeway

In Bicable jig back system in place of two track ropes only one-track rope will be there, rest

will remain same as above.

5.4.2 SYSTEM WORKING DESCRIPTION OF LOADING & UNLOADING

STATION

5.4.2.1 Loading Station

The Loading Station is a ground level structure. The operation of this station will be as

follows:

An empty Trolley approaching the station will be automatically slowed down by the VVVF

controlled drive and will stop at a predetermined location. Now, if this is an empty trolley



material can be loaded with care. The trolley to be anchored after it is lowered to the station.

load the materials and place them properly so that the loading is uniform and does not make

eccentric loading. Tie tem properly with the trolley frame by manila rope.

Raise the trolley to about 450 mm above the station floor so that it does foul with the floor.

Lock the lifting device properly. Check the center of gravity is balanced so that the trolley is

horizontal. Before starting the ropeway Clear anchor and any other obstruction in the way of

trolley movement.

Ropeway drive will be located at Upper Station. The main motor, gearbox, other

transmission machinery including control panel will be located here. The main drive will

have option to drive from power from DG set.

The ropeway will operate in forward direction to lift material to upper station. When

operating in reverse direction it will lower the trolley to lower station.

The haulage rope will be made endless by splicing and will return from the return station.

The rope tension will be provided at lower station. Haulage rope will have weighted tension

whereas the track rope will have fixed tension by screw mechanism. Since the land between

the Lower station and Upper station is a very rough terrain intermediate trestle has been

avoided as far as possible.



5.4.2.2 Unloading Station

The Unloading Station is an elevated / ground structure. The operation of the station is as

follows:

A loaded trolley on arriving at the station entrance to be stopped for unloading of material.

The ropeway stops automatically at a pre-determined position in the station. Check that the

brake is engaged before working in the trolley for unloading. By the help of the lifting

mechanism provided in the carriage assembly lower the trolley on the station floor. Anchor

the trolley by suitable chain and hook so that the trolley does not move while the unloading

is being done. Now bring the Hydra or other Lifting machine to suit the load. In case the

materials can be manually unloaded the same can be done.



After unloading clean the trolley and then load with materials that is planned to be lowered

to lower station, if any.

Two nos. manual Chain pulley blocks of suitable capacity are fitted to the bottom hooking

points on either side of the carriage. The trolley to be raised by means of the lifting device in

the carriage so that it clears the floor while making the return journey. It is necessary to

align and level the trolley by suitable adjustment and the hoist to be locked.

At the return station there is a return sheave same as drive sheave mounted on tension

trolley. This tension trolley moves on rail to provide the to and fro motion for the tensioning

of the haulage rope. To other side of the tension trolley the tension rope is attached and it

passes over the sheaves on tension tower and connected to counter weight. Adequate rope

tension is provided by this gravity type tensioning arrangement.

The track rope is tensioned by means of tension screw. This system is required to align the

two track ropes for similar catenary.



5.4.3 PROPOSED ROPEWAY DESIGN CALCULATIONS

Alternative 1: Deothal Chanju HEP 30 MW

1. Ropeway 1 (DR1):

ITEM UNIT VALUE

Horizontal Length M 309.332

Level difference M 89.841

Inclined length (Approx) M 235.97

Slope Deg 22.38

Wt of carriage and trolley (Estimated) Kg 1800

Load (Materials) Kg 3000

Haulage rope Dia. mm 22

Wt. Rate Kg/m 1.98

Applied Tension Te 4.5

H rope MBL (1960 N/mm² grade) kN 314

F O S Haulage rope 4.41

Track rope Dia. mm 34

Tr Rope wt rate Kg/m 6.48

MBL (1570 N/mm² grade) kN 1100

Track rope appl. Tension Te 29.5

F O S Track rope 3.8

CLIMB ANGLE Deg 28.72

Total pull Kg 2764.202

Speed m/s 2

KW required KW 54.215

Drive efficiency % 75

Motor required KW 90.359

Provide Motor KW 110

Travel time sec 186

2. Ropeway 2 (DR2):

ITEM UNIT VALUE




Slope Deg 26.36




Wt. Rate Kg/m 1.98













Speed m/s 2





Travel time sec 309

3. Ropeway 3 (DR3):

ITEM UNIT VALUE




Slope Deg 18.50




Wt. Rate Kg/m 1.98











Speed m/s 2




Provide Motor KW 90

Travel time sec 538

4. Ropeway 4 (DR4):

ITEM UNIT VALUE




Slope Deg 19.13




Wt. Rate Kg/m 1.98













Speed m/s 2





Travel time sec 759

5. Ropeway 5 (DR5):

ITEM UNIT VALUE




Slope Deg 24.30




Wt. Rate Kg/m 2.33

Applied Tension Te 5










Speed m/s 2





Travel time sec 623

Alternative 1: Deothal Chanju HEP 30 MW, connecting all take off points:

1. Ropeway Section I

ITEM UNIT VALUE






Slope Deg 9.60




Wt. Rate Kg/m 1.35











Speed m/s 2




Provide Motor KW 60

Travel time sec 587

2. Ropeway Section II

ITEM UNIT VALUE




Slope Deg 7.89




Wt. Rate Kg/m 1.49











Speed m/s 2




Provide Motor KW 60

Travel time sec 492



3. Ropeway Section III

ITEM UNIT VALUE




Slope Deg 5.42




Wt. Rate Kg/m 1.49











Speed m/s 2




Provide Motor KW 50

Travel time sec 507

4. Ropeway Section IV

ITEM UNIT VALUE




Slope Deg 3.25




Wt. Rate Kg/m 1.49













Speed m/s 2




Provide Motor KW 60

Travel time sec 1343

5. Ropeway Section V

ITEM UNIT VALUE




Slope Deg 3.76




Wt. Rate Kg/m 1.49











Speed m/s 2




Provide Motor KW 60

Travel time sec 313

6. Ropeway Section VI

ITEM UNIT VALUE




Slope Deg 6.80




Wt. Rate Kg/m 1.98













Speed m/s 2




Provide Motor KW 75

Travel time sec 745



CHAPTER 6: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

An Environment Monitoring Plan is prepared for construction as well as the operation

phase. It provides a delivery mechanism to address the adverse environmental impacts of a

project during its execution, to enhance project benefits, and to introduce standards of

good practice to be adopted for all project works. An environmental monitoring program is

important as it provides useful information and helps to:

• Assist in detecting the development of any unwanted environmental situation, and

thus, provides opportunities for adopting appropriate control measures, and

• Define the responsibilities of the project proponents, contractors and

environmental monitors and provides means of effectively communicating

environmental issues among them.

• Define monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters.

• Evaluate the performance and effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed in

the Environment Management Plan (EMP) and suggest improvements in

management plan, if required,

• Identify training requirement at various levels.

