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OFFICIAL WEEKLY BULLETIN OF THE AGENCIES IN THE OFFICE FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
WASHINGTON, D. C. FEBRUARY 17, 1942 VOLUME 3, NUMBER 7
WAR EFFORT INDICESMANPOWERNational labor force, Jan 62,400,000Unemployed, Jan 4, 200, 000Nonagrlcultural workers, Dec t40, 963, 000Percent Increase since June 1940 14Farm employment, Jan. 1, 1942-. 8, 663, 000Percent decrease since June 1940 28
FINANCE(/„ m aiiona
June 1940 to latest reporting date of dollars)
Authorized program, Jan. 81 '89, 087Total disbursements, Jan. 81 *17, 528
PRODUCTION (In millionsJune 1940 to latest reporting date of dollars)
Paid on contracts, Jan. 31 *14, 160Gov. commitments for plant ex-
pansion; 738 projects, Dec. 81. 5, 885Private commitments for plant
expansion; Dec. 31 1,826
Week ended Feb. 14, 1941 Strikes WorkersSignificant strikes in progress
during week 8 2,800Number settled 7 2, 000
•Preliminary.tPrellminary Revision.
SINCE PEAKL HARBOR:
3,600,000
3,58?,
F243,300
U.S.ARMYIDECEMBER t942
OCTOBER 1941 j
JUNE 1940 J•«9»
Conversion is the only straight, fast
road to victory, Nelson tells industry
Donald M. Nelson, head of the WarProduction Board, February 8 told Amer-ican Industry that its facilities must beconverted to war production or essential
civilian needs with increasing speed. Hesaid:
Production goals set by the President
are high, but the stakes in this struggle
—
freedom and democracy—are muchhigher.
These goals must be attained.
Conversion must be the industrial evo-
lution of 1942.
Hitler and his Axis satellites converted
years ago. We have only a fraction of
the time they enjoyed.
The War Production Board has studied
carefully the President's blueprint for
victory which calls for the production of
60,000 airplanes, 45,000 tanks, 20,000
antiaircraft guns, and 8,000,000 tons of
shipping during 1942.
"Sweeping action" needed
The Board has been working inten-
sively to translate these production goals
into exact requirements in terms of ma-terials, manpower, and machines.
This work has progressed to the point
where it is now clear that the 2-year
production schedule can be fulfilled only
by sweeping action. The only course
open to the War Production Board is to
convert many plants now manufacturing
peacetime goods to the production of
munitions. There is no time to build
new plants; there are not enough mate-
rials to go around; there Is not enoughmanpower to duplicate our productive
resources. Conversion is the onlystraight, fast road to victory.
This will be our principal goal for the
next 6 months.Plants which have turned out civilian
products can in many cases be adapted
REFRIGERATOR production to endApril 30 for swing to war. Page 5.
RADIO INDUSTRY has "three or four
months" to convert. Page 4.
to war production, as England discovered
after Dunkirk.
The War Production Board has started
with conversion programs, now underway in the automobile, refrigerator, andtypewriter industries. Many other in-
dustries have converted part of their
facilities due to previous curtailment
orders and in such cases a far larger pro-
portion of their facilities must be devoted
to war work. Still other industries,
which have not produced munitions at
all in the past, will be called to Washing-ton in the course of the next few weeks
to take on their share of the war job.
Speed is essential, for any lagging in
the conversion effort may lead directly to
the death of American fighting men.
The Government will help. Field of-
ficers will give advice and assistance on
subcontracting; the War Production
Board's new Division of Industry Opera-
tions, with branch chiefs for all indus-
tries, will speed conversion of industries
and plants. . .
Conversion is our Number One problem.
443468*—42
• VICTORY • February 17, 1942
Review of the Week
Marching down Chairman Nelson's
"only straight, fast road to victory," the
War Production Board last week in-
formed the refrigerator industry it will
have to stop making refrigerators after
April 30 and devote all its energies to the
war. (A price ceiling on refrigerators
beat this order by a few days.) Earlier
in the week radio manufacturers were
told they would have to follow the auto-
mobile and typewriter makers into pro-
duction of weapons—and one WPB offi-
cial warned that if the radio factories
are not turning out war goods in 3 or 4
months, their labor and equipment prob-
ably will have to be shifted to some place
where the job can be done.
Into the hopper
But even our great industrial plant
fully mobilized could not make 60,000
planes and 45,000 tanks this year without
metals, cloth, rubber. And so the war
organization last week invoked its ex-
traordinary powers to get materials also.
As Mr. Nelson and Commerce Secretary
Jones proclaimed that the rubber we can
expect will just care for our 2-year arma-
ment plans and the barest civilian essen-
tials, rationing of recapped tires was or-
dered. WPB issued specifications re-
ducing the amount of new rubber in
everything from treads to raincoats. The
Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs
and the Board of Economic Warfare sent
a corps of technicians to scour the Ama-zon Valley for wild rubber and to help
our neighbor nations produce more of the
metals that make arms and the oils that
make explosives and food.
WPB issued a list of products which
may be packed in tin cans—many famil-
iar things were missing—and the sizes
in which they may be put up. (.That's
no excuse for raising prices, Price Ad-
ministrator Henderson warned.) All tin
in the hands of jewelers was frozen. At
the same time WPB's Bureau of Indus-
trial Conservation announced a test proj-
ect to reclaim tin from used cans. Only
householders near the plants can help in
this, or in a more immediately useful en-
terprise to shred cans which will precipi-
tate copper from mine waters.
Invitation to produce
Mr. Henderson and Materials Director
Batt revealed that mine operators will be
paid premiums for all copper, lead, and
zinc, in excess of quotas, produced from
February 1 on. (Quotas are to be fixed
near the greatest reasonable output at
established market prices.) The Director
of Industry Operations raised a rating to
A-l-a to rush materials for the Texas
smelter that will take tin from Bolivian
ores and from Far Eastern stocks received
since the war started.
In further action on materials, WPBinformed aluminum-working plants it is
vital to war production that they them-selves sort the scrap falling from their
machines. Stocks of corundum, whichgrinds lenses, were put under allocation.
Further along in the industrial process,
Industry Operations gave top ratings for
repairs on mills which roll, draw or ex-
trude copper or copper-base alloys. WPBordered plumbing and heating manufac-turers to simplify iron, brass, and bronze
valves to save metal. The sale of copper
and copper products by mills, warehouses,
and foundries was limited to ratings of
A-10 or higher.
The power of requisition
WPB ordered nonwar processors to get
ready immediately to sell their raw silk
to the Defense Supplies Corporation
(requisition is the alternative) and took
control of all raw silk to see that even
after it is in the parachute factories it
is used in the best possible way. Thecivilian clothing trade was warned that
WPB could allocate supplies if specu-
lative inventories are built up and dis-
turb fair distribution. Arrangementswere made to furnish worsted manufac-turers with rayon to educate them in
blending the synthetic with wool.
Besides its activity in heavy industry,
the Office of Price Administration
slashed at prices of drugs and chemicals
of concern to every household. Withceilings imposed late last week on aspirin
and citric acid, OPA added maximumlimits on salicylic acid and vitamin C.
Mr. Henderson quoted top fair prices for
nicotine sulphate, which kills vegetable-
destroying insects. WPB contributed by
conserving vitamin A for the most hene-
flcial human use, and freezing all sup-
plies of agar.
OPA also put a ceiling on domestic oil
storage tanks, and on cast iron soil pipe,
which is needed for defense housing andfactory construction. Asphalt and as-
phalt products were brought under the
petroleum roof at higher prices than the
voluntary agreements had permitted; all
types of rayon grey goods not already
covered were brought in; "dollars per
dozen" maximum prices were set for
Nylon stockings.
Other OPA actions and interpretations
affected iron and steel scrap, mercury,
lead, petroleum products, poplin, usedburlap, bed linens, rayon, waste, combedcotton yarns, cocoa, coffee, pepper, tires,
and Douglas fir plywood.
Around the clock
Labor Director Hillman praised the
result of the first full-scale Sunday oper-
ations in the West Coast shipyards. TheWar Labor Board meanwhile handed
down its first two decisions—in the Alu-
minum Co. of America and Federated
Fishing Boat's disputes.
Purchases Director MacKeachie ex-
plained to the Senate committee inves-
tigating defense a new contract review
system which WPB will set up to check
on the efficiency of war production.
Fiorello LaGuardia resigned as direc-
tor of civilian defense, and President
Roosevelt announced he v/ould appoint
OCD Executive James M. Landis in his
place. Mr. Landis told the press he was
Investigating the question of whether the
controversial physical fitness program
belongs in OCD.
• * *
WAR EFFORT'S PROGRESS
TOLD VISUALLY
The charts appearing every week on
the front cover of Victory tell the story
of America's battle as it is fought here at
home. One-column mats are available
for publication by newspapers and others
who may desire them. Requests should
be sent to Distribution Section, Division
of Information, OEM, Washington, D. C.
VICTORYOFFICIAL BULLETIN of the Office for Emergency
Management. Published weekly by the Division of
Information, Office for Emergency Management, and
printed at the United States Government Printing
Office, Washington, D. O.
Subscription rates by mall: 76* for 52 Issues; 25*
(or 13 Issues; single copies 5*, payable In advance.
Remit money order payable directly to the Superin-
tendent of Documents, Government Printing Office,
Washington, D. O.
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY •
On the Home Front
And now we're rationing the retreads.
Now great presses grind out ration books
for sugar. Now we're saving tin andthis, like all the other measures toward
Victory, measures present and to come,
will change our habits and our lives.
The pioneer spirit
Emergencies stimulate ingenuity.
That's why our pioneers, who lived in a
continuing crisis, accomplished so much.The War Production Board's recent an-
nouncement that two important jobs
have been found for our empty tin cans
affords fresh proof of this fact. Fresh
proof, too, of our grave need for all kinds
of metal.
Both these jobs for used tin cans re-
quire cooperation of the Home Front, al-
though at the moment this need for
cooperation is restricted to a few areas.
One job is fairly obvious—"detinning"
to reclaim both tin and steel. This is
being done near Pittsburgh and Sewaren,
N. J. and new plants may be built else-
where.
The tin can's second assignment, how-ever, is quite another thing. The tin
can is going to work in the copper miningindustry. Cans cleaned and shredded
at Kansas City, Dallas, and Houston will
be shipped off to the mines. There wa-ter carrying copper sulphate flows over
the shredded cans, precipitating copper.
Expected output: 2,000 tons a month.
Housewives living in these detinning
and shredding areas are asked to save
their tin cans; eventually most of us maybe doing this.
More savings on tin
At the same time WPB attacked the
problem of tin scarcity from the other
end of the line, abolishing for the dura-
tion, certain uses of tin cans, restricting
use of cans for a number of other pur-
poses, establishing specifications calling
for thinner coatings of tin on all cans
except those which must be resistant to
acid. This will save about 40 percent of
the tin used last year without affecting
the consumer in any really vital way.
Dog food won't be canned, or beer, but
there'll be tin for vegetables and fruit
and the more important meat products.
People who hope to make a speculative
profit out of the war's impact on their
fellow Americans are apt to find it toughsledding. Here are some of the recent
steps taken by WPB and OPA to guardyou against unfairly high prices and theNation against inflation:
The medicine chest—OPA put a ceil-
ing over citric acid, used for flavoring
food and beverages and in drug prepara-tions, to halt speculative advances whichbrought resales at prices three timeshigher than those of producers . . .
OPA took similar action on the raw ma-terial for aspirin and other remedies, andfor the same reason . . . WPBissued an order designed to save the sup-ply of highly concentrated Vitamin Afor human consumption—some of it hasbeen going into feeds for stock and poul-
try—while OPA fixed maximum prices
for synthetic Vitamin C ... in
some cases prices had risen to double
those charged by the producers . . .
Shortage of fruits and vegetables over-
seas has increased demand . . .
WPB froze stocks of agar, a sort of jelly
extracted from seaweed used in candy,laxatives, ice cream, dental forms.
Fair distribution of clothing
In the clothing field, WPB warned that
wholesalers and retailers who acquire ab-
normally large stocks merely increase
likelihood that WPB will take over dis-
tribution of supplies among all job-
bers, wholesalers, retailers . . . AndOPA established a permanent maximum"dollars per dozen" price for manufac-turers of Nylon hosiery, fixed existing
manufacturers' prices for mechanical re-
frigerators as maximum, put a ceiling
over domestic fuel oil storage tanks,
asked manufacturers of vitreous china
and enameled cast iron plumbing fix-
tures, along with makers of cast iron
boilers and radiators, to withhold threat-
ened price increases . . . Manu-facturers of rubber soles and heels re-
ceived a similar request.
The more explosives, the more soap
Military demand for glycerine proba-bly will insure plenty of soap, since soapmay be regarded as a byproduct of
glycerine manufacture . . . But It
won't be as slippery—almost no glycerine
In it ... A salvage drive to save
grease and food fats for glycerine makingis coming soon . . . Glycerine is animportant ingredient in the manufactureof explosives . . . WPB has made it
easier for the farmer to get repair andmaintenance parts for his machinery,
through higher priority ratings . . .
