Section ABahagian A[60 marks]

[60 markah]

Answer all questions in this section.Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1 (a) Table 1 shows the number of protons, neutrons and electrons present in atom Q and atom X. The letters used are not the actual symbols of the atoms.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan bilangan proton, neutron dan elektron yang hadir di dalam atom Q dan atom X. Huruf yang digunakan bukan simbol sebenar bagi atom-atom itu.

Table 1Jadual 1

(i) State the term for 'the total number of protons and neutrons' in an atom.

Nyatakan istilah bagi ‘jumlah bilangan proton dan neutron’ di dalam atom.

.............................................................................................................. [ 1 mark]

[1 markah]

(ii) Draw the electron arrangement of ion Q.

Lukiskan susunan elektron untuk ion Q.

[1 mark][1 markah]

1

AtomAtom

Number of protons

Bilangan proton

Number of neutrons

Bilangan neutron

Number of electrons

Bilangan elektronQ 11 12 11

X 17 18 17

(iii)

(iv)

Atom Y is an isotope of atom X. State the number of protons in atom Y.

Atom Y ialah isotop bagi atom X. Nyatakan bilangan proton bagi atom Y.

……………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

[1 markah]

Define isotope.

Berikan definisi untuk isotop.

……………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

[1 markah]

(b) (i) Element R is an element which is used as a standard in determining relative atomic mass. Name element R.

Unsur R ialah unsur yang digunakan sebagai piawai untuk menentukan jisim atom relatif. Namakan unsur R.

………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]

[1 markah]

(ii) Element R is burnt in excess oxygen to produce gas RO2. Calculate the mass of 672 cm3 of gas RO2 produced at standard temperature and pressure.[1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 dm3 at standard temperature and pressure; Relative molecular mass for RO2 = 44]

Unsur R dibakar dalam oksigen berlebihan untuk menghasilkan gas RO2. Hitungkan jisim bagi 672 cm3 gas RO2 yang dihasilkan pada suhu dan tekanan piawai. [1 mol gas menempati 22.4 dm3 pada suhu dan tekanan piawai; Jisim molekul relatif RO2 = 44]

2

[2 marks][2 markah]

(iii) How many molecules are there in 672 cm3 of gas RO2?

Berapakah bilangan molekul dalam 672 cm3 gas RO2?

[Avogadro’s number / Nombor Avogadro = 6.02 x 1023]

[1 mark][1 markah]

(c) When silver carbonate, Ag2CO3 is heated, it will decompose to produce silver metal, carbon dioxide gas and oxygen gas as shown in the equation below.

Apabila argentum karbonat, Ag2CO3 dipanaskan, ia akan terurai untuk menghasilkan logam argentum, gas karbon dioksida dan gas oksigen seperti yang ditunjukkan di dalam persamaan di bawah.

2Ag2CO3 (s) 4Ag (s) + 2CO2 (g) + O2 (g)

A student heats13.8 g silver carbonate. Calculate the volume of oxygen gas, O2 collected at room temperature.[Relative atomic mass: O=16, Ag=108; Molar volume = 24 dm3 mol-1 at room conditions]

Seorang pelajar memanaskan 13.8 g argentum karbonat. Hitungkan isi padu gas oksigen, O2 yang dikumpulkan pada suhu bilik. [Jisim atom relatif: O=16, Ag=108; Isipadu molar = 24 dm3 mol-1 pada suhu bilik]

3

[3 marks][3 markah]

2 Table 2 shows the symbols of the elements in Period 3.

Jadual 2 menunjukkan simbol bagi unsur-unsur dalam Kala 3.

Element

UnsurNa Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

Table 2Jadual 2

Based on Table 2,

Berdasarkan Jadual 2,

(a) (i) How does the atomic size of elements change across the period from Na to Ar?

Bagaimanakah saiz atom unsur-unsur berubah apabila merentas kala dari Na ke Ar?

............................................................................................................... [ 1 mark]

[1 markah]

(ii) Explain the answer in (a) (i).

Terangkan jawapan di (a) (i).

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

[3 marks][3 markah]

(b) How does the electronegativity of elements change across the period from Na to Ar?

Bagaimanakah keelektronegatifan unsur-unsur berubah apabila merentas kala dari Na to Ar?

........................................................................................................................

4

[1 mark][1 markah]

(c) (i) State the oxide which can dissolve in water to form an alkaline solution.

Nyatakan oksida yang dapat larut dalam air untuk membentuk satu larutan beralkali.

............................................................................................................... [1 mark]

[1 markah]

(ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction when this oxide is dissolved in water.

Tuliskan satu persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku apabila oksida ini larut dalam air.