▪ DETAILS OF MONITORING TO JUDGE EFFECTIVENESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL

CONTROL MEASURES

To check the efficiency of system with proposed modifications a regular monitoring

programme has been drawn. The program has been outlined for construction and

operation phase. The details of which are given below:

During Construction/Installation Phase:

TABLE 6-1ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE

During Construction Phase

Sr. No. Type of Monitoring Frequency

of Monitoring

Parameter Location Cost in Rs. (Annually)

1 Ambient Air Quality Six Monthly

Particulate Matter (PM 2.5)

Particulate Matter (PM 10)

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

Four Locations in and around the project

site

48000



2 Stack Monitoring Six Monthly Particulate Matter,

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

DG sets of capacity 7x35

kVA, 2x40 kVA, 2x30 kVA

& 2x50 kVA installed for construction

purposes

9000

3 Water Quality Monitoring for drinking water

Six Monthly All parameters

mentioned in IS:10500 One drinking water sample

20000

4

Water Quality Monitoring for Construction

purpose

Six Monthly All parameters

mentioned in IS:456

One construction water sample

16000

5 Noise Level Monitoring

Six Monthly Day and Night noise level Two locations 14000

6 Soil Quality Monitoring

Six Monthly All parameters to check

soil Fertility


site

40000

7

Monitoring of waste generation

and other pollution control aspects

Six Monthly _ _ 20000

Total 167000

During operation Phase:

During Operation Phase

Sr. No. Type of Monitoring Frequency

of Monitoring

Parameter Location Cost in Rs. (Annually)

1 Ambient Air Quality Annually

Particulate Matter (PM 2.5),

Particulate Matter (PM 10),



site

48000

2 Stack Monitoring Annually Particulate Matter,


DG sets of capacity 7x35

kVA, 2x40 kVA, 2x30

kVA & 2x50 kVA installed

30000

3 Water Quality Monitoring for drinking water

Annually All parameters mentioned

in IS:10500 One drinking water sample

20000

4 Ambient Noise

Level Monitoring Annually Day and Night noise level

Two locations

14000



6 DG Set Room Noise

Monitoring Annually

Inside and Outside of DG Set Enclosure

Four Locations

32000

7 Soil Quality Monitoring

Annually All parameters to check

soil Fertility


site

40000

8

Monitoring of Waste Generation

and other pollution control aspects

Annually _ _ 20000

Total 219000

▪ SUMMARIZED COST ON ENVIRONMENT MONITORING

S. No Monitoring (Construction Phase) Six Monthly Amount (In Rs.)

Annual Amount (In Rs.)

1 Air and Stack Monitoring 28500 57000

2 Water Monitoring 18000 36000

3 Noise Monitoring 7000 14000

4 Soil Monitoring 20000 40000

5. Solid Waste Generation Monitoring / Record Keeping

10000 20000

Total Rs. 83,500/Six Month Rs. 1,67,000/Year

S. No Monitoring (Operation Phase) Annual Amount (In Rs.)

1 Air Monitoring 48000

2 Stack Monitoring 30000

3 Water Monitoring 20000

4 Noise Monitoring 46000

5 Soil Monitoring 40000

6 Solid Waste Generation Monitoring / Record Keeping

20000

7 Other Misc. Expenses 10000

Total Rs. 2,14,000/Year

▪ SUMBISSION OF SIX MONTHLY COMPLIANCES

As per the standard environment clearance conditions, six monthly compliances of the

conditions mentioned in the EC letter has to be submitted to various concerned officials of

MOEF, SPCB and Regional office of CPCB. These compliances have to be submitted in the



months of June and December for the periods April to September and October to March

respectively every year for construction phase till the construction is completed and

operation phase for the life of the project.

▪ ENVIRONMENT AUDIT

Annual Environment Audit has to be conducted to check the compliance of environmental

conditions. The report shall be submitted to MoEF&CC R.O. and regional Pollution Control

Board.



CHAPTER 7: ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.1 GENERAL

There are certain additional studies, which may need to be conducted once project comes to

operation. The additional studies covered for the proposed project involves draft EIA report

prepared on the basis of TOR granted submitted for Public Hearing, risk assessment (RA),

Disaster Management Plan (DMP), Social Impact Assessment in connection with mining

and allied operations of the proposed project. It also covers dangers/ risks/ explosions/

accidents etc which are likely to arise from the project operations, including onsite and

offsite emergency plans to meet the disastrous situations.

7.2 PUBLIC CONSULTATION

Public hearing is very significant part of the process of public participation envisaged under

the guidelines issued by MoEF&CC, Government of India. It facilitates involvement of all

the stake holders of the project which is essential for ensuring smooth running of project and

benefiting all sections of society in the process of economic development of the region.

Draft EIA report is being prepared and submitted for Public Hearing. Points raised by the

stakeholders or officers during Public Hearing will be incorporated in EIA report along with

its compliance.

7.3 RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.3.1 Risk & Its Assessment

Risk is the probability or severity of occurrence of a harmful consequence due to hazards.

Hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat to life health or environment.

Disaster is a natural or man-made hazard resulting in an event of substantial extent causing

significant physical damage or distraction loss of life or drastic change in environment.

Risk Assessment: Qualitative and quantitative measurement of the potential loss of life,

personal injury, economic injury, and property damage resulting from hazards.

Risk assessment involves the following:

7.3.1.1 Hazard Identification

7.3.1.2 Vulnerability Analysis

7.3.1.3 Risk Analysis

7.3.1.4 Emergency Plan



The main objective of this Risk Assessment (RA) study for the proposed ropeway is to

identify the disasters due to natural causes, human caused occurrences & technical failures

and to provide risk mitigating measures to reduce associated hazards.

7.3.1.1 Hazard Identification

Aerial ropeway above chanju nallah may present a number of hazards to the general public,

operating and maintenance staff. Ropeway will be liable to suffer from two types of

disasters:

NATURAL DISASTERS

Natural disasters include earthquakes, landslides, rock falls, floods, storms, avalanche,

lightening, cloud burst etc. Risk Analysis due to Natural Hazards are discussed in section

7.3.3.1 of this chapter.

HUMAN -CAUSED OCCURRENCES

Man-made occurrences include:

• Fire

• Electrical faults

• Technical faults like rope with broken wires in service, drive / return sheave shaft failure

/ tension system failure, mount assembly parts failure, over speeding of ropeway / brake

failure, rollback, slippage / fall of cabin, entanglement of cabin, swinging of cabin

resulting in falling of cabin, cabin derailment at station etc.

Hazard analysis for the Natural &Man-madeDisasters is discussed in the Table 7-1

TABLE 7-1HAZARD ANALYSIS

Hazards Severity (1-5) likelihood (1-5) Severity x likelihood (1-25)

(Hazards scoring 1-12 are

less serious hazards & 13-25

are very serious hazards &

need prior attention)

Natural hazard

Earthquake 5 2 10

Landslides 5 4 20

Flood 2 2 4

Wind & cyclone 2 2 4

Cloud Burst 3 1 3

Man-made hazard

Fire & explosion 5 2 10

Electrical 3 5 15



Technical/ Accident 4 3 20

Security 3 1 3

7.3.2 Vulnerability Analysis

As per the hazards analysis given in Table 7-1, the vulnerable areas during construction

phase are mainly the immediate areas under construction.