Many of the things we use are going to
come up the reddish blue of ultramarine
rather than the blue-green of co-
balt . . . Bottles, enamelware, inks.
fabrics, dyes, paints, and stains . . ,
Cobalt is an important steel alloy, andscarce ... We get most of it fromAfrica in normal times . . . WPB'shealth supplies branch recommendsinch-wide strips from old bedsheets,
homemade paste, to shatter-proof win-dows against bombs.
• * *
Funds authorized, requested
for war: $141,600,000,000
The total of authorized expenditures
for war, plus net funds requested for
war purposes now before Congress, total
an estimated $141,600,000,000, the WarProduction Board announced February13.
With the approval by the President
on February 7 of the Navy Appropriation
Act of $21,000,000,000 net funds, the total
of all Congressional cash appropriations
and contract authorizations for war pur-poses came to $105,000,000,000. In addi-
tion, there were Reconstruction FinanceCorporation commitments for war ob-jectives of $5,130,000,000.
Pending before Congress February 13
were requests from the President for
$21,969,000,000 in net funds for the WarDepartment and $3,852,000,000 for the
Maritime Commission. The new Lend-Lease bill called for an additional $5,430,-
000,000, and the First Deficiency bill re-
quested $32,000,000 of net war funds. Arevised estimate of the net money for
war uses in the Independent Offices bill
was $188,000,000.
* * *
IN THIS ISSUE
INDUSTRIAL OPERATIONSConverting the radio industry 4
Weapons to replace refrigerators.
_
5
Many products to get no cans 6
PRICE ADMINISTRATIONRecapped tires to be rationed 8
Refrigerator prices curbed 10
LABORAluminum, fish, boat decisions 16
AGRICULTUREEngland's food improves 18
INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRSThe search for rubber and metals.. 19
PURCHASESWar contracts to be reviewed 24
CrVTLIAN DEFENSELandis looks at policies 80
• VICTORY • February 17, 1942
INDUSTRIAL OPERATIONS .
.
Radio industry learns it must convert
to war or have facilities dispersed
The radio manufacturing industry,
whose civilian output already has been
cut to 40 percent below last year's total,
was told February 13 it is next in line
for conversion to the production of war
material.
Speaking before a meeting of repre-
sentatives of 55 set manufacturers, R. R.
Guthrie, assistant chief, Bureau of In-
dustry Branches, said the radio makers
will be converted "as rapidly as is tech-
nically possible."
While no dead line was set, it is ex-
pected that the major part of the job
will be done within 3 months. A pro-
gram for conversion will be drawn after
conferences between representatives of
the industry and Government.
Demanding the utmost now
"The problems of your industry in the
war effort are at once difficult and press-
ing," Mr. Guthrie said. "The strate-
gical objectives, and the broad dimen-
sions of the task before you, are clear.
It should be as gratifying to you as it is
to me that these objectives and dimen-
sions are no longer subject to change
with the fortunes of war. We are, thank
God, out of the period in which each
succeeding military reverse meant a re-
vision of our estimates of what we must
do. We are demanding the utmost of
your industry, and of every other in-
dustry, now.
"That utmost will mean for some of
you a substantial but not entirely un-
familiar task of converting your produc-
tion to the production of radio, signal
corps, detection, and similar equipment
needed in enormous volume for the
armed forces. This conversion will be
accomplished as rapidly as is techni-
cally possible. But for very many others
in the industry the nature of the pres-
ent production process appears to makeconversion of this kind impracticable.
This does not mean that conversion to
war products must not be accomplished.
You must, with our help, find some other
products, for which there is a need quite
unrelated, it may be, to your present
products, for which there is a need in
the war economy.
"If, 3 or 4 months from now, conver-
sion to war products is still not accom-
plished, it will be impossible to assume
any longer that some kind of conversion
of the type of organization of plant,
equipment, labor, and managementwhich constitutes a radio factory is
feasible. It would be a frightful loss, a
great cost to the Nation, if this were to
happen, because we should then have to
take steps to break down the organiza-
tion of the unconverted plants, and shift
their labor and equipment to other parts
of the economy where they could be
mobilized for war production."
* * *
Three companies suspended
for breach of aluminum order
Suspension orders were issued Febru-
ary 10 against three companies which re-
ceived or delivered aluminum scrap in
violation of priority orders, the Division
of Industry Operations announced.
National Pressure Cooker Co., Eau Claire,
Wis., accepted delivery of 740,856 pounds of
aluminum scrap between July and November1941, in direct violation of SupplementaryOrder M-l-c, since no preference rating hadbeen assigned to such deliveries. As a re-
sult, aluminum was diverted from primarydefense needs to nonessential uses. By the
terms of Suspension Order S-8, issued by the
Division of Industry Operations, NationalPressure Cooker Co. is forbidden to receive
or deliver aluminum or aluminum productsfor a period of 2 months unless specifically
authorized by the Director of Industry Oper-ations. The company Is also forbidden to
process any aluminum between February 20
and March 10, or to accept purchase orders
for aluminum or aluminum products while
the Suspension Order is In effect.
New England Metals Co., Providence,
R. I., which delivered approximately 555,000
pounds of aluminum scrap to National Pres-
sure Cooker Co. between August 1 and No-vember 30. 1941, in violation of priority or-
ders, is forbidden to accept purchase orders
for or deliveries of aluminum, and is also
forbidden to make deliveries of aluminum for
a period of 2 months beginning February 10.
These prohibitions are contained in Suspen-sion Order S-9.
A. B. C. Pattern & Foundry Co., Chicago,
accepted delivery of 17,510 pounds of alu-
minum scrap between July 24 and November1, 1941. without a preference rating, and also
made a misrepresentation to the Office of
Production Management concerning these
deliveries. The company is forbidden by Sus-pension Order S-12 to reeeive.. deliver, or
accept purchase orders for aluminum or
aluminum products for 2 months, and is for-
bidden to process any aluminum betweenFebruary 20 and March 10.
All persons are forbidden to deliver alu-
minum to, or accept deliveries from, any of
the three companies while the suspensionorders are in effect without express authori-
zation from the Director of Industry Oper-ations.
All raw silk in U. S.
taken for war production
under WPB control
The War Production Board moved
February 9 to take over for war use all
raw silk in the United States which was
not already available for that purpose.
In its first comprehensive requisition-
ing action, the Inventory and Requisi-
tioning Section of the Board sent wires
to 146 processors, none of whom were
believed to have war contracts, ordering
them to make arrangements within 48
hours to sell their entire holdings of rawsilk to the Defense Supplies Corporation
at the ceiling prices established by the
Office of Price Administration. The ac-
tion is one of a number now in process
to make idle and excessive inventories of
scarce materials available promptly for
war production.
The processors were warned in the
telegram that those who did not volun-
tarily make their stocks available to the
Defense Supplies Corporation would have
them seized under the requisitioning au-
thority of the War Production Board.
It was pointed out that where voluntary
sales of materials and property necessary
for war use can be arranged, the Gov-ernment will in all instances pay ceiling
prices. It was indicated, however, that
where requisitioning action becomes nec-
essary, the price will be no higher than
the ceiling and may, because of adminis-
trative cost involved in carrying out
seizures, be somewhat less.
The move insures 100-percent diversion
to naval and military needs.
Entire supply put under WPB control
WPB on February 10 took complete
control of the entire raw silk supply in
this country.
In a third amendment to Silk Order
M-22, WPB ordered that:
1. No sale of raw silk may hereafter bemade except to and by the Defense Supplies
Corporation.2. Until February 23 silk previously pur-
chased may still be delivered to parachutemanufacturers, if available. After February22 all deliveries must be made to the DefenseSupplies Corporation, which in turn will
make available whatever quantity of raw
silk is required by a parachute manufactur-ing plant to complete an order.
3. After March 1, no silk may be used in
the manufacture of parachutes until the
grade and type has been approved by the
Defense Supplies Corporation. This is to
make sure that certain top grade silks are
conserved for the canopies of parachutes
and are not used in the shroud lines or in
the cores of shroud lines.
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY •
U. S. court suspends firm
pending injunction action
to force access to books
In the first action of its kind yet taken,
Federal attorneys acting in Chicago for
the War Production Board, on February
13 asked and obtained an order tempo-
rarily suspending operations In cadmiumand nickel by the Chicago Alloy Products
Co., pending hearing on an injunction
petition against the company. The or-
der was issued by Federal Judge John P.
Barnes and immediately served on the
company.
The Injunction, If granted, would re-
strain the company from interfering with
agents of the WPB in enforcing a formal
order issued February 9 by Director J. S.
Knowlson, Division of Industry Opera-
tions, directing the company to afford
access to its premises for inspection of
Its inventories, books, and records.
The Government's petition alleged
that the company was negotiating deals
without priority sanction and at prices
far In excess of the maximum prices es-
tablished by the Administrator of the
Office of Price Administration.
The court order issued February 13 en-
Joins the Chicago Alloy Products Co., 714
West Liberty Street, from selling, dispos-
ing, moving, or concealing its supplies of
nickel or cadmium, until action Is taken
on the injunction petition.
Power to obtain information on inven-
tories and supplies through inspection is
provided In the statutes established In
the priorities system of the War Produc-tion Board.
• * •
Aid to air lines goes
beyond flight materials
The Division of Industry OperationsFebruary 11 issued Interpretation No. 1
of Preference Rating Order P-47, whichmakes it clear that the preference ratings
assigned under the order may be applied
to deliveries of such necessary articles of
airline operation as maintenance equip-
ment, ground radios, tools, and essential
office machinery, as well as to materialwhich is to be physically incorporated in
a plane.
Some suppliers have been refusing to
make deliveries to air lines, to whom thebenefit of the order ha~ been extended,
of any material not essential to actual
flight.
Refrigerator production to end April 30;
war contracts in sight for 90 percent
of plant; manufacturers' stocks frozenAmerica's domestic mechanical refrig-
erator industry is being sent to war.
At a meeting February 15 of the In-
dustry advisory committee, the WarProduction Board announced: -
1. All stocks of new refrigerators ex-
cept those in the hands of retailers or
actually in transit to retailers wereordered frozen as of 10 a. m., EWT.,Saturday. Retailers may sell one-twelfth the number of new refrigera-
tors they sold in 1941 or 100 newrefrigerators, whichever is greater,
after which the freeze will auto-
matically apply to stocks held by them.Manufacturers or distributors maysell, lease, trade, lend, deliver, ship, or
transfer new refrigerators only underspecific authorization by WPB.
2. An order will be issued shortly
requiring cessation of all refrigerator
production after April 30. Refrigera-
tors now frozen and those to be pro-
duced between now and the closing
date will form a pool of approximately
750,000 refrigerators to meet military
and highly essential civilian needs.
Biggest factor in WPB's program to
expedite conversion of the industry to
100 percent war work is that contracts
already held plus contracts expected bythe industry will result in the use of ap-
proximately 70 percent of plants andmanpower for output of war goods.
May speed output for present
Under the terms of the forthcoming
stop-production order, manufacturers
will be permitted between February 15
and April 30 to make three times as manyrefrigerators as are allowed under the
existing production quota. The indus-
try's quota for this month is 163,000 units.
In the next 2 l/2 months, it will be per-
mitted to produce 489,000 units.
It is intended that the refrigerators to
be produced should be made from ma-terials now in inventories, but Jesse L.
Maury, Government presiding officer andchief of the electrical appliances and con-
sumers' durable goods branch, said that
relief might be granted in cases whereonly a small amount of scarce materials
was required to balance inventories.
Mr. Maury said that no restrictions
would be placed on the manufacture of
spare parts to keep refrigerators now in
use in good running order.
He agreed to consider an industryrecommendation that the "freeze" orderbe modified to permit sales or deliveries
of new refrigesators by manufacturersto distributors so that there could bewider use of warehouse facilities. A newrefrigerator was defined in the order asone which has never been used by anultimate consumer.
The mechanical refrigerator industryhas an estimated 36,000 workers. Its
factory sales last year were 3,700,000 unitsworth $280,000,000. The industry is aphenomenon of the post World War Iera, and there was little production be-fore 1926.
Already sharply curtailed
The industry has been operating sinceAugust 1, 1941, under Limitation OrdersL-5 and L-5-a, which sharply curtailedproduction below average monthly fac-tory sales during the 12 months endedJune 30, 1941.
In order to assist the industry in con-verting the remaining facilities possible
to war production, Army and Navy offi-
cers and WPB contract distribution offi-
cials have arranged to meet with industry
engineers in Cleveland, Ohio, on Febru-ary 18, to discuss plant and labor facili-
ties and to go over the "shopping list"
prepared by the armed forces.
The industry reports that it now holds
or expects to obtain contracts which will
result in the use of approximately 90 per-
cent of the industry's plants, organiza-
tion, and personnel.
• * *
Prize pictures show
America at war
Results of America's first wartime art
competition, which produced a remark-
able collection of water colors andsketches showing America at work since
Pearl Harbor, were announced February
3 by the Division of Information, Office
for Emergency Management.
The paintings and drawings recom-
mended by the jury and purchased by
OEM will be exhibited in the National
Gallery in Washington till February 28.
Following that time the exhibit will be
shown in other parts of the country.
