Vijay Aggarwal | fittoor GOO FITT · 2018-12-24 · Women & Weight Lifting 47 Cardiac Health 48 How...
Transcript of Vijay Aggarwal | fittoor GOO FITT · 2018-12-24 · Women & Weight Lifting 47 Cardiac Health 48 How...
GOO FITT Version 10
WHY READ Read it to take control of your Life
Read it to get back on Track
Read it to become Fit
Vijay Aggarwal | fittoor
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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HOW IT ALL BEGAN 4
My Learnings During This Time hellip 6
My Genuine Advise 6
NOTE TO READERS 7
Disclaimer 7
WHY 8
Why You Would Want To Read This 8
Still Not With Me 9
Do We Have A Solution 10
FIRST SOME DOUBTS 11
Why Do We Get Fat 11
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat 11
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim 13
Whatrsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss 13
NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF 14
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of 14
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements 14
Energy Balance 15
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP 21
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE 22
Deciding On Your Goal 24
Manipulation of Calories 26
LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES 28
Endomorph 28
Mesomorph 28
Ectomorph 29
POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp TECHNIQUES 30
Which Is The Best Diet 30
Keto 30
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Low Carb 32
High Carb 32
GM 32
Dieting Strategies 33
Dieting Techniques 34
Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus 35
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break 35
Plateau 36
OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS 38
Water 38
Sleep 39
Hormones 39
Letrsquos Understand More About Nutrients 42
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food 45
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail 45
Nutrition Partitioning 46
Micro Nutrients 46
WORKOUT 47
Women amp Weight Lifting 47
Cardiac Health 48
How Do We Start Resistance Training 48
Energy Systems 48
SUPPLEMENTS 50
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement 50
Whey 50
Casein 53
BCAA 53
Omega3 Fatty Acids 53
Creatine 53
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS 56
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW 57
Some International Authorities 57
Some Indian Folks I Like 57
RESOURCES 58
Kitchen Weighing Scale 58
Personal Weighing Scale 58
Inch Tape 58
Camera amp Tripod 59
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HOW IT ALL BEGAN
Hi I am Vijay - an ex-corporate servant for 10+ years Currently running a polyclinic in Mumbai
with a team for 20+ doctors from different specialities (huh hellip cut it short hellip who cares)
All this started with I becoming fat and my HBA1C (blood marker for diabetes) hitting 63 ie pre
diabetic (I still consider it diabetic) A little more into flashback
I was healthy (neither fat nor fit) and (un)happy working in a corporate job
Things were going fine and the worst (probably slightly better than my job)
thing happened ie marriage
All those pre-post wedding lunches and dinners and endless similar shit
started I got complacent about the health and became fat lazy as fack
Meanwhile I quit my job and started this clinic (wife is a dentist) in Mumbai
During this time I left all my physical activities (as it is I was mostly out of
exercises amp play for almost 14 years)
Got MRIs done but nothing major came out During all this another medical
condition hit me I was diagnosed prediabetes (HBA1C - 63) I hated it - Dad
is diabetic for 30+ years amp on insulins shots for past 10+ years Have seen
him being hypoglycaemic and sweating like as if taking a bath (and helpless at such occasions)
My brother also recently got diagnosed with diabetes I cried that night and decided to take
control of things
Being in the medical field I was a member of few fitness groups for quite some time but now I
started following them actively
Soon I was diagnosed with early degeneration of spine givi
person
ng me
tremendous lower back pain with just normal sitting So I would usually stand
the whole day hellip Later took help from physiotherapist and got better but
again stopped all exercises because I was a lazy fat Guess what the
pain came back with higher intensity and rigid (not going away) Again took
gt30 physio sessions (from 4 different experts but all went in vain) hellip only
improvement - The pain became bearable I became accustomed to it
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It was all new approach to science logical and no push towards supplements or fat burners or
mass gainers and steroids It was all natural Thank to these folks for my early health
improvements fitness and knowledge (See the lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section)
I took it to next level and completed formal education in Exercise and
Nutrition Science I also started exercising in gym I lost a lot of weight
(close to 20 kgs) which mostly was fat (some bit of muscle too as it is a
part and parcel of this cycle hellip will discuss sometime later)
This journey hasnrsquot been smooth as obviously not completed Have
been hit with a lot of roadblocks especially my continual spinal injuries
but this isnrsquot over yet
Destination is far and it is okay to take pit stops but not okay to turn
back or stop in between Run Walk Crawl Drag but damn it hellip complete it
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My Learnings During This Time hellip Quantified Results need Quantified Nutrition + Quantified Workout
(say 5 kg weight fat loss in 3 months)
Today Quantity of Food (kcal) is a greater concern than Quality of Food
(not saying quality doesnrsquot matter)
Consistency and Discipline is the Key to success
o Consistency gt Perfection
o Discipline gt Motivation
Body is not 70 Diet and 30 Exercise
o It is 100 Diet and 100 Exercise
My Genuine Advise Never Ever Stop Exercising
o Just morning walk or yoga is activity not exercise
o Exercise is challenging and pushing the body to newer limits
Force Kids to Play Outdoors
o I am lucky my parents didnrsquot get me a video game
Instead they got me a cycle to go to school
Save Money Save Time Save Environment Improve Athletic Ability
More Time Mobility Neural Co-ordination etc
o As my mom says पहला सख निरोगी काया
I know almost 98 of the people (especially in towns) still donrsquot do any activity
I have been lucky to run this clinic and met so many doctors from different backgrounds I get so
many different and interesting perspectives
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NOTE TO READERS
What you are going to read is quite a bit of information which I have accumulated over my
journey in this field from various courses books from international authors videos blogs
various discussions research studies etc It may be difficult to digest all this information at once
so read slowly read in tranches and read it several times
Also consider this as a handy workbook and feel free to circulate this amongst your friends or
people you find in need for FREE (request you not to charge anyone for the book)
If you have any doubts please post in the group (httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor)
and I will be more than happy to help you (to the best of my knowledge) on the topic
Also I understand that this field is continuously evolving and I will update keep this document
at regular intervals I will also try to create a local language version of this document (would
appreciate if someone can volunteer to do the same for their local language to benefit the
community as a whole)
I also encourage you to follow the experts (refer lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section) in nutrition and
exercise to learn and educate yourself
Since you have decided to read this book I would like to say Congrats and Welcome
Also everything you are going to read is only related to Body Recomposition ie Losing Fat
(weight) and Building Muscles For therapeutic diets like acidity issues or any medical
conditions please consult a doctor Usually most (if not all) are lifestyle driven and should get
sorted with improvement in lifestyle
Disclaimer The information in this group and the document is all an outcome of my personal learnings
Nothing in this document should be considered a medical advice Please consult your doctor for
any medical condition and take consent before starting any medicines and supplements
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WHY
Why You Would Want To Read This
Me Honestly speaking you donrsquot have a choice It is only a matter of time
You But hellip I donrsquot have a medical condition I donrsquot have pain I donrsquot take medicines and I donrsquot look fat hellip
Me Huh I know hellip read below now
I see and listen to all this very often but hellip you are ignoring what you are not doinghellip Let me help
you do some self-realization
Computers Tablets and Smartphones ndash lsquoBoon to Businessrsquo BUT lsquoBane to Bodyrsquo
New Trends hellip
Earlier Today
People who visited orthopaedics were kids People who visit orthopaedics are teenagers and middle aged adults
Key Problems Injuries and fractures (during play) or accidental cases
Key Problems Lower Back pain Spinal issues Postural issues
No wonder Dettol changed their strategy
From a product mostly used on injuries (Dettol Anti-Septic) to a product mostly used for prevention (Dettol Soap) because they saw the trendhellip not of better health but they feared of losing business as people became lazy and technology slaves their inactivity led to other business challenges
People doing corporate jobs have become computer and smartphone ninjas hellip but they
are not realising that they are losing out on a Strength Mobility Flexibility and creating a lot
of pressure on spine hormones and other body functioning
They are becoming Fat Lazy Stressed Junk Eaters Smokers Drinkers and are surrounded
with all kinds of lifestyle issues
How do I know all this
o Been there and Done that
o I asked the same questions to my doctors in the clinic lsquowho would visit them these
daysrsquo hellip and these were the answers ie from an lsquoinjuryrsquo to a lsquolifestyle and posture
problemrsquo
o Donrsquot take my word for it hellip just visit any physiotherapy clinic and observe the
age group and their key complaints hellip
Do you recall that spectacles was so Uncommon in our parentsrsquo generation but so
common todayhellip
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Look at hair loss and greying hair hellip so common in todayrsquos generation hellip and see Diabetes
Blood Pressure Fatty Liver Thyroid PCOD hellip
In our parentsrsquo generation people used to get diabetic after the age of 45 (that too very
few)
o Today I know so many people in the age group of 30s taking insulin shots and
plethora of people taking meds for Diabetes Blood Pressure Thyroid PCOD etc
Still Not With Me Okay ask any girl in the age group of 20-30s hellip about PCODPCOS
o They will recall you at least 5 names in their circle they are aware of (they
themselves also might be a part of it)
o I am aware of many of my family members or relatives struggling with this
Common Characteristic - mostly obese bad lifestlye (eating outside
eating all high calorie sugary and fatty processed foods highly stressed
in their personal life)
o Also I am sure most of our parents never knew about this condition
Not because they were less educated but because they didnrsquot need to
Try asking people about thyroid hellip you will find at least 3-4 people in your family
(including close relatives) suffering with ithellip
What Do You Think All This Has Triggered From
Thatrsquos why I said you donrsquot have a choice Sooner or Later it will hit you
You must be thinking that our parents grandparents never thought about such issues hellip
Yes they didnrsquot need to because their equation was balanced on both the sides
They didnrsquot have easy access to such high calorie stuff and their physical stress (again not
morning walk and yoga) was through the roof
o Remember you dadi and nani making flour out of wheat by hand
o Preparing spices by hand
o Preparing food and sweets all by themselves
o Washing and rinsing and drying clothes by hand
o Sweeping cleaning the house by themselves
o Taking out water from wells and then carrying it to home etc
o In fact I can relate almost every gym exercise to one of these such movements
How much of that you do today (Similarly with our dada and nana)
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o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
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FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
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o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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HOW IT ALL BEGAN 4
My Learnings During This Time hellip 6
My Genuine Advise 6
NOTE TO READERS 7
Disclaimer 7
WHY 8
Why You Would Want To Read This 8
Still Not With Me 9
Do We Have A Solution 10
FIRST SOME DOUBTS 11
Why Do We Get Fat 11
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat 11
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim 13
Whatrsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss 13
NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF 14
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of 14
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements 14
Energy Balance 15
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP 21
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE 22
Deciding On Your Goal 24
Manipulation of Calories 26
LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES 28
Endomorph 28
Mesomorph 28
Ectomorph 29
POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp TECHNIQUES 30
Which Is The Best Diet 30
Keto 30
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Low Carb 32
High Carb 32
GM 32
Dieting Strategies 33
Dieting Techniques 34
Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus 35
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break 35
Plateau 36
OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS 38
Water 38
Sleep 39
Hormones 39
Letrsquos Understand More About Nutrients 42
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food 45
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail 45
Nutrition Partitioning 46
Micro Nutrients 46
WORKOUT 47
Women amp Weight Lifting 47
Cardiac Health 48
How Do We Start Resistance Training 48
Energy Systems 48
SUPPLEMENTS 50
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement 50
Whey 50
Casein 53
BCAA 53
Omega3 Fatty Acids 53
Creatine 53
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS 56
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW 57
Some International Authorities 57
Some Indian Folks I Like 57
RESOURCES 58
Kitchen Weighing Scale 58
Personal Weighing Scale 58
Inch Tape 58
Camera amp Tripod 59
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HOW IT ALL BEGAN
Hi I am Vijay - an ex-corporate servant for 10+ years Currently running a polyclinic in Mumbai
with a team for 20+ doctors from different specialities (huh hellip cut it short hellip who cares)
All this started with I becoming fat and my HBA1C (blood marker for diabetes) hitting 63 ie pre
diabetic (I still consider it diabetic) A little more into flashback
I was healthy (neither fat nor fit) and (un)happy working in a corporate job
Things were going fine and the worst (probably slightly better than my job)
thing happened ie marriage
All those pre-post wedding lunches and dinners and endless similar shit
started I got complacent about the health and became fat lazy as fack
Meanwhile I quit my job and started this clinic (wife is a dentist) in Mumbai
During this time I left all my physical activities (as it is I was mostly out of
exercises amp play for almost 14 years)
Got MRIs done but nothing major came out During all this another medical
condition hit me I was diagnosed prediabetes (HBA1C - 63) I hated it - Dad
is diabetic for 30+ years amp on insulins shots for past 10+ years Have seen
him being hypoglycaemic and sweating like as if taking a bath (and helpless at such occasions)
My brother also recently got diagnosed with diabetes I cried that night and decided to take
control of things
Being in the medical field I was a member of few fitness groups for quite some time but now I
started following them actively
Soon I was diagnosed with early degeneration of spine givi
person
ng me
tremendous lower back pain with just normal sitting So I would usually stand
the whole day hellip Later took help from physiotherapist and got better but
again stopped all exercises because I was a lazy fat Guess what the
pain came back with higher intensity and rigid (not going away) Again took
gt30 physio sessions (from 4 different experts but all went in vain) hellip only
improvement - The pain became bearable I became accustomed to it
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It was all new approach to science logical and no push towards supplements or fat burners or
mass gainers and steroids It was all natural Thank to these folks for my early health
improvements fitness and knowledge (See the lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section)
I took it to next level and completed formal education in Exercise and
Nutrition Science I also started exercising in gym I lost a lot of weight
(close to 20 kgs) which mostly was fat (some bit of muscle too as it is a
part and parcel of this cycle hellip will discuss sometime later)
This journey hasnrsquot been smooth as obviously not completed Have
been hit with a lot of roadblocks especially my continual spinal injuries
but this isnrsquot over yet
Destination is far and it is okay to take pit stops but not okay to turn
back or stop in between Run Walk Crawl Drag but damn it hellip complete it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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My Learnings During This Time hellip Quantified Results need Quantified Nutrition + Quantified Workout
(say 5 kg weight fat loss in 3 months)
Today Quantity of Food (kcal) is a greater concern than Quality of Food
(not saying quality doesnrsquot matter)
Consistency and Discipline is the Key to success
o Consistency gt Perfection
o Discipline gt Motivation
Body is not 70 Diet and 30 Exercise
o It is 100 Diet and 100 Exercise
My Genuine Advise Never Ever Stop Exercising
o Just morning walk or yoga is activity not exercise
o Exercise is challenging and pushing the body to newer limits
Force Kids to Play Outdoors
o I am lucky my parents didnrsquot get me a video game
Instead they got me a cycle to go to school
Save Money Save Time Save Environment Improve Athletic Ability
More Time Mobility Neural Co-ordination etc
o As my mom says पहला सख निरोगी काया
I know almost 98 of the people (especially in towns) still donrsquot do any activity
I have been lucky to run this clinic and met so many doctors from different backgrounds I get so
many different and interesting perspectives
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NOTE TO READERS
What you are going to read is quite a bit of information which I have accumulated over my
journey in this field from various courses books from international authors videos blogs
various discussions research studies etc It may be difficult to digest all this information at once
so read slowly read in tranches and read it several times
Also consider this as a handy workbook and feel free to circulate this amongst your friends or
people you find in need for FREE (request you not to charge anyone for the book)
If you have any doubts please post in the group (httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor)
and I will be more than happy to help you (to the best of my knowledge) on the topic
Also I understand that this field is continuously evolving and I will update keep this document