The vulnerability analysis during operation phase is given for natural as well as man-made

hazards are shown in Table 7-2 & table 7-3 respectively.

TABLE 7-2VULNERABLE LOCATIONS/ AREAS FOR NATURAL HAZARDS

Hazard Vulnerability

Earthquake Damage to Towers, trolleys

Landslides Damage to Towers.

Wind & cyclone There are very moderate chances of wind & cyclone; this can

cause damage to cable car.

Cloud Burst Cloud burst can cause soil erosion, landslides and flooding on

project site. It can cause damage to towers.

TABLE 7-3VULNERABLE LOCATIONS OF DIFFERENT MAN-MADE HAZARDS

Hazard Vulnerable Locations

Fire Trolleys, Terminal Stations, Control Room

Mechanical/ Accident Trolleys, Ropes, Terminal Stations, Ropeway Towers

7.3.3 Risk Analysis

7.3.3.1 Environmentally Induced Risks and Hazards

Natural Calamity Hazard Profile

Hazard profile map of India (published by Home Ministry of India as a part of document

‘Disaster Management Plan in India’) is depicted in figure 7-1.

The region having project site is prone to following Hazards:

• Earthquake

• Landslides

• Flooding

• Wind & Cyclone

• Cloud Burst

Above findings are supported by profile map of India for earthquake, Landslides flooding

and wind & cyclone as depicted in Fig. 7-1:



FIGURE 7-1NATURAL CALAMITY HAZARD PROFILE OF INDIA

7.1.1 Seismicity

As per fig. 7- 2, the project site is located in chamba district which falls in seismic zone V

which indicates very high damage risk zone.



FIGURE 7-2SEISMIC MAP OF (SOURCE: NDRRP)

7.1.2 Landslides

According to geological, topographical and climatic conditions of the area and human

factors such as deforestation, unscientific road construction (blasting carried out for road

cuttings), constructions of dams or reservoirs, housing schemes, roads, terracing and water

intensive agricultural practices on steep slopes etc., implemented without proper

environmental impact assessments have increased the intensity and frequency of landslides.

The landslide vulnerability in case of Chamba, is high. Landslides may occur at the project

site, if, slope stability is not maintained.



FIGURE 7-3LANDSLIDES MAP (SOURCE-NIDM)

7.1.3 Flooding

The Chamba district falls in high vulnerable districts. More particularly the flash flood

hazard incidences are increasing causing large scale damage.

FIGURE 7-4FLOOD MAP OF UTTARAKHAND



7.1.4 Wind & Cyclone

The temperature variation and wind speed are directly proportional to avalanches. It is

evident from the map below that the project is a moderate risk.

FIGURE 7-5WIND HAZARD MAP (SOURCE- SDMA)



7.1.5 Cloud Burst

Though not a regular phenomenon, cloudbursts lead to exceptionally heavy rainfall and

sudden flash floods in the mountainous streams and rivers, leading to breaching of banks

and overflowing of dams.

7.3.3.2 Human Induced Risks and Hazards

7.1.6 Fire & Explosion:

Since it is a ropeway project, fire can mainly cause due to electric spark in electrical room,

fire in the surrounding forest area, fire in fuel storage places, etc. The Fire & explosion can

cause loss to material of construction.

7.1.7 Technical Failures/ Accident:

As the ropeway consists of cable cars, ropes & big & heavy machineries, technical failures

as discussed in Section 7.1.1 can cause risks to people working in the area during

construction phase & operation phase.

Consequences of the discussed hazards may result into accident.

7.4 PREVENTIVE MEASURES

7.4.1 Natural Occurrences

7.4.1.1 Earthquake:

The project will be situated in Seismic Zone-V area. Special attention shall be given to the

structural design of foundation, elements of masonry, timber, plain concrete, reinforced

concrete, pre-stressed concrete, and structural steel. All applicable guidelines will also be

followed in this regard to ensure safety of the building.

7.4.1.2 Landslides:

The area where ropeway is proposed is highly prone to landslides. Structural stability &

safety is must to prevent ropeway damage due to landslides. Slope stability in the area shall

be maintained at 450.

7.4.1.3 Flooding:

• Although the site is not prone to flooding & being at the highest peak, the probability of

flooding is very less, proper designing of drainage system shall be done.

• All the waste water shall be disposed off to soak pits.



• Structures shall be built in such a way that no harm occurs to the people & structures

due to flooding due to natural calamities.

7.4.2 Man-made Occurences

7.4.2.1 Fire and Life Safety:

• Smoking must be prohibited.

• Electrical equipment must be explosion-proof to meet national electrical code

requirements.

• Dry chemical extinguishers should be accessible for small fires. An adequate supply of

handheld and wheeled types should be available.

• Hydrants should be strategically placed with adequate hoses.

• Small spills should be remediated with sand, earth, or other non-combustible absorbent

material, and the area then flushed with water.

7.4.2.2 Technical Faults & Accidents

• Bucket carrying material shall be provided with 2 nos. detachable rope grips.

• The ropeway system will be provided with minimum of two braking systems (Normal,

Emergency and Service Brake). The emergency shall be hydraulically operated brake

provided on braking track of drive sheave. The service brake shall be electromagnetic

brake provided on high speed brake disc.

• In event of main power supply failure, the system should have full rated Diesel

Generator to supply power to run drive motors.

• Standby separate motor system will be provided for each station to run ropeway at slow

speed in case of failure of main motor or power failure of DG set.

• Line safety devices should be installed on each trestle, holds down & pressure frames

which immediately stop the ropeway in the unlikely event of rope derailment. This

should comprise of electrical trip limit switch with attachment mounted on line sheave

mount. In an accidental acse, if the hauling rope comes out of line sheaves it should be

automatically trip the ropeway by the actuation of limit switch through the attachment.

• Rope catcher will be provided on mount beams on line trestle, P.F. and Stations to

arrest/ support the hauling rope in case of de-ropement.

• Emergency push buttons will be provided at stations to stop the ropeway, if required.

• The ropeway main drive motors to be tripped if:

o Set rope speed exceed by 5 %



o Wind speed exceeds the limit 150 km/hr as per Indian Standard so that damage

to the rope and bucket due to the vibration caused can be prevented.

• The project shall be provided with anemometers to monitor the wind speed and to

provide trip signals to main drive in case wind speed exceeds a pre-determined set

speed.

• Each station will have a first-aid medical facility.

7.5 MAINTENANCE & MANAGEMENT OF ROPEWAY

7.5.1 Maintenance Record

The ropeway operator will ensure that:

• Written procedures are developed for operating the equipment under all reasonably

foreseeable conditions, and that all safety requirements are incorporated into these

procedures.

• Records are kept of every critical safety stage in the operation of ropeway.

• Operating procedures and all other relevant operating records are freely available to

any person who operates the equipment.

• All operational data are available for inspection by any authorised person who is

involved with the ropeway, including equipment inspectors.