............................................................................................................... [2 marks]

[2 markah]

(iii) Name the oxide which is said to be amphoteric.

Namakan oksida yang dikatakan bersifat amfoterik.

............................................................................................................... [1 mark]

[1 markah]

(d) (i) Aluminium and chlorine are elements in Period 3. Aluminium and chlorine combine to form a compound containing chlorine and 20.2% aluminium by mass. [Relative atomic mass Al, 27; Cl, 35.5]

Determine the empirical formula of the compound.

Aluminium dan klorin merupakan unsur-unsur dalam Kala 3. Aluminium dan klorin boleh bergabung untuk membentuk suatu sebatian yang mengandungi klorin dan 20.2% aluminium daripada segi jisim. [Jisim atom relatif Al, 27; Cl, 35.5]

Tentukan formula empirik sebatian itu.

5

[3 marks][3 markah]

(ii) What is the molecular formula of that compound if its relative molecular mass is 267?

Apakah formula molekul sebatian itu sekiranya jisim molekul relatif ialah 267?

[2 marks]

[2 markah]

3 (a) Tartaric acid is used as flavouring in food and beverage. Diagram 2.1 shows the molecular formula of tartaric acid.Asid tartarik digunakan sebagai perisa dalam makanan dan minuman. Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan formula molekul bagi asid tartarik.

Diagram 2.1 / Rajah 2.1(i) What is the meaning of molecular formula?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula molekul?

………..…………………………………………………….………………….....

……..…………………………………………………………………………......[1 mark]

[1 markah](ii) Write the empirical formula of tartaric acid.

Tulis formula empirik bagi asid tartarik.

..………………………………………………………………………………......[1 mark]

[1 markah]

(iii) State the different between molecular formula and empirical formula of tartaric acid.Nyatakan perbezaan antara formula molekul dan formula empirik bagi asid tartarik.

……..……..………………………………………….…….……………………..

6

C4H6O6

……….…………………………………………………….…………………….. [1 mark]

[1 markah]

(b) Diagram 2.2 shows a balance chemical equation.Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan satu persamaan kimia yang seimbang.

2KI(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → 2KNO3(aq) + PbI2(s)

2KI(ak) + Pb(NO3)2(ak) → 2KNO3(ak) + PbI2(p)

Diagram 2.2 / Rajah 2.2

Based on the equation, answer the following questions;Berdasarkan persamaan itu, jawab soalan-soalan berikut;

(i) State the name of reactants and a products.Nyatakan nama bagi bahan tindak balas dan hasil tindak balas.

Reactants: ………………………………………………….……………………..Bahan tindak balas

Products: .……..…………………………………………………………………..Hasil tindak balas

[2 marks][2 markah]

(ii) What is the physical state of PbI2? Apakah keadaan fizik bagi PbI2?

…….……………………………………………………….…………………….. [1 mark]

[1 markah]

(iii) In a reaction 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 Pb(NO3)2 has reacted with KI, calculate the mass of PbI2 formed.[Relative atomic mass : Pb = 207 ; I = 127]Dalam suatu tindak balas 50 cm3 Pb(NO3)2 0.5 mol dm-3 telah bertindak balas dengan KI, hitung jisim PbI2 yang terbentuk.[Jisim atom relatif : Pb = 207 ; I = 127]

7

[3 marks][3 markah]

(a) Figure 4.1 shows a graph of temperature against time of element S when it is heated until it boils.

Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa bagi pemanasan unsur S sehingga ia mendidih.

(i) What is the melting and boiling points of element S? Apakah takat lebur dan didih unsur S?

Melting point/takat lebur : …………………………………………

Boiling point/takat didih : …………………………………………… [2 marks]

(ii) Complete the table below by state the physical state of substance Y at the section mentioned.Lengkapkan Jadual di bawah dengan menyatakan keadaan fizik bahan Y pada bahagian yang dinyatakan

[2 marks]Section

BahagianPhysical stateKeadaan fizik

AB

DE

(iii) Explain why the temperature remains constant from t1 to t2?

8

FIGURE/RAJAH 4.1

t4t3t2t1

63

777

Time /sMasa/s

A

F

D

B

Temperature/oCSuhu/oC

E

C

4

3

1208

Terangkan mengapa suhu tidak berubah daripada t1 ke t2?………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………[ 2 marks]

5 Diagram 4 shows the Periodic Table. A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H do not represent the actual symbol of the elements.Rajah 4 menunjukkan Jadual Berkala. A, B, C, D, E, F, G dan H tidak mewakili simbol sebenar unsur.

A B

C D

E F

G H

Diagram 4

(a) State the type of particles of element B.Nyatakan jenis zarah unsur B.