at regular intervals I will also try to create a local language version of this document (would
appreciate if someone can volunteer to do the same for their local language to benefit the
community as a whole)
I also encourage you to follow the experts (refer lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section) in nutrition and
exercise to learn and educate yourself
Since you have decided to read this book I would like to say Congrats and Welcome
Also everything you are going to read is only related to Body Recomposition ie Losing Fat
(weight) and Building Muscles For therapeutic diets like acidity issues or any medical
conditions please consult a doctor Usually most (if not all) are lifestyle driven and should get
sorted with improvement in lifestyle
Disclaimer The information in this group and the document is all an outcome of my personal learnings
Nothing in this document should be considered a medical advice Please consult your doctor for
any medical condition and take consent before starting any medicines and supplements
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 8 | 60
WHY
Why You Would Want To Read This
Me Honestly speaking you donrsquot have a choice It is only a matter of time
You But hellip I donrsquot have a medical condition I donrsquot have pain I donrsquot take medicines and I donrsquot look fat hellip
Me Huh I know hellip read below now
I see and listen to all this very often but hellip you are ignoring what you are not doinghellip Let me help
you do some self-realization
Computers Tablets and Smartphones ndash lsquoBoon to Businessrsquo BUT lsquoBane to Bodyrsquo
New Trends hellip
Earlier Today
People who visited orthopaedics were kids People who visit orthopaedics are teenagers and middle aged adults
Key Problems Injuries and fractures (during play) or accidental cases
Key Problems Lower Back pain Spinal issues Postural issues
No wonder Dettol changed their strategy
From a product mostly used on injuries (Dettol Anti-Septic) to a product mostly used for prevention (Dettol Soap) because they saw the trendhellip not of better health but they feared of losing business as people became lazy and technology slaves their inactivity led to other business challenges
People doing corporate jobs have become computer and smartphone ninjas hellip but they
are not realising that they are losing out on a Strength Mobility Flexibility and creating a lot
of pressure on spine hormones and other body functioning
They are becoming Fat Lazy Stressed Junk Eaters Smokers Drinkers and are surrounded
with all kinds of lifestyle issues
How do I know all this
o Been there and Done that
o I asked the same questions to my doctors in the clinic lsquowho would visit them these
daysrsquo hellip and these were the answers ie from an lsquoinjuryrsquo to a lsquolifestyle and posture
problemrsquo
o Donrsquot take my word for it hellip just visit any physiotherapy clinic and observe the
age group and their key complaints hellip
Do you recall that spectacles was so Uncommon in our parentsrsquo generation but so
common todayhellip
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 9 | 60
Look at hair loss and greying hair hellip so common in todayrsquos generation hellip and see Diabetes
Blood Pressure Fatty Liver Thyroid PCOD hellip
In our parentsrsquo generation people used to get diabetic after the age of 45 (that too very
few)
o Today I know so many people in the age group of 30s taking insulin shots and
plethora of people taking meds for Diabetes Blood Pressure Thyroid PCOD etc
Still Not With Me Okay ask any girl in the age group of 20-30s hellip about PCODPCOS
o They will recall you at least 5 names in their circle they are aware of (they
themselves also might be a part of it)
o I am aware of many of my family members or relatives struggling with this
Common Characteristic - mostly obese bad lifestlye (eating outside
eating all high calorie sugary and fatty processed foods highly stressed
in their personal life)
o Also I am sure most of our parents never knew about this condition
Not because they were less educated but because they didnrsquot need to
Try asking people about thyroid hellip you will find at least 3-4 people in your family
(including close relatives) suffering with ithellip
What Do You Think All This Has Triggered From
Thatrsquos why I said you donrsquot have a choice Sooner or Later it will hit you
You must be thinking that our parents grandparents never thought about such issues hellip
Yes they didnrsquot need to because their equation was balanced on both the sides
They didnrsquot have easy access to such high calorie stuff and their physical stress (again not
morning walk and yoga) was through the roof
o Remember you dadi and nani making flour out of wheat by hand
o Preparing spices by hand
o Preparing food and sweets all by themselves
o Washing and rinsing and drying clothes by hand
o Sweeping cleaning the house by themselves
o Taking out water from wells and then carrying it to home etc
o In fact I can relate almost every gym exercise to one of these such movements
How much of that you do today (Similarly with our dada and nana)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 10 | 60
o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 11 | 60
FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 12 | 60
o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 13 | 60
Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 14 | 60
NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 15 | 60
Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 16 | 60
Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 17 | 60
30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 18 | 60
Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 19 | 60
Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 20 | 60
TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 21 | 60
EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 22 | 60
o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 24 | 60
o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 27 | 60
o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 2 | 60
Low Carb 32
High Carb 32
GM 32
Dieting Strategies 33
Dieting Techniques 34
Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus 35
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break 35
Plateau 36
OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS 38
Water 38
Sleep 39
Hormones 39
Letrsquos Understand More About Nutrients 42
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food 45
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail 45
Nutrition Partitioning 46
Micro Nutrients 46
WORKOUT 47
Women amp Weight Lifting 47
Cardiac Health 48
How Do We Start Resistance Training 48
Energy Systems 48
SUPPLEMENTS 50
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement 50
Whey 50
Casein 53
BCAA 53
Omega3 Fatty Acids 53
Creatine 53
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS 56
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW 57
Some International Authorities 57
Some Indian Folks I Like 57
RESOURCES 58
Kitchen Weighing Scale 58
Personal Weighing Scale 58
Inch Tape 58
Camera amp Tripod 59
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HOW IT ALL BEGAN
Hi I am Vijay - an ex-corporate servant for 10+ years Currently running a polyclinic in Mumbai
with a team for 20+ doctors from different specialities (huh hellip cut it short hellip who cares)
All this started with I becoming fat and my HBA1C (blood marker for diabetes) hitting 63 ie pre
diabetic (I still consider it diabetic) A little more into flashback
I was healthy (neither fat nor fit) and (un)happy working in a corporate job
Things were going fine and the worst (probably slightly better than my job)
thing happened ie marriage
All those pre-post wedding lunches and dinners and endless similar shit
started I got complacent about the health and became fat lazy as fack
Meanwhile I quit my job and started this clinic (wife is a dentist) in Mumbai
During this time I left all my physical activities (as it is I was mostly out of
exercises amp play for almost 14 years)
Got MRIs done but nothing major came out During all this another medical
condition hit me I was diagnosed prediabetes (HBA1C - 63) I hated it - Dad
is diabetic for 30+ years amp on insulins shots for past 10+ years Have seen
him being hypoglycaemic and sweating like as if taking a bath (and helpless at such occasions)
My brother also recently got diagnosed with diabetes I cried that night and decided to take
control of things
Being in the medical field I was a member of few fitness groups for quite some time but now I
started following them actively
Soon I was diagnosed with early degeneration of spine givi
person
ng me
tremendous lower back pain with just normal sitting So I would usually stand
the whole day hellip Later took help from physiotherapist and got better but
again stopped all exercises because I was a lazy fat Guess what the
pain came back with higher intensity and rigid (not going away) Again took
gt30 physio sessions (from 4 different experts but all went in vain) hellip only
improvement - The pain became bearable I became accustomed to it
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It was all new approach to science logical and no push towards supplements or fat burners or
mass gainers and steroids It was all natural Thank to these folks for my early health
improvements fitness and knowledge (See the lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section)
I took it to next level and completed formal education in Exercise and
Nutrition Science I also started exercising in gym I lost a lot of weight
(close to 20 kgs) which mostly was fat (some bit of muscle too as it is a
part and parcel of this cycle hellip will discuss sometime later)
This journey hasnrsquot been smooth as obviously not completed Have
been hit with a lot of roadblocks especially my continual spinal injuries
but this isnrsquot over yet
Destination is far and it is okay to take pit stops but not okay to turn
back or stop in between Run Walk Crawl Drag but damn it hellip complete it
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My Learnings During This Time hellip Quantified Results need Quantified Nutrition + Quantified Workout
(say 5 kg weight fat loss in 3 months)
Today Quantity of Food (kcal) is a greater concern than Quality of Food
(not saying quality doesnrsquot matter)
Consistency and Discipline is the Key to success
o Consistency gt Perfection
o Discipline gt Motivation
Body is not 70 Diet and 30 Exercise
o It is 100 Diet and 100 Exercise
My Genuine Advise Never Ever Stop Exercising
o Just morning walk or yoga is activity not exercise
o Exercise is challenging and pushing the body to newer limits
Force Kids to Play Outdoors
o I am lucky my parents didnrsquot get me a video game
Instead they got me a cycle to go to school
Save Money Save Time Save Environment Improve Athletic Ability
More Time Mobility Neural Co-ordination etc
o As my mom says पहला सख निरोगी काया
I know almost 98 of the people (especially in towns) still donrsquot do any activity
I have been lucky to run this clinic and met so many doctors from different backgrounds I get so
many different and interesting perspectives
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NOTE TO READERS
What you are going to read is quite a bit of information which I have accumulated over my
journey in this field from various courses books from international authors videos blogs
various discussions research studies etc It may be difficult to digest all this information at once
so read slowly read in tranches and read it several times
Also consider this as a handy workbook and feel free to circulate this amongst your friends or
people you find in need for FREE (request you not to charge anyone for the book)
If you have any doubts please post in the group (httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor)
and I will be more than happy to help you (to the best of my knowledge) on the topic
Also I understand that this field is continuously evolving and I will update keep this document
at regular intervals I will also try to create a local language version of this document (would
appreciate if someone can volunteer to do the same for their local language to benefit the
community as a whole)
I also encourage you to follow the experts (refer lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section) in nutrition and
exercise to learn and educate yourself
Since you have decided to read this book I would like to say Congrats and Welcome
Also everything you are going to read is only related to Body Recomposition ie Losing Fat
(weight) and Building Muscles For therapeutic diets like acidity issues or any medical
conditions please consult a doctor Usually most (if not all) are lifestyle driven and should get
sorted with improvement in lifestyle
Disclaimer The information in this group and the document is all an outcome of my personal learnings
Nothing in this document should be considered a medical advice Please consult your doctor for
any medical condition and take consent before starting any medicines and supplements
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 8 | 60
WHY
Why You Would Want To Read This
Me Honestly speaking you donrsquot have a choice It is only a matter of time
You But hellip I donrsquot have a medical condition I donrsquot have pain I donrsquot take medicines and I donrsquot look fat hellip
Me Huh I know hellip read below now
I see and listen to all this very often but hellip you are ignoring what you are not doinghellip Let me help
you do some self-realization
Computers Tablets and Smartphones ndash lsquoBoon to Businessrsquo BUT lsquoBane to Bodyrsquo
New Trends hellip
Earlier Today
People who visited orthopaedics were kids People who visit orthopaedics are teenagers and middle aged adults
Key Problems Injuries and fractures (during play) or accidental cases
Key Problems Lower Back pain Spinal issues Postural issues
No wonder Dettol changed their strategy
From a product mostly used on injuries (Dettol Anti-Septic) to a product mostly used for prevention (Dettol Soap) because they saw the trendhellip not of better health but they feared of losing business as people became lazy and technology slaves their inactivity led to other business challenges
People doing corporate jobs have become computer and smartphone ninjas hellip but they
are not realising that they are losing out on a Strength Mobility Flexibility and creating a lot
of pressure on spine hormones and other body functioning
They are becoming Fat Lazy Stressed Junk Eaters Smokers Drinkers and are surrounded
with all kinds of lifestyle issues
How do I know all this
o Been there and Done that
o I asked the same questions to my doctors in the clinic lsquowho would visit them these
daysrsquo hellip and these were the answers ie from an lsquoinjuryrsquo to a lsquolifestyle and posture
problemrsquo
o Donrsquot take my word for it hellip just visit any physiotherapy clinic and observe the
age group and their key complaints hellip
Do you recall that spectacles was so Uncommon in our parentsrsquo generation but so
common todayhellip
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Look at hair loss and greying hair hellip so common in todayrsquos generation hellip and see Diabetes
Blood Pressure Fatty Liver Thyroid PCOD hellip
In our parentsrsquo generation people used to get diabetic after the age of 45 (that too very
few)
o Today I know so many people in the age group of 30s taking insulin shots and
plethora of people taking meds for Diabetes Blood Pressure Thyroid PCOD etc
Still Not With Me Okay ask any girl in the age group of 20-30s hellip about PCODPCOS
o They will recall you at least 5 names in their circle they are aware of (they
themselves also might be a part of it)
o I am aware of many of my family members or relatives struggling with this
Common Characteristic - mostly obese bad lifestlye (eating outside
eating all high calorie sugary and fatty processed foods highly stressed
in their personal life)
o Also I am sure most of our parents never knew about this condition
Not because they were less educated but because they didnrsquot need to
Try asking people about thyroid hellip you will find at least 3-4 people in your family
(including close relatives) suffering with ithellip
What Do You Think All This Has Triggered From
Thatrsquos why I said you donrsquot have a choice Sooner or Later it will hit you
You must be thinking that our parents grandparents never thought about such issues hellip
Yes they didnrsquot need to because their equation was balanced on both the sides
They didnrsquot have easy access to such high calorie stuff and their physical stress (again not
morning walk and yoga) was through the roof
o Remember you dadi and nani making flour out of wheat by hand
o Preparing spices by hand
o Preparing food and sweets all by themselves
o Washing and rinsing and drying clothes by hand
o Sweeping cleaning the house by themselves
o Taking out water from wells and then carrying it to home etc
o In fact I can relate almost every gym exercise to one of these such movements
How much of that you do today (Similarly with our dada and nana)
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 10 | 60
o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 11 | 60
FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 12 | 60
o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 3 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW 57
Some International Authorities 57
Some Indian Folks I Like 57
RESOURCES 58
Kitchen Weighing Scale 58
Personal Weighing Scale 58
Inch Tape 58
Camera amp Tripod 59
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 4 | 60
HOW IT ALL BEGAN
Hi I am Vijay - an ex-corporate servant for 10+ years Currently running a polyclinic in Mumbai
with a team for 20+ doctors from different specialities (huh hellip cut it short hellip who cares)
All this started with I becoming fat and my HBA1C (blood marker for diabetes) hitting 63 ie pre
diabetic (I still consider it diabetic) A little more into flashback
I was healthy (neither fat nor fit) and (un)happy working in a corporate job
Things were going fine and the worst (probably slightly better than my job)
thing happened ie marriage
All those pre-post wedding lunches and dinners and endless similar shit
started I got complacent about the health and became fat lazy as fack
Meanwhile I quit my job and started this clinic (wife is a dentist) in Mumbai
During this time I left all my physical activities (as it is I was mostly out of
exercises amp play for almost 14 years)
Got MRIs done but nothing major came out During all this another medical
condition hit me I was diagnosed prediabetes (HBA1C - 63) I hated it - Dad
is diabetic for 30+ years amp on insulins shots for past 10+ years Have seen
him being hypoglycaemic and sweating like as if taking a bath (and helpless at such occasions)
My brother also recently got diagnosed with diabetes I cried that night and decided to take
control of things
Being in the medical field I was a member of few fitness groups for quite some time but now I
started following them actively
Soon I was diagnosed with early degeneration of spine givi
person
ng me
tremendous lower back pain with just normal sitting So I would usually stand
the whole day hellip Later took help from physiotherapist and got better but
again stopped all exercises because I was a lazy fat Guess what the
pain came back with higher intensity and rigid (not going away) Again took
gt30 physio sessions (from 4 different experts but all went in vain) hellip only
improvement - The pain became bearable I became accustomed to it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 5 | 60
It was all new approach to science logical and no push towards supplements or fat burners or
mass gainers and steroids It was all natural Thank to these folks for my early health
improvements fitness and knowledge (See the lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section)