7.5.2 Daily Operational Requirements

Starting of ropeway: The ropeway will be start by the competent person authorised by the

management.

Daily inspections: Prior to transporting material, a daily inspection will be conducted by

competent personal. As a minimum, the inspection will consist of the following:

• Inspect visually each terminal, station, and the entire length of the ropeway,

including grips, hangers and carriers:

• Note the position of tension trolley and ensure that tensioning system is free to

move in both directions.

• Test the operation of all manual and automatic switches in terminals, stations, and

loading and unloading areas, as per the manufacturer’s specifications.

• Test the operation of main drive and all braking systems.

• Test the operation of communication systems.



• Note the general condition of the hauling rope.

7.5.3 Operation Log

• A daily operational log shall be maintained for ropeway.

• The daily operational log shall include at least the following:

a) Date;

b) Names and duty stations of operating personnel;

c) Operating hours and purpose of operations;

d) Temperature, wind, and weather conditions and changes, with times of changes

noted;

e) Record of compliance with daily operational inspection;

f) Position and condition of the tensioning carriage and of the counterweight or other

tensioning devices;

g) Accidents, malfunctions, or abnormal occurrences during operation; and

h) Signature of the operator.

7.5.4 Maintenance of Ropeway

The maintenance program will comprise of procedures for addressing all components

subject to load, wear, corrosion or fatigue. This would include:

• The types of lubricants required and frequency of application;

• The types of testing required and frequency of testing;

• The definitions and measurements to determine excessive wear and replacement

criteria.

• The recommended frequency of service to specific parts and details of the service

required.

• Identification of other areas that might require specific attention.

7.5.5 Ropeway Management

The ropeway management shall ensure that:

• The ropeway including all safety devices is maintained in accordance with the

maintenance and inspection schedules and are kept in safe working condition at all

times.

• A procedure is in place which requires any faults found in the ropeway to be

reported immediately by the person who finds the fault, investigated and, where

necessary, maintained, adjusted, repaired or altered.



• Ropeway that has been subject to maintenance, whether routine maintenance or

maintenance in response to a fault found, shall be appropriately tested before re-

entering service, to ensure their design compliance.

• All maintenance procedures relating to the ropeway shall be kept in controlled status

regularly updated and continually improved and shall be executed by competent

persons.

• Proper inventory of spare parts shall be maintained in a proper storage area.

The operator of the ropeway will ensure that:

• The date, time and full details of any maintenance work undertaken and the results

of any maintenance procedure carried out.

• Ensure that maintenance records are available for examination by all persons

concerned, including equipment inspectors.

• Keep record of running hours and/or number of loading cycles operated by a

ropeway and its condition, where a material ropeway, or any of its components, is

subject to condition monitoring.

7.5.6 Inspection of Ropeway

The owner /operator of the ropeway shall ensure that:

• Commissioning inspection has been carried out by an equipment inspector, who

shall also witness all relevant tests.

• Formal pre-season inspections are carried out

• The ropeway is inspected in-service at least annually for issue of certificate of

inspection.

• Daily and periodic maintenance inspections are carried out.

Records: A list of parts to be inspected will be maintained. The operator of the ropeway

will maintain records of the date, time, time and results of any inspection carried out and the

name of the inspection body engaged.

7.5.7 Tests of Ropeway Operation

The ropeway operator will ensure that:

• All routine tests of emergency procedures, and of alarms, and safety devices, relating

to the ropeway, are carried out at appropriate intervals.



• Every overload test is carried out under strict conditions, is monitored at all times

and does not exceed the limits specified in the relevant design or operating standard;

• The ropeway is not loaded above its safe working load, except for the purposes of an

overload test.

The records of the following will be maintained:

• The date, time, details and results of any tests carried out are recorded.

• Comments on the performance of ropeway in any test, and on any maintenance done

or any adjustment, alteration, or repair made as a result of any test are recorded; and

• Any data arising from testing are readily available for inspection by authorised

persons including equipment inspectors.

The Emergency Management Cell teams outline is given in figure 7-6:

FIGURE 7-6EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT CELL TEAMS OUTLINE

7.6 SPECIFIC SAFETY FEATURES FOR A ROPEWAY

There are numerous redundancies and secondary systems designed and built into the

construction and aerial ropeway technologies to ensure reliability and safety. Specific safety

features for a ropeway include:

Administrator / Head EMC

Chief Incident & Site incident controller

Safety & security

coordinator

Information officer Medical officer

First Aid Controller

Primary Controller Police/ DMA Hospital

Disaster Management Operator

(In house)



• Back-up Generators – In the event of a primary engine failure, secondary diesel

generators are typically available to continue operation.

• Secondary Bearing System – The main bull wheels in each terminal may have a

secondary set of bearings in the event of primary bearing failure.

• Tire Conveyor Redundancy – Both the accelerator and decelerator conveyors have

secondary lines with separate power in the event of a primary failure.

• Recovery concept -If secondary power fails and on-line rescue is required,

comprehensive evacuation guidelines are implemented and carried out by specially

trained personnel. The form of the evacuation depends on lift type and site

conditions.

• In order to enhance system reliability, besides the electric main drive unit (AC

motor), two independent hydrostatic emergency drive units allow for operation of

the system at a reduced capacity and in emergency cases for each section.

• The hydraulic emergency drive can be installed to bring the bucket zback to the

station.

• The detachable system features friction sheaves at the incoming and outgoing sides

of the stations. These sheaves transmit the speed of the rope via double V-belts to the

conveyors which transport the carriers through the stations. This configuration

ensures positive control and synchronization of rope speed and carrier conveying

speed in each station in both forward and reverse directions, irrespective of the drive

selected.

• Key functions of the ropeway, such as rope speed and grip opening and closing

operations, are monitored and controlled by electronic safety circuits in order to

ensure smooth operation and maximum safety. Fixed rope tensioning is achieved by

two hydraulic cylinders in the tensioning terminal for each rope loop.

• Two separate brakes will be provided in the drive of ropeway system.

• In the event of main power failure, full capacity standby D.G. set will be provided to

supply power to run drive motor.

• Standby separate motor system/rescue engine will be provided to run ropeway at

slow speed to bring bucket back from line in case of failure of main motor or power

failure from DG set.



• Rope catcher will be provided with the fully articulated sheave mount beam at

incoming and outgoing side on line trestles and Stations to arrest / support the

hauling rope in case of de-ropement.

• Emergency push buttons will be provided at all stations to stop the ropeway, if

required.

• Both the stations and line safety devices will also be operative during running the

ropeway with separate motor at a maximum speed of 1 m/ sec. Battery back should

also be provided for opening of service and emergency brakes.

• Control Panels and Distribution Boards will be provided at all stations for operation

as well as maintenance purposes. Control relays and interlocks will be provided for

rescue Drive, emergency motor and brake operation. A.C. drive will be provided

with forward reverse operation, speed variation (auto and manual) and inching

facilities.

• Line safety devices are installed on each trestle, which immediately stop the

ropeway in the unlikely event of rope derailment. This comprises of electrical

Ceramic fuses with attachment mounted on line sheave mount.