• VICTORY • February 17, 1942
40-percent cut ordered in tin for cans;
but unlimited pack, top maintenance
ratings granted for "primary" foods
The War Production Board on Febru-
ary 12 ordered a drastic reduction in the
manufacture, sale, delivery, and use of
tin cans. The action, embodied in Con-
servation Order M-81, is expected to re-
sult in a saving of approximately 40 per-
cent in the amount of tin used by the
canning industry compared with 1941.
Concurrently, the WPB issued Prefer-
ence Rating Order No. P-115 granting
high priority ratings to canners for re-
pairs, maintenance and expansions to
enable the canners to pack the fruits
and vegetables provided for in M-81. Arating of A-l-a—the highest possible-
is granted for emergency repairs to avert
spoilage of fruit or vegetables. A rating
of A-3 is granted for other repairs, main-
tenance and expansions. Previously the
canning industry operated within P-100
which carried a preference rating of
A-10.
15,500-ton saving expected
Last year more than 40,000 tons of
tin was used in the manufacture of tin-
plate for tin cans. The containers
branch estimates that the Feb. 12th
order will reduce such consumption in
1942 to 24.500 tons, a saving of at least
15,500 tons. Lend-Lease figures are not
included in either the 1941 or 1942 figures.
The order is based upon limiting the
amount of tin and tinplate which may be
used in the manufacture of cans. When-
ever a percentage is specified, it refers
to the amount of tinplate permitted
rather than to the number of cans or to
the quantity of food to be packed.
In general, small-sized cans are elim-
inated, resulting in a saving of about 7
percent. The bulk of the saving, how-
ever, will result from curtailment and
even elimination of the use of tin cans as
containers for products which can be
packed in cans of other materials or
which do not have to be canned at all
and from thinning the thickness of the
tinplate coating on virtually all cans.
No limit on "primary" class
The order places all cans in four cat-
egories. All products to be packed in
the cans are grouped in three tables. A"Primary Products Can" is a can used
to pack any product listed in Table 1.
A "Secondary Products Can" is a can
used to pack any product listed in Table
2. A "Special Products Can" is a can
used to pack any product listed in
Table 3. A "Non-Essential Can" is a
can now used to pack any product not
listed in Tables 1, 2, or 3. There is no
difference in the cans as such—only
in the products that go into them.
In general. Primary Products Cans
will be used to pack fruits and vegetables
of primary importance. They represent
in the main products on which the De-
partment of Agriculture has set produc-
tion goals and which would spoil if not
canned when fresh. No limit is placed
by the order on the number of such cans
Some "secondary" can be dried
Secondary Products Cans will be used
to pack fruits and vegetables that are re-
garded as of secondary- importance.
Some of these products can be dried.
In general, these products are given as
much tinplate as was used for their 1940
pack.
Special Products Cans will be used to
pack important medical, chemical, den-
tal, and industrial products, and in gen-
eral, the production of these cans is lim-
ited to 100 percent of 1940.
Nonessential tin cans are cut 50 per-
cent for the remainder of February and
then discontinued entirely. Amongproducts in this group are beer, dog food,
dried beans of all kinds (including pork
and beans), baking powder, cereals and
flour, petroleum products, spices and
condiments, and tobacco.
A-2 rated orders unrestricted
None of the restrictions apply to pur-
chase orders bearing a higher than A-2
rating. Such orders may be filled
through packing all required quantities
of foodstuffs packed in tin, even though
the product (such as dried beans) is in
the nonessential category. In general,
this is intended to meet Armed Services
and Lend-Lease requirements.
Another list (Exhibit B) made a part
of the order lists products which are ex-
cluded from the prohibition against a
tinplate coating of more than 1.25 pounds
per base box of tinplate. A thickness
of 1.5 pounds is permitted. This is done
to assure a sufficient thickness of tin to
make it acid resistant. Products in this
list are sauerkraut, pureed vegetables
and fruits, berries, cherries, plums,
prunes, lemon juice, phenols and cresols,
glycerine, pectin, nicotine sulphate,
pickles, and jams, jellies, and preserves.
The order applies both to the canner
and the can manufacturer. It prohibits
any canner from buying, accepting de-
livery of, manufacturing, or using for
packing cans requiring more tin, tinplate,
or terneplate for any particular product
than is permitted under the order.
It prohibits a can manufacturer from
manufacturing, selling, or delivering any
cans except pursuant to contracts or or-
ders validated by affidavits from canners
as specified in the order.
Can manufacturers are ordered to co-
operate with tinplate mills in "effectu-
ating as rapidly and as completely as
possible" a program of reducing the
thickness of the tin coating on cans,
both by hot-dip coating and by electro-
lytic coating; and canners are required
to accept such cans. These cans, with
the exception just listed, will be limited
to tin coating with a pot-yield thickness
of not more than 1.25 pounds per base
box.
Can manufacturers are ordered fur-
ther to concentrate "to the greatest ex-
tent practicable" on the larger size cans;
to substitute, to the extent feasible and
practicable, containers made of other
material for containers made of tinplate
and terneplate; and to use a minimumamount of solder having the minimumtin content for sealing cans.
* * *
WPB freezes tin, tin-bearing
materials in hands of jewelers
The War Production Board February
14 froze all tin and tin-bearing mate-
rials in the hands of manufacturing jew-
elers, J. S. Knowlson, Director of Indus-
try Operations, announced.
Jewelers are prohibited from melting,
fabricating, assembling, or in any way
changing the form of tin in their posses-
sion, according to the terms of Amend-
ment No. 1 to Order M-43-a.
• • •
Fill Service orders first,
can manufacturers told
Can manufacturers who. on January
27, were given quotas for uses to which
cans may be put were ordered on Feb-
ruary 7, by Industry Operations Director
Knowlson, to fill Army and Navy orders
first and to ask for more tin or terne-
plate for this purpose, if necessary.
The instructions were contained in
a telegram to all can manufacturers.
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY •
No excuse for price rise
in canned goods—Henderson
Important canned foods will not be
affected by the reduction in the manu-facture and use of tin cans, ordered by
the War Production Board, and there
will be plentiful supplies of essential
canned fruits, vegetables, fish, milk, andother necessary foods, Price Adminis-
trator Henderson announced February
13. He also warned consumers anddealers that there is no justification for
Increased prices on canned foods.
"Supplies of canned foods now on store
shelves and in warehouses are more than
adequate to meet all our food require-
ments until after the 1942 crops are har-
vested, packed, and distributed to con-
sumers," Mr. Henderson reported. "Nor-
mal supplies are available and they
should be bought normally by con-
sumers, for current needs only.
Some supplies will be even bigger
"Practically all of last year's crop has
already been canned, so the reduction
ordered by WPB will not really affect
foods until the next canning season, the
peak of which will come next fall. Eventhen, essential foods will not be affected.
In some instances, the supplies will be
even larger."
In addition to saving tin for war, the
WPB order is intended to provide cansfor the increased supplies of basic foods
commonly used in every household. Pro-
duction of these staples is being greatly
increased under the United States De-partment of Agriculture's all-out food
production program. As examples, Mr.Henderson pointed out that there will beunrestricted canning of the total pro-
duction of peas, tomatoes, beans, corn,
asparagus, tomato juice, salmon, tunafish, evaporated milk, baby foods, andothers. Canning of other importantfoods will be restricted only where theyare readily obtainable In other contain-ers or in fresh and processed forms.
Some to be packed in glass
Less essential goods customarilypacked in tin will be available in glass,
paper and other containers.
* * *
MORE INDUSTRIAL
OPERATIONS NEWS
ON PAGES 25, 26, 27
List of products that may be cannedand quantities of tin permitted
A summary of lists 1, 2, and 3, show-ing products that may be canned andquantities of tin permitted for them ac-
cording to the regulations described onpage 6, follows:
TABLE I
Table No. 1, which lists products regardedas of primary Importance (unlimited can-ning) Includes fruits, vegetables, juices, mls-ceUaneous foods, including milk and milkproducts, and fish and shellfish.
Fruits in the table Include fruit cocktailand fruits for salad, peaches, pears, pectin,and grapefruit, lemon, lime and orangeconcentrates. Peaches and pears may notbe canned whole—to conserve space.
Vegetables in table 1 Include asparagus,beans, corn, peas, tomatoes and tomato prod-ucts (such as paste, sauce, pulp, catsup,chill sauce), and baby foods, such as vege-table purees and chopped foods.Beans must be packed fresh; dried beans
may not be packed. Only sweet corn maybe packed and It must be cut off the cob.Peas must be fresh green.
Juices in table 1 are limited to tomatoJuice. No fruit Juices are included. Therestriction on can sizes is well illustrated inrespect to tomato Juice. It is now packed Inmore than -30 sizes; under the order It Is
reduced to four sizes. The small, Individualsize container (under 12 ounces) is not per-mitted.
Fish and shellfish are limited to salmon,sardines, tuna and tunalike fishes, mackerel,alewives, fish flakes, and crab.
Miscellaneous foods Include cold packfoods, baby formulas, evaporated milk, drymilks, special dietary products, and dehy-drated vegetables.
TABLE II
The foodstuffs in this table will be packedin Secondary Cans—that is, cans restricted bythe order to 100 percent of the tlnplate usedto pack the 1940 production of the sameproducts. However, there are numerous ex-ceptions to even that limitation, and in mostsuch Instances, the restriction is greater thanthe general limitation for the group.
Fruits in this table Include apples andcrab apples, apple sauce, apricots, berries,
cherries, cocoanuts, cranberries, grapefruit,and combination of oranges and grapefruit,olives, peaches (freestone), pineapple, plums,and fresh prunes.
Apples and crab apples are limited to 75percent of the 1940 pack. Apricots may notbe canned whole and are limited to 75 per-cent of the 1940 pack. Olives include onlyripe olives and only 50 percent of the 1941pack may be canned. Plums and fresh prunesare limited to 50 percent of their 1940 pack.
Vegetables in table No. 2 include beets,carrots, carrots and peas, pimentos and pep-pers, pumpkin and squash, rhubarb, sauer-kraut, spinach and other green leafy vege-tables, succotash, okra, tomato products, andmixed vegetables.Products restricted beyond the 100 percent
limitation are : Beets, 75 percent of 1940 pack;carrots. 75 percent of 1940; carrots and peas,75 percent of 1940; pimentos and peppers, 50percent of 1940; pumpkin and squash, 50percent of 1940; rhubarb, 50 percent of 1940;sauerkraut, 50 percent of present bulk krautholding; mixed vegetables, 75 percent of 1940.
Juices in table 2 arer Lemon, lime, pine-apple, grapefruit, orange, combination ofgrapefruit and orange, and fruit nectar.Lemon Juice and lime Juice are limited to
50 percent of their 1940 pack. GrapefruitJuice, orange juice, and combination of grape-fruit and orange are allowed 125 percent oftheir 1940 pack.
Miscellaneous foods include canned con-densed soups; canned soups, broths andchowders; condensed milk, goats" milk;malted milks; frozen eggs; liquid oils; har-dened edible oils and unhardened or hardenedlard, rendered porkfat, and edible tallow;sweet syrups; evaporated milk; frozen andstorage cream.Canned condensed soup is permitted 100
percent of Its 1941 pack.Other soups, broths, and chowders, are per-
mitted only 25 percent of their 1940 pack andmay not be packed at all after June 30.Hardened edible oils may be packed at
100 percent of their 1940 rate until June 30and only 60 percent of their 1940 rate forthe remainder of the year.
All other miscellaneous foods In the listare permitted 100 percent of their 1940 packMeats in table 2 include beef, veal, mut-
ton; brains; chili con carne when not packedwith beans; meat loaf containing at least 90percent meat and no added water; meatspreads; sausages in casings; bulk sausagemeats; tongue; boned chicken or turkey;chopped luncheon meats; potted meat.
Brains are permitted 75 percent of 1940pack; meat loaf, 75 percent of 1940 pack;meat spreads, 50 percent of 1940; some sau-sages 75 percent, other 25 percent; tongue,75 percent; bulk sausage meats, 125 percent;chopped luncheon meats, 125 percent; pottedmeat, 125 percent; all others, 100 percent of1940 pack.Fish and shellfish included In table 2 are
shad, clams, mussels, oysters, shrimp; andthe following for refrigeration shipments:oysters, shrimp, clams, scallops, crabs, andfish fillets. The refrigeration products arepermitted 100 percent of their 1941 packs;the others, 100 percent of their 1940 pack.
TABLE mTable in, the special products cans, in-
cludes a long list of products for which var-ious amounts of tin plate and terneplate maybe used. They are restricted to 100 percentof their 1940 use unless otherwise stated.These products include alcohol, cements,chemicals, dyes, fire-extinguisher fluid,graphite, paints and accessories, health sup-plies, lubricating oils, mineral oil, nicotinesulphate, liquid soap, turpentine, liquidglues and pastes, glycerine, polish, waxes,dairy ware, disinfectants.For some products all tin plate is permit-
ted; for others, all terneplate; for still others,tin plate or terneplate is permitted for onlypart of a container, while black plate or othermaterial must be used for the remainder.(Tin plate is black plate or sheet steel platecoated with tin; terneplate is black platecoated with a lead-tin alloy)
.