I took it to next level and completed formal education in Exercise and
Nutrition Science I also started exercising in gym I lost a lot of weight
(close to 20 kgs) which mostly was fat (some bit of muscle too as it is a
part and parcel of this cycle hellip will discuss sometime later)
This journey hasnrsquot been smooth as obviously not completed Have
been hit with a lot of roadblocks especially my continual spinal injuries
but this isnrsquot over yet
Destination is far and it is okay to take pit stops but not okay to turn
back or stop in between Run Walk Crawl Drag but damn it hellip complete it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 6 | 60
My Learnings During This Time hellip Quantified Results need Quantified Nutrition + Quantified Workout
(say 5 kg weight fat loss in 3 months)
Today Quantity of Food (kcal) is a greater concern than Quality of Food
(not saying quality doesnrsquot matter)
Consistency and Discipline is the Key to success
o Consistency gt Perfection
o Discipline gt Motivation
Body is not 70 Diet and 30 Exercise
o It is 100 Diet and 100 Exercise
My Genuine Advise Never Ever Stop Exercising
o Just morning walk or yoga is activity not exercise
o Exercise is challenging and pushing the body to newer limits
Force Kids to Play Outdoors
o I am lucky my parents didnrsquot get me a video game
Instead they got me a cycle to go to school
Save Money Save Time Save Environment Improve Athletic Ability
More Time Mobility Neural Co-ordination etc
o As my mom says पहला सख निरोगी काया
I know almost 98 of the people (especially in towns) still donrsquot do any activity
I have been lucky to run this clinic and met so many doctors from different backgrounds I get so
many different and interesting perspectives
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 7 | 60
NOTE TO READERS
What you are going to read is quite a bit of information which I have accumulated over my
journey in this field from various courses books from international authors videos blogs
various discussions research studies etc It may be difficult to digest all this information at once
so read slowly read in tranches and read it several times
Also consider this as a handy workbook and feel free to circulate this amongst your friends or
people you find in need for FREE (request you not to charge anyone for the book)
If you have any doubts please post in the group (httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor)
and I will be more than happy to help you (to the best of my knowledge) on the topic
Also I understand that this field is continuously evolving and I will update keep this document
at regular intervals I will also try to create a local language version of this document (would
appreciate if someone can volunteer to do the same for their local language to benefit the
community as a whole)
I also encourage you to follow the experts (refer lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section) in nutrition and
exercise to learn and educate yourself
Since you have decided to read this book I would like to say Congrats and Welcome
Also everything you are going to read is only related to Body Recomposition ie Losing Fat
(weight) and Building Muscles For therapeutic diets like acidity issues or any medical
conditions please consult a doctor Usually most (if not all) are lifestyle driven and should get
sorted with improvement in lifestyle
Disclaimer The information in this group and the document is all an outcome of my personal learnings
Nothing in this document should be considered a medical advice Please consult your doctor for
any medical condition and take consent before starting any medicines and supplements
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 8 | 60
WHY
Why You Would Want To Read This
Me Honestly speaking you donrsquot have a choice It is only a matter of time
You But hellip I donrsquot have a medical condition I donrsquot have pain I donrsquot take medicines and I donrsquot look fat hellip
Me Huh I know hellip read below now
I see and listen to all this very often but hellip you are ignoring what you are not doinghellip Let me help
you do some self-realization
Computers Tablets and Smartphones ndash lsquoBoon to Businessrsquo BUT lsquoBane to Bodyrsquo
New Trends hellip
Earlier Today
People who visited orthopaedics were kids People who visit orthopaedics are teenagers and middle aged adults
Key Problems Injuries and fractures (during play) or accidental cases
Key Problems Lower Back pain Spinal issues Postural issues
No wonder Dettol changed their strategy
From a product mostly used on injuries (Dettol Anti-Septic) to a product mostly used for prevention (Dettol Soap) because they saw the trendhellip not of better health but they feared of losing business as people became lazy and technology slaves their inactivity led to other business challenges
People doing corporate jobs have become computer and smartphone ninjas hellip but they
are not realising that they are losing out on a Strength Mobility Flexibility and creating a lot
of pressure on spine hormones and other body functioning
They are becoming Fat Lazy Stressed Junk Eaters Smokers Drinkers and are surrounded
with all kinds of lifestyle issues
How do I know all this
o Been there and Done that
o I asked the same questions to my doctors in the clinic lsquowho would visit them these
daysrsquo hellip and these were the answers ie from an lsquoinjuryrsquo to a lsquolifestyle and posture
problemrsquo
o Donrsquot take my word for it hellip just visit any physiotherapy clinic and observe the
age group and their key complaints hellip
Do you recall that spectacles was so Uncommon in our parentsrsquo generation but so
common todayhellip
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Look at hair loss and greying hair hellip so common in todayrsquos generation hellip and see Diabetes
Blood Pressure Fatty Liver Thyroid PCOD hellip
In our parentsrsquo generation people used to get diabetic after the age of 45 (that too very
few)
o Today I know so many people in the age group of 30s taking insulin shots and
plethora of people taking meds for Diabetes Blood Pressure Thyroid PCOD etc
Still Not With Me Okay ask any girl in the age group of 20-30s hellip about PCODPCOS
o They will recall you at least 5 names in their circle they are aware of (they
themselves also might be a part of it)
o I am aware of many of my family members or relatives struggling with this
Common Characteristic - mostly obese bad lifestlye (eating outside
eating all high calorie sugary and fatty processed foods highly stressed
in their personal life)
o Also I am sure most of our parents never knew about this condition
Not because they were less educated but because they didnrsquot need to
Try asking people about thyroid hellip you will find at least 3-4 people in your family
(including close relatives) suffering with ithellip
What Do You Think All This Has Triggered From
Thatrsquos why I said you donrsquot have a choice Sooner or Later it will hit you
You must be thinking that our parents grandparents never thought about such issues hellip
Yes they didnrsquot need to because their equation was balanced on both the sides
They didnrsquot have easy access to such high calorie stuff and their physical stress (again not
morning walk and yoga) was through the roof
o Remember you dadi and nani making flour out of wheat by hand
o Preparing spices by hand
o Preparing food and sweets all by themselves
o Washing and rinsing and drying clothes by hand
o Sweeping cleaning the house by themselves
o Taking out water from wells and then carrying it to home etc
o In fact I can relate almost every gym exercise to one of these such movements
How much of that you do today (Similarly with our dada and nana)
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 10 | 60
o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 11 | 60
FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 12 | 60
o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 13 | 60
Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 15 | 60
Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 17 | 60
30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 19 | 60
Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 20 | 60
TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 21 | 60
EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 22 | 60
o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 4 | 60
HOW IT ALL BEGAN
Hi I am Vijay - an ex-corporate servant for 10+ years Currently running a polyclinic in Mumbai
with a team for 20+ doctors from different specialities (huh hellip cut it short hellip who cares)
All this started with I becoming fat and my HBA1C (blood marker for diabetes) hitting 63 ie pre
diabetic (I still consider it diabetic) A little more into flashback
I was healthy (neither fat nor fit) and (un)happy working in a corporate job
Things were going fine and the worst (probably slightly better than my job)
thing happened ie marriage
All those pre-post wedding lunches and dinners and endless similar shit
started I got complacent about the health and became fat lazy as fack
Meanwhile I quit my job and started this clinic (wife is a dentist) in Mumbai
During this time I left all my physical activities (as it is I was mostly out of
exercises amp play for almost 14 years)
Got MRIs done but nothing major came out During all this another medical
condition hit me I was diagnosed prediabetes (HBA1C - 63) I hated it - Dad
is diabetic for 30+ years amp on insulins shots for past 10+ years Have seen
him being hypoglycaemic and sweating like as if taking a bath (and helpless at such occasions)
My brother also recently got diagnosed with diabetes I cried that night and decided to take
control of things
Being in the medical field I was a member of few fitness groups for quite some time but now I
started following them actively
Soon I was diagnosed with early degeneration of spine givi
person
ng me
tremendous lower back pain with just normal sitting So I would usually stand
the whole day hellip Later took help from physiotherapist and got better but
again stopped all exercises because I was a lazy fat Guess what the
pain came back with higher intensity and rigid (not going away) Again took
gt30 physio sessions (from 4 different experts but all went in vain) hellip only
improvement - The pain became bearable I became accustomed to it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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It was all new approach to science logical and no push towards supplements or fat burners or
mass gainers and steroids It was all natural Thank to these folks for my early health
improvements fitness and knowledge (See the lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section)
I took it to next level and completed formal education in Exercise and
Nutrition Science I also started exercising in gym I lost a lot of weight
(close to 20 kgs) which mostly was fat (some bit of muscle too as it is a
part and parcel of this cycle hellip will discuss sometime later)
This journey hasnrsquot been smooth as obviously not completed Have
been hit with a lot of roadblocks especially my continual spinal injuries
but this isnrsquot over yet
Destination is far and it is okay to take pit stops but not okay to turn
back or stop in between Run Walk Crawl Drag but damn it hellip complete it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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My Learnings During This Time hellip Quantified Results need Quantified Nutrition + Quantified Workout
(say 5 kg weight fat loss in 3 months)
Today Quantity of Food (kcal) is a greater concern than Quality of Food
(not saying quality doesnrsquot matter)
Consistency and Discipline is the Key to success
o Consistency gt Perfection
o Discipline gt Motivation
Body is not 70 Diet and 30 Exercise
o It is 100 Diet and 100 Exercise
My Genuine Advise Never Ever Stop Exercising
o Just morning walk or yoga is activity not exercise
o Exercise is challenging and pushing the body to newer limits
Force Kids to Play Outdoors
o I am lucky my parents didnrsquot get me a video game
Instead they got me a cycle to go to school
Save Money Save Time Save Environment Improve Athletic Ability
More Time Mobility Neural Co-ordination etc
o As my mom says पहला सख निरोगी काया
I know almost 98 of the people (especially in towns) still donrsquot do any activity
I have been lucky to run this clinic and met so many doctors from different backgrounds I get so
many different and interesting perspectives
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NOTE TO READERS
What you are going to read is quite a bit of information which I have accumulated over my
journey in this field from various courses books from international authors videos blogs
various discussions research studies etc It may be difficult to digest all this information at once
so read slowly read in tranches and read it several times
Also consider this as a handy workbook and feel free to circulate this amongst your friends or
people you find in need for FREE (request you not to charge anyone for the book)
If you have any doubts please post in the group (httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor)
and I will be more than happy to help you (to the best of my knowledge) on the topic
Also I understand that this field is continuously evolving and I will update keep this document
at regular intervals I will also try to create a local language version of this document (would
appreciate if someone can volunteer to do the same for their local language to benefit the
community as a whole)
I also encourage you to follow the experts (refer lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section) in nutrition and
exercise to learn and educate yourself
Since you have decided to read this book I would like to say Congrats and Welcome
Also everything you are going to read is only related to Body Recomposition ie Losing Fat
(weight) and Building Muscles For therapeutic diets like acidity issues or any medical
conditions please consult a doctor Usually most (if not all) are lifestyle driven and should get
sorted with improvement in lifestyle
Disclaimer The information in this group and the document is all an outcome of my personal learnings
Nothing in this document should be considered a medical advice Please consult your doctor for
any medical condition and take consent before starting any medicines and supplements
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 8 | 60
WHY
Why You Would Want To Read This
Me Honestly speaking you donrsquot have a choice It is only a matter of time
You But hellip I donrsquot have a medical condition I donrsquot have pain I donrsquot take medicines and I donrsquot look fat hellip
Me Huh I know hellip read below now
I see and listen to all this very often but hellip you are ignoring what you are not doinghellip Let me help
you do some self-realization
Computers Tablets and Smartphones ndash lsquoBoon to Businessrsquo BUT lsquoBane to Bodyrsquo
New Trends hellip
Earlier Today
People who visited orthopaedics were kids People who visit orthopaedics are teenagers and middle aged adults
Key Problems Injuries and fractures (during play) or accidental cases
Key Problems Lower Back pain Spinal issues Postural issues
No wonder Dettol changed their strategy
From a product mostly used on injuries (Dettol Anti-Septic) to a product mostly used for prevention (Dettol Soap) because they saw the trendhellip not of better health but they feared of losing business as people became lazy and technology slaves their inactivity led to other business challenges
People doing corporate jobs have become computer and smartphone ninjas hellip but they
are not realising that they are losing out on a Strength Mobility Flexibility and creating a lot
of pressure on spine hormones and other body functioning
They are becoming Fat Lazy Stressed Junk Eaters Smokers Drinkers and are surrounded
with all kinds of lifestyle issues
How do I know all this
o Been there and Done that
o I asked the same questions to my doctors in the clinic lsquowho would visit them these
daysrsquo hellip and these were the answers ie from an lsquoinjuryrsquo to a lsquolifestyle and posture
problemrsquo
o Donrsquot take my word for it hellip just visit any physiotherapy clinic and observe the
age group and their key complaints hellip
Do you recall that spectacles was so Uncommon in our parentsrsquo generation but so
common todayhellip
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 9 | 60
Look at hair loss and greying hair hellip so common in todayrsquos generation hellip and see Diabetes
Blood Pressure Fatty Liver Thyroid PCOD hellip
In our parentsrsquo generation people used to get diabetic after the age of 45 (that too very
few)
o Today I know so many people in the age group of 30s taking insulin shots and
plethora of people taking meds for Diabetes Blood Pressure Thyroid PCOD etc
Still Not With Me Okay ask any girl in the age group of 20-30s hellip about PCODPCOS
o They will recall you at least 5 names in their circle they are aware of (they
themselves also might be a part of it)
o I am aware of many of my family members or relatives struggling with this
Common Characteristic - mostly obese bad lifestlye (eating outside
eating all high calorie sugary and fatty processed foods highly stressed
in their personal life)
o Also I am sure most of our parents never knew about this condition
Not because they were less educated but because they didnrsquot need to
Try asking people about thyroid hellip you will find at least 3-4 people in your family
(including close relatives) suffering with ithellip
What Do You Think All This Has Triggered From
Thatrsquos why I said you donrsquot have a choice Sooner or Later it will hit you
You must be thinking that our parents grandparents never thought about such issues hellip
Yes they didnrsquot need to because their equation was balanced on both the sides
They didnrsquot have easy access to such high calorie stuff and their physical stress (again not
morning walk and yoga) was through the roof
o Remember you dadi and nani making flour out of wheat by hand
o Preparing spices by hand
o Preparing food and sweets all by themselves
o Washing and rinsing and drying clothes by hand
o Sweeping cleaning the house by themselves
o Taking out water from wells and then carrying it to home etc
o In fact I can relate almost every gym exercise to one of these such movements
How much of that you do today (Similarly with our dada and nana)
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 10 | 60
o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 11 | 60
FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 12 | 60
o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 13 | 60
Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 14 | 60
NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 15 | 60
Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 16 | 60
Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 17 | 60
30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 19 | 60
Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 21 | 60
EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 22 | 60
o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 27 | 60
o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 49 | 60
Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 5 | 60
It was all new approach to science logical and no push towards supplements or fat burners or
mass gainers and steroids It was all natural Thank to these folks for my early health
improvements fitness and knowledge (See the lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section)
I took it to next level and completed formal education in Exercise and
Nutrition Science I also started exercising in gym I lost a lot of weight
(close to 20 kgs) which mostly was fat (some bit of muscle too as it is a
part and parcel of this cycle hellip will discuss sometime later)
This journey hasnrsquot been smooth as obviously not completed Have
been hit with a lot of roadblocks especially my continual spinal injuries