• Set rope speed exceeds by 5%

• Wind speed exceeds the set limit.

All elements of the ropeway are mounted onto a steel structure which is anchored on

concrete foundations.

7.7 SAFETY MEASURES FOR WILDLIFE

From the safety point of view, the aerial ropeway seems to offer no danger of any kind to

the Wild Life. However, all precautions and safety measures will be taken to ensure

Maximum Safety of the any type of Wild life at site during construction as well as

Operational Phase, which are discussed as under:

7.7.1 During construction phase

• Night time construction activities will not be allowed in order to minimize the human-

animal conflict.

• Storage Yards for Construction Material, Tower Erection Steel Structures, Cable storage

areas and other related Storage and working areas shall be properly made.



• The storage yards and construction areas will be barricaded with meshed wire fence of at

least 3 m height. This would prevent the wild animals from accidentally entering into

these work areas during the construction phase and thus ensure their safety.

7.7.2 During Operational Phase

• Minimum required area is being considered for the construction of Terminal Stations.

• As the Ropeway Towers, which shall be made up of steel, are to be erected over the

ground, the base of the towers shall be of some danger to the Wild Life. Thus, they

would be closed in a mesh wire enclosure which shall be approximately 6 feet (2 m)

high. This would prevent any animals from straying into these steel girder bases of the

towers.



CHAPTER 8: PROJECT BENEFITS

Aerial Ropeway is fast emerging technology of providing transportation of raw material

especially for hilly and tough terrains. It is totally environment friendly with least generation

of any type of pollutants. The land requirement is minimal as the transportation of raw

material can be done till accessible Existing PWD roads and then through ropeways

(longitudinal & cross ropeways) thereby reducing any impact on the surface flora and fauna

of the region.

• The main objective of installation of the proposed ropeway, as mentioned earlier, is

to transport construction material for HEP.

• Looking at various options of transport system, there are only two options available

either road transport or aerial ropeway system, in which ropeway installation is fast,

eco-friendly as well as economic

• Ropeway System can negotiate steep gradient, with less space

• Ropeway is an environment friendly system. There will be very less impact of the

ecology and environment during the installation and operation of ropeway system.

There will not be stress on the forest and its coverage can be maintained intact

during the operation

• Ropeway, generally, does not change the land use pattern

• It rarely requires displacement or relocation. Being aerial, it does not obstruct the

movement underneath

• There will not be any conflict on the wild life as the operation of ropeway does not

generate any vibrations, sound, heat, etc. that might have negative impact on the

wild life

• As ropeway is electrically operated, there will not be additional pressure on the

requirement of fossil fuel for transportation of materials

• Since Ropeway will directly transfer the material, it will reduce the contamination

and wastage of the material



CHAPTER 9: ENVIRONMENTMANAGEMENT PLAN

The Environment Management Plan (EMP) is a site-specific plan developed to ensure that

the project is implemented in an environmentally sustainable manner where all stakeholders

including the project proponents, contractors and subcontractors, including consultants,

understand the potential environmental risks arising from the proposed project and take

appropriate actions to properly manage that risk. Adequate environmental management

measures will be incorporated during the entire planning, construction and operating stages

of the project to minimize any adverse environmental impact and assure sustainable

development of the area.

The EMP presented below will be followed and regular monitoring of relevant parameters

as stated in Chapter-6 shall be carried out.

The Environment Management Planning has been done by keeping in mind the present

environment of the site as discussed in Chapter-3 & the impacts & mitigation measures as

discussed in Chapter 4.

9.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT:

The major factors responsible for Land pollution & Land instability due to this ropeway are

mainly:

✓ Deforestation

✓ Disposal of waste on land

✓ Erosion of soil, noise & vibrations

✓ Weakening of rocks during construction

To keep the land clean & free from risks, following management techniques shall be

followed:

9.1.1 During Construction Phase

Project area involves total 53,800 sqm (5.38 ha.) of area which will be diverted for the

loading & unloading terminals including ropeway corridor for the proposed ropeway.

As discussed in Section 5.1, Diversion of forest land, i.e. tree cutting will be carried out as

per the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 for the development of terminals and pillars and

associated guidelines in this respect. To reduce the impact due to tree cutting a



compensatory afforestation plan as directed by Forest Department will be followed.

Necessary permission to carry out the procedure has already been applied.

To minimize the problem of landslides, no blasting will be done; instead, the foundation will

be dug manually with the help of drillers or with chained excavators.

The excess soil generated due to foundation excavation shall be used as a raw material in

construction & top soil shall be preserved for landscaping purposes for afforestation.

To avoid impacts on land due to disposal of waste, oil leaks, etc. separate storage yardswith

hard paving for waste storage, used oil storage, lubricating oil storage & other raw material

storage shall be maintained. Waste shall be stored at a covered place.

9.1.2 During Operation phase

By the construction of ropeway, the land use of the site as shown in Figure 9-1 will be

changed to a built-up land for which proposed land use is shown in Figure 9-2.

Area required for Area (ha) Type of Land

Ropeway Platform (i) 1.44 Forest land

Ropeway Span (ii) 3.94 Forest land

Total (i+ii) 5.38 ha Forest land

FIGURE 9-1 PROPOSED LANDUSE

Moreover, the impacts during the operation phase include waste disposal, leakage from

machineries, runoff near pillars & soil erosion causing instability of land.



The waste disposal will be limited to the loading and unloading stations of ropeway only.

Moreover, to avoid spread of waste on land, proper collection bins will be provided at the

terminal stations.

Lubricating oils for ropeway machineries & used oil generated from DG sets, machineries

etc. shall be collected properly in leak proof containers so as to avoid leakage & spillage of

oil on ground & ultimately contamination of soil.

As this is a temporary structure which will be removed after the construction HEP (30 MW),

thus the land will be restored by filling the terminals and planting trees above that.

9.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT


During construction Phase, the impact on Air Environment will mainly be due to the

fugitive emissions like particulate matter etc. that will be generated due to activities like

excavation, drilling, transportation & handling of equipment’s and materials, etc.

Air Quality shall be managed by the following:

• Although, construction activities will be mainly done at terminal stations, so dust

emissions will be minimal & in limited areas and dust generation will be minimized due

to localized meteorological conditions (as discussed in Section 3.3 of Chapter-3),

separate & covered storage yards for keeping the construction material& other raw

material shall be made.

• Constructed towers/ buildings will be covered with green cloth.

• Excavated soil shall be used to the extent possible as a raw material in construction &

rest of the soil & top soil shall be dumped to the dumping sites. After use of dumping

sites, Plantation shall be done on the dumping site with use of top soil.

• Dust generated due to drilling will be collected by JCB dust collectors & will be stored

at separate & covered place.

• Water sprinkling to settle down the dust generated during construction activities shall be

done.



9.2.2 During Operation Phase

Although, Ropeway operation is an environment friendly non-polluting transport system,

the main source of pollution will be the ropeway machineries & the dust emissions due to

material handling.