……………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(b) D and H located in Group 17. What is the common name of this group?D dan H berada dalam kumpulan 17. Apakah nama umum bagi kumpulan ini ?

………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(c) Which element has smaller atomic size, C or D?Unsur manakah mempunyai saiz atom yang lebih kecil, C atau D ?

………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(d)

(e)

Explain why G is more reactive than C.Terangkan mengapa G lebih reaktif berbanding C.

……………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………….[2 marks]

State two special characteristic of element F.

9

Nyatakan dua ciri istimewa unsur F.

………………………………………………………………………………………[2 marks]

(f) Write the electron arrangement of the following; Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi yang berikut;

Atom E:……………………….. Ion D:……………………..[2 marks]

(g) The melting points of H is higher than the melting point of D.Explain why.Takat lebur H lebih tinggi daripada takat lebur D.Terangkan mengapa.

…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………….[2 marks]

6 Diagram 5 shows an experiment to determine the empirical formula of copper(II) oxide.Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan formula empirik kuprum(II)oksida.

Diagram 5

(a) What is meant by empirical formula?Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula empirik?

………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

10

Dry hydrogen gasGas hidrogen kering

Heat Panaskan

Hydrogen flameNyalaan hidrogen

Copper(II) oxideKuprum(II) oksida

Combustion tubeTabung pembakaran

Asbestos paperKertas asbestos

(b) What is the formula of the product in the experiment given in Diagram 5?Apakah formula hasil tindak balas dalam eksperimen diberi dalam Rajah 5?

………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(c) Before the solid is heated, dry hydrogen gas is flowed through the combustion tube for a while. Why?Sebelum pepejal itu dipanaskan, gas hidrogen kering dialirkan melalui tiub pembakaran selama beberapa ketika. Mengapa?

……………………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

(d) State why the empirical formula of magnesium oxide cannot be determined by using the same method as copper (II) oxide.Nyatakan mengapa formula empirik magnesium oksida tidak boleh ditentukan dengan kaedah yang sama seperti kuprum(II) oksida.

…………………………………………………………………………………… [

1 mark]

Table 5 shows the result obtained in the experiment:Jadual 5 menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi dalam eksperimen ini:

Mass of combustion tube + asbestos paperJisim tiub pembakaran + kertas asbestos 32.25 g

Mass of combustion tube + asbestos paper + copper(II) oxide

Jisim tiub pembakaran + kertas asbestos+ kuprum(II)oksida

42.25 g

Mass of combustion tube + asbestos paper + copperJisim tiub pembakaran + kertas asbestos + kuprum 40.25 g

Table 5

e) Based on Table 2,Berdasarkan Jadual 2,(i) Calculate the mass of copper and the mass of oxygen that have reacted. Hitungkan jisim kuprum dan jisim oksigen yang telah bertindak balas

Mass of copper: …………… Mass of oxygen : ………… Jisim kuprum Jisim oksigen

11

[2 marks]

(f) Calculate the mole ratio of copper atom to oxygen atom.Hitungkan nisbah mol bagi atom kuprum kepada atom oksigen.[ Relative atomic mass : O = 16 ; Cu = 64 ]

[2 marks]

(g) Determine the empirical formula of copper(II) oxide.Tentukan formula empirik kuprum(II) oksida.

……………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

(h) How do we determine that the reactants have fully reacted in the given experiment?Bagaimanakah kita menentukan bahawa bahan tindak balas telah bertindak balas sepenuhnya dalam eksperimen di atas?

……………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

12

Section B[20 marks]

Answer any one question from this section. Your answer should be written on test pad and is submitted together with the question paper at the end of the examination.Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini. Jawapan anda hendaklah ditulis dalam kertas kajang dan dihantar bersama kertas soalan di akhir peperiksaan.

7 Table 7 shows substances P, Q, R and S and its melting and boiling points.Jadual 7 menunjukkan bahan-bahan P, Q, R dan S dan takat-takat lebur dan didihnya.

SubstanceBahan

Melting point / oCTakat lebur

Boiling point / oCTakat didih

P -20 10Q 15 70R 50 90S -10 20

Table 7

(a) Identify the physical state of substances P, Q, R and S at room temperature.Kenal pasti keadaan fizik bahan-bahan P, Q, R dan S pada suhu bilik.

[4 marks]

Diagram 7.1 shows a symbol of an element X.Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan simbol bagi unsur X.

Diagram 7.(b) (i) State the position of X in the Periodic Table. Explain your answer.

Nyatakan kedudukan X dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur. Terangkan jawapan anda..[4 marks]

(ii) Atom of element X has an isotope. Draw the atomic structure of the isotope atom. Atom bagi unsur X mempunyai isotop. Lukiskan struktur atom bagi atom isotop tersebut.