but this isnrsquot over yet
Destination is far and it is okay to take pit stops but not okay to turn
back or stop in between Run Walk Crawl Drag but damn it hellip complete it
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My Learnings During This Time hellip Quantified Results need Quantified Nutrition + Quantified Workout
(say 5 kg weight fat loss in 3 months)
Today Quantity of Food (kcal) is a greater concern than Quality of Food
(not saying quality doesnrsquot matter)
Consistency and Discipline is the Key to success
o Consistency gt Perfection
o Discipline gt Motivation
Body is not 70 Diet and 30 Exercise
o It is 100 Diet and 100 Exercise
My Genuine Advise Never Ever Stop Exercising
o Just morning walk or yoga is activity not exercise
o Exercise is challenging and pushing the body to newer limits
Force Kids to Play Outdoors
o I am lucky my parents didnrsquot get me a video game
Instead they got me a cycle to go to school
Save Money Save Time Save Environment Improve Athletic Ability
More Time Mobility Neural Co-ordination etc
o As my mom says पहला सख निरोगी काया
I know almost 98 of the people (especially in towns) still donrsquot do any activity
I have been lucky to run this clinic and met so many doctors from different backgrounds I get so
many different and interesting perspectives
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NOTE TO READERS
What you are going to read is quite a bit of information which I have accumulated over my
journey in this field from various courses books from international authors videos blogs
various discussions research studies etc It may be difficult to digest all this information at once
so read slowly read in tranches and read it several times
Also consider this as a handy workbook and feel free to circulate this amongst your friends or
people you find in need for FREE (request you not to charge anyone for the book)
If you have any doubts please post in the group (httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor)
and I will be more than happy to help you (to the best of my knowledge) on the topic
Also I understand that this field is continuously evolving and I will update keep this document
at regular intervals I will also try to create a local language version of this document (would
appreciate if someone can volunteer to do the same for their local language to benefit the
community as a whole)
I also encourage you to follow the experts (refer lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section) in nutrition and
exercise to learn and educate yourself
Since you have decided to read this book I would like to say Congrats and Welcome
Also everything you are going to read is only related to Body Recomposition ie Losing Fat
(weight) and Building Muscles For therapeutic diets like acidity issues or any medical
conditions please consult a doctor Usually most (if not all) are lifestyle driven and should get
sorted with improvement in lifestyle
Disclaimer The information in this group and the document is all an outcome of my personal learnings
Nothing in this document should be considered a medical advice Please consult your doctor for
any medical condition and take consent before starting any medicines and supplements
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WHY
Why You Would Want To Read This
Me Honestly speaking you donrsquot have a choice It is only a matter of time
You But hellip I donrsquot have a medical condition I donrsquot have pain I donrsquot take medicines and I donrsquot look fat hellip
Me Huh I know hellip read below now
I see and listen to all this very often but hellip you are ignoring what you are not doinghellip Let me help
you do some self-realization
Computers Tablets and Smartphones ndash lsquoBoon to Businessrsquo BUT lsquoBane to Bodyrsquo
New Trends hellip
Earlier Today
People who visited orthopaedics were kids People who visit orthopaedics are teenagers and middle aged adults
Key Problems Injuries and fractures (during play) or accidental cases
Key Problems Lower Back pain Spinal issues Postural issues
No wonder Dettol changed their strategy
From a product mostly used on injuries (Dettol Anti-Septic) to a product mostly used for prevention (Dettol Soap) because they saw the trendhellip not of better health but they feared of losing business as people became lazy and technology slaves their inactivity led to other business challenges
People doing corporate jobs have become computer and smartphone ninjas hellip but they
are not realising that they are losing out on a Strength Mobility Flexibility and creating a lot
of pressure on spine hormones and other body functioning
They are becoming Fat Lazy Stressed Junk Eaters Smokers Drinkers and are surrounded
with all kinds of lifestyle issues
How do I know all this
o Been there and Done that
o I asked the same questions to my doctors in the clinic lsquowho would visit them these
daysrsquo hellip and these were the answers ie from an lsquoinjuryrsquo to a lsquolifestyle and posture
problemrsquo
o Donrsquot take my word for it hellip just visit any physiotherapy clinic and observe the
age group and their key complaints hellip
Do you recall that spectacles was so Uncommon in our parentsrsquo generation but so
common todayhellip
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Look at hair loss and greying hair hellip so common in todayrsquos generation hellip and see Diabetes
Blood Pressure Fatty Liver Thyroid PCOD hellip
In our parentsrsquo generation people used to get diabetic after the age of 45 (that too very
few)
o Today I know so many people in the age group of 30s taking insulin shots and
plethora of people taking meds for Diabetes Blood Pressure Thyroid PCOD etc
Still Not With Me Okay ask any girl in the age group of 20-30s hellip about PCODPCOS
o They will recall you at least 5 names in their circle they are aware of (they
themselves also might be a part of it)
o I am aware of many of my family members or relatives struggling with this
Common Characteristic - mostly obese bad lifestlye (eating outside
eating all high calorie sugary and fatty processed foods highly stressed
in their personal life)
o Also I am sure most of our parents never knew about this condition
Not because they were less educated but because they didnrsquot need to
Try asking people about thyroid hellip you will find at least 3-4 people in your family
(including close relatives) suffering with ithellip
What Do You Think All This Has Triggered From
Thatrsquos why I said you donrsquot have a choice Sooner or Later it will hit you
You must be thinking that our parents grandparents never thought about such issues hellip
Yes they didnrsquot need to because their equation was balanced on both the sides
They didnrsquot have easy access to such high calorie stuff and their physical stress (again not
morning walk and yoga) was through the roof
o Remember you dadi and nani making flour out of wheat by hand
o Preparing spices by hand
o Preparing food and sweets all by themselves
o Washing and rinsing and drying clothes by hand
o Sweeping cleaning the house by themselves
o Taking out water from wells and then carrying it to home etc
o In fact I can relate almost every gym exercise to one of these such movements
How much of that you do today (Similarly with our dada and nana)
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o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 11 | 60
FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
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o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 13 | 60
Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 6 | 60
My Learnings During This Time hellip Quantified Results need Quantified Nutrition + Quantified Workout
(say 5 kg weight fat loss in 3 months)
Today Quantity of Food (kcal) is a greater concern than Quality of Food
(not saying quality doesnrsquot matter)
Consistency and Discipline is the Key to success
o Consistency gt Perfection
o Discipline gt Motivation
Body is not 70 Diet and 30 Exercise
o It is 100 Diet and 100 Exercise
My Genuine Advise Never Ever Stop Exercising
o Just morning walk or yoga is activity not exercise
o Exercise is challenging and pushing the body to newer limits
Force Kids to Play Outdoors
o I am lucky my parents didnrsquot get me a video game
Instead they got me a cycle to go to school
Save Money Save Time Save Environment Improve Athletic Ability
More Time Mobility Neural Co-ordination etc
o As my mom says पहला सख निरोगी काया
I know almost 98 of the people (especially in towns) still donrsquot do any activity
I have been lucky to run this clinic and met so many doctors from different backgrounds I get so
many different and interesting perspectives
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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NOTE TO READERS
What you are going to read is quite a bit of information which I have accumulated over my
journey in this field from various courses books from international authors videos blogs
various discussions research studies etc It may be difficult to digest all this information at once
so read slowly read in tranches and read it several times
Also consider this as a handy workbook and feel free to circulate this amongst your friends or
people you find in need for FREE (request you not to charge anyone for the book)
If you have any doubts please post in the group (httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor)
and I will be more than happy to help you (to the best of my knowledge) on the topic
Also I understand that this field is continuously evolving and I will update keep this document
at regular intervals I will also try to create a local language version of this document (would
appreciate if someone can volunteer to do the same for their local language to benefit the
community as a whole)
I also encourage you to follow the experts (refer lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section) in nutrition and
exercise to learn and educate yourself
Since you have decided to read this book I would like to say Congrats and Welcome
Also everything you are going to read is only related to Body Recomposition ie Losing Fat
(weight) and Building Muscles For therapeutic diets like acidity issues or any medical
conditions please consult a doctor Usually most (if not all) are lifestyle driven and should get
sorted with improvement in lifestyle
Disclaimer The information in this group and the document is all an outcome of my personal learnings
Nothing in this document should be considered a medical advice Please consult your doctor for
any medical condition and take consent before starting any medicines and supplements
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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WHY
Why You Would Want To Read This
Me Honestly speaking you donrsquot have a choice It is only a matter of time
You But hellip I donrsquot have a medical condition I donrsquot have pain I donrsquot take medicines and I donrsquot look fat hellip
Me Huh I know hellip read below now
I see and listen to all this very often but hellip you are ignoring what you are not doinghellip Let me help
you do some self-realization
Computers Tablets and Smartphones ndash lsquoBoon to Businessrsquo BUT lsquoBane to Bodyrsquo
New Trends hellip
Earlier Today
People who visited orthopaedics were kids People who visit orthopaedics are teenagers and middle aged adults
Key Problems Injuries and fractures (during play) or accidental cases
Key Problems Lower Back pain Spinal issues Postural issues
No wonder Dettol changed their strategy
From a product mostly used on injuries (Dettol Anti-Septic) to a product mostly used for prevention (Dettol Soap) because they saw the trendhellip not of better health but they feared of losing business as people became lazy and technology slaves their inactivity led to other business challenges
People doing corporate jobs have become computer and smartphone ninjas hellip but they
are not realising that they are losing out on a Strength Mobility Flexibility and creating a lot
of pressure on spine hormones and other body functioning
They are becoming Fat Lazy Stressed Junk Eaters Smokers Drinkers and are surrounded
with all kinds of lifestyle issues
How do I know all this
o Been there and Done that
o I asked the same questions to my doctors in the clinic lsquowho would visit them these
daysrsquo hellip and these were the answers ie from an lsquoinjuryrsquo to a lsquolifestyle and posture
problemrsquo
o Donrsquot take my word for it hellip just visit any physiotherapy clinic and observe the
age group and their key complaints hellip
Do you recall that spectacles was so Uncommon in our parentsrsquo generation but so
common todayhellip
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Look at hair loss and greying hair hellip so common in todayrsquos generation hellip and see Diabetes
Blood Pressure Fatty Liver Thyroid PCOD hellip
In our parentsrsquo generation people used to get diabetic after the age of 45 (that too very
few)
o Today I know so many people in the age group of 30s taking insulin shots and
plethora of people taking meds for Diabetes Blood Pressure Thyroid PCOD etc
Still Not With Me Okay ask any girl in the age group of 20-30s hellip about PCODPCOS
o They will recall you at least 5 names in their circle they are aware of (they
themselves also might be a part of it)
o I am aware of many of my family members or relatives struggling with this
Common Characteristic - mostly obese bad lifestlye (eating outside
eating all high calorie sugary and fatty processed foods highly stressed
in their personal life)
o Also I am sure most of our parents never knew about this condition
Not because they were less educated but because they didnrsquot need to
Try asking people about thyroid hellip you will find at least 3-4 people in your family
(including close relatives) suffering with ithellip
What Do You Think All This Has Triggered From
Thatrsquos why I said you donrsquot have a choice Sooner or Later it will hit you
You must be thinking that our parents grandparents never thought about such issues hellip
Yes they didnrsquot need to because their equation was balanced on both the sides
They didnrsquot have easy access to such high calorie stuff and their physical stress (again not
morning walk and yoga) was through the roof
o Remember you dadi and nani making flour out of wheat by hand
o Preparing spices by hand
o Preparing food and sweets all by themselves
o Washing and rinsing and drying clothes by hand
o Sweeping cleaning the house by themselves
o Taking out water from wells and then carrying it to home etc
o In fact I can relate almost every gym exercise to one of these such movements
How much of that you do today (Similarly with our dada and nana)
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o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 11 | 60
FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
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o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 22 | 60
o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 48 | 60
Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 49 | 60
Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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NOTE TO READERS
What you are going to read is quite a bit of information which I have accumulated over my
journey in this field from various courses books from international authors videos blogs
various discussions research studies etc It may be difficult to digest all this information at once
so read slowly read in tranches and read it several times
Also consider this as a handy workbook and feel free to circulate this amongst your friends or
people you find in need for FREE (request you not to charge anyone for the book)
If you have any doubts please post in the group (httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor)
and I will be more than happy to help you (to the best of my knowledge) on the topic
Also I understand that this field is continuously evolving and I will update keep this document
at regular intervals I will also try to create a local language version of this document (would
appreciate if someone can volunteer to do the same for their local language to benefit the
community as a whole)
I also encourage you to follow the experts (refer lsquoPeople to Followrsquo section) in nutrition and
exercise to learn and educate yourself
Since you have decided to read this book I would like to say Congrats and Welcome
Also everything you are going to read is only related to Body Recomposition ie Losing Fat
(weight) and Building Muscles For therapeutic diets like acidity issues or any medical
conditions please consult a doctor Usually most (if not all) are lifestyle driven and should get
sorted with improvement in lifestyle
Disclaimer The information in this group and the document is all an outcome of my personal learnings
Nothing in this document should be considered a medical advice Please consult your doctor for
any medical condition and take consent before starting any medicines and supplements
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WHY
Why You Would Want To Read This
Me Honestly speaking you donrsquot have a choice It is only a matter of time
You But hellip I donrsquot have a medical condition I donrsquot have pain I donrsquot take medicines and I donrsquot look fat hellip
Me Huh I know hellip read below now
I see and listen to all this very often but hellip you are ignoring what you are not doinghellip Let me help
you do some self-realization
Computers Tablets and Smartphones ndash lsquoBoon to Businessrsquo BUT lsquoBane to Bodyrsquo
New Trends hellip
Earlier Today
People who visited orthopaedics were kids People who visit orthopaedics are teenagers and middle aged adults
Key Problems Injuries and fractures (during play) or accidental cases
Key Problems Lower Back pain Spinal issues Postural issues
No wonder Dettol changed their strategy
From a product mostly used on injuries (Dettol Anti-Septic) to a product mostly used for prevention (Dettol Soap) because they saw the trendhellip not of better health but they feared of losing business as people became lazy and technology slaves their inactivity led to other business challenges
People doing corporate jobs have become computer and smartphone ninjas hellip but they
are not realising that they are losing out on a Strength Mobility Flexibility and creating a lot
of pressure on spine hormones and other body functioning
They are becoming Fat Lazy Stressed Junk Eaters Smokers Drinkers and are surrounded
with all kinds of lifestyle issues
How do I know all this
o Been there and Done that
o I asked the same questions to my doctors in the clinic lsquowho would visit them these
daysrsquo hellip and these were the answers ie from an lsquoinjuryrsquo to a lsquolifestyle and posture
problemrsquo
o Donrsquot take my word for it hellip just visit any physiotherapy clinic and observe the
age group and their key complaints hellip
Do you recall that spectacles was so Uncommon in our parentsrsquo generation but so
common todayhellip
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Look at hair loss and greying hair hellip so common in todayrsquos generation hellip and see Diabetes
Blood Pressure Fatty Liver Thyroid PCOD hellip
In our parentsrsquo generation people used to get diabetic after the age of 45 (that too very
few)
o Today I know so many people in the age group of 30s taking insulin shots and
plethora of people taking meds for Diabetes Blood Pressure Thyroid PCOD etc
Still Not With Me Okay ask any girl in the age group of 20-30s hellip about PCODPCOS
o They will recall you at least 5 names in their circle they are aware of (they
themselves also might be a part of it)
o I am aware of many of my family members or relatives struggling with this
Common Characteristic - mostly obese bad lifestlye (eating outside
eating all high calorie sugary and fatty processed foods highly stressed