The management practices to be followed are as follows:

• Adequate Stack height for the DG sets above the terminal stations shall be provided to

discharge the effluent gases from machineries at a certain height.

• Regular sprinkling of water shall be done for dust suppression.

• Transported material will be fully covered.

• Regular cleaning of trolley after unloading of material to avoid fugitive emission.

9.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT


During construction Phase, total 8 KLD water shall be required for curing, ropeway

development, and sprinkling purposes. The water shall be taken from the chanju nallah

(Spring water).

Water management during construction Phase shall be done as under:

• The solid waste or debris generated shall be properly stored & disposed to avoid slurry

discharge in water courses like River in the vicinity.

• Runoff shall be collected & shall be treated for reuse in sprinkling & curing purposes, to

minimize the utilization of fresh water.

• Provision of Septic tanks followed by soak pits shall be made to ensure no discharge of

wastewater in open or near watercourses.


As per the maximum peak population load calculation discussed in Section 2.9, total water

requirement has been estimated to be 5 KLD as detailed in Table9-1 and water will be

sourced from chanju nallah (Spring water). Water shall be used mainly for flushing,

drinking, hand washing and miscellaneous purposes as shown in figure-9-3. Total quantity

of wastewater generation for will be 3.8 KLD.



TABLE 9-1WATER MANAGEMENT

S.

No.

Population Factor

(lpcd)

Water Requirement (in

KLD)

Waste water

(in KLD)

Total water

requirement

1. Staff 10 45 0.45

2. Labours 60 45 2.7

Sub Total 3 KLD

Domestic: 1 KLD

Flushing: 2 KLD

Domestic: 0.8

KLD

Flushing: 2

KLD

Total waste

water

generated= 2.8

KLD

3. Misc. 2 KLD 1 KLD

Total 70 5 KLD 3.8 KLD

FIGURE 9-2 WATER BALANCE

SOAK PIT

The water in the septic tank is not pure, it is called grey water because it still contains

organic materials that need to be filtered out. A Soak Pit is a covered, porous-walled

chamber that allows water to slowly soak into the ground. Pre-settled effluent from septic

tank is discharged to the underground chamber from where it infiltrates into the surrounding

soil.

http://civildigital.com/domestic-sewage-treatment-septic-tank-and-soak-pits/



Construction Details

A layer of sand and fine gravel is spread across the bottom to help disperse the flow. Depth

should be between 1.5 and 4m deep, but never less than 1.5m above the ground water

table. The Soak Pit is filled with coarse rocks and gravel. The rocks and gravel will prevent

the walls from collapsing but will still provide adequate space for the waste-water.

Working

As waste-water percolates through the soil from the soak pit, small particles are filtered out

by the soil matrix and organics are digested by micro-organism.

9.4 STORM WATER MANAGEMENT


Storm water runoff from the construction site shall not be allowed to flow down the hill.

The runoff shall be collected to the maximum extent possible & shall be treated for reuse in

sprinkling & curing activities.


Maximum collection of rain water shall be done and the stored water shall be reused

wherever possible.

Garland drains shall be constructed around the pillars/towers near loading and unloading to

ensure the proper drainage of the storm water and to prevent disturbance to the drainage

pattern of the area.



9.5 NOISE & VIBRATION ENVIRONMENT

9.5.1 During Construction Phase:

As discussed in Section 5.4, noise & vibrations may have destroying impacts on the

environment. The noise emission sources during construction phase will include

construction machineries / equipment to be employed at site. Other source may be other

construction activities like hammering, drilling, etc. & traffic.

The management measures for noise & vibration control are as follows:

• Standard methods and machinery shall be used and shall be installed on anti-vibration

pads.

• Manual cutting & drilling operations may be followed for excavation of site to avoid

noise & vibration generation. Also, the construction activities shall be done during the

day time only.

• Drilling equipment will be regularly maintained as per maintenance manual and will be

provided with vibration dampers.

• Workers exposed to high noise level will be provided with personal protective

equipment like ear plugs/ ear muffs. OSHA's permissible exposure limit (PEL) for noise

exposure will be followed and task rotation of workers will be done exposed to noise.

• Temporary noise barriers shall be provided around the construction area so that the noise

generated due to construction machineries & activities can be suppressed.

9.5.2 During Operation Phase:

Source of Noise & vibrations during operation phase will be the DG sets at Terminal

Stations, ropeway machineries and traffic mov ement in the area carrying material.

The noise & vibration management measures are discussed below:

• Acoustically enclosed DG Sets of 7x35 KVA, 2x40 KVA, 2x30 KVA & 2x50 KVA will

be bought and installed on proper anti- vibration pads to avoid vibration impacts. As

there is no source of power generation thus DG sets will be used as power supply. Same

DG sets will be used at the time of construction.

• Similarly, other ropeway machineries will be kept in closed rooms & will be installed

over anti vibration pads.



• Rope used for the movement of cable cars will be as per the norms of ropeway

engineering practices & standard. The movement of rope on the tower sheaves fitted

with rubber liners will minimize the noise.

• Normally, the noise and vibration in any cable ropeway occurs at the transfer point

where the cable car comes in contact with rail mounted at the terminals and also at the

intermediate towers. Therefore, it would ensure that the alignment at the transfer points

are regularly checked and maintained and also suitably lubricated from time to time.

• The noise pollution due to operation of DG set& other machineries can be controlled by

installation of silent cowling to a value of 65 dB (A).

• The normal ropeway operations are always lower than 50 dB (A) of noise level. Proper

maintenance of the ropeway during the operational phase will be done to ensure low or

no noise and environmental impacts as described in Section 7.3 of the EIA report.

9.6 SOLID & HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

9.6.1 Solid Waste

9.6.1.1 During Construction Phase

Wastes which are likely to be generated during the construction of terminals include the

following:

• Construction Waste & Debris: It may include waste timber work, spent concrete and

cement screening and material and equipment wrappings.

• Excavated materials: Excavation during pillar foundations will lead to generation of

excess soil.

• Municipal Waste will further include two categories:

o Organic Waste-Approx. 8 Kg/day wastes will be generated.

o Inert waste, which may include stones, dust, etc.

• Hazardous Waste-Used oil from ropeway machineries, DG set, etc.

The management of this waste is discussed below:

• No disposal of the waste on land will be done. Rather, it shall be collected at a separate

place& as far as possible.



• Biodegradable Waste will be treated by vermi-composting. Recyclable waste shall be

given to authorized vendor. Other inert waste shall be sent to solid waste/landfill site.

• Excavated soil and construction waste shall be used in leveling & backfilling purposes

wherever possible and rest shall be disposed to the proposed dumping sites.

• The hazardous waste will be stored in leak proof containers & will be given to

authorized vendors.

9.6.1.2 During operation phase

During operation phase, solid waste will be generated by employees. The estimates of the

solid waste generated from the proposed project have been shown in table 9-4:

TABLE 9-4SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Type of Waste Colour of Bin Disposal Method Total Waste

(kg/day)

Organic Waste

The waste will be treated

by vermicomposting.

