Vietnam
8
Vietnam • “two rice bowls at the opposite ends of a carrying pole” • Song Coi (red river) delta to the north • Mekong River delta in the south • population in 1960: – 30.5 million people – Hanoi in north: 600,000 people – Saigon in south: 1.6 million people – Hanoi and Saigon are 700 miles apart
description
Vietnam. “two rice bowls at the opposite ends of a carrying pole” Song Coi (red river) delta to the north Mekong River delta in the south population in 1960: 30.5 million people Hanoi in north: 600,000 people Saigon in south: 1.6 million people Hanoi and Saigon are 700 miles apart. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Vietnam
Vietnam• “two rice bowls at the
opposite ends of a carrying pole”
• Song Coi (red river) delta to the north
• Mekong River delta in the south
• population in 1960:– 30.5 million people– Hanoi in north: 600,000
people– Saigon in south: 1.6 million
people– Hanoi and Saigon are 700
miles apart
Vietnam timeline• 2,000 BC – Vietnam
inhabited• first migrants came from
India, Thailand and Cambodia (the Khmers)
• the direct ancestors of the Vietnamese came from China, the “Viets”
• 111 BC Han Dynasty of China conquers the region
• 1418-26 – Vietnamese revolt against China– establish kingdom of Le
Thanh-tong
Viet puppet/statue
French colonize Vietnam• 1600s Viet kingdom splits
into two subgroups– North and south
• the Khmers move to the east (establish modern Cambodia)
• 1612 Europeans reach Viet kingdoms
• 1825 Vietnamese refuse to allow more Catholics into country
• 1859 French capture Saigon
• 1887 establish the “French indochinese Union”
Napoleon III of France as vulture, lampooned by Harpers Monthly, 1872
Ho Chi Minh (“he who enlightens”)
• Born in 1890• Travelled to Paris,
circulated a petition for Woodrow Wilson calling for Vietnamese independence
• Joined the Communist Party• Lived in China• 1930s returned to Vietnam
to organize a liberation army: the Viet Minh
modern Vietnam• 1931 Japan attacks China
and occupies Manchuria– they name it “Manchuko”
• 1940 Japan attacks Vietnam
• 1942 the OSS establishes alliance with Ho Chi Minh• 1945 Ho’s forces have
taken partial control of North Vietnam
• France reestablishes itself in Vietnam
• 1953-1954 Ho’s forces defeat French at
DienbienphuHo’s forces waive the Vietnamese flag at Dienbienphu, 1954
the 1954 Geneva accords
• temporary division of North and South Vietnam
• the North under Ho’s control
• a border between the two areas at the 17th parallel
• with a small strip of land called the Demilitarized Zone (the “DMZ”
• temporary until national elections in 1956 1954 Geneva conference
SEATO (South East Asian Treaty Organization)
• established in 1954• included U.S., France, Great Britain,
Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, Taiwan, the Philippines and Pakistan
• half the countries weren’t from South East Asia
• Pakistan??
Ngo Dihn Diem• Takes charge of South
Vietnam in 1956• Creates the Republic
of Vietnam• 1960: supporters of
Ho Chi Minh and other nationalists create the National Liberation Front (NLF)