in their personal life)
o Also I am sure most of our parents never knew about this condition
Not because they were less educated but because they didnrsquot need to
Try asking people about thyroid hellip you will find at least 3-4 people in your family
(including close relatives) suffering with ithellip
What Do You Think All This Has Triggered From
Thatrsquos why I said you donrsquot have a choice Sooner or Later it will hit you
You must be thinking that our parents grandparents never thought about such issues hellip
Yes they didnrsquot need to because their equation was balanced on both the sides
They didnrsquot have easy access to such high calorie stuff and their physical stress (again not
morning walk and yoga) was through the roof
o Remember you dadi and nani making flour out of wheat by hand
o Preparing spices by hand
o Preparing food and sweets all by themselves
o Washing and rinsing and drying clothes by hand
o Sweeping cleaning the house by themselves
o Taking out water from wells and then carrying it to home etc
o In fact I can relate almost every gym exercise to one of these such movements
How much of that you do today (Similarly with our dada and nana)
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o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
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FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
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o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 15 | 60
Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 8 | 60
WHY
Why You Would Want To Read This
Me Honestly speaking you donrsquot have a choice It is only a matter of time
You But hellip I donrsquot have a medical condition I donrsquot have pain I donrsquot take medicines and I donrsquot look fat hellip
Me Huh I know hellip read below now
I see and listen to all this very often but hellip you are ignoring what you are not doinghellip Let me help
you do some self-realization
Computers Tablets and Smartphones ndash lsquoBoon to Businessrsquo BUT lsquoBane to Bodyrsquo
New Trends hellip
Earlier Today
People who visited orthopaedics were kids People who visit orthopaedics are teenagers and middle aged adults
Key Problems Injuries and fractures (during play) or accidental cases
Key Problems Lower Back pain Spinal issues Postural issues
No wonder Dettol changed their strategy
From a product mostly used on injuries (Dettol Anti-Septic) to a product mostly used for prevention (Dettol Soap) because they saw the trendhellip not of better health but they feared of losing business as people became lazy and technology slaves their inactivity led to other business challenges
People doing corporate jobs have become computer and smartphone ninjas hellip but they
are not realising that they are losing out on a Strength Mobility Flexibility and creating a lot
of pressure on spine hormones and other body functioning
They are becoming Fat Lazy Stressed Junk Eaters Smokers Drinkers and are surrounded
with all kinds of lifestyle issues
How do I know all this
o Been there and Done that
o I asked the same questions to my doctors in the clinic lsquowho would visit them these
daysrsquo hellip and these were the answers ie from an lsquoinjuryrsquo to a lsquolifestyle and posture
problemrsquo
o Donrsquot take my word for it hellip just visit any physiotherapy clinic and observe the
age group and their key complaints hellip
Do you recall that spectacles was so Uncommon in our parentsrsquo generation but so
common todayhellip
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Look at hair loss and greying hair hellip so common in todayrsquos generation hellip and see Diabetes
Blood Pressure Fatty Liver Thyroid PCOD hellip
In our parentsrsquo generation people used to get diabetic after the age of 45 (that too very
few)
o Today I know so many people in the age group of 30s taking insulin shots and
plethora of people taking meds for Diabetes Blood Pressure Thyroid PCOD etc
Still Not With Me Okay ask any girl in the age group of 20-30s hellip about PCODPCOS
o They will recall you at least 5 names in their circle they are aware of (they
themselves also might be a part of it)
o I am aware of many of my family members or relatives struggling with this
Common Characteristic - mostly obese bad lifestlye (eating outside
eating all high calorie sugary and fatty processed foods highly stressed
in their personal life)
o Also I am sure most of our parents never knew about this condition
Not because they were less educated but because they didnrsquot need to
Try asking people about thyroid hellip you will find at least 3-4 people in your family
(including close relatives) suffering with ithellip
What Do You Think All This Has Triggered From
Thatrsquos why I said you donrsquot have a choice Sooner or Later it will hit you
You must be thinking that our parents grandparents never thought about such issues hellip
Yes they didnrsquot need to because their equation was balanced on both the sides
They didnrsquot have easy access to such high calorie stuff and their physical stress (again not
morning walk and yoga) was through the roof
o Remember you dadi and nani making flour out of wheat by hand
o Preparing spices by hand
o Preparing food and sweets all by themselves
o Washing and rinsing and drying clothes by hand
o Sweeping cleaning the house by themselves
o Taking out water from wells and then carrying it to home etc
o In fact I can relate almost every gym exercise to one of these such movements
How much of that you do today (Similarly with our dada and nana)
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o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 11 | 60
FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
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o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 17 | 60
30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 22 | 60
o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 25 | 60
Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 27 | 60
o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Look at hair loss and greying hair hellip so common in todayrsquos generation hellip and see Diabetes
Blood Pressure Fatty Liver Thyroid PCOD hellip
In our parentsrsquo generation people used to get diabetic after the age of 45 (that too very
few)
o Today I know so many people in the age group of 30s taking insulin shots and
plethora of people taking meds for Diabetes Blood Pressure Thyroid PCOD etc
Still Not With Me Okay ask any girl in the age group of 20-30s hellip about PCODPCOS
o They will recall you at least 5 names in their circle they are aware of (they
themselves also might be a part of it)
o I am aware of many of my family members or relatives struggling with this
Common Characteristic - mostly obese bad lifestlye (eating outside
eating all high calorie sugary and fatty processed foods highly stressed
in their personal life)
o Also I am sure most of our parents never knew about this condition
Not because they were less educated but because they didnrsquot need to
Try asking people about thyroid hellip you will find at least 3-4 people in your family
(including close relatives) suffering with ithellip
What Do You Think All This Has Triggered From
Thatrsquos why I said you donrsquot have a choice Sooner or Later it will hit you
You must be thinking that our parents grandparents never thought about such issues hellip
Yes they didnrsquot need to because their equation was balanced on both the sides
They didnrsquot have easy access to such high calorie stuff and their physical stress (again not
morning walk and yoga) was through the roof
o Remember you dadi and nani making flour out of wheat by hand
o Preparing spices by hand
o Preparing food and sweets all by themselves
o Washing and rinsing and drying clothes by hand
o Sweeping cleaning the house by themselves
o Taking out water from wells and then carrying it to home etc
o In fact I can relate almost every gym exercise to one of these such movements
How much of that you do today (Similarly with our dada and nana)
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o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
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FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
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o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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o Do you think they could afford high calorie stuff hellip most probably NO
o Outside dinners and coffee meets were a super luxury
o Desserts was not an after meal thing
It was a sought after thing which was available either on marriages or on
festivals (that to made at home)
Now you see it is all lifestyle
Do We Have A Solution Yes hellip Eat Less Energy amp Spend More Energy
It means
Eat for a Purpose Neither for Taste Nor for Emotion
Sounds simple correct Chalo Letrsquos do it then
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FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 11 | 60
FIRST SOME DOUBTS
Why Do We Get Fat At Young Age
o Body has a need for energy to grow and build body parts
o Your physical efforts (still for many in this generation) is at peak
o So even if you overeat slightly during the growing age body takes care of it
Once you hit puberty ie adulthood (17-18 years)
o Bodyrsquos sole goal is survival
o Your physical activity comes to a standstill
o This is where the problem starts
We now have the appetite to eat more
Have easy access to high kcal stuff (no one to stop)
Have parties to attend etc
And we hate moving around physically
We want to sit or drive down to every inch of the road
This is how we create Energy Imbalance and become fat
Why Do We Feel Hungry Even If We Are Fat Letrsquos get into some history
Human race started with the problem of searching for food
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o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 12 | 60
o We would usually hunt food
o There would be days weeks when we didnrsquot get food
even famines and droughts
o So our bodies were designed for survival in these situations
and we still havenrsquot evolved)
How do you think the human race survived in such times
o It survived by storing energy for bad times ie becoming fat or I should say
storing fat (Fat is stored form of energy in body)
o Yes the fatter you were the better were your chances of survival
Just like a camel stores water for bad times in a desert
And they didnrsquot struggle with such lifestyle issues as we do
because their equation was balanced ie superb tolerance to food
because of high physical stress
So even if we are fat ie we have enough energy pool why does body still trigger me to
eat
o Because body like energy (like everyone is fond of more money power) and
doesnrsquot like to use its reserves
Like you donrsquot fill your bikecar after exhausting the last drop you fill it
much before
In fact in most situations you fill your vehicles even before you hit your
reserve mark
o It triggers you to eat when its readily usable energy falls below a threshold
Technically Speaking We Can Survive Without Food For Several Months
So for example a 100 kg guy (with BMR of 2000 kcal) with 40 Body Fat can technically survive for approx 180 days without eating a single grain of food (40 kg Body fat will
give 36 lac kcal)
Today the problem has changed from famines or hunting for food to oversupply of food
at least to many of us who are fat
o Body hasnrsquot evolved and doesnrsquot understand thathellip
We have Swiggy Food panda Dominos Uber Eats and food product
companies like Amul Britannia Coke Pepsi etc
which can supply us loads of energy (literally a weekrsquos energy) just within
15-20 mins that too on a phone call (which is again free thanks to Jio)
And a fraction of cost (thanks to our parents for earning that wealth)
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Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Food Calories 100 gms
Pizza (Regular Crust)
260
Vegetable Burger (without Cheese)
250
Biscuit (usually a packet)
500
Bread (usually 4 slices)
300
Soft Drink 45
Flavoured Milk Drink 90
Fruit Juice 45
Kaju Katli 450
I Used To Eat 1 Kg Of Kaju Katli
at Once
during my school days
What Happens To The Fat After We Become Slim It gets converted to water and carbon dioxide
Water gets excreted from our body in the form of pee sweat and other bodily fluids
The Carbon Dioxide gets excreted during exhalation ie breathing out
Fat is not Sweat Crying LOL
What rsquos The Difference Between Weight Loss amp Fat Loss Body is made of Muscles Fat Water Skeletal Structure Organs
Technically speaking you can lose weight from any of these
o Just cut your skull and you will lost 6-7 kgs in a second
o Hope you got the point
So do not harp too much on weight
o No one is going to measure your progress by making you stand on a weighing
scale
o They will see and probably appreciate the new you
So when you say weight loss you ideally donrsquot want to lose from anything else apart from Fat
not even water unless you have a goal (comp prep) in mind
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NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 14 | 60
NOW SOME BASIC SCIENCE(Y) STUFF
Body Composition What Is Body Made Of Water + Organs + Muscles + Fat + Skeletal Structure ie Bones Ligaments Tendons
BMI amp Weight Are Deceptive
Bodyrsquos Energy Requirements
What is Energy
Energy cannot be destroyed hellip it only changes form like electricity to heat petro or diesel or coal
to heat etc
For humans the food we eat provides energy for daily functioning (activities and exercises) and
survival (functioning of organs and parts like brain liver kidney heart intestines etc)
What do we get from Food
Food = Macro Nutrients + Micro Nutrients
Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
What we eat in large quantities (usually in grams)
What you eat in smaller quantities but are still important (usually in milligrams or micrograms)
Carbs Proteins Fats Fibers Minerals and Vitamins
Imagine a brick wall Macro Nutrients are the bricks and Micro Nutrients are the cement mix ie like a mortar that holds the bricks together
This energy is stored in food (different for each macro nutrient) is called Calorie also
represented as kcal
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Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 15 | 60
Carbohydrates 4 kcal
Proteins 4 kcal
Fats 9 kcal
Human body cannot process and derive energy from fibers (plants can)
o Although soluble fiber provides energy 2 kcal per gram but it can be ignored
safely as the total quantity of our fiber intake is low enough to not significantly
impact the calculations
Alcohol provides 7 kcals per gram
o And I donrsquot need to explain the reasons why it is to be avoided
Energy Balance
To Maintain Mass (Stable Weight)
Eat and Spend the SAME amount of CALORIES
To Add Mass (Weight Gain)
Eat MORE CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
To Reduce Mass (Weight Loss)
Eat LESS CALORIES than you Spend (more Calories not Grams Spoons Cups Glasses Bowls etc)
Every diet like Keto Paleo Low Carb Moderate Card High Carb and GM etc ever
existed till today
o Any diet given by any dietician or nutrition expert follows this energy balance
equation
Every dieting technique like Intermittent Fasting is designed to achieve the goal
(weight loss weight gain) of managing manipulating total energy balance
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Energy Intake
As described earlier all macro nutrients provide energy Water and Fiber provide 0 kcal An
easier way to remember energy value of foods is by looking at them as food groups
All foods if categorised in food groups provide similar energy (kcal) per 100 grams This is an
easier way to remember things (without the need to do rote learning) and look at food on a
broader picture
Food Group kcal 100
gms Common
Foods Macro Composition
Grains Cereals Millets Pulses Lentils Legumes
300 ndash 370 Oats Rice Wheat Dal
Carbs High Proteins Medium to Negligible (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats Low Fibers High to Medium
Meat Fish Prawns and Poultry
Vary Significantly
(on Type amp Body Part)
Chicken Lamb Beef Eggs Fish etc
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat Low to Moderate
Fruits 50 ndash 70 (or even lesser)
All common fruits
Majorly from Sucrose and Fructose and some bit of fiber (Now you sense why most fruit taste sweet)
Nuts amp Seeds 650 ndash 750
Almonds Cashews Groundnuts etc
Carbs Low - Moderate Protein Low - Moderate (that too missing many essential amino acids) Fats High Fiber Low ndash Moderate
Biscuits 500 ndash 550
Marie Nutrichoice Glucose Cream etc
Carbs High Protein Negligible Fat Minimal - Low Fiber Nil - Minimal
Dairy
300 ndash 350 Paneer and Cheese
Carbs Minimal Protein High Fat High Fiber Nil
70 ndash 100 Milk and Curd
Carbs Moderate Protein Moderate Fat Moderate Fiber Nil
Ghee Oils Butter
900 All Seed Oils Ghee Butter
Carbs Nil Protein Nil Fat High Fiber Nil
Vegetables 10 ndash 30 Green Leafy
Carbs Negligible Protein Negligible Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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30 ndash 70
Other Vegetables (including roots like Potato Sweet Potato)
Carbs Low to Moderate Protein Low Fat Nil Fiber Moderate
Sweeteners
350 ndash 400 Sugar Honey Jaggery
Carbs High Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
0 ndash 10
Stevia Erythritol Sucralose Xylitol Sugarfree
Carbs Negligible Protein Nil Fat Nil Fiber Nil
Also be cautious of the words like Nutri Natural Healthy Low fat Low Carb Zero
Cholesterol Green Brown Light etc
o They are nothing but marketing tricks All foods have a space in your diet and no
food (unless poisonous or intolerant) is bad
Donrsquot take my words for it and see it yourself (for some lazy ones I am listing few down
here)
o If you see the nutritional info and ingredients labels of food products you will be
surprised to see the way we are being fooled around by just putting such words
or by designing the packing in a green colour or showing some leaves etc
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Today we need to start looking at food from a
QUANTITY First
amp QUALITY Later perspective
Still Not Convinced Letrsquos Discuss The Following Situations
Sugar
Sugar is considered poison for a person who is diabetic right but what if the same person
goes hypoglycaemic (sugar going below normal levels)
o Obviously any doctor or a general person will suggest to eat candy chocolate
glucose sugary juice ice creams etc
Similarly you see sports people amp athletes consuming sugary drinks during the sports for
quick boost and continuous supply of energy
Intolerance Allergy
Lactose Intolerance
o So now if you give a regular milk (considered most healthy complete food) to such
a person he would obviously throw it back or show signs of allergic reactions like
stomach upset stomach ache rashes on skin etc
Gluten Intolerance
o The so called healthy wheat acts as a poison because our body doesnrsquot have the
relevant enzymes to break it or identify it as food and thus the inflammatory
system becomes hyperactive and reacts
Processed Foods
Even processed foods have their place in the food map
Imagine a person whose energy requirements are above 3000 kcal
o It is humanly impossible to keep eating such high calories with natural or
unprocessed foods
o People with such high energy requirements have to include cream biscuits
cakes pastries sweets etc to complete their calories
I know you are excited to read this and I will touch upon this later (Read Metabolic Adaptation
Section)
So you see where we are going hellip yeah hellip It Depends lsquoEverything is Contextualrsquo
I know you will not like this but my job here is to educate you and not please you )
We have now got some idea on how do we get energy letrsquos read how we utilize expend the
energy we ingested
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Energy Expenditure