Liquid soaps are permitted 50 percent oftheir 1940 pack; liquid glues and pastes. 50percent of 1940 in the smaller sizes, 100 per-cent in larger sizes; glycerine, 50 percent in6izes up to 1 gallon, 100 percent in sizes of1 gallon and larger; polish. 60 percent of 1940;waxes, 25 percent of 1940; dairy ware, 110percent of 1940; disinfectants, 50 percent of1940; paints and accessories, 50 percent of1940 in cans of less than 1 -gallon size.
All other products in list are permitted 100percent of their 1940 pack.
The restrictions on can sizes in all
groups become effective March 1, 1942.
The restrictions as to quantity becomeeffective at once.
• VICTORY * February 17, 1942
PRICE ADMINISTRATION . . .
Rationing of retreaded, recapped tires,
as well as processes, to begin February 19
Nation-wide rationing of retreaded
and recapped tires and the process of
retreading and recapping will begin
February 19, Price Administrator Hen-
derson announced February 11. It is
quite probable, he added, that there will
be no crude rubber available for retread-
ing, except for the small number of ve-
hicles already eligible to obtain new tires
and tubes.
"The amount, grade, and type of
'camelback'—the rubber compound used
to form a new tread on worn tires
—
manufactured is determined monthly by
the War Production Board," Mr. Hender-
son stated. "A certain amount will be
made each month to permit the retread-
ing or recapping of truck tires. None
will be available this month for the re-
treading of passenger car tires and, per-
haps none for the month of March.
"It is possible, and even probable, that
there will be no crude rubber available
for retreading of passenger car tires, ex-
cept for those vehicles already eligible to
buy new tires."
Rationing of retreaded and recapped
tires, the process of retreading and re-
capping, and of all grades and types of
camelback will be carried out by using
the same machinery now employed to
ration new tires and tubes. Tires for
passenger cars, trucks, buses, farm im-
plements, road-grading equipment, and
motorcycles are all subject to the ra-
tioning regulations. These regulations
have been revised substantially to en-
compass the new and greatly enlarged
program and copies have been sent to
every local rationing board.
Two eligibility lists, designated A and
B, are contained in the new regulations.
List A, except for the addition of clergy-
men, is generally the same as it has been
under the rationing plan for new tires.
List B is an addition confined exclusively
to vehicles eligible to apply for certifi-
cates for retreaded or recapped tires.
No List B vehicle will be able to obtain
a retread during February and, in the
case of passenger cars, possibly during
March also. List B truck-tire certifi-
cates will be issued only during the last
several days of each month and then
only if any retreads are left over after
the demands of List A truck eligibles
have been satisfied.
"The eligible classes in List B are not
automatically qualified to purchase re-
treaded or recapped tires," Mr. Hender-
son said. "The regulations require any-
one on List B to establish to the satis-
faction of the local board that his car
is used exclusively on service essential
to the community and to the Nation. . .
And, with supplies of camelback severely
limited, only a few of those who can
qualify are likely to get retreaded tires."
LISTB(a) A passenger car used principally
to provide one or more of the following
transportation services:
(1) Licensed Jitney, taxi, or similar
transportation service to the general
public;
(2) Transportation of persons to enablethem to render construction or mechani-cal, structural, or highway repair mainte-nance services;
(3) Transportation of executives, engi-neers, technicians, and workers to andfrom, or within, such of the following as
are essential to the war effort: power gen-eration or transmission facilities, trans-portation or communication facilities, oragricultural, extractive, industrial, military,
or naval establishments;(4) Transportation on official business
of Federal, State, or local government em-ployees engaged in the performance ofGovernment functions essential to thepublic health, safety, or the war effort;
(5) Transportation of produce and sup-plies to and from the farm if an applicantoperating such farm does not own or pos-sess a truck or other practicable means of
transportation;(6) Transportation of traveling salesmen
who are engaged In the sale of farm, ex-tractive, or Industrial equipment, foods ormedical supplies, the distribution of whichis essential to the war effort;
(7) Transportation of newspapers for
wholesale delivery: Provided, That a pas-senger automobile to be eligible under thisparagraph must be used exclusively for
one or more of the purposes In this sub-section (a)
;
(b) Trucks used for any important
purpose not included in List A.
The effective date of the plan—Febru-
ary 19—was selected in order that all
persons who now have tire carcasses in
retreading establishments for retreading
or recapping can arrange either to have
the work finished before that date or get
their old tires back. After February 19
no retreaded tires can be obtained, even
though the work has been on order for
some time and even though the worntire is owned by the person who ordered
the job, except against a certificate is-
sued by the local board. Carcasses left
for retreading, but on which work has
not been completed by February 19, can
be repossessed by the owner at any time.
OPA given rationing control
over retreaded, recapped tires,
materials at all sales levels
Donald M. Nelson, chairman of the
War Production Board, has delegated to
the Office of Price Administration the
authority to ration retreaded or recapped
tires and retreading or recapping ma-terials at wholesale as well as retail
levels.
Mr. Nelson issued Supplementary Di-
rective IB, which gives OPA the right
to ration the "use, sale, transfer, or other
disposition of retreaded or recapped tires
or of recapping and retreading materials
by or to any person engaged in retread-
ing or recapping tires or otherwise deal-
ing in such materials."
The directive does not affect sales to
the Army and Navy, certain other Gov-ernment agencies and foreign govern-
ments and Lend-Lease operations.
Directive No. 1, issued January 24, gaveOPA rationing control over the sale of
products by any person who sells at re-
tail, but did not touch the wholesale level.
The supplementary order will enable
OPA to regulate the flow of camelback(the rubber compound used for retread-
ing and recapping of tires) at all sales
levels.
Supplementary Directive No. 1A, pre-
viously issued, defined "passenger auto-
mobiles" to make it clear that the
authority to ration passenger auto-
mobiles conveyed by SupplementaryDirective No. 1 includes taxicabs andstation wagons.
* * *
Tire recappers permitted to
replace tubes used as airbags
Provisions under which tire recappers
and retreaders will be permitted to pur-
chase replacements for inner tubes used
as a substitute for airbags in the recap-
ping or retreading process are included
in an amendment to Supplemental Or-
der No. M-15-c announced February 12
by OPA Administrator Henderson. Theamendment became effective February 13.
Designated No. 6, the amendment anda memorandum sent with it to all State
rationing administrators and local
boards describe the procedure to be fol-
lowed by retreaders in purchase of the
tubes.
fjfercgg lj, i»42 • VICTORY • 9
Bus, truck fleet emergency
certificates planned to replace
blown tires on road
Plans are being worked out to provide
truck and bus fleet operators with emerg-ency ration certificates so that essential
long-haul trucks and buses will be able
to replace blown tires and tubes on the
road without undue delay, OPA an-nounced February 7.
The program, which also will apply to
Federal, State, county and large munici-
pal fleets, will not broaden the existing
eligibility list.
Under the plan as presently contem-plated, OPA will arrange for the issuance
through local rationing boards of a sup-
ply of emergency certificates to operators
of fleets of 20 or more trucks or buses,
equal to a fixed percentage of the numberof tires and tubes now in active use onthe road on eligible vehicles.
Before final details of the plan can bedetermined, Mr. Henderson said, OPAWill require considerable information
from operators of fleets of 20 or moretrucks or buses and he urged all suchoperators to furnish his office immedi-ately with the answers to the following
questions;
1. Name of your operation and ltaheadquarters.
2. Number of eligible vehicles (a) Inactive operation; (b) the use made Ofsuch vehicle; (c) where each such vehicleIs registered.
8. Location of one or more local ration-ing boards with which you prefer to file
applications for emergency certificates.(If a fleet operator prefers to make allapplications to a local board nearest hisheadquarters, this should be so 6tated.If the use of several boards Is planned,the location of each should be given. ItIs desirable that operators choose boardswhich have inspectors available nearbyto inspect tires declared to be unfit forfurther use.)
4. What is your average monthly require-ment of tires and tubes for eligible vehiclesfrom each local board?
5. State the number of new and usabletires and tubes not now on "running"wheels, but in your possession. (Note.—This answer should state aU tires and tubes,including spares, whether mounted ornot.)
6. State the number of retreaded andrecapped tires not now on running wheels,but in possession of the operator. Thisanswer also must list all retreads and re-caps, including spares, whether mountedof hot.
7. How many Ineligible vehicles are Inyour fleet (a) in active operation; (b) notIn active operation.
8. Estimate the approximate date onwhich new tires and tubes will be requiredfor your eligible vehicles.
Answers should be addressed to the
Rubber and Rubber Products Section,
Office of Price Administration, Sixth andIndependence Ave., Washington, D. C.
WPB limits percentage of new rubber
in 10 classes of essential products
Seeking greater conservation of the
country's precious stocks of crude rubber,
the War Production Board laid down onFebruary 11 stringent rules for manu-facturers to follow in making various
essential rubber products.
Issuing the first order of its kind, Sup-plementary Order M-15-b-l, WPB out-
lined specifications limiting the percent-
ages of crude rubber in mixtures used to
make these products. Savings of at least
25,000 tons of rubber a year are expected
to be achieved by the program.The specifications, while technical,
have a simple purpose: to save rubberwithout sacrificing safety.
Most of saving in tires
Most of the savings—at least 10,000
tons annually—will be accomplished un-der the specifications for tires and tubes
and capping stock for civilian use. Therewill be approximately 15 percent less
new rubber in civilian tires. Separatespecifications are set forth for tires andtubes to fill war orders.
The result may be to lessen the life,
but not the safety, of tires and tubes,
rubber coats used by firemen and police-
men, rubber boots and overshoes, gymshoes, and other designated products.
The service to be obtained from these
goods will depend largely upon the care
given them. Unless the user employscare, he cannot expect to get normalwear and service.
Ten classes covered
The specifications, drafted by technical
experts in the rubber and rubber prod-ucts branch after weeks of study andconsultation with Industry engineers, are
but a preliminary step in a plan to regu-
late the consumption of crude rubber in
almost all rubber products. The initial
order covers the following 10 classes:
Hose and tubes ; conveyor, elevator, andflat transmission belts; occupational andprotective clothing; jar rings; tennis andgym shoes; waterproof boots, pacs, arc-
tics, gaiters, and overshoes; tires, cas-
ings, tubes, and retreading materials;
bicycle tires; fire hose and mill hose; andtires, casings, and tubes to fill designatedwar orders.
Bicycle tires and boots
As an example of the drastic revisions
made in manufacturing practices, the or-
der prohibits use of more than V/2ounces of crude rubber in a bicycle tire,
complete with tube. Manufacturers
have been using approximately 17
ounces.
The specifications limit severely theamount of rubber that can be put intovarious types of boots and overshoes, andstate that they can be made only in
black. Approximately V2 pound of newrubber can be used per pair, as comparedwith a customary % pound.
Firemen's clothing lighter
Firemen and policemen will have to
wear protective clothing of a lighter typethan that now in use, but they will havethe safety that they now enjoy.
Manufacturers are given time in whichto alter their methods to conform withthe new requirements. Although the or-
der is effective immediately, some of the
specifications do not have to be adopteduntil March 2. The specifications oncivilian tires took effect February 16,
and those on capping stock were to beadhered to as of February 11.
• * *
Protest if sugar rises more
than a cent for 5 pounds over
early December—Henderson
Consumers who find sugar prices at re-
tail stores much more than 1 cent higher
on a 5-pound bag than in the first weekof December 1941, should protest to the
storekeeper, OPA Administrator Hender-son advised February 7.
"Any increase much greater than that
Is profiteering pure and simple," he de-
clared.
Since the outbreak of the war, the Office
of Price Administration has allowed anincrease in the refiners' selling price,
amounting to 20 cents per hundred
pounds of sugar. At the same time the
refined sugar schedule was modified to
provide for a few minor adjustments in
wholesalers' margins and to adjust pro-
visions for freight absorption. "There
is. In general, no justification for a retail
advance of more than 1 cent per 5 pounds,
except in a few localities where the other
adjustments apply," Mr. Hendersonstated.
Maximum retail prices will have to be
set on sugar unless prices are voluntarily
kept in bounds, Mr. Henderson an-nounced.
10 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
OPA sets makers' February 2 list prices as
ceilings on mechanical refrigerators
Existing prices for mechanical house-
hold refrigerators are established as the
maximums that may be charged by man-ufacturers in a new price schedule issued
February 9 by OPA Administrator Hen-derson.
Existing arrangements formalized
The new schedule formalizes existing
arrangements whereby all mechanical re-
frigerator manufacturers, excepting Gen-eral Electric Co. and the Frigidaire Divi-
sion of General Motors Corporation hadreceived OPA approval of their 1942 model
price lists. General Electric and Frigid-
aire had agreed with OPA to continue to
sell at 1941 prices until required data for
1942 model prices was submitted for ap-
proval.
Exceptions to schedule
The schedule adopts as maximumprices the manufacturers' list prices in
effect on February 2, 1942, excepting in
the case of General Electric and Frigid-
aire, as noted above. The 1942 price lists
of these two manufacturers are expected
to be submitted for OPA approval in the
near future.
"Private brand" refrigerators, i. e.,
those made under contract for sale
through large distributors under private
trade names, are given maximum prices
based on outstanding manufacturing con-
tracts in effect on February 2, 1942.