8.0

Recyclable Waste

(Inert waste,

papers, plastic

etc)

Collected and given to

approved recycler

3.0

Total Waste 11 kg/ day

The above table indicates that the total 11 Kg/day of waste will be generated. Management

of the generated waste can be done as given under:

Hazardous waste during construction & operation phase will be the used oil & other oil

leakages from DG sets and other machineries. The waste oil generated from D.G sets and

other machineries shall be stored in HDPE containers and will be given to recycler

authorized by SPCB.

9.6.2 E-Waste

E-waste during operational phase will be generated from electric equipment like motor,

wires etc will be given to approved recycler.

9.7 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

The project alignment falls under forest area range. The flora & fauna of the area is

discussed in Section 4.10. The Flora & fauna of the area will be kept least affected.



The ropeway is an eco-friendly, silent mode of transportation, hence, no impacts on its

ecology are envisaged due to the proposed ropeway.


Project development requires diversion of 5.38 ha. of forest land for non-forest purpose &

few trees are required to be cut for the construction of terminals and pillars. The activity will

be carried out as per the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 and associated guidelines in this

respect. A compensatory afforestation plan has been directed by the forest department

according to which compensation will be paid to the forest department. 493 trees shall be

cut for which compensatory afforestation shall be done. Noise generation shall be

minimized to avoid impacts on fauna. Mitigation measures for Noise have been already

discussed in Section 5.4 & noise management measures have been discussed in Section 9.5

of this chapter.

9.7.2 During operation Phase

During operation phase, plantation is proposed around the terminals under the corridor of

ropeway & in other open spaces, to enhance the terrestrial ecology of the area.

Main reasons of disturbance to terrestrial and aquatic ecology are increased noise, glare/

lighting impact of ropeway structures on bird species and habitat fragmentation.

Whereas ropeway is an environment friendly transportation method, efforts shall be made to

ensure minimum or no disturbance to the ecology of the area.

The alignment has been selected by keeping in sight that no infringement to habitation will

be caused.

9.8 SOCIO ECONOMIC SCENARIO &BENEFITS TO ECONOMY & STATE

Ropeway will have positive impacts on the socio economy of area (benefits discussed in

Section- 5.7 of Chapter-5 and Chapter 8).


There are no such negative impacts on socio economy during the construction phase.

Instead, the projects will provide positive impacts to the socio-economy by providing

employment opportunities in the area.

No displacement or R & R plan is needed as no human habitat exists at the planned stations

area for ropeway or in the corridor of the ropeway.



9.8.2 During operation Phase

The main impact of operation of ropeway will be on the employment in the region.

However, by the introduction of ropeway, which is proposed for transportation of material

for proposed hydroelectric power plant, there also will be generation of indirect

employmnet.

Ropeway system will minimize the transportation cost.

The unskilled persons may be imparted training & shall be employed to the project team.

The positive impacts on socio economy due to proposed ropeway are given in detail in

Section 5.7.

9.8.3 Corporate Environment Responsibility

The Companies Act, 2013 encourages companies to spend at-least 2% of their average net

profit in the last three years on CSR activities under a Corporate Social Responsibility

Program. However, as per CER office memorandum of MOEF dated 1.5.2018, the project

with cost of project <Rs 100 Cr have to spend 2% of the Capital cost on the CER activities.

As per the Office Memorandum: Some of the activities which can be carried out in CER, are

infrastructure creation for drinking water supply, sanitation, health, education, skill

development, roads, cross drains, electrification including solar power, solid waste

management facilities, scientific support and awareness to local farmers to increase yield of

crop and fodder, rain water harvesting, soil moisture conservation works, avenue plantation,

plantation in community areas, etc.).

The activities proposed by the project proponent seeing the requirement of the project in the

surrounding areas are as follows:

S. No. ACTIVITIES AMOUNT (in Rs.)

1 Drinking Facility- Safe drinking water facilities will be made

available for the local people.

9.8 lacs

2 Sustainable Development- Investment in Sustainable

Development in and around its areas of operation.

10.0 lacs

3 Sanitation-

Material distribution and coordination with the Government

officials to set up Sanitation and cleanliness campaigns.

Provision of Signboards indicating steps to keep environment &

surroundings clean.

8.0 lacs

4 Toilet facilities- The Terminal Stations would have provision

of waiting area and toilet facilities for general public.

10.0 lacs



5 Medical Aid Facilities- Provision of medical aid post equipped

to render first aid and to assist in accessing emergency medical

aid from hospitals / clinics in the vicinity will be made at Base

station.

9.0 lacs

As per the Office memorandum, the entire activities proposed under the CER shall be

monitored and the monitoring report shall be submitted to the regional office as a part of

half-yearly compliance report, and to the District Collector. Apart from this, the CER

activities undertaken by the PP shall be posted on the website of the project proponent.

Also, The District Collector will have the right to add or delete the activities as per the

requirement of the District.

9.9 TRAFFIC MANANGEMENT

As the ropeway project is proposed to transport construction material across the Chanju

nallah in ecofriendly manner. There will not be significantly impact on traffic, traffic

management will be required in the Operation Phase mainly.

There will be increase in vehicular movement for transportation of various construction

material required for the hydroelectric power plant which will be transported by ropeway

across the Chanju nallah. The increase in vehicles will be managed in the open space

available, adequate space is at the loading station for providing organized vehicle parking.

9.10 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL

An environment management cell shall be created which shall perform the following

functions:

• Achieve objectives of the ‘Environment Management Plan’.

• Collect information from regular monitoring and create a database.

• Analyze the data and decide thrust area.

• Based on the data collected, decide target for each thrust area.

• Carry out ‘Projects’ in each thrust area to arrive at practical solutions to

environmental problems.

• Discuss the reports of study on environment and disseminate the information.

• Work out ‘Action plan’ for implementation of the recommendations made in the

reports.

• Prepare Management Information System (MIS) reports and budget for environment

management program.



• The Plant Manager will be responsible for environmental issues at plant.

• The responsibilities of the various members of the environment management cell are

given in Table 9-5 as follows:

TABLE 9-2ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL

S.No. Designation Proposed responsibility

1. Unit Head Overall responsibility for environmental

management and decision making for all

environmental issues. To identify and recommend

all kinds of major improvements to be taken in a

Financial year

2. Site In charge Ensure environmental monitoring as per

appropriate procedures as discussed in Chapter-6

of this EIA report.

Ensure correct records of generation, handling,

storage, transportation and disposal of solid

hazardous wastes. To monitor and ensure

implementation of the improvements.

To co-ordinate with the Emergency Management

Cell for rescue and evacuation during disaster.

9.11 COST ON ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

The cost of project is estimated to be about Rs. crores.

The cost of project is estimated to be about Rs. 62.89 crores.