TDEE = BMR + TEF + NEAT + EAT
TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure)
It is the total energy required by the body to maintain weight It is also called maintenance
calories or TEE (Total Energy Expenditure)
BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)
Also referred as RMR (Resting Metabolic Rate) sometimes (although there is a slight difference
but from practical application perspective you can ignore it) it is the energy needed by the body
to survive and support most important functions like functioning of all major organs (brain
kidney liver etc) hormones etc
It is amount of energy you require to stay alive even if u are bed ridden are just lying on
a sofa
Of the overall energy expenditure BMR is the biggest contributor close to 70
Some estimated numbers on energy used by different body parts
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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TEF (Thermic Effect of Food)
It is the energy needed by the body to digest and process the food that we have ingested On an
average it is estimated to be 10 of the total energy intake
NEAT (Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is energy used by the body for activities besides the planned exercises eg blinking of eyes
movement of hands while talking fidgeting etc
Refer to the chart for approx calorie expenditure each activity results in
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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EAT (Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
It is the energy used by the body during the various exercise and activities like jogging weight
lifting cycling etc
Approx caloric expenditure for different sports are mentioned below
Conversion Of Macro Nutrients To Usable Energy ie ATP
Carbs
The Carbs we eat gets converted to glucose
If the blood glucose levels excess lsquo4-5rsquo grams insulin (hormone) is released and instructs
liver and muscles to start absorbing the glucose form the blood
Since this glucose is a very small and volatile molecule (not optimal for storage) it gets
converted to glycogen (multiple units of glucose attached together) and gets stored in
muscles (400-600 grams) and liver (40-60 grams)
If the glycogen stores are full additional glucose gets converted and stored as fat
When there is a shortage of glucose glucagon (hormone) is released and instructs liver
to convert the stored glycogen into glucose and release in the blood stream
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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o Muscles cannot convert the glycogen to glucose but can use it directly as an
energy source during exercise or any physically intense activity
Fats
The Fats we eat either get used for energy (ie fatty acids) or gets stored as triglycerides
in the fat cells
If there are not enough fat cells body can produce more fat cells to store the extra
energy
Essentially fat is not bad
o It is very important macro nutrient and plays a lot of roles in the body
o Body can survive without Carbs but cannot survive without Fats
Proteins
The Proteins we eat get converted to amino acids and are repackaged to form various
tissues (parts and structures) in the body
o Body prefers to use these for making structures inside the body and avoid using
them energy
o Even though body can use them as energy source in dire situations or over
ingestion of protein
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
Even these Glucose Fatty Acids and Amino Acids are not energy
They get converted to the real usable energy (ie ATP) via various energy systems (like
Anaerobic Aerobic) which is then used by the body to do daily functions and activities
o Some energy system is slow some is fast
o Some energy system gives more ATP some gives little less ATP
Because of the choice of fuel
I will cover energy system with more detail later (Refer Workout Section)
Estimating Energy Requirements ie TDEE There are 2 approaches to it and both have their pros and cons
Theoretical Way
Mind you these are all estimations
o It is just impossible to find you exact BMR TEF NEAT EAT
They serve as a good starting point for most but also be vigilant
o These in some cases these can go really haywire
There are many equations available on internet which can be used to calculate your BMR
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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One of the most popular formula is Mifflin St Jeor Equation which estimates your BMR based
on your body parameters (you can even use Harris Benedict Equation)
Step 1 Calculating BMR
Mifflin St Jeor Equation
Women Men
BMR
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) ndash 161
(10 x weight in kgs) + (625 x height in cm) ndash (5 x age in years) + 5
Step 2 Calculating TDEE
Now multiply this BMR Value by the activity factor from the below Table
Sr No Lifestyle Activity Multiplier
1 Sedentary (Little or No Exercise)
12
2 Lightly Active (Light Exercise Sports 1-3 daysweek)
1375
3 Moderately Active (Moderate Exercise Sports 3-5 daysweek)
155
4 Very Active (Hard Exercise Sports 6-7 daysweek)
1725
Note
There are many calculators available online using various equations
All these are only approximations and can vary (plusmn) as much as 20 with your actual BMR
Even though these are approximations they serve a good starting point for someone
who is new to all this
Sample Calculation
I am Male 34 years old 165 cms tall weighing 75 kgs Moderately Active
My BMR comes to approx 1615 kcal
My TDEE will be 1615 155 = 2500 kcal
Practical Way
Create a one week food log of what you are eating
o Use MyFitnessPal or Google or Calorieking or Fatsecret to find out the calories
for foods you ate
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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o If you are using packaged items check the nutrition label at the back of the
product
Note that the nutritional label behind the pack is not always correct
These are also estimated values (many a times just calculations from food
databases)
Sometimes the manufacturers also play around with the numbers to
make the product look attractive or appealing to a specific audience
There may also be a printing error
The actual values may also differ lot wise but these are your best
estimates so go ahead with these numbers unless you find something
really fishy
Food Grams Calories
Wheat 100 350
Brown Rice 50 180
Apple 150 120
Vegetables 200 50
Dal 100 350
Oil 50 450
Total 1500
o Measure everything in raw quantities ie before cooking and in grams
Calculate the daily calories eaten and average weekly calories eaten
Check your weight daily
o If you are maintaining weight at these 1500 calories they are your maintenance
(TDEE) calories
o If you are losing weight at these 1500 calories it means you are eating less than
what your body needs and vice versa
Note
This is the most practical way to estimate calculate your TDEE
It will also have some error but it will be very small and this is the closest that you can get
Deciding On Your Goal
Goal 1 Lean Physique amp General Health
Gender Body Fat age Goal
Men ge 15 Bring Body Fat age to 10 - 12
Women ge 25 Bring Body Fat age to 20 - 22
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Men amp Women
Skinny Fat
Bring Body Fat age to these levels Creating small deficits This will be time consuming but the
right approach
For identifying your Fat Percentage you can either get a BCA done or refer the image
chart below
Just FYI none of the methods (BCA Caliper Formula Dexa Images) for estimating Fat
Percentage is 100 accurate
o All have margin of errors (of different magnitude Dexa being the closest but
costly)
o Understand no one is going to award reward you to calculate your BF age
correctly it is only for your reference and progress measurement
o All methods give you a good starting point so choose any (as per your
convenience pocket) but be consistent
The 2 primary reasons for first getting leaner is
o A lot of health markers including Insulin sensitivity will improve at a lower BF
age and the body can tolerate carbs which can help you perform better in gym
People will notice the results and you will be further motivated to take it
to next level
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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o Nutrition partitioning which decides whether you gain more of fat or muscles
also improves and you are likely to gain more of muscles compared to fat when
you go higher on calories
Goal 2 Gaining Muscles
If you are already lean or skinny (not skinny fat) it will be a good idea to start adding
muscles
This will happen if you are going on a surplus
o Beginners or People training after a long break can gain muscles event in deficit
Donrsquot create very large surplus (200-300 kcal) to ensure you gain more muscle and less
fat
o You cannot avoid gaining fat at best you can minimize it (Say 50-50)
o So gaining up to 500 gms week is a good starting point
Also when going on surplus ensure your workout is on point
o Otherwise you will gain just fat or more of fat
Manipulation of Calories Now once you have estimated your caloric needs you can create a deficit or a surplus depending
on your goal
Creating Deficit
Body doesnrsquot like shocks so create acceptableoptimal deficits
You can start with a deficit of 300 to 500 kcal (depending on you obesity) and your
current kcal intake
o So if you are obese you can create a deficit of up to 500 calories to start with
o The leaner you are or closer to your goal the smaller will be the deficit
This will also slow down your progress but thatrsquos fine
Retaining muscles is more important than speed of losing weight
Losing up to 500 grams week is a good starting point
o Keep your exercise on point to ensure you lose more of fat and least muscle
It is highly likely that you have done dieting in past (that too in the unhealthy way) and
might be already consuming very low kcal (Men lt1600 Women lt 1300)
o It will a good idea to go on higher calories to improve the metabolism and then
start reducing
o Read Metabolic Adaptation and Reverse Dieting sections
Also avoid going below these threshold calories
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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o Men lt1600
o Women lt 1300
Also ensure the protein levels and workout are optimum to ensure nilminimal muscle
loss
Physique Protein Requirements
Lean 18 to 2 grams per kg of Body Weight
Obese 14 to 18 grams per kg of Body Weight
Creating Surplus
Going gradual will be a good approach to ensure minimal fat gain and maximum muscle
gain
o Adding 500 grams week of weight is a good starting point
Once you have gained sufficient weight (ie Abs are not visible or somewhere around
20 Body Fat) it is better to again go on dieting phase
Continue this zig zag cycling and keep becoming better than your previous version
Managing Macros
Macro Guidelines
Protein Depends on many factors like Lean Body Mass Physical Activity etc A safe range is 14 grams to 22 grams kg of body weight
Fat Men ge 40 grams Women ge 60 grams
Net Carbs (Carbs - Fiber)
Keto le 30 grams Low 150 to 100 grams Moderate 250 to 150 grams High ge 300 grams
Fiber 30 to 35 grams
Also understand the above numbers are not cast in stone and should be used only as
guidelines
You can always deviate (if not keto)
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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LETrsquoS UNDERSTAND BODY TYPES
These phenotypes (body types) are not permanent and can change over time based on
individualrsquos lifestyle
Endomorph We all know people who eat little food and still get fat
o These poor souls (including myself) fall into this category
lsquoEven water works like ghee OR even Air can make them Fatrsquo
They usually have
o Poor insulin sensitivity or in other words they canrsquot handle carbs well
However this can be worked upon and improved
Mesomorph These are people who eat and still donrsquot look fat
o In fact they end up looking bigger and muscular
They look tall wide like your Sardar or Kashmiri friend
They have good Insulin Sensitivity and brilliant Nutrition Partitioning System
o ie they are well built and genetically elite
Gosh why do these people exist
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Ectomorph We all must be knowing at least 1 such person who eat like a glutton but will always look
lean (or should I say malnourished)
o We all envy such people because they happily eat whatever they want and still
remain thin
The secret is their high metabolism
But they have a much bigger challenge
o Because they have to eat a lot (literally a lot) to grow big
They are at an equal risk to develop to lifestyle issues
o There is a condition called skinny fat
You become insulin resistant
You accumulate fat near your tummy region
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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POPULAR DIETS DIETING STRATEGIES amp
TECHNIQUES
Which Is The Best Diet My answer is lsquoLife is far from perfectionrsquo
The best diet is something
o you can stick to
o follow it
o adopt it as a lifestyle in long term
Even if you get the best diet
o whatrsquos the use of it if you canrsquot implement and stick to it
o Also as mentioned earlier all diets essentially work on the same principle ie
Calorie Balance
Always Remember
Be it DIET or TRAINING
Consistency gt Perfection | Adherence gt Motivation
Keto I know itrsquos the buzz word in the dieting community
Many people against and in favour of it
I feel if you can follow it and maintain it as a lifestyle it is good otherwise switch to
something else which you can adhere to
Also when proteins and calories are equated the amount of FAT loss is the same
o The reason why keto has become a rage is because it is poorly understood
Not saying it is a bad diet
In fact it is a great diet but NOT the only diet
o The initial drop of up to 4-5 kgs is primarily driven by drop in glycogen and
associated water with it which technically is not Fat loss
Our muscles carry 400-500 gms of glycogen and every gram of glycogen
can hold up to 3-4 grams of water
So when you start keto diet you basically deplete your glycogen levels
which in results also reduce the water it holds
So now you can do the mathematics if you deplete 500 grams of glycogen
you will remove about 1500 to 2000 gms of water
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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So in total will reduce 2 kgs weight immediately within 2-3 days of keto
diet
Anyways letrsquos get started
As I mentioned body has different ways to generate ATP
Preferred source of fuel is Glucose
o So till the time Glucose is there in the bloodstream it will continue to use it But
body can work on Fatty Acids as well or should I say ketones
Body (Brain and Liver) needs some minimal carbs
We can get this from triglyceride (1 glycerol molecule + 3 Fatty Acids)
o So ketosis is a state where the body starts using fatty acids for its energy
requirements
This happens when we reduce our carb intake to below 50 grams
the lower the carb intake the faster is the switch of fuel
ideally lt30 grams)
It can take 3 to 7 days for this switch to happen
To find out if the switch has happened
You can use Ketostix (available at medical stores) OR
Simply get a urine test done (to see if the body is producing more
ketones than normal) OR
Alternatively you can may experience the urine breath sweat
odour changing to an odd fruity smell
Just remember to lose weight you HAVE to be in a deficit Just because you are
going to follow a keto diet doesnrsquot mean you can overeat your calories
Below link provides a good detail reading on keto diet
o httpswwwruledmeguide-keto-diet
It is ideally suited to someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to
reduce fat
You can even do it when bulking up ie gaining weight
Keto Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2500 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity levels)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs - Fiber)
20 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide)
20 x 4 = 80 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 80 = 1260 kcal
Low Carb This is similar approach to keto but not as extreme as keto
Ideally for someone with poor insulin sensitivity fat or obese and want to reduce fat
Low Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
70 to 150 grams (Again not cast in stone Just a guide range)
120 x 4 = 480 kcal
Fat Remaining calories from Fats (Minimum 40 grams)
2000 ndash 660 ndash 480 = 860 kcal
High Carb In this approach you can fix your Fats 40-50 grams for men (60-70 grams for women) and
remaining calories from carbs
Ideally suited to someone with high insulin sensitivity already lean and want to bulk up
High Carb Diet Calculations
I am Male 75 kgs my TDEE is 2000 kcal and my deficit is 500 kcal So my intake is 2000 kcal my
activity levels are high
Macro Grams Sample Calculations
Protein 15 to 22 grams (depending on physical activity)
22 x 75 x 4 = 660 kcal
Fat Minimum 40 grams 40 x 9 = 360 kcal
Net Carb (Carbs ndash Fiber)
Remaining calories from Carbs 2000 ndash 660 ndash 360 = 980 kcal
GM It was designed by General Motors (yes the car manufacturing company) for its employees to
lose weight rapidly
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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It basically restricts your food intake to mostly vegetables and fruits which essentially
puts to approx 700-900 kcal
o It hardly has any proteins and fats which means your hormones and muscles are
going for a toss
Also the rapid weight loss that you see is mostly of glycogen and water weight like
explained in keto diet section
o All this weight will come back the moment you switch to regular diets
If you somehow continue it for long you are likely to gain weight because your
metabolism will adapt at lower calories
Dieting Strategies
Forward Dieting
It involves gradual reduction of calories
Done to reduce weight fat
How to Do it
So for example you start at 2000 kcal
You donrsquot see weight dropping for 2-3 weeks continuously
o Assuming you are exercising properly calculating calories properly ie weighing
food properly not cheating
You further reduce the calories and now you will see the weight dropping again
Continue this cycle until you reach your target weight or the lower threshold limit
Reverse Dieting
It is done to restore or improve metabolic adaption done during dieting
How to do it
So for example you have dieted down to 1200-1300 calories or even lower (usually for
competitions or photoshoot) and now you want to restore your metabolism
You start increasing your calories every week or every 15 days
o Without even waiting for maintaining at new increased calories
You follow the above approach untilhellip
o You reach a point where you are happy with your physique (say 14-15 Body
Fat for men and 22-25 for women)
o And eating enough calories to keep you satiated or eating your pre-dieting
calories
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Dieting Techniques
Intermittent Fasting
Again it doesnrsquot do anything magical (as propagated) but quite useful to achieve your goal Also
it is not ideal if the goal is to build muscles
Actually knowingly or unknowingly you practise it many a times Indian Traditional Fasts (Vrat
in Hindus and Roza in Muslims)
It basically means eating (obviously as per your decided calories) in a specific window ie
time frame Also fasting here means absolutely zero calorie
It helps build discipline who binge a lot or who like to have fewer but large meals It is
also good for people who are on their feet (in field) for most of the day
How to do it
You can follow in many ways popular and practical ones are mentioned below
1 168 ie 16 hours fasting 8 hours feeding
a You can start with 1410 and slowly graduate to difficult ones like 186 204
2 AM Fasting ie fasting till 12 pm and then eating
