Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese...

24
Vietnamese Culture & Tradition Camhuong Le Elders Program Vietnamese Social Services

Transcript of Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese...

Page 1: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Vietnamese Culture & Tradition

Camhuong Le

Elders Program

Vietnamese Social Services

Page 2: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Vietnamese Population in Minnesota

• The number of Vietnamese refugees and  immigrants as of 2007 is 23,000

• The proportion of Vietnamese 60 years of age  and older is 13%

Page 3: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Religion• Religion has a deep influence on the 

Vietnamese culture and concept of life

• Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam.  It arrived in Vietnam around the eleventh 

century

• Christianity (17th

century)

• Taoism (600‐500 B.C)

• Confucianism (first century)

• Caodaism (1919)

• Hoa Hao (1939)

Page 4: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Family Values• Affected by Confucian philosophical beliefs• Value elder’s life experiences• Three or four generations live under one roof• Traditional ideal of male superiority• The eldest son is the head of household• The man makes the final decision for all matters• Worship ancestors as a source of life, fortunes, 

and civilization• Honors ancestor on the day of their death by 

performing special ceremonies

Page 5: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Worship of Ancestors• Ancestor worship affects daily life in Vietnam• A belief that the ancestors will protect from 

danger and harm and inspire thought and  conduct. The souls live on in their memory, in 

their interests, in their dream of life.

• Belief that the spirit still exists after life.• To treat the dead as nonexistent and gone is 

disrespectful.

Page 6: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Changing Family Dynamics in  America

• Women are more independent in America

• Children don’t take care of their parents as  they traditionally did

• Many elders prefer to live in an apartment   than with their children

• Elders get help from outside the family more  often than inside the families

Page 7: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Reputation

• The concept of saving face is extremely  important to the Vietnamese

• Reflects dignity and the prestige of a person  or family

• The only thing that can be left behind for  one’s family after death

Page 8: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Name

• Names are written in the following order: family  name, middle name and given name. Ex: Le Thi 

Thanh Hong; Le Thi Thanh Ha

• The family name is placed first to emphasize a  person’s heritage

• The middle name Thi indicates that the person is  female;  the middle name Van indicates that the  person is male.

Page 9: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Concept of Respect• Respect is a part of the concept of filial piety• Respect for parents and ancestors• Respect is the cornerstone of interpersonal 

relationships in society

• Respect is also expressed by verbal and nonverbal  behavior: being quiet, listening, smiling

• A smile may have different meanings: Greeting,  apology, appreciation

• Bow head to show respect to a superior or older  person

Page 10: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Social Relationships

• To avoid conflict in relationships, prefer to  speak about sensitive subjects indirectly

• Greet each other by shaking hands and  bowing slightly; women do not commonly 

shake hands when greeting, however.

• Always use the word ”yes”

when answering  questions ”Yes, I will do it”; “Yes, I don’t do  it”; “Yes, I know”; “Yes, I do not know”

Page 11: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Social Relationships (cont)

• Hugging is only for relatives• Do not touch someone’s head

• Use both hands to pass items to elders

• Do not point a finger at someone

• Do not pass anything over someone’s head

• On an outing, the bill is paid by the person  offering the invitation

• It is fine to ask even a stranger his or her age

Page 12: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Vietnamese Greetings

• Formally, the title and the first name or the title and middle 

and first name; ex: Le thi Thanh Ha, called chi Ha or chi 

Thanh Ha • For more important occasions, use Family name, middle 

name and given name• Use the word ”Thua”

which stands for “Please”

• Addressing a person older or higher ranking than you by 

name is considered disrespectful; even within the family or 

in relative relationships always put the title with the first 

name• Women do not shake hands with each other or with men; 

they bow slightly to each other; join hands while walking• Higher ranking people are greeted first

Page 13: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Food Habits 

• Most Vietnamese are lactose intolerant

• Have three meals a day

• Chopsticks and bowls are used for eating• Bowls are brought to the mouth

Page 14: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Food Habits (cont)• Basic meals: rice, salty fish or meat, vegetable 

(steamed, stir fried, boiled)

• Fry: less fat or oil than Chinese food• Fish sauce: principle ingredient• Fruits: common are bananas, mangos, 

papayas, oranges, coconuts and pineapple

• Drinking tea or coffee with no sugar and no  milk

• Garlic is used often

Page 15: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Food for Elders

• Soft; not chewy, not spicy, not greasy• Rice• Vegetable, fish, herb such as basil, mint, cilantro

• Noodle with pork soup• No cold food• Fish sauce• Simmering food in water preferable to frying

• Black pepper rather than chili

Page 16: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Social Concepts

• While conversing, Vietnamese people don’t look  steadily at a respected person’s eyes

• Women do not smoke in public• Vietnamese never touch another’s head; only elderly 

can touch the head of a young child• Persons of the same sex may hold hands in public, or 

may sleep in the same bed without public derision• In the legal concept of equality, men and women have 

equal rights, but socially, men are still considered  superior to women

Page 17: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Festival and Holiday

• “TET”• Lunar New Year, the most important yearly festival• The first day of the lunar calendar year• Four day national holiday• Dress up in their best clothes• Houses can be decorated• “Banh Chung”

Sticky rice with pork and mung bean

• Greeting “Happy New Year”

Chuc Mung Nam Moi”• Show respect to elders by wishing them good health

Page 18: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Festival and Holiday (cont)

• “TET TRUNG THU”• The fifteenth day of the 8th

month or the mid‐

Autumn festival

• Enjoy a cake called “Banh Trung Thu”, square,  golden brown cake filled with lotus seeds or 

mung bean or black sesame paste, hard boiled  eggs, or durian

Page 19: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Funeral Ceremony• Death is the transition into a new life• The body is washed, dressed and placed into a coffin• Some believe the spirit of the dead person will live in 

another life so the family member places a coin or a  piece of gold into the mouth of the dead body

• The date and time of the funeral procession must be  carefully selected

• Some Vietnamese wish to be buried in their  motherland, so when they die, their bodies are 

cremated and a family member brings the ashes back  to Vietnam

• The funeral ceremony must be a religious ritual

Page 20: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Funeral Ceremony (cont)• Wear mourning turbans; a piece of white cloth 

around the head during the funeral ceremony

• Set up a household alter to honor the dead person• Visit the tomb after three days 

• Stop bringing rice to the household altar after 49  days

• Celebrate the end of tears after 100 days• Ceremony of the end of mourning after 3 years

Page 21: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Customs

• When a child is born, it is considered one year old• When women marry, they don’t change name• The eldest son has a duty to perform ancestor 

worship at home• If a parent dies, the children customarily wait 

three years before marrying• If a spouse dies, one must wait one year before 

remarrying• If a sibling dies, the other siblings must wait one 

year before marrying

Page 22: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Elders in America

• Lack of English• Don’t understand much about how social 

systems work

• Hard to adapt to new culture• Often estranged from their children due to 

conflicting cultural traditions

• Isolation• Depression

Page 23: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

Vietnamese Elders Wants

• Socialize with other Vietnamese seniors

• Celebrate traditional festivals, holidays• Have Vietnamese food for their meals

• Visit religious temples at least once per month

• Prearrange their funeral• Funeral ceremony must be a religious ritual

Page 24: Vietnamese Culture & Tradition...Religion • Religion has a deep influence on the Vietnamese culture and concept of life • Buddhism is the dominant religion in Vietnam. It arrived

CamHuong Thi Le

Manager, Elders Program

Vietnamese Social Services of Minnesota

1159 University Avenue, Suite #100

St. Paul, Minnesota 55104

651‐644‐1317

[email protected]