"Net price quoted" for ceiling
While it is not believed that many newrefrigerator models will be introduced in
the face of the serious shortage in mate-
rials, a method Is provided by whichmaximum prices will be set by OPA in
the event that new models are contem-
plated.
The schedule uses "net price quoted''
to describe the ceiling levels and defines
that term as "the actual price, exclusive
of Federal excise tax, but including
charges for warranty (guarantee of per-
formance) and cooperative advertising,
to be received by the manufacturer,
f. o. b. seller's point of shipment, or de-
livered to the purchaser, whichever the
price list specifies."
Producers affected
Refrigerator producers who have hadtheir 1942 model prices approved by OPAInclude : Crosley Corporation, Cincinnati
;
Nash-Kelvinator Corporation (Kelvinator
Division), Detroit; Gibson Electric Re-frigerator Corporation, Greenville, Mich.;
Philco Corporation (Refrigerator Divi-
sion (Philadelphia; Borg-Warner Corpo-
ration (Norge Division), Detroit; Stew-
art-Warner Corporation, Indianapolis;
Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing
Co., Springfield, Mass.; and Servel Cor-
poration, Evansville, Ind.
Manufacturers are required to submit
to OPA on or before February 25, 1942,
a report on all models currently offered
for sale and the maximum price set for
each in accordance with the schedule.
• * •
Cast-iron soil pipe, needed
for building, put under ceiling
Increased demand for the product in
defense housing and new factory con-
struction, which has been stimulated by
war activities, caused the issuance Febru-
ary 7 of Price Schedule No. 100 for cast-
iron soil pipe and fittings, OPA Adminis-
trator Henderson announced. Theschedule is effective February 20, 1942.
The schedule establishes maximumprices for most items of pipe and fittings
and governs all sales of these products
by manufacturers and distributors.
While the schedule adopts the Bir-
mingham basing point system which nowis in use by the industry, the OPA has
stated expressly that it is neither ap-
proving nor disapproving the single bas-
ing point pricing plan.
Ceiling in terms of discounts off list
Ceiling prices are established in the
schedule in terms of minimum discounts
from the standard revised price list which
the industry has been using since 1936.
The minimum discount for 2-inch to 6-
inch extra heavy pipe Is 52 y2 points off
list for carload shipments and 10-ton
shipments by truck. Prices for other
sizes of pipe and for fittings maintain
the same differentials as have prevailed
during the last 6 months. These dis-
counts are to contractors. It is expected
that wholesalers and jobbers will con-
tinue to obtain their usual discounts
from the base.
The schedule allows freight from Bir-
mingham, Ala., to be computed on the
basis of Y4 point off list for every 25 cents
per ton of freight. This provision pre-
serves normal industry practices.
Make "Victory" refrigerator
in a few plants, use rest
for war, WPB is urged
The making of a limited number of
"Victory" refrigerators in a few plants
and the immediate and complete conver-
sion to war production of all other refrig-
erator factories in the country has been
proposed by union representatives, Sid-
ney Hillman, labor director of the WarProduction Board, announced recently.
The proposal was made at a meeting of
the Labor Advisory Committee for the
domestic refrigerator industry to Jesse
Maury, chief of the WPB consumers'
durable goods branch. Present at the
meeting were representatives of the CIOand AFL unions having membership in
the factories making refrigerators and
members of various WPB divisions and
of the Office of Price Administration.
The committee suggested that Mr.
Maury determine a fixed yearly produc-
tion quota of a thoroughly simplified
and standardized refrigerator, on the
basis of available supplies and minimumconsumer needs. According to the com-mittee's plans this would then be allot-
ted to the fewest plants required to turn
them out on a 24-hour-a-day, 7-day-a-
week schedule. The entire balance of the
industry should then be required by the
WPB to convert to war production, the
committee proposed, with the earliest
possible deadline set.
The use of the "Victory" label on the
proposed cut-down, simplified refriger-
ator is to prevent the few firms licensed
to produce it from having an economic
advantage over the rest of the industry
after the war is won, members of the
committee explained.
• * •
OPA sees no general change for
steel mill products, 1st quarter
The Office of Price Administration
does not now foresee general changes in
the prices of steel mill products affecting
deliveries during the second quarter of
1942, it was announced February 7. This
announcement was made in response to
inquiries from the Navy Department re-
sulting from Its desire to obtain firm
commitments on direct purchases of
steel.
A longer-run policy with reference to
pricing of steel products was to be dis-
cussed fully with a meeting of industry
representatives to be called by the OPAin the immediate future.
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 11
Contract sales prices of
petroleum products extended
to March 1 ; other adjustments
Prices for domestic sales of petroleum
products in contracts signed prior to
November 10, 1941, and for export sales
of these products covered in contracts
signed prior to January 20, 1942, maybe maintained until March 1, 1942, under
Amendment No. 2 to Price Schedule No.
88 for petroleum and petroleum prod-
ucts, OPA Administrator Henderson an-
nounced February 8.
To give industry more time
Other sale prices also are affected by
a change in date of accepted published
posted prices used for determination of
the price ceilings.
The amendment was issued as a result or
conferences of Mr. Henderson's office withrepresentatives of Petroleum CoordinatorHarold L. Ickes' Petroleum Industry WarCouncil. Mr. Ickes suggested a temporarydeferment of Price Schedule No. 88, issuedFebruary 2, setting ceiling prices generallyat the October 1, 1941 level, Insofar as it
affects delivery of refined products undercertain contracts. This deferment will givethe Industry time to adjust its price struc-ture so as to comply with the maximumprices issued February 2.
The maximum prices for oil are not affectedby the amendment. Prices for refined prod-ucts, however, are restored, until March 1,
to the basis outlined in a general letter tomembers of the petroleum industry from Mr.Henderson's office on January 17, effectiveuntil the issuance of Price Schedule No. 88.
On other than contract sales
On other than contract sales, under theschedule, prices were set as "the lowest pricespublished in the October 2, 1941, Issue ofPiatt's digram and the Chicago Journal ofCommerce or the October 8, 1941, Issue of theNational Petroleum News." Under Amend-ment No. 2, sales are permitted up to andincluding March 1, 1942, under these provi-sions:
The maximum price of each product sold,
contracted to be sold, delivered or trans-ferred by a seller shall be the lowest quotedprice published In the first issue after No-vember 7, 1941, of the National PetroleumNews, Piatt's Ollgram, or the Chicago Jour-nal of Commerce, for a product of the sameclass, kind, type, condition, and grade.
When prices cannot be determined by theposted quotations, sellers are permitted tosell such products at the market prices pre-vailing at the time of sale, providing thatnotice of such prices or sales are furnishedto OPA within 10 days after the sales.
• * *
McFetridge appointed to
printing, publishing branch
Appointment of Lyle Walker McFet-ridge, circulation director of the Tulsa,
Okla., World-Tribune, as circulation spe-
cialist in the newspaper section of the
printing and publishing branch was an-
nounced February 2.
STEADY PRICES ON PLUMBING
ASKED PENDING CONFERENCES
Thirty-three manufacturers of vitre-
ous china and enameled cast-iron plumb-
ing fixtures and 23 manufacturers o£
cast-iron boilers and radiators have been
asked In telegrams sent February 12 by
OPA Administrator Henderson, to main-tain present prices and to withhold
threatened increases pending meetings
with the industries called for February
18 and February 20.
Prices of both types of products have
increased sporadically within the last 3
months, some manufacturers reportedly
agreeing to a general 15 percent price
Increase.
As a result of these reports, OPAstarted studies of both these branches of
the plumbing supply industry. These
studies indicated that the proposed in-
creases, if permitted, would have a cha-
otic effect upon the building industry.
Mr. Henderson warned that if these re-
quests were not observed by members of
the industry, OPA would issue a tempo-
rary price schedule, freezing present
prices until completion of the industry
study.
• * •
Domestic oil storage tanks
subject to price schedule
Maximum prices for domestic fuel oil
storage tanks, indispensable to domestic
oil burner installations, are established
by Price Schedule No. 96, announced Feb-
ruary 7 by OPA Administrator Hender-
son. The schedule becomes effective on
February 20, 1942.
Ceiling prices apply to all sales of tanks
in which the seller does not install the
tank by connecting it with an oil burner.
Maximum prices for tanks delivered in
the East are delivered prices and include
lugs. Prices for tanks delivered in the
Midwest and Far West are f . o. b. factory
prices, and in the Far West include lugs.
Typical prices for a carload shipment
of 26 inch, 16 gage steel, 275 gallon nom-inal capacity tank, are $17.35 in the East,
$17.70 in the Midwest and $31.95 in the
Far West.
The schedule requires every manufac-
turer to affix to tanks produced by himdurable labels setting forth the name of
the manufacturer, the size and capacity
of the tank and the gage of steel used.
These labels will enable purchasers to
compute the maximum prices applicable
to all tanks.
Plumbing, heating industry
ordered to simplify valves
to save vital materials
The War Production Board February12 ordered the plumbing and heating in-
dustry to simplify the manufacture of
iron, brass, and bronze valves in an effort
to save critical materials and dispose of
slow-moving inventories.
Others to follow
The order, L-42, will be followed by aseries of amendments requiring simpli-
fication of many other items manufac-tured by the plumbing and heating in-
d u s t r y. Manufacturing specifications
for these products were worked out bythe plumbing and heating branch after
long study with industry representatives
and with the Bureau of Standards andother interested Government agencies.
To relieve production lines
The principal purpose of the order is
to relieve production lines from the bur-
den of items that are not used generally,
and to concentrate on items that are in
general demand. The program will re-
sult in elimination of nonessential sizes,
types, forms, and specifications. At
present, the Bureau of Standards has
been recommending simplified proce-
dures to various manufacturers, but
there has been no mandatory control.
Schedule I to Limitation Order L-42
sets forth specifications for the manu-facture of iron, brass, and bronze valves,
and provides that no valves which do
not conform to the standards can be
produced after March 1. Exceptions are
granted for deliveries of valves which
already were in stock or had been pro-
cessed before March 1.
• * •
All direct mill shipments of
Douglas fir plywood covered
All direct mill shipments are brought
under present ceiling prices and sellers
are permitted to use estimated weights
in computing delivery charges, under
amendment No. 2 to Price Schedule No.
13 for Douglas fir plywood, announced
February 10 by OPA. The amendmentbecomes effective February 20, 1942.
Investigations indicate that whole-
salers in some areas were departing from
industry practices by selling at prices
above those quoted by manufacturers.
(A discount for wholesalers selling direct
mill shipments has prevailed in the
industry.)
12 • VICTORY * February 17, 1942
Multivitamin pills limited to 5,
A units each—that's all you can absorb
The War Production Board acted Feb-
ruary 10 to conserve vitamin A for
human consumption.
Mostly imported
The main source of vitamin A has
been fish liver oils. Supplies from Nor-
way and Japan before the war accounted
for approximately 75 percent of the total
consumed in the United States. Vitamin
A is found also in several vegetables and
in dairy products.
Vitamin A is essential for maintaining
good eyesight and as such is especially
essential for the Air Corps. A deficiency
of it often causes "night blindness."
Vitamin A also aids in building up re-
sistance against infection.
Order restricts use
The order (L-40) issued February 10:
1. Pro„ibits, beginning February 10, themanufacture of multivitamin tablets, cap-sules, pills, or liquids, containing more than5,000 units of vitamin A in the largest daily
dose recommended by the label or accompany-ing instructions.
In explanation of this prohibition, theWPB health supplies branch pointed out that
competent medical authority states the aver-
age human body cannot absorb more than6,000 units of vitamin A per day.
2. The above restrictions do not apply to
preparations containing only vitamin A, or
Vitamin C price checked
after speculative resales
Mounting prices asked by some re-
sellers for vitamin C (ascorbic acid)—in
some cases double those charged by the
producers—caused OPA on February 11
to issue Price Schedule No. 104 for
Vitamin C.
The schedule, which became effective
February 16, 1942, set price ceilings at
approximately the prevailing prices.
Prices are set for producers and primary
jobbers and for resellers. The quantities
in which retailers ordinarily deal are not
covered by the schedule. No consider-
able quantity is sold at retail, however,
most retail sales of Vitamin C being madein compounded forms not covered by the
schedule.
Vitamin C is vital to the development
of sound bone structure. It is found in
fresh fruits and raw vegetables, but that
used in therapy mainly is a synthetic
product.
preparations containing vitamins A and Dwhere the vitamin A potency Is 25,000 units ormore in the recommended daily dosage. Sucha preparation is intended as a therapeuticdose for persons suffering from an unusualinsufficiency of vitamin A, in which cases thebody can absorb more than 5,000 units perday.
3. Prohibits, beginning February 10, theuse or dilution for use In the manufactureof feed of fish-liver oil with a potency of
more than 12,000 units of vitamin A pergram. The reason for this prohibition is toconserve for human consumption fish-liver
oil having a high potency. The feed referredto means natural or artificial feedstuffs orrations for poultry, cattle, fur-bearing, orother animals.
4. Prohibits, beginning April 10, the manu-facture or preparation of feeds which in theform recommended for consumption containmore than 1,000 units of vitamin A per pound,derived from fish or fish liver oils.