3 52 fasting ie 5 days of eating and 2 days of fasting
a As a precaution donrsquot keep both the fasting days as consecutive days
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Metabolic Adaptations amp Plateaus
Our bodies are smart and designed for survival
What I mean is if you eat lsquoxrsquo calories body will try adapt to those calories
How it is does this is by becoming efficient and shutting down some functions or vice
versa
For example when u eat less calories
o It spends less energy for the same task
This way even when you are exercising you will burn relatively less
calories for the same exercise session
o It reduces the over energy expenditure by reducing NEAT
You may feel lazy and move less
You may not even blink your eyes that frequently
You may stop fidgeting
o Your sex drives goes down
o Your muscle building processes shuts down or slows down
o Your organs size reduce (yes you read it right) which mean less energy
requirements
o So basically all high energy expenditure activities or functions come to a halt or
slow down (remember bodyrsquos goal is survival)
Always Work Towards Increasing The Metabolism In The Long Term
Cheat Meal Refeed and Diet Break It is a good idea to take some time off dieting (not training) This doesnrsquot mean you go crazy It
only means give yourself a break from the strict dieting
Cheat Meal
Remember it is one meal and not Cheat Day or Cheat Week
The purpose of this is to bring you to sanity and improve your relation with food
Also this doesnrsquot mean you will have 5000 kcal in that meal
o 500-1000 kcal above your regular intake is good
o Remember these are not free kcal and will still impact your progress
It is just that you can forget the macros and eat your choice of meal
o A good idea would be to save calories during the day and have the cheat meal at
the end of the day
Use It Only When (If) You Need It
Refeeds Diet Breaks
Goal is to just a little boost to the slowing metabolism and also improve your food relation
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Eat at maintenance calories (or slightly above hellip say 200-300 kcal) and keeping protein
optimum
o Fat and Carbs need not be tracked
o You can be more liberal in food choices and can include your favourite foods (but
again in moderation)
Length of refeeds (usually a week or 2) or diet breaks (usually a month or 2) and
frequency of such breaks will depend on a lot of factors like how long you have been
dieting how close you are to your goal your food relation etc
If you are just a beginner and obese you neednrsquot even think about this for first 3 to 6
months
If you are someone who has dieted for long and are closer to goal you may have to do it
every 4-6 weeks
Plateau It is the state when you not experiencing any progress towards your goal
From weight loss perspective it is actually not a bad thing
o Arenrsquot we all wanting that बस इतिा कम हो जाए और निर वही ी रक जाए
o Honestly it is a good thing and we are all striving for it
It may slow your progress but it is a good indicator that your body is working as
expected
It is a good idea to discuss here various ways to measure progress
Progress How To Measure
Just no movement on weighing scale doesnrsquot really mean that there is no progress
Do you think people will put on a weighing scale and then say you have reduced weight
obviously No
They will look at you and tell you that you look slim fit good
Look at the below signs and only then decide if there is no progress and think of some change
Clothes getting loose
New Progress pics look better
Maintaining weight at higher calories
Inches Lost
High Energy Levels
If your answer to lsquoanyrsquo or lsquoallrsquo in the above list is yes you are still making progress and donrsquot
need to change anything Yes it may have slowed down but slow progress is still progress
If your answer is no to all of the above then implement the points in the below section
Donrsquot Change Things Because You Want To
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Change Only When Itrsquos Needed
How To Break Plateaus
A plateau is a situation where there has been no progress for at least 2-3 weeks Anything short
of that period donrsquot consider it as a plateau and continue what you are doing
First thing ensure that you are eating as per the diet plan
o No cheats Binge eating Additional Sauces and Dips etc
Also ensure you are measuring everything
o No approximations or eye balling
o Everything which goes into your mouth is as per the diet chart amp coming from the
weighing scale
Do this and observe for 10-15 days
If still things donrsquot change then you have 2 options
o Increase energy expenditure
By increasing workout
By adding more activities like cardio
o Reducing energy intake
By reducing calories
If you have already reached the lower end of the calories and canrsquot increase you energy
expenditure for whatever reason
o It is a good point to try refeeding or probably take a diet break
o You can start reverse dieting and restore the metabolism to previous levels or to
even higher levels (Read Reverse Dieting)
Changing Macros or trying Intermittent Fasting doesnrsquot make a difference
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS
Water
I guess most of us know what we are 70-75 water ह ा ह ा सकल म पढ़ थ
Even our muscles are 75 water (see now I got you interested)
Always keep you water intake above 4 litres no upper limit
o The more the better
o Even 7-8 litres is absolutely fine just that you will have to find a pee spot
wherever you go
o It will also help you feel full during dieting
Also since most of you are familiar with the word detox
o Many of you must have tried detox diets and many products claiming to detoxify
your body
Let me tell you that this is the only thing you need to detoxify (whatever that stupid word
means) your body
o Your body has Kidney Liver (as a backup if kidneys are not working optimally) to
do the detoxification work ie removing pollutants from the blood
And no extra water wonrsquot overload your kidneys
o In fact the kidneys need to be wetter than your blood so that it can filter blood of
various waste products
So Have As Much As Water You Want
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Sleep This is the 5th macro nutrient (literally) your body needs Sleep is highly underrated and people
take it lightly
You break muscles in Gym You provide nutrition via food but you make repair body
during sleep
Even a few hours of less sleep can affect your goals significantly
o Many studies indicate that the most sought after hormone lsquotestosteronersquo (in
fitness community) gets converted to estrogen (as much as 60)
o Now you see why you have not been building muscles because of you late night
parties amp hangouts TV shows Netflix and you were blaming your nutrition for it
Ensure A Sound Sleep Of At Least 7-8 Hours
Hormones Letrsquos understand few things about hormones and how they impact the food choices (ie macros
vizhellip Carbs Proteins and Fats)
So everyone knows that our brain works as the control center of every action we do hellip but have
you ever thought how does it get to know about things happening at distant locations in the body
hellip say for example hunger satiety sleep stress emotions and even complex systems like
reproduction lactation
Imagine a kingrsquos era where he needs to be updated about things happening in his kingdom There
used to be khabris or mukhbirs or simply informers in todayrsquos modern police system for the same
purpose which would pass messages to the ministers and then the ministers would update the
king about the same Similarly you have hormones which trigger various signals to the brain and
update about things happening in the body
Hormones are basically chemical messengers produced by glands which travel through the blood from
the organs and tissues to the brain (and vice versa) to produce various desired needed actions
There are many hormones but from physiology and weight perspective I will discuss only few of
them that too in brief
Ghrelin
Also called the Hunger Hormone It triggers a message to the brain that body needs energy and
demands for food
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Leptin
It is the Satiety Hormone It sends a signal to the brain that the energy stores are full and you can
stop consuming more food
Insulin
You must be more commonly aware of this word as diabetes is a household name these days
Insulin is a hormone used to control sugar in your blood but have you even thought of how it
helps control sugar in blood stream
In simple words it helps in transportation of nutrients in the body
o When you ingest food pancreas (gland situation in the abdomen) release Insulin
which then triggers the transportation of Nutrients (Carbs Proteins Fats etc) to
relevant places (wherever they are needed or can be processed)
o Because it helps build tissues in the body it is considered as the anabolic
hormone
Glucagon
It is a hormone which does exactly the opposite of what insulin does It is also released by
pancreas
Have you ever thought if the body falls short of energy (ie glucose) in blood stream (and
it happens often especially when there is prolonged fasting intentionally or
unintentionally) where does it get the energy from
o It break various components and bring them back to the blood stream so that
they can be used to fulfil the energy deficit
o Because it breaks tissues in the body it is also knows as catabolic hormone
Cortisol
Similar to Glucagon it is also a catabolic hormone and quite dreaded in the fitness community
Prolonged high levels of cortisol can lead to breaking of muscles (which obviously none
of us want)
It is released under stress (less sleep tension during workouts prolonged fasting etc)
Usually it is at its peak in the morning
o Primarily because the body was been fasting during entire night hellip now you see
the origin of the word lsquobreakfastrsquo)
I know things are getting little technical but believe me the body is the most complex smart
system we as humans will ever see (Forget AI SCI FI etc) The more complex it is the more
fascinating it becomes to understand Anyways only 3 more hormones to be discussed
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
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WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Just be with me I am making it as simple and relevant as possible सीधी ब त hellip No बकव स
Thyroid (T3 T4 TSH)
Again quite common these days and is increasingly contributing to obesity (huhhellip as if we
already had lesser problems to deal with) It controls the metabolism or I should say energy
expenditure
Hypothyroid is a condition which slow down the metabolism ie energy expenditure
The cause for the same is not yet identified but many scientists have attributed it to the
lifestyle changes
o Looking at a correlation of lifestyle changes and obesity it is still not conclusive
o But exercise and reducing fat percentage have helped in bringing down the
medications
Basically it means the body becomes efficient at performing daily functions and
activities and expend less energy to do the same thing
o The end effect is you end up storing more energy ie fat
o Thatrsquos why you see women (slowly this trend is becoming common in men too)
becoming fat and testing positive for hypothyroid
I Have Seen Amazing Improvements In Clients Who Did Resistance Training
Go amp Lift Weights
Testosterone
It is the male sex hormone (equivalent of female estrogen) secreted by the testes It is also one
of the most important anabolic hormone (in males) for building muscles and various tissues in
the body
Lower levels of testosterone leads to lower muscle building
o Thatrsquos one of the reasons why it is difficult to gain muscle at older age
The levels keep rising during night and usually peaks at early morning
o Now you see how important sleep is
o Also thatrsquos why men feel erected when they wake up
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 46 | 60
So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 47 | 60
WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 48 | 60
Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Muscle are not built in the gym they are built during you recover ie during sleep
Growth Hormone
Again one of the most powerful anabolic hormone for building various tissues in the body
Primary driver of growth in women
o As women donrsquot secrete high levels of testosterone
Obviously they canrsquot as they donrsquot have testes
Hope now you are realising the complexity that which are body works And mind you this is not
even 001
Let rsquos Understand More About Nutrients (Will not be covering them in full detail as it is not relevant from weight perspective)
Carbs
Raw material which gets converted to bodyrsquos primary source of fuel ie glucose yes hellip you read
it right hellip glucose aka sugar (Prepare yourself to be shocked when you get to know with the
amount of glucose you consume thinking that we donrsquot too much sugar just because we donrsquot eat
sweets desserts or table sugar)
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 46 | 60
So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 47 | 60
WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 48 | 60
Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 49 | 60
Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
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Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
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V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
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Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
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HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
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PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
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RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
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Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
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For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
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Simple Carbohydrates
They get digested easily as they are highly processed
They donrsquot keep feel you full for long
Common examples are table sugar breads burgers biscuits milk fruits cakes pizza
juices drinks etc
Thatrsquos why it is a good idea to avoid such foods when you are trying to lose weight at
lower calories
o Not from an insulin spike perspective but from the satiety perspective
Complex Carbohydrates
They are compounds of many simple carbs joint together
They take some time to be digested and keep you satiated for long
o So include them when you are on low calories
They come in starches fiber
o Now you see you donrsquot need to strain the starch when cooking rice
Common examples are rice (even white rice) potato lentils seeds wheat oats etc
Proteins
Raw material which gets converted to amino acids which is then used by the body for building
and repairing tissues including muscles
Body can still use this as fuel in situations of acute crisis ie prolonged fasting or
starvation
o Thatrsquos why you will see people losing all their muscles before starving to death hellip
look at cancer patients
A complete protein has 20 amino acids (11 Non-essential + 9 Essential) all having a different
purpose in the body
Non-Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which can be synthesized by the body internally (thatrsquos why lsquonon-
essentialrsquo to diets) without eating them from outside
They are Arginine Alanine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine Glutamate Glutamine Glycine
Proline Serine and Tyrosine
Essential Amino Acids
These are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize internally and needs to be taken from
outside (thatrsquos why lsquoessentialrsquo to include in diets) usually in the form of foods (and sometime
supplements)
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They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
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Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 47 | 60
WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 48 | 60
Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 49 | 60
Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 52 | 60
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 44 | 60
They are Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine
Tryptophan and Valine
All amino acids have specific roles in the body and work amp interact differently in different
situations with different compounds
Complete Protein Sources include
Veg Soy Soy Products Milk Milk Products Quinoa etc
Non Veg Eggs Fish Chicken Beef Lamb etc
Fats
Raw material which gets converted to Fatty Acids and used a fuel or gets stored as reserve fuel
It is the primary source of fuel during aerobic activities
Hold your horses and donrsquot jump to the conclusion that we should do a lot of aerobic activities
or cardio to burn fat We will come to this discussion in a while
Long Chain Triglycerides
Triglycerides having 14+ carbon atoms which make it slightly more time consuming (only
relatively) for the body to process and use as fuel (or as stored energy)
Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT)
Triglycerides having 6-12 carbon atoms qualify as MCT
The biggest benefit (from bodybuilding perspective) is they get digested easily and are
immediately readily available to the body as a fuel
Most common example in our diets would be coconut oil which is found to have about
30-50 MCT
o MCT is also available as a supplement
Fiber
It is important for gut health and do not get digested by the body It eventually gets excreted in
the form of stools
Available in non-processed or less processed carbs rich foods
o Green Vegetables and Green Leafy Vegetables are a good source of Dietary
Fibers
o Wheat Oats Nuts etc are also a good source of fibers
o Also available in supplement form (Psyllium Husk or Isabgol)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 45 | 60
Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 46 | 60
So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 47 | 60
WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
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Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 52 | 60
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 45 | 60
Alcohol
It provides 7 kcal per gram and popularly labelled as Empty calories (no benefit of micro
nutrients and fiber) It does more harm than good (who doesnrsquot know the side effects of
consuming hard drinks)
Also depending on the situation body is capable of converting everything to almost everything
ie Glucose to Fatty Acids Amino Acids to Glucose or Fatty Acids Fatty Acids to Glucose Fatty
acids to ketones (Read Keto Diet section)
Letrsquos Understand The Staple India Food
Region Dishes
North India Roti Dal Rajma-Chawal Kadhi Chawal Paratha Chole Bhature Chole Chawal Samosa Kachori Bread Pakoda Sabudana Vada Dal-Bhati Churma Vegetables
South India Uttpam Dosa And Idli (Mix Or Rice And Dal) Chawal Sambhar (Dal) Biryani (Again Rice) Aalo Bonda Medu Vada Rava Idli Upma Poori Vegetables
West India Dhokla Rice Chapatti Poha Pav Bhaji Farsan Ghatiya Vada Pav Thepla Vegetables
East India Rice Momos Pork Fish
I know I have not included non veg foods and dairy (which mostly will have fats or proteins) but
most of us donrsquot eat non veg everyday (and even if we do it is not in every meal)
If you analyse the above mentioned staple dishes you will understand that our foods are
essentially imbalanced They are highly skewed towards carbs (over 85) and has very minimal
amount of good quality protein (especially vegetarians)
Insulin Sensitivity A Little More In Detail It basically tells you how your body reacts to carb (even protein spikes insulin to a similar level
