Vietnam: Economic Setting
-
Upload
jose-radin-garduque -
Category
Education
-
view
37 -
download
0
Transcript of Vietnam: Economic Setting
![Page 1: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
Reported by:
Are A. Silva
(Crim. 2-B, Group 10)
![Page 2: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
• During the centuries of Chineseand Vietnamese imperial rule,Vietnam’s society waspredominantly agrarian. Itsmajor source of wealth was rice.Although some manufacturingand trade existed, they received
![Page 3: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
little official encouragement andoccupied minor segments of thegross domestic product (GDP).Under French colonial rule,agriculture continued to occupythe primary place in the nationaleconomy, although emphasis
![Page 4: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
shifted to the cultivation ofexport crops. In addition to rice,these crops included coffee, tea,rubber, and other tropicalproducts. Small industrial andcommercial sectors developed,notably in the major cities, but
![Page 5: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
their growth was limitedbecause colonial officials weredetermined to avoid competitionwith goods produced in France.
![Page 6: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
After partition in 1954 thegovernments of North and SouthVietnam sought to develop theirnational economies, althoughthey established differenteconomic systems with differentresources and trading partners.
![Page 7: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
The North operated under ahighly centralized, plannedeconomy, whereas the Southmostly maintained a free-marketsystem that had somegovernment involvement. Afterreunification in 1976 the North
![Page 8: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
gradually extended its centrallyplanned economy throughoutthe country. In 1986, however,the government launched areform program to move towarda mixed economy that operatesunder private as well as
![Page 9: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
collective or state control. As aresult, Vietnam entered a periodof rapid development. By 2006GDP had risen to $61 billion,increasing at an annual rate of8.2 percent in the 1990s.
![Page 10: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
In Vietnam, as in other statesruled by Communist parties, thegovernment is expected to play aguiding role in all matters,including the national economy.Classical Marxist economictheory calls for all major
![Page 11: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
industries and utilities to benationalized and for farmland tobe placed under state orcollective ownership.
![Page 12: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
Such was the situation in NorthVietnam during the Vietnam Warand initially in the reunifiedcountry established in 1976.However, Vietnam’s economyperformed disastrously in thefirst decade after the war.
![Page 13: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
Excessive government controls,lack of managerial experience,limited capital resources, and theabsence of a profit incentive allcontributed to the weakeconomy. In 1986 thegovernment launched a reform
![Page 14: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
program called doi moi(economic renovation) to reducegovernment interference in theeconomy and develop a market-based approach to increasenational productivity.
![Page 15: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
The need for economic reformgained urgency in 1990, whenpoor harvests and economicmismanagement left millions ofVietnamese facing malnutrition.However, Vietnamese leadersinitially encountered many
![Page 16: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
difficulties in their effort torenovate the system. Amongthose obstacles was thereluctance of party leaders tofurther privatize the economy aswell as a high level ofbureaucratic interference ineconomic affairs.
![Page 17: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
The pace of economic reformsaccelerated following theCommunist party’s approval in2001 of a ten-year developmentstrategy enhancing the role ofthe private sector. The strategysimultaneously affirmed the
![Page 18: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
primacy of the state in drivingeconomic development, andVietnam’s economy came to becharacterized as “a marketeconomy with socialistorientation.”
![Page 19: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
In the second decade of the doimoi reforms, Vietnam achievedone of the fastest-growingeconomies in the world. Annualgrowth rates exceeding 7 percentranked Vietnam second only toChina. The country’s economic
![Page 20: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
vitality attracted surging levelsof foreign investment andsignificantly decreased thenumber of Vietnamese living inpoverty. However, Vietnamlagged behind in modernizing itsinfrastructure, a crucial step in
![Page 21: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
making Vietnamese businessescompetitive against foreigncompetition.
![Page 22: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
Vietnam sought to increaseforeign trade and investmentthrough membership in theWorld Trade Organization (WTO).Following more than a decade ofnegotiations, Vietnam’s entrywas formally approved in
![Page 23: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
November 2006, paving the wayfor the country to become theorganization’s 150th member inDecember.
![Page 24: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
The official labor organization inNorth Vietnam is the VietnamGeneral Confederation of TradeUnions, founded in Hanoi in1946. After the country wasreunified, the organizationabsorbed the South Vietnam
![Page 25: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
Trade Union Federation. Theconfederation is an umbrellaorganization overseeing theactivity of specialized laborunions in Vietnam, such as theNational Union of BuildingWorkers. By the mid-1990s the
![Page 26: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
confederation contained morethan 50 labor unions with a totalmembership of more than 4million. As in all Communistsystems, the labor movement inVietnam is under strict partysupervision. Labor unrest,
![Page 27: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
Vietnam’s national monetaryunit is the new dông, which isdivided into 100 xu (15,994 newdông equal U.S.$1; 2006average). Until 1990 the onlybanking system within thecountry was The State Bank of
![Page 28: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
Vietnam, with its headquartersin Hanoi. In 1990 thegovernment established fourindependent commercial banks(for foreign trade, investmentand construction, agriculturaldevelopment, and industry and
![Page 29: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
commerce) and allowed foreignbanks to operate. The State Bankcontinues to perform generalsupervisory functions; it alsocontrols the money supply andcredit policies. The Bank ofForeign Trade is authorized tohandle foreign currencies.
![Page 30: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
Source:
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft
Corporation. All rights reserved.
![Page 31: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Economic Setting:
Vietnam
Gam Uhn!!!
![Page 32: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Economic Setting
as we
Understanding
![Page 33: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Economic Community
for
establish an
![Page 34: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Vietnam: Economic Setting](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022110310/55a622041a28abf5278b45d7/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Republic of the Philippines
CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY
Dumarao Satellite College, Dumarao, Capiz
Theme: “Understanding Better the Political, Economic & Socio-Cultural
Settings of Southeast Asian Nations forPeace, Prosperity & People”
May 25, 2015 (8:00-11:30 am)
Campus Library