The health supplies branch stated thatmany feeds today contain an excess of vita-
min A. This occurs where fish oils are usedfor their vitamin D content which is foundin combination with vitamin A in fish liver
oils. In such instances feed manufacturersmay fortify their product by adding syn-thetic vitamin D to make up the difference
caused by this restriction. It is believed also
this order should stimulate the productionof vitamin A from other than fish liver
sources such as carrots and alfalfa.
While other sections of the order be-
come effective February 10, the prohibi-
tion in No. 4 is deferred until April 10 in
order to give feed manufacturers time
in which to make whatever changes in
formulae are required by the order.
WPB freezes agar supplies
except for germ media
The War Production Board February 9
froze all agar supplies in this country in
the hands of all persons having more than
50 pounds in their possession.
Agar is a jelly-like substance extracted
from seaweeds. Its most essential use
is as a culture in growing bacteria. It is
also used in laxatives, emulsifiers, candy,
ice cream, and in dental forms.
Prior to June 1941 the major part of
this country's supply came from Japan.
Small quantities have also been received
from China and Java. A small amount
is manufactured in California.
The February 9 order, General Pref-
erence Order M-96, prohibits the pur-
chase or sale of agar, from or by per-
sons having more than 50 pounds in their
possession, except as specifically ordered
by the Director of Industry Operations or
for use in bacteriological media.
Ceiling put on citric acid
as some resale prices climb
to triple producer's level
Because speculation in citric acid
—
widely used in pharmaceutical manu-facture and in food and beverage
flavoring—has led to resales of this com-modity at prices more than three times
prices quoted by producers, Price Sched-ule No. 101 covering this product hasbeen issued, OPA Administrator Hender-son announced February 7. The sched-
ule was effective as of February 16, 1942.
Price ceilings established for sales of
5 pounds or more are set for producers
and primary jobbers and for resellers
such as wholesale drug companies.
Conferences with producers, resellers,
and exporters of the product and with
other Government agencies developed
the fact that no justifiable reasons exist
for producers and primary jobbers charg-
ing more than 20 cents per pound or for
resellers or exporters charging morethan 26 and 28 cents per pound, respec-
tively, for sales of U. S. P. granular citric
acid in carload lots.
These maximum prices for producers
and primary jobbers and prices set for
smaller quantities, are f. o. b. producer's
or primary jobber's shipping point, with
freight equalized at the rate for a ship-
ment of identical quantity over standard
routes from these points: Boston, Phila-
delphia, Baltimore, New York City, Port-
land, Oreg., and Seattle.
Prices for sales by producers and pri-
mary jobbers of citric acid produced in
the United States and delivered fromlocal stocks maintained in Chicago or
St. Louis are the maximums as listed,
plus one-half cent per pound, f. o. b. the
warehouse in whichever city from which
the actual shipment is made.
• * *
Don't raise net price of soles
because of rubber tax, OPA asks
Manufacturers of rubber shoe products
were requested February 7 by OPA Ad-ministrator Henderson not to increase
their net prices on heels and soles, as aresult of Treasury Decision 5107. This
decision, issued by the Bureau of Internal
Revenue, applies a 10-percent tax on
rubber products to such heels and soles.
OPA will not object, however, to spe-
cific addition of the amount of the tax
actually paid on any item, provided it is
billed separately.
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 13
Aspirin under ceiling;
mark-ups from 40 cents
to $1.50 are reported
Speculatively high prices in aspirin
—
not the familiar little white tablets, but
acetyl salicylic acid, raw material base
for the tablets and many other reme-
dies—caused the issuance February 7 of
Price Schedule No. 99, according to anannouncement by Price Administrator
Henderson. The schedule became effec-
tive February 16, 1942.
The schedule sets maximum prices
for producers, primary jobbers, andwholesale druggists at levels prevailing
since 1939. It is designed to stop or
forestall excessive prices in the "second-
hand market," where speculation is re-
ported to have brought excessive quota-
tions.
In some instances, resellers are report-
ed to have charged $1.50 per pound for a
product for which the producer charged
only 40 cents per pound.
Investigations and conferences re-
vealed that no justifiable reasons exist
for producers and primary jobbers to
charge prices in excess of the prevailing
price of 40 cents per pound, or for re-
sellers and exporters to charge prices in
excess of 52 cents and 56 cents respec-
tively, for acetyl salicylic acid, either
powdered or in crystals, for sales of large
quantities.
The price schedule establishes ceilings
for aspirin in different grades, contain-
ers, and quantities.
* * •
Ceiling put on salicylic acid
to check mounting resale prices
Quotations by some resellers of sali-
cylic acid at prices three times those of
producers for comparable grades andquantities caused the issuance of Price
Schedule No. 103, according to OPA Ad-ministrator Henderson.
The schedule, which became effective
February 16, 1942, set prices for pro-
ducers and primary jobbers and for
wholesalers at levels prevailing at that
time. The schedule does not apply to
the quantities ordinarily sold by retailers.
Salicylic acid is used chiefly in the
manufacture of aspirin and other in-
ternal and external medicinals, in mak-ing chrome and khaki dyes and in
vulcanizing natural rubber. The acid
Itself is made from phenol, which is underallocation by the War Production Boardbecause of its importance in the produc-
tion of plastic and explosives.
U. S., CANADA COOPERATE
ON NEWSPRINT PRICES
The Canadian Wartime Prices andTrade Board and the Office of Price Ad-ministration of the United States •Gov-
ernment are cooperating on a joint pro-
gram for arriving at prices of newsprint
and related products, It was announcedFebruary 9. A meeting of the represent-
atives of the two bodies took place in
New York on January 29.
An immediate study of the bases for
second-quarter prices will be undertaken
In the two countries. On the basis of
these studies a definite announcementwill be made before April 1 at which time
second-quarter prices take effect.
Dealers asked not to
exceed usual mark-ups
on paper products
More than 1,000 merchants dealing In
fine paper have been asked by OPA Ad-ministrator Henderson not to exceed
manufacturers' prices plus OPA's mer-
chants' mark-ups on several converted
paper products, including gummed pa-
pers, plain envelopes, manila envelopes,
kraft envelopes, shipping tags and glazed
and plated papers.
Mark-ups permitted are comparable to
those generally used by the merchants.
Mr. Henderson's request went out in
letters February 10, Informing the mer-
chants that manufacturers' prices had
been frozen by OPA as of December 15,
last.
• * *
Three educators direct
State consumer programs
Three nationally known educators
have been appointed by the governors of
three New England States to direct the
wartime consumer programs of the State
defense councils, it was announced Feb-
ruary 11 by Dan A. West, director of
the Consumer Division, OPA.
Professor Wesley Alba Sturges of
Yale, Dr. John J. Mahoney of Boston
University, and Dr. C. Emanuel Ekstrom
of Brown have been loaned by their uni-
versities to" direct the consumer pro-
grams of Connecticut, Massachusetts,
and Rhode Island, respectively.
Get used to sugar ration
now, West urges—many
don't use that much anyway
Every household in the Nation should
get itself into the sugar ration habit nowbefore the Government's rationing plan
goes into effect, Dan A. West, director
of the Consumer Division of the Office
of Price Administration, advised Febru-ary 13. He also urged consumers whohave hoarded large supplies of sugar to
"divvy up" with their friends and neigh-
bors.
"Rationing means 'share and sharealike,'" Mr. West said, "and if we're
really serious about sharing the burdensof this war fairly, here's a good chancefor us to begin doing it in our communi-ties."
By "divvying up" sugar supplies with
friends and neighbors now, Mr. Westsaid, those who have stocked up heavily
can help lessen the strain on retail stores
and avoid the embarrassment of having
many stamps removed from their ration
books at the time of registration.
• • *
Warehouse charges clarified for
imported cocoa, coffee, pepper
In response to trade inquiries, the
Office of Price Administration has clari-
fied the warehouse charge provisions
contained in the price schedules for three
large imported commodities—cocoa, cof-
fee, and pepper—Administrator Hender-son announced February 8.
Cocoa, coffee, and pepper received at
any port of entry may be warehoused
in any part of continental United States,
and the cost of "putting the commodity in
warehouse" may be added by the seller
who actually incurs this cost, OPA ruled.
This phrase specifically includes labor,
in and out charges, and the 30 days'
storage charges. OPA explained that
the cost of transporting from dock to
warehouse was inherent in the phrase
"cost of putting the commodity in the
warehouse" and did not require specific
mention. It may therefore be added by
the seller in determining his maximum,prioes together with those specifically
mentioned, but only if the seller himself
incurred the cost.
• • *
MORE OPA NEWS,
PAGES 14, 20, 21, 22, 23
14 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
Generating plant responsible
for segregating aluminum scrap
vital to war factories
Segregation of all grades of aluminumalloy scrap generated by plants is vital
to the war production program, the
aluminum and magnesium branch, WPB,announced February 11, in an explana-
tion of Order M-l-d which requires seg-
regation.
The order is not intended, it was
pointed out, to interfere with the normal
and useful functions of the scrap dealer,
but to center responsibility for proper
segregation in the plant generating the
scrap.
Collection of scrap outside of plants
continues to be a function of the dealer.
They also may purchase mixed plant
scrap from plants, and segregated scrap
coming from plants which generate less
than 1,000 pounds per month. The order
requires, however, that the dealer sell
all such scrap to a producer or approved
smelter. If he does not collect sufficient
scrap in the regular course of business
to make it practicable to sell directly to
a producer or approved smelter, he mayresell to another dealer.
Cooperation of all dealers is sought to
maintain proper segregation while the
aluminum is in their hands.
The principal departure from estab-
lished scrap practice is the provision re-
garding segregated plant scrap in excess
of 1,000 pounds a month.
* * *
Colors for auto tags, highway
markings will he limited
Next year's auto license plates prob-
ably will be limited to black and white
and domestic earth colors, such as red
oxides, ocher, umber, sienna, and a small
amount of iron blue, the protective coat-
ings industry advisory committee has
been told.
Yeliow traffic markings on streets andhighways also are on their way out.
Emergency specifications that contain noChrome yellow pigment are being dis-
cussed by WPB officials and the industry.
White paints with a high reflectance
value will be substituted.
Eoth moves are a part of the pigmentconservation program designed to set upspecifications which will contain a mini-
mum of strategic raw materials.
Premiums to be allowed for over-quota copper,
lead, zinc output from February 1 onRules by which United States mine
operators may obtain premium prices
for over-quota production of copper,
lead, and zinc were announced February
9 by Materials Director Batt and OPAAdministrator Henderson.
Premium prices of 17 cents per poundfor copper, 11 cents for zinc, and 9%cents for lead will be paid by the Metals
Reserve Co., for a period of 2'/2 years
beginning February 1, 1942. Should the
emergency end before the termination
date, Metals Reserve Company has re-
served the right to terminate this ar-
rangement on equitable terms.
The premiums will apply to all over-
quota production after February 1, 1942,
regardless of when tonnage quotas are
announced and actual payments begin.
By continuing meanwhile to ship through
ordinary channels, producers will be as-
sured premium prices for over-quota
production.
Quotas will be established by mines
or groups of mines, rather than by com-
panies, In order to avoid any possibility
that expenditures for expansion of oneproperty might be deterred by uncer-
tainties as to future production from onemine or group of mines of the samecompany.Companies which own two or more
properties must account for any material
deorease below quota of any one prop-
erty. If it shall appear that such a de-
crease was due to avoidable circum-
stances, quotas of all properties of the
company will be combined and premiumspaid only to the extent that total pro-
duction exceeds the total company quota.
Purpose of the plan is to expand out-
put of copper, lead, and zinc. because of
their importance in the production of
armaments.In general, quotas will be fixed to in-
clude all output that can reasonably be
expected, at established market prices
for the metals of 12 cents per pound for
copper, 8.25 cents for zinc and 6.50 cents
for lead.
Iron and steel scrap
regulations revised
Revisions of certain portions of Price
Schedule No. 4 (Iron and Steel Scrap)
are contained in Amendment No. 14 an-
nounced February 10 by OPA Adminis-
trator Henderson. Amendment waseffective February 9, 1942.
Five particular features highlight the
new amendment:
1. The maximum shipping point price for
No. 1 Heavy Melting Steel at shipping pointswithin the Boston switching district is $15.05
per gross ton, f. o. b. cars, or f. a. s. vessel,
or, where delivery to the consumer Is solely
by motor vehicle, loaded on such vehicle.
2. "Unprepared scrap" is clarified by defini-
tion as excluding objects requiring dis-
mantling, such as bridges, boxcars, andgraveyard automobiles. Latter must bepriced so as to permit prepared scrap to bedelivered to the consumer within the maxi-mum delivered prices established In theschedule.
3. Where scrap is delivered solely by motorvehicle, in other than a public carrier, theamount of transportation charges that maybe added to the shipping point price is still
to be computed in terms of the rail carloadrate formula introduced in the February 2amendment, but need not fall below $1 pergross ten. Previous minimum was $1.50 pergross ton.
4. Provision allowing consumers to purchaseunprepared "remote" scrap and designate adealer to prepare it at a maximum prepara-tion fee of $2.50 per gross ton has been revisedso as to be limited to purchases in rail car-
load lots.
5. Maximum prices for bundles containingtin-coated material, are defined more clearly.
Building of tin smelter sped
by higher rating for materials
The United States tin smelter now un-
der construction in Texas will be rushed
to completion with the assistance of anA-l-a rating for materials, J. S. Knowl-
son, Director of Industry Operations, an-
nounced February 12.