and for a similar duration)
If you are insulin sensitive you will store glycogen in your muscle tissues otherwise you are likely
to store them as fat
It is very good to be insulin sensitive or be carb tolerant as most of the medical conditions like
Diabetes and PCODPCOS are a result of body becoming insulin resistant
How Do We Increase Insulin Sensitivity
It can be improved by both diet and exercise
With one single approach you can only do it to an extent
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 46 | 60
So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 47 | 60
WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 48 | 60
Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 49 | 60
Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 52 | 60
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 46 | 60
So ideally you should use both the tools in the arsenal ie Low Carbs Diet + Resistance
Training
Once it improves and you become carb tolerant you can introduce more carbs in your diets
How Do You Now If You Are Carb Tolerant
Some indicators of carb tolerance are
You donrsquot have any of the medical conditions like Diabetes Prediabetes or
PCODPCOS
You donrsquot have central obesity ie tummy tucking out
You donrsquot feel sleepy after eating carbs in fact you feel high on energy
Nutrit ion Partit ioning Whenever you eat a meal where do the nutrients go
o Do they go to the muscles and liver and get sored as glycogen OR
o Do they go to fat cells and get stored as triglycerides (storage form of fats)
Every tissue in the body can have a different Nutrition Partitioning System
Lower Body Fat levels help improve Nutrition Partitioning
o Males lt15
o Females lt25
Micro Nutrients Everyone these days is focused on fruits I have nothing against fruits but they are overhyped
They are good but only to the extent they contribute In fact I have seen diets which are
completely based on just fruits
Let me tell you
You can complete you micro nutrients from including wide variety of vegetables in your
diets
Additionally to insulate any shortage (especially during dieting) it is a good idea to
include a multi vitamin in your diet
o Any overdose (doesnrsquot really happen) will be excreted through urine (remember
seeing a yellow coloured urine after taking a B-Complex)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 47 | 60
WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 48 | 60
Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 49 | 60
Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 52 | 60
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 47 | 60
WORKOUT
Weight loss is driven by energy deficit It can be done by hellip
Just reducing energy intake ie calories OR
Just increasing energy expenditure OR
Both of the above can be used as a combination
If the goal is only weight loss you can do any activity (even morning walk is fine) which increases
your energy expenditure and create an energy deficit But you need to ask is that optimal
If the goal is better health toned (chiselled) physique for women (men) better metabolism
better nutrition partitioning better functional ability eating more food and not getting fat
insulating yourself from yo-yo dieting becoming strong better mind coordination injury free
during old age then resistance training should be the first (and the only) choice
Also resistance training will help you burn more fat even at rest
o More Muscles Higher BMR More Energy Requirement even during resting
Not we me on this read the Meta-Analysis below which will help you decide
Best Approach To Lost Fat
httpswwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed25973403
Women amp Weight Lifting There is a misconception that you will become muscular and look like a bodybuilder or men
It is just next to impossible
o You donrsquot have the genes and hormones to build as much muscles as men
o Men have relatively much more muscle than women at any age and weight
o Also to give you some idea muscle building is a very very slow process
If we are hellip
really good with your nutrition and exercises
a beginner
and just entered adulthood
we may probably put up to 10 kgs of muscle mass in first year
And this number will keep becoming half of previous year in
subsequent years even after increasing the effort in the gym
You will only get the above benefits and not look like men
In fact you will be much better at performing your daily activities
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 48 | 60
Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 49 | 60
Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 52 | 60
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 48 | 60
Cardiac Health We have been harping too much on cardio to increase heart health because we are scared of
heart attacks
Just understand whatever activity raises the heart rate helps make the heart muscles
stronger
When you do resistance training the heart rate definitely increases (even up to 85 of
Max Heart Rate) thus giving you the benefits of a strong heart along with the above
mentioned benefits
How Do We Start Resistance Training There are different ways to do resistance training and it should be started gradually
Gym is a good place to start resistance training as it has machines to support various
movements
o Imagine a 120 kg person doing a squats (and stressing your knees) versus doing
similar movement on a leg press machine
o I know that most of the trainers in the gyms are less educated on the subject but
it is our duty to educate ourselves (and probably them) on the exercises forms
techniques for our long term benefits
o I have created various workouts (along with reference videos) and uploaded in
the group You can use them to start with and build on the same
o I have also recommended some readings at the end of this book Do have a look
at them and educate yourselves
If you are not able to go to gym for any reason be it cost time etc then
o Do home workouts
Using a resistance band
Using body weight
If nothing is possible
o Then at Run (not jog) Cycle Swim at different intensities
Energy Systems Body has various ways to produce energy to sustain activities of different intensities and
duration Also none of the activities are use any single energy system exclusively
Aerobic
Heavily dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 49 | 60
Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 52 | 60
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 49 | 60
Uses Fat as energy fuel
Trains Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have relatively less potential (not zero) for growth
Anaerobic
Non-dependent on Oxygen to generate energy
Uses Carbs are energy fuel
Trains Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
o They have much higher potential to grow
Variables High Intensity Low Intensity
Short Duration More Anaerobic More Aerobic
Long Duration Doesnrsquot Happen More Aerobic
It is wrong to say that when you are doing Resistance Training you are training exclusively
anaerobically and when you are doing Cardio you are using only Aerobic System
Yes the proportions of energy systems contributing to those specific type of activities differ
but you never use only one system exclusively
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 52 | 60
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 50 | 60
SUPPLEMENTS
Let me kill this myth for once and all
YOU DONrsquoT NEED SUPPLEMENTS TO BECOME FIT
As The Word Itself Suggests They Are Only To Complete Your Unmet
Nutritional Needs Form Regular Diet
ANYONE TELLING YOU OTHERWISE HAS SOME VESTED INTERESTS
Also never buy proprietary blends We donrsquot know whatrsquos mixed Always buy after reading the
ingredients and nutrition label Avoid products where it is mentioned proprietary blends
This doesnrsquot mean that you donrsquot need supplements They exit and there is a well-defined need
but they are highly overhyped thanks to the entire fitness industry
I will not be discussing every product (as the list is never ending) but will discuss the most
common ones
For other supplements you can do your own research Refer to the last section of the book for
good resources to read about supplements
Always buy from genuine sources Sad part is this industry is plagued with fake products
Possible Situations Where You May Need To Supplement You are intolerant to certain food and you need a macronutrient say protein from that
food what do you do
Your body cannot synthesize certain nutrient internally and the lifestyle doesnrsquot allow
you to take it from natural sources like Vitamin D from sunlight
You need a certain nutrient in large quantities but it is available very sparsely in foods
You are a sports person or an athlete and you need to perform at your peak on a given
day
Also some supplements taste good so it is better to replace your regular high calorie
sugary drinks with them
Whey Firstly Whey is not steroid (unless you get a non-genuine product)
Also it is absolutely safe for healthy people (not having pre-existing kidney disease)
Even baby formula has it
o Again donrsquot take my word for it
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 52 | 60
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 51 | 60
o Do your own research for the lazy ones I have put the image below
It is just a natural by-product of cheese extraction process (it is a part of water that we
discard after making paneer from milk)
o Now donrsquot start drinking that water because the quantity of whey in the liquid is
way less than the qty of carbs in it
So to take in large proportions we have to take this powder which unaware people think
of it as steroids drugs or even horse shit etc
Also some people may be intolerant to it but it is not because it a steroid but it may be
because you are lactose intolerant
o I would advise you switch to whey isolate (which has very minimal carbs) and you
should be good to go
o Technically if milk suits you then whey will also suit you
Types of Whey
Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC)
WPC made from leftover milk liquid (through filtration) after cheese making process
It contains fats and carbs (primarily lactose) in varying proportions
Protein content in WPC ranges from 30 to 80
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 52 | 60
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 52 | 60
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI)
WPI is made from WPC (by further processing) which results in more protein per unit (around
90) than WPC
This additional processes result in some differences like degrading of the protein
peptides which lose its biological activity
However it is still fine from muscle building perspectives as many advanced processes
help these biological peptides remain intact
Whey Protein Hydrolysed (WPH)
WPH is made by breaking the Proteins into smaller fragments for immediate absorption
Contains 90 or more protein per unit
Little bitter in taste (because of the pre-digested peptides)
Need to be consumed immediately
How to Select Whey
Any whey protein concentrate (WPC) with 80 or more protein per serving is good enough No
need to go for high fancy brands Just buy genuine
No need for Whey for Women Keto Whey etc These are just marketing gimmicks
Optimal Dosage
This depends on your bodyrsquos protein requirements as discussed in the sections above If you are
not able to complete your protein macros from diet then you can complete the shortfall from
whey or casein
Timing
Depends on goal Firstly complete the entire requirement in the day
If you can time it well then hellip
o Have anything between the ranges of 30-40 grams of good quality protein after
workout
o Balance you can divide in 3-4 meals (keep around 30-40 gms in each meals) at
every 3-4 hour intervals for optimal results
Again this is only a guideline donrsquot be too rigid on this
How to take it
With water Milk Mix in Foods (unflavoured whey)
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 53 | 60
Casein It is a slow digesting protein
Again it is completely natural and is available in dairy products like milk curds paneer
and cheese
Similar to whey it is also a by-product of cheese extracting process
Also mind you when it comes to optimum results it is just as good (neither superior nor
inferior) as whey
BCAA Branch Chain Amino Acids are a group of 3 Essential Amino Acids (Leucine Isoleucine and
Valine)
They have been promoted to reduce protein breakdown during workouts but there has
been enough evidence which prove otherwise
Although they can be good for refreshment and taste (but costly) drink during workouts
(I U hellip Rasna)
Omega3 Fatty Acids Needed to balance the Omega 3 to Omega 6 ratio which is highly skewed (towards Omega 6) in
todayrsquos diets It also helps reduce inflammation in the body
Source Veg Non Veg
Dietary Walnuts Flax Seeds Deep Sea Oily Fishes (Tuna Salmon Mackerel Herring Trout Halibut and Cod)
Supplement Flax Seed Capsules Fish Oil Capsules
Optimal Dosage
1-3 gms of EPA and DHA combined per day
Timing
After breakfast or after any meal having good amount of fats
Creatine One of the most researched supplement and found to be effective (if you are a responder) It is
also naturally made in the body but only to a certain level
It helps your workouts by creating the energy buffer which can push you with your last
1-2 reps
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 54 | 60
So if you have long workout sessions ie high volume workouts it may be a good idea to
include it in your nutrition plan
o Not really needed for beginners as they make good gains as it is
Mind you it also has some known side effects (doesnrsquot happen to every one) like hair loss
bloating
o So if you someone who has other priorities like more hair than physique then
probably you can stay away from it
o For bloating just increase your water intake by 1-2 litres and you should be fine
Optimal Dosage
3 mg to 5 mg
Creatine Loading
No harm but no extra benefit apart from speeding up the benefits In long term results
are same
20 grams for first five days then normal dosage
o Also divide this 20 grams in 4-5 meals
Timing
Anytime or After Workout If you miss one dose add that much extra on the next dose day
Caffeine
One of the most researched and effective supplement
Works as a stimulant and effective as a pre workout In fact is a big part of all pre-workouts
supplements
FYI coffee contains caffeine but only to some extent
Optimal Dosage amp Timing
120 to 200 mg 30-40 mins before workout if good enough
Cycling
Since the body get used to caffeine it is a good idea to stop it for couple of weeks after 30-40
days and then start again
Side effects
No major side effects have been found even at very high dosages Just ensure to keep a gap of at
least 3-4 hours before you sleep
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 55 | 60
Pre Workouts
Major component is caffeine Just some coffee shots will do the job of pumping up
You can completely avoid or have them in your supplement stack if your pocket allows
for it
Multi Vitamins
Donrsquot underestimate their needs It is completely impractical (probably impossible) to keep a
track of the micronutrient intakes Thus on a safer side it is better to include a multi vitamin in
your diet lifelong to avoid any deficiency
You can use any non-costly brand available with the medical store and keep shuffling between
to get the benefit of all
Fat Burners
Donrsquot work for most population but are still useful in some conditions
When you are absolutely shredded and struggling with last cm of Body Fat
o Most people can get shredded naturally with a decent calorie deficit
o They might be useful for someone who is already at 8-9 Body Fat and has some
stubborn fat in certain areas of the body
They work more like Pocket Burners when you are fat
Mass Gainers
If you may notice major component of all Mass Gainers is processed carbs (maltodextrin or
some other pseudo name)
It is better to have cakes pasteries sweets cream biscuits etc
o Basically high calorie low satiating processed foods
It will also make you feel good and improve your food relation
o Do this only when your workout is on point and the goal is bulk up
Just eating all these will make you fat if your workout is not on point
Even if you are skinny fat better to first lose that tummy fat and then go
for bulking
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 56 | 60
HOW TO MEASURE PROGRESS
We are not here for accuracy as if we are creating a medicine in a lab
o Who cares if we are 325 inches in size or 33 inches or 30 BF or 32 BF
o The idea is to be better than yesterday
o So even if there is an error in the measurements the same error with the same
magnitude will always exist and thatrsquos fine
It is very important to maintain a consistency ie use same devices same conditions
(preferably in morning after toilet in fasted state) same time of day same method same
helper doing it same body spots same camera same distance same lighting conditions
same background etc
o This ensures the minimum variation Let me explain
Example
o So if today I am weighing 85 kgs on my personal weighing scale which in actual is
87 kgs and then I lose 4 kgs of weight
o My weighing scale will show 81 kgs which in actual may be 83 kgs
o But you see in both the cases the progress is the same ie you have lost 4 kgs
o Thus Consistency gt Perfection
The same principle applies to everything even your kitchen weighing
scale
Some good videos on the same
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=Cs9Zf-qK4BI
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=vxWXJMleqo4
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 57 | 60
PEOPLE TO FOLLOW
Some International Authorit ies
People Websites
Lyle McDonald wwwbodyrecompositioncom
Dr Eric Helms https3dmusclejourneycom
Dr Layne Norton wwwbiolaynecom
Menno Henselmans httpsbayesianbodybuildingcom
James Krieger httpsweightologynet
Brad Schoenfeld wwwlookgreatnakedcom
Dr Spencer Nadolsky wwwdrspencercom
Dr Mike Zourdos
Dr Mike Israetel httpsrenaissanceperiodizationcom
Greg Nuckols httpswwwstrongerbysciencecom
Alan Aragon httpsalanaragoncom
Mark Rippetoe httpsstartingstrengthcom
Jacob Schepis wwwjpshealthandfitnesscomau
Dr Austin Baraki httpswwwbarbellmedicinecom
Alan Thrall httpwwwtrainuntamedcom
Bret Contreras httpswwwbretcontrerasstore
Some Indian Folks I Like
Harry Sandhu Bala Krishna Reddy Jitendra Chouksey
Aniketh Shetty Dr Akshay Alawani Nachiketh Shetty
Mukund Dawra Anthony Tongbram Dr Aniket Jadhav
These are just few names Mind you there are 100s So keep your rancho mode on and keep
learning Follow them on various social media websites and networks
Always use Science Logic amp read Research (not Articles)
Be Critical but at the same time Be Rational
Some good places for science are YouTube Instagram Facebook Khan Academy
Some good places for researches are NCBI Examine Wikipedia Google Scholar
Journals
PS Not all research is right and usable So be vigilant whenever you see anything extreme
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 58 | 60
RESOURCES
Kitchen Weighing Scale No need for a very costly scale I am using the below scale since 1 year and it does a pretty good
job It is easily available on Amazon for 300-350 bucks
Personal Weighing Scale Again no need to buy a costly one but buy a digital Weighing Scale Something like this will do
the job Available on Amazon for 500-600 bucks
Inch Tape Usually available at home Whichever you use use the same every time
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 59 | 60
Camera amp Tripod Everyone has a Smartphone at home You can avoid buying a tripod but if you planning to adopt
it as a life style it is a good investment (costs some 400 bucks on Amazon) and ensures
consistency in progress pictures
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on
Goo Fitt ndash v 1 0 ndash 2018Nov
V i j a y A g g a r w a l | f i t t o o r P a g e 60 | 60
For more interesting stuff join the Facebook community
It is Free and will always remain Free
httpswwwfacebookcomgroupsfittoor
Search fittoor on