[2 marks]

13

(c) Diagram 7.2 shows a heating curve of substance Y.Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan keluk pemanasan bagi bahan Y.

Diagram 7.2Explain the heating curve in Diagram 7.2 in terms of state of matter, arrangement and the movement of particles.Terangkan keluk pemanasan dalam Rajah 7.2 dari segi keadaan jirim, susunan dan pergerakan zarah-zarah.

[10 marks]

14

Time / sMasa

Temperature / OCSuhu

A

B C

D

t0 t1 t2 t3

15

8. (a)

16

(b)

(c)

Section C[20 marks]

Answer any one question from this section. Your answer should be written on test pad and is submitted together with the question paper at the end of the examination.Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini. Jawapan anda hendaklah ditulis dalam kertas kajang dan dihantar bersama kertas soalan di akhir peperiksaan.

9 Diagram 9.1 shows the atomic structure of four elements T, U, V and W. Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan struktur atom bagi empat unsur T,U,V dan W.

Diagram 9.1

(a) Based on Diagram 9.1, Berdasarkan Rajah 9.1,

Copy and complete your answer in Table 9.Salin dan lengkapkan jawapan anda dalam Jadual 9.

.T U V WMetal or Non metal

Logam atau Bukan logam

Electron arrangement Susunan elektron

Table 9 [8 marks]

(b) Element, Z is not chemically reactive. It has an electron arrangement 2.8.8 Unsur Z adalah tidak reaktif secara kimia. Ia mempunyai susunan elektron 2.8.8 Explain this statement. Terangkan pernyataan ini.

[2 marks]

17

U V WT

(b)

Plan a laboratory experiment to verify the above statement.Rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk mengesahkan pernyataan di atas.

In your answers, include the:Appratus and MaterialsProceduresPrecautionsDalam jawapan anda, sertakan:Radas dan BahanProsedurLangkah berjaga-jaga

[10 marks]

10

a)

Ionic compounds are made up of cations and anions.Sebatian ion terdiri daripada kation dan anion.Based on Table 10.1, Berdasakan Jadual 10.1,

Complete the table with the ionic formulas for the given ions.Lengkapkan jadual dengan formula ion bagi nama ion yang diberi.

Nama Ion Formula Ion

Sodium ionIon natriumZinc ionIon zinkChlorideIon kloridaSulphate ionIon sulfat

Table 10.1[1 markah]

18

When going down Group I in the Periodic Table of Element,the reactivity of elements increases.

Apabila menuruni Kumpulan I dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.kereaktifan unsur-unsur bertambah

(b) Write the formula of the ionic compounds:Tuliskan formula bagi sebatian ion ini.

(i) Zinc chloride Zink klorida

(ii) Sodium sulphate Natrium sulfat

[2 markah]

(b) The information below is for compound QMaklumat berikut adalah bagi sebatian Q.

Based on the information of compound Q, determine:Berdasarkan maklumat bagi sebatian Q, tentukan

(i) The empirical formula Formula empiriknya

(ii) The molecular formula Formula molekulnya [ Relative atomic mass: C,12; H,1; O,16]

[5 marks]

(c) Diagram 10.1 shows the set-up of apparatus to determine the empirical formula of two

19

Carbon 40.00% Karbon Hydrogen 6.66% Hidrogen Oxygen 53.33%

Oksigen

Relative molecular mass 180Jisim molekul relatif

different compounds.Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi menentukan formula empirik dua sebatian yang berlainan.

Method IKaedah I

Method IIKaedah II

MetalLogam

Diagram 10.1(d) (i) Why was the crucible lid opened once in a while during heating?

Mengapakah tudung mangkuk pijar dibuka sekali-sekala semasa pemanasan dijalankan?[1 mark]

(ii) Why is the flow of hydrogen gas must be continuous through the combustion tube after heating has stopped? Mengapakah gas hidrogen dialirkan secara berterusan melalui tabung pembakaran selepas pemanasan sudah berhenti?

[1 mark]

(e) Describe a laboratory experiment to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide .Your explanation should include:Huraikan suatu eksperimen di makmal untuk menentukan formula empirik bagi magnesium oksida..Penerangan anda mestilah meliputi :

Procedure of the experimentProsedur bagi eksperimen

Tabulation of dataPenjadualan data

PrecautionLangkah berjaga-jaga

[10 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPERKERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

20

Heat / panaskan

Asbestos paper

Kertas asbestos

Metal oxide / Oksida logam

Heat / panaskan

Dry hydrogen gas Gas Hidrogen kering

21