An amendment to the builder's serial
number, under Order P-19-a, was issued
raising the preference rating for the proj-
ect from A-l-b. This will permit more
rapid delivery for certain necessary items
which have been ordered but are not yet
delivered. Delivery dates on these items
are protected.
The plant, which was started as an
18,000-ton smelter, has been increased to
52,000 tons capacity and may be increased
further. It will process Bolivian tin ore,
as well as concentrates from Malaya and
the Netherlands Indies received since the
outbreak of hostilities in the Pacific.
While Bolivian ore is not expected in
sufficient volume to keep the smelter in
full operation over a long period it has
a large supply of ore on hand and any
further reshuffling of military forces
around the world may result in concen-
trates from other areas reaching this
country.
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 15
CONSERVATION . . .
Can collection planned in five areas for
copper refining and for detinning test
Plans were announced February 7 for
the construction of three plants in the
Southwest, where used tin cans will be
prepared for a leaching process in the
precipitation of copper from mines. TheDefense Plants Corporation, a subsidiary
of the Reconstruction Finance Corpora-
tion, has allocated approximately $175,000
for construction of the plants in the vi-
cinity of Dallas and Houston, Tex. and
Kansas City, Mo.In order that the new plants be assured
of a plentiful supply of tin cans, the Bu-
reau of Industrial Conservation has
urged the mayors of the three cities where
the plants will be built, as well as heads
of many neighboring municipalities, to
launch local can collection campaigns.
Paul C. Cabot, deputy chief of the Bu-
reau of Industrial Conservation, empha-
sized that the copper-producing process
has no bearing on detinning of cans for
the reclamation of tin and steel.
To produce 2,000 tons a month
The new plants, which are expected to
be ready for operation by the middle of
the coming summer, will clean and shred
the tin cans, after which the metal will
be shipped to copper mines. There mine
waters, containing copper sulphate, flow-
ing over the shredded metal, produce
copper equal in amount to the quantity
of metal used. It is estimated that the
mines using the processed cans will pro-
duce approximately 2,000 tons of copper
per month.At the same time that he outlined the
proposed can collection of the South-
western cities, Mr. Cabot announced that
similar collections would be inaugurated
in the immediate future in the Pitts-
burgh and Sewaren, N. J., areas. In both
those sections, it was explained, there
are detinning plants, which process the
cans and reclaim both tin and steel. Thegeneral public in those areas will be
urged to save used cans, which will be
collected at regular intervals by munici-
pal trucks and moved to the detinning
plants, which will buy the collections
from the municipalities.
If the "test" campaigns in the Pitts-
burgh and Sewaren areas prove success-
ful, the Bureau will consider methods of
setting up machinery for similar collec-
tions in other cities, and for the transpor-
tation of the salvaged material to cities
where there are detinning plants.
Although there has been widespread
public discussion of salvaging tin cans,
the Bureau has discouraged the idea, Mr.
Cabot explained, largely because of the
limited number of detinning plants.
Until the results of the efforts in Pitts-
burgh and Sewaren are revealed, it wasstressed, only residents of those sections
will be asked to give their support to the
undertaking.
* * •
A war parodox
DEMAND FOR EXPLOSIVES
MAY ASSURE PLENTY OF SOAP
There is likely to be enough soap in
1942 to scrub this land and most of
the things in it—because of the mili-
tary demand for explosives made from
glycerine.
Glycerine, one of the most vital prod-
ucts in a war economy, will be produced
to the greatest extent possible during the
coming year to supply powder and nitro-
glycerine plants with a principal in-
gredient. Soap manufacturers will work
their plants to the limit of supplies to
do this, and soap itself may be regarded
as a byproduct of this manufacturing.
The tallow and animal fats that nor-
mally provide the bulk of glycerine
origination will have additional help
from conservation measures. Everyhousewife in the Nation will soon have a
chance to aid through a concerted effort
in saving glycerine-content garbage, and
not making her own soap. A salvage
campaign to collect and extract the
glycerine from food fats, grease, lubri-
cants and table scraps is expected to add
materially to supplies for United States
and lend-lease requirements.
A complication of the supply problem
is the loss of the Philippine source of
cocoanut oil, which bulked large in the
world cocoanut oil production that pre-
viously accounted for manufacturing
one-third of all our glycerine.
Stocks of copra from cocoanuts,
babassu and palm kernel nuts are being
marshalled so that with transportation
from Latin America, the South Seas, and
Africa, they can meet the needs of soap
producerg.
Mills processing copper get
priorities on repair,
maintenance supplies
Mills which roll, draw, or extrude cop-
per or copper-base alloys have been given
special priority assistance to obtain re-
pair, maintenance, and operating sup-
plies by Preference Rating Order P-106,
announced February 9 by the Division
of Industry Operations.
High ratings for repairs
.
The order assigns emergency ratings
of A-l-a and A-l-c to deliveries of mate-
rial necessary to repair or avert a break-
down or suspension of operations and
a rating of A-3 to deliveries of material
which will be used for repair, mainte-
nance, or operation of brass or wire mills,
subject to the restrictions contained in
the order.
The priority assistance granted by Prefer-
ence Bating Order P-106 may be used onlyby mills to which a copy of the order hasbeen specifically addressed, with a serial num-ber, or by suppliers of such mills who haveexecuted the required form of acceptance.Mills desiring to take advantage of termsof the order should apply for its use on FormPD-258, to be forwarded to the War Pro-duction Board, Ref: P-106.
Not for suppliers
When a copy of order P-106 has been issued
to a mill with a serial number, the mill shouldsend a copy of the order with an attachedform of acceptance to each of his suppliers.
The higher ratings assigned by the order
may not be extended, but a supplier whohas been served with a copy of the order
and has executed the acceptance may him-self apply the A-3 rating on his purchaseorders for material to be delivered to the mill
under any of the ratings in accordance withthe terms of the order. Neither the A-l-anor A-l-c rating may be used by a supplier.
The A-3 rating may be used by a sup-
plier to replace in his inventory mate-
rials delivered to a mill in accordance
with the terms of the order, provided that
his inventory Is kept to a practicable
working minimum.
Suppliers who do not manufacture,
process, or assemble such material mayaccumulate or "basket" rated orders upto a period of 3 months, until they can
place a purchase order or contract for
the minimum quantity procurable on his
customary terms. Suppliers who do man-ufacture, process, or assemble materials
must apply the rating before or at the
time they fill the rated orders.
Mills and suppliers which operate un-
der the terms of Order P-100 must keep
such records and make such reports ao
may be required by the War Production
Board.
16 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
LABOR ...
Board hands down first decisions,
on aluminum and fishing boat issues;
gets 2 agreements and 13 new cases
The National War Labor Board last
week successfully met the first defiance
of its authority, and also handed down
its first decision on the merits of a case,
narrowing the north-south differential
in the plants of the Aluminum Co. of
America and ordering night shift
bonuses for its New Kensington, Pa.,
plant. The Board also approved a volun-
tary maintenance of membership and
voluntary check-off unanimously recom-
mended by a panel of associate members
as a settlement formula for the union se-
curity dispute between the Marshall Field
Co. and the Textile Workers Union, CIO.
The important "Little Steel" contro-
versy, involving the Bethlehem Steel Cor-
poration, Republic Steel Corporation,
Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co., and
Inland Steel Co., and the Steel Workers
Organizing Committee, CIO, was set for
a hearing February 24 before a special
fact-finding panel composed of Arthur S.
Meyer, chairman of the New York State
Board of Mediation, Cyrus Ching, vice
president of the United States Rubber Co.,
and Richard T. Frankensteen, director
of aircraft organization, United Automo-
bile Workers, CIO. The negotiations,
which have been in progress since last
September, broke down over the union's
demands for union security and a $1 a
day wage increase.
Agreements were obtained in 2 cases
during the week and 2 cases were referred
to the full Board after hearings. A 1-day
hearing before the full Board was held
in the General Motors Corporation dis-
pute with the United Automobile Work-ers, CIO, and then recessed to a later
date. The Board also received certifica-
tion of 15 new cases.
Aluminum Co. of America
The dispute between Alcoa and the Alumi-num Workers of America, CIO, carried overto the National War Labor Board from theDefense Mediation Board's calendar, washeard for 2 days by the full Board the latterpart of January. The Board also had beforeIt a 111-page fact-finding report prepared atthe Mediation Board's request by Paul R.Hays, member of the New York State Boardof Mediation.A total of 18,925 men in 3 plants of the
company—Badin, N. C, Alcoa, Tenn., and NewKensington, Pa.—were involved in the dis-pute. The union had demanded complete
abolition of the 18- to 20-cent differential Inthe starting wage existing between the com-pany's southern and northern plants, and a10-cent bonus for all night shift workers at
the New Kensington plant.
The Board decided, 7-4, in favor of a 7 centsan hour increase for beginners with corre-
sponding adjustments for other employees at
the Badin and Alcoa plants, and 7-5 for a3 cents an hour bonus for the B shift (3 p. m.to 11 p. m.) , and a 5 cents an hour bonus for
the C shift (11 p. m. to 7 a. m.) at the NewKensington plant.
The majority opinion on the north-southdifferential question was written by Wayne L.
is listening
He wants to knowwhat Mi know
A WARNING to fighting men, war factoryworkers, and Government employees is car-ried on this red, white, and black posterdeveloped by the Office of Facts and Fig-ures. The poster is signed by the MilitaryIntelligence Division, War Department;Office of Naval Intelligence, Navy Depart-ment: and the Federal Bureau of l7ivesti-
gation. (Mats available for publication, onrequest to Distribution Section, Division
of Information, OEM, Washington, D. C.)
Morse, public member, and concurred in b;,
two other public members and four labor
members. In his opinion, Dean Morse said
in part that the majority was "satisfied fromthe record that a complete elimination of the
wage differential involved In this case wouldhave an undesirable disrupting effect at this
time on the general economy of the areas In
which the plants in question are located
... It Is Interesting to note that theemployer, public, and union members of theNational War Labor Board all agre"e that the
goal to seek is the elimination of the north-south wage differential but the groups differ
only as to the time rate at which the differ-
ential should be eliminated."The employer members, in a minority opin-
ion written by A. W. Hawkes, recommendedthat the differential should not be narrowedby more than 3 cents, though they proposed5 cents as a compromise with the final deci-sion.
On the other question, the majority opinionwas written by Frank P. Graham, publicmember, and concurred in by two other pub-lic and four industry members. Dr. Grahamheld that the company's opposition to payinga night-shift bonus at the New Kensingtonplant because of the accepted fact that suchpremium rates are not the prevailing customin the area "is not a tenable position. . . .
Night work tends to disrupt normal living
and often results in irregular eating andsleeping habits. The B shift comes duringthe hours when family life is at its best.
These are the hours when the children arehome from school. These are the hours of
the best social, athletic, recreational, andeducational programs. The C shift comesduring the hours when human beings havebecome accustomed to sleep by nature andnurture, by biological set and inheritance,
and by social and personal habit. Theworker during the night shifts has to sacri-
fice many of the values and satisfactions of
social, family, and personal life."
On this issue the minority, in an opinionwritten by Dean Morse and concurred in byfour labor members, held that the bonusshould be raised an additional 2 cents for
the B and C shifts and that those who workedthese shifts continuously should be granteda 10 cents per hour bonus.
Federated Fishing Boats
In a unanimous decision on the dispute
between the Federated Fishing Boats of NewEngland and New York, Inc., and the Atlantic
Fishermen's Union, AFL, the Board held that
the employers' "obvious lack of appreciationand understanding of the patriotic obligations
which they owe America today in keeping warproduction going" have made it impossible for
the Board to hold a hearing on the merits of
the dispute. Because of this defiance theBoard termed the controversy a "lock-out."
It had held up 50 boats and 300 fishermen in
Boston Harbor for the past month and re-
sulted in a loss of 19.000,000 pounds of fish.
In its decision, written by Dean Morse, the
Board ruled that "unless the employers in-
volved comply Immediately with the decision
of the National War Labor Board, their de-
fiance of said Board must be repudiated bypatriotic Americans and challenged by what-ever forces of Government may be necessary
to obtain compliance . .." It is to be
hoped that upon reflection and the exercise
of sober judgment the employer association
will proceed without delay to accept and fully
comply with the orders of the National WarLabor Board. The Government and the people
of America have a right to expect all em-ployers and labor organizations to cooperate
fully with the national understanding whichwas entered Into by labor and employer rep-
resentatives at the recent Presidential con-ference in which It was agreed that labor
disputes for the duration of the war wouldbe settled by peaceful means under the juris-
diction, if necessary, of the National WarLabor Board rather than by resort to economicforce.
"This country is at war, and the events in
that war to date make clear that we cannotcondone the conduct of any employer or
labor group in America that places its selfish
v/elfare above the Interest of the country."