Rs. 40 lacs of capital cost & Rs. 6.14 lacs/year of recurring cost shall be spent on

Environment Management Plan. Details are given in Table 9-5:

TABLE 9-3 CAPITAL COST AND RECURRING COST ON EMP

Sl No

Description Capital Cost (Rs. In Lacs)

Recurring Cost (Rs. in Lacs/ Year)

1 Waste water treatment/septic tanks & soak pits

30.0 3.0

2 D.G. set Stack & Enclosure 5.0 0.5

3 Solid Waste Management 5.0 0.5

4 Environmental Monitoring -- 2.14

Total Rs. 40.0 lacs Rs. 6.14 lacs



CHAPTER 10: SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

10.1 SUMMARY

The proposed Material Ropeway shall be developed above the Chanju Nallah in Village-

Dantoi, Tehsil-Chaura, District-Chamba, Himachal Pradesh by M/s Himachal Pradesh

Power Corporation Limited. The Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (HPPCL)

has a proposal of installing 2 Hydro Electric Projects, a) Chanju- III HEP (48MW) & b)

Deothal- Chanju HEP (30 MW) in Churah Tehsil of Distt. Chamba (HP). M/s HPPCL

decided to have a mechanized transportation system for transporting the construction

materials to the work site.

The proposed system consists 5 no. of ropeways to be installed across the Deothal Chanju

Nallah and one no. of ropeway longitudinally along the right bank of Deothal Chanju Nallah

passing through all the take off points of all ropeways and up to trench weir for Deothal

Chanju HEP (30 MW) based on Bi-cable ropeway system and Twin Track Bi cable ropeway

system. The total project covers an area of 5.38 ha (including loading and unloading area,

tower and corridor area).

The summarized details of the project are as follows:

• The proposed project will be developed in an area of 5.38 ha. which is a forest land.

The max pay load capacity of each ropeway ranges from 2-3 MT.

• Forest approval has already been applied for the diversion of forest land.

• The project being an aerial ropeway falls under the item 7(g) of the EIA notification

2006 and its amendments. Proposed project is a Category A project as the elevation

all the terminals are above 1000 MSL.

• The total power requirement for the project is 500 KW and will be sourced from DG

Sets. DG sets of capacity 7x35 KVA, 2x40 KVA, 2x30 KVA & 2x50 KVA will be

installed at the terminals of ropeway during construction phase which will also

remain in use during operation phase. As there is no source of power supply hence

DG sets will be used for this ropeway system.

• Water supply during construction phase and operation phase will be met through.

Chanju Nallah (Spring water). The total water requirement has been estimated to be

8 KLD during construction phase while 4 KLD during operation phase. 3 KLD of

waste water will be generated during construction phase and 2.45 KLD waste water

during operation phase which shall be discharged to septic tank followed by soak pit.



• Solid waste during construction phase will mainly be municipal waste generated due

to site clearance, construction waste (spent concrete, waste iron or steel bars and

cement screenings), excavation waste and labor waste. Approx. 8 kg/day wastes will

be generated during construction phase and operation phase which wil be given to

MSW vendor.

• The total cost of project is Rs. 62.89 Crores.

10.2 CONCLUSION

Work site situated on hills are difficult to reach due to the arduous & tough nature of the

mountains. The objective of HPPCL is to use the ropeways is for transportation of

construction material from road site to work site on the other side of the loading station

over the river. The straight path encountered most hostile terrain with steep gradient

with deep and wide gorges and valleys and much more inaccessible.

The Ropeways is an environment friendly system. There will be very less impact of the

ecology and environment during the installation and operation of ropway system. There

will not ne stress on the fores and its coverage can be maintained intact during the

operation. The waste & waste water could be managed easily by provision of better

waste & wastewater management strategies. It can act as an evacuation measure at the

time of bad weather & emergency situations.

Ropeway system will minimize the transportation cost susbstanitially and there will be

no proble, as related to the road transportation. Reliability of transportation of material is

much more, incase of Ropeway at the Hilly area/road.

It has been planned for the benefit of locals (in the form of employment), state (in the

form of economy) and the environment (preservation of its pleasant nature).



CHAPTER 11: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS



Perfact

Enviro

Solutions

Pvt. Ltd

Disclosure of

Environmental Consultant

Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt Ltd.

501 – 507, 5thFloor, Front Wing, NN Mall Sector- 3, Rohini, New Delhi - 110085

Phone: +91-11-49281370



About Environmental Consultant

➢ INTRODUCTION:

Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt Ltd, established by experienced environmental and

related experts, provides specialized services in the field of Environment and Pollution

Control for all types of Industrial, Construction, Nuclear Sciences, Bio-diversity

Mining, Aerial Ropeway and other related fields. Our transparent and professional

approach, commitment to excellent quality and service, timely deliveries have

contributed to create a name in the field of environment. We have a core group of

highly qualified experts from various fields like Environment, Forestry, Chemistry, Civil

Engineering, Geology, Social Sciences, Electronics and Telecommunication with rich and

diversified experience in the field of environment and pollution control.

Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt Ltd is headed by Mr. Praveen Bhargava, Managing

Director who has an experience of 27 years in the field of Environment and Mrs.

Rachna Bhargava, Director & C.E.O, who has an experience of 21 years in the field of

Environment.

Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt Ltd management, experience, excellence, professionalism

and ultimate satisfaction has helped in achieving the heights of success in their

specialized field of environment.

➢ ACCREDIATATIONS OBTAINED: • ISO-9001:2015 Certification

• ISO-14001:2015 Certification

• QCI – NABET Scheme for Accreditation of EIA Consultant Organization



The EIA report of the project “Installation of Material Ropeways 5 Nos. along with 1

longitudinal ropeway for the construction of Deothal Chanju 30 MW HEP” by M/s

Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd. has been prepared by M/s Perfact Enviro

Solutions Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Team (EIA Coordinators, FAEs, AFAEs & Team Members) involved in the Project:

❖ EIA Coordinators: Mrs. Rachna Bhargava

❖ Assistant to EIA Coordinator: Ms. Astha Srivastava

❖ Team:

Functional

Area Approved FAEs Approved FAA

Other Team

Members

LU Manoj Pant

AQ Nipun Bhargava

AP Nipun Bhargava Latika Sehgal

WP Praveen Bhargava

EB Rajiv Kumar

SE Rachna Bhargava

NV Partho Mukherjee Praveen Bhargava

GEO Santosh Pant Anand Singh

HG Santosh Pant Anand Singh

SC Praveen Bhargava Chandra Shekhar

RH Nipun Bhargava

SHW Praveen Bhargava Shimael Fatima



❖ The list of approved EIA Coordinators & FAEs is also available on the official website of NABET (Minutes of SA – 145th AC Meeting: March 07, 2017)

Details of the Accreditation of Perfact Enviro Solutions is available on the official website of NABET under the heading: List of Accredited EIA Consultant Organizations with accredited sectors



Enclosure 2: TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP



Enclosure 3: LAYOUT MAP



Enclosure 4: TOR Letter

Village-Dantoi, District- Chamba, Tehsil-Chaurah Himachal ... · Installation of Material Ropeways...

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Transcript of Village-Dantoi, District- Chamba, Tehsil-Chaurah Himachal ... · Installation of Material Ropeways...