On Saturday. February 14, 3 days after the
decision was made public, the employers notl-
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 17
fled the Board they would comply with thedecision and start normal operations begin-ning Monday. Dean Morse immediately tele-graphed them that the Board was "pleased tolearn" of this decision. The telegram alsosaid:
"In this time of great national danger suchacts of Industrial statesmanship are essential
•to the maintenance of that degree of indus-trial harmony so vital to a successful prose-cution of this war. The decision of theFederated Fishing Boats of New England andNew York, Inc.. to comply with the decisionof the National War Labor Board is bound tostrengthen the public's confidence in thegood faith of American employers and laborunions as shown by their willingness to abideby the terms of the understanding whichthey have entered into with the President ofthe United States to settle their labor con-troversies for the duration of the war byJudicial processes."
General Motors Corporation
The General Motors dispute with theUnited Automobile Workers, CIO, which in-volves 190,000 workers in 90 plants scat-tered over the country, came in for a 1-dayhearing before the full Board. The issue inthe case is the union's demand for doubletime for Sunday and holiday work to applyto all swing-shift workers regardless of thenumber of hours worked during the week.At the end of the hearing on February 10, thehearings were recessed until after the Boarddecides what procedure to follow In the case.
Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co.
In the Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co. case,
Garfield, N. J., involving 300 workers repre-sented by the International Association of
Machinists, AFL. the union's demand for aunion shop will be submitted to arbitrationin accordance with the agreement. The set-
tlement provides for a 5 cents an hour in-crease, a reclassification of wage rates, anda 10 cents an hour premium for the nightshift, all to be retroactive to December 16,
1941. This agreement was reached as a re-
sult of 5 days of hearings before Paul A.Dodd, associate public member of the Board.
Connor Lumber & Land Co.
All the issues in the dispute between theConnor Lumber and Land Co., Laona. Wis.,
and 500 workers represented by the Interna-tional Woodworkers of America, CIO. weresettled by agreement except for wages and^cations. The latter will be arbitrated bya board of three persons, one to be pickedby the union, one by the company and oneby the War Labor Board. The agreementwas the result of 2 days of hearings before apanel composed of Arthur E. Meyer, H. L.
Derby, and S. H. Dalrymple. It includes aclause providing for voluntary maintenanceof union membership and a voluntary check-off, provided that deductions shall not ex-ceed $1.50 per month.
Walker-Turner Co., Inc.
After 3 days of hearings In the disputebetween the Walker-Turner Co., Inc., Plain-field, N. J., and the United Electrical, Radioand Machine Workers of America, CIO, thepanel of associate Board members hearingthe case was unable to obtain an agreementand referred it to the full Board. Thereare 250 employees involved in the contro-versy, which arose over the union's demandsfor wage increases, union shop, overtime andholiday pay. No date has been set as yetfor the Board hearing.
In addition to the "Little Steel" cases theBoard received certification of 13 new dis-putes, as follows:
American Magnesium Co., Buffalo, N. Y.,and the United Mine Workers of America,CIO; Park Drop Forge Co., Cleveland, Ohio;and the United Automobile Workers, CIO;Murray Ohio Manufacturing Co., Cleveland,Ohio, and the United Automobile Workers,CIO; Bethlehem Shipbuilding Division, NewYork City, and Industrial Union of Marineand Shipbuilding Workers, CIO; PullmanStandard Car Manufacturing Co., Bessemer,Ala., and the International Association of
HILLMAN PRAISES RESULTS
OF AROUND-THE-CLOCK
SHIPBUILDING
West Coast shipyard workers andmanagement were commended Febru-ary 11 by WPB Labor Director Hillman,
for "setting a praiseworthy pace for all
war industries" during their first weekof around-the-clock operation underthe new Pacific zone agreement. (See
Victory, February 3.)
In a letter to John P. Frey, presi-
dent of the Metal Trades Department,
AFL, he cited the "patriotic andhighly constructive action" of the de-
partment and its affiliated metal trades
councils in formulating, together with
shipyard management, "a program for
continuous operation of Pacific Coast
shipyards."
Mr. Hillman also wired to Edgar F.
Kaiser, president of the Oregon Ship-
building Company, Portland, Oreg.,
expressing gratification over "the ex-
cellent production record established
by your company on its first day of
full scale Sunday operations," and add-
ing the praise for the Portland Metal
Trades Council.
Machinists, AFL, and the Steel Workers Or-ganizing Committee, CIO; Screw MachineProducts Co., Providence, R. I., and the Inter-national Association of Machinists, AFL; Vir-ginia Electric & Power Co., Richmond, Va.,
and Amalgamated Association of Street, Elec-tric Railway & Motor Bus Employees of Amer-ica, AFL; Steel Drop Forgers Group, Cleve-land, Ohio, and International Die SinkersConference, independent; Consolidated SteelCorporation, Ltd., Maywood, Calif., and theSteel Workers Organizing Committee, CIO;Remington Rand Co., Inc., New York City,
and the United Electrical, Radio and MachineWorkers, CIO; East Bay Transit Co. and KeySystem, Oakland, Calif., and AmalgamatedAssociation of Street, Electric Railway &Motor Coach Employees of America, AFL;Ryan Aeronautical Co., San Diego, Calif., andUnited Automobile Workers, CIO; and Mu-nicipal Government of Newark, Newark, N. J.,
and State, County, and Municipal Workers ofAmerica, CIO.
Every weapon produced today
is worth 10 next year, Nelson
tells business paper editors
America must face the fact that it
can win the war only if it provides agreatly expanded production of military
goods during the rest of 1942, ChairmanDonald M. Nelson of the War Produc-tion Board told a conference of business
paper editors and publishers February13.
"Every weapon we make today is
worth 10 that we might produce nextyear," Mr. Nelson said. "This year
—
1942—is the critical year in the exist-
ence of the United States. I'm notpainting the picture darkly, but I dobelieve that we who know what Ameri-can industry can do must look at the
situation squarely and see what we cando to make up for lost time.'
"We've lost a lot of time because in-
dustry was fearful of what might happenafter the war if all our productive facili-
ties were overexpanded. Let's stop
thinking about what we'll do when it's
all over and 'start thinking about whatwe're going to do now to prevent it frombeing all over for us.
"We've wasted the golden months in
which we could have got fully ready . . .
But we still have 10 silver months
—
the months which remain in 1942—andin them we can still do things that wenever thought possible."
Getting maximum production at once,
Mr. Nelson said, depends on these
things:
1. Getting greater production out of
the plants and machines which are
now producing war goods. Eventhough the country today is producing
a much greater volume of armamentsthan in 1918, he said, the present vol-
ume is not nearly so great as it mustbecome.
2. Getting military production out
of factories and machines which are
now producing civilian goods—in
other words, by conversion of indus-
try to full war production.
3. Enlisting the services of small
producers, through subcontracting
and through the letting of prime con-
tracts to groups of small manufac-turers who have pooled their facilities.
"The job will take brains and initia-
tive," said Mr. Nelson ; "but we can do it
if we go out with a will, if we stop think-
ing about what we're going to do to the
enemy in 1943 and start thinking about
what we're going to do to him in Febru-
ary and March of 1942."
18 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
AGRICULTURE . .
.
England's food situation is improved,
analysis shows; Lend-Lease credited
(Information furnished through Office of Agricultural Defense Relations,
U. S. Department of Agriculture)
Moderate but definite improvements
were apparent in the food situation of
the United Kingdom from the spring of
1941 to the outbreak of the war in the
Pacific, according to an analysis of
British food consumption by Dr. J. H.
Richter of the United States Department
of Agriculture.
The survey, which appears in a recent
Issue of "Foreign Agriculture," monthly
publication of the Office of Foreign Agri-
cultural Relations, points out that the
improvements were a direct result of
larger arrivals of foodstuffs from abroad,
especially Lend-Lease supplies from the
United States. Maintenance of the pres-
ent level of British food consumption and
further improvements will depend to a
large extent on the shipping situation,
according to Doctor Richter.
U. S. shipments rich in vitamins
During recent months the Department
has pointed out that food shipments to
the British market under the Lend-Lease
program consisted largely of foods rich
in proteins, vitamins, and minerals.
Since the inauguration of that program
more than 300 million dollars' worth of
evaporated milk, cheese, eggs and egg
products, dried fruits, canned fruits and
vegetables, lard and other pork products,
and other agricultural commodities have
been sent to the United Kingdom.
Despite improvements since the arrival
of Lend-Lease shipments from the United
States, the survey reveals that average
civilian consumption of some foods under
existing British rationing regulations is
still considerably below the average for
prewar years. Thus, average civilian
rations over most of 1941 allowed for a
consumption per person of only between
60 and 70 percent of the prewar level in
the case of meats; a little over 60 percent
in the case of fats; 40 percent in the case
of sugar; and only around one-third in
the case of eggs. Consumption of fish
and fruit is also considerably curtailed.
On the other hand, the 1941 consumption
of bread, potatoes, and vegetables prob-
ably ranged from 10 to 20 percent above
the prewar level, while that of fresh milk
was only slightly lower, although for non-
priority consumers it is now considerably
curtailed.
Dr. Richter points out, however, that
these percentage reductions may some-
what overstate the curtailment in war-
time food consumption since meals served
In restaurants, factory canteens and
other establishments are largely addi-
tional to the rations. He estimates that
on a calorie basis the meals thus served
outside the home may add from 5 to 10
percent to average civilian consumption.
On the whole, "conditions throughout
1941 have steadily moved toward a more
equitable and socially more desirable food
distribution," says Dr. Richter. Govern-
mental subsidies designed to keep downprices of important foodstuffs were sub-
stantially increased, the system of worker
canteens was extended, and distribution
of fresh milk to children and mothers
—
to the needy free or at reduced prices
—
on a definite priority basis was continued.
• * •
Sugar to be provided
to keep bees alive
In order to assure maximum honey
production, A. E. Bowman, chief of the
sugar section of the food supply branch
of the WPB, on February 11 advised bee
producers and apiarists that they will
receive the sugar they need to keep their
bees alive.
Honey is a substitute for sugar and
has important dietary uses. In addition,
bees are indispensable for the pollina-
tion of fruits, vegetables, and forage
crops.
Bee producers and apiarists are re-
stricted in the use of sugar by Order
M-55.
If the quantity of sugar allocated un-
der the order is insufficient, a bee pro-
ducer or apiarist may file an appeal with
the WPB sugar section. Such an appeal
should contain the following informa-
tion:
1. The amount of sugar provided under thequota.
2. The number of colonies of bees underproduction.
3. The deficiency (in terms of 100 poundbags of sugar) which is faced.
4. The specific urgency (in number of
days) as to when the sugar must be delivered.
5. The name of the supplier from whomany purchase is to be made.
Growers encouraged to shift .
to longer staple cotton in '42
to meet war needs
The Department of Agriculture has
announced plans to encourage growers
to shift from the production of short
staple cotton to the longer staple length
in 1942, to make available particular
types of cotton needed to meet military
requirements.
To increase premiums
To encourage this change in planting
practices, Commodity Credit Corpora-
tion will increase the premiums to be
offered on longer staple lengths of cotton
under the 1942 loan program. In addi-
tion, it was stated that CCC will support
the price of American-Egyptian and Sea
Island cotton through a purchase pro-
gram in order to encourage increased
production.
Premiums will be increased on the
longer staple lengths of American Upland
cotton, officials of the Department ex-
plained, to enable producers to realize
the same per acre return from the longer
cottons which have low yields, as from
the shorter cottons which generally have
higher yields.
Differentials established
The premiums and discounts under the
1942 program announced at this time
apply to all rain-grown cotton and also
to irrigated cotton with a staple length
of IYb inches and longer.
Premiums and discounts for irrigated
cottons having a staple length of less
than l'/e inches will be calculated also
on the basis of market value and will be
announced as soon as studies now in
progress are completed.
Rates vary according to zones
Location differentials will be based on the
relative sales value of cotton In domestic
markets. In that portion of the eastern Cot-
ton Belt where cotton Is generally trucked
to mills, the basic loan rates will vary accord-
ing to zones which will extend from eastern
Mississippi and central Tennessee to and In-
cluding Virginia. For the western part of
the Cotton Belt, location differentials will
be based upon actual freight rates to the
concentrated mill area.
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 19
Farmers may use A-10 rating
on materials needed for repair,
upkeep of machinery
Priority assistance for the repair and
maintenance of agricultural machinery
in the hands of American farmers has
been made available by an amendmentto the Repair and Maintenance Order,
issued February 10 by the Division of
Industry Operations.
A farmer who repairs his machines
himself, or the repair man who does it
for him, may now use an A-10 rating on
his orders for necessary materials, from
nuts and bolts to major repair parts.
The rating may be applied by "any person
located in the United States, its Terri-
tories and possessions, using tools or
equipment to repair or maintain agricul-
tural machinery."
Not for capital equipment
The rating may not be used, however,
to obtain or replace items of capital
equipment, nor is there any guarantee
that the A-10 rating will be sufficient to
secure delivery of all types of repair sup-
plies containing scarce materials.
When an order bearing a preference
rating in accordance with the terms of
the February 10 amendment is served
upon a dealer or supplier, the supplier
may extend the rating to obtain the mate-
rial which is ordered, or to replace such
material in his inventory.
Orders to.replace inventories
Suppliers and distributors of materials
to be used for the repair and maintenance
of agricultural machinery who do not
fabricate or change such materials mayaccumulate or "basket" the rated orders
they fill, up to a period of 3 months, until
they can place an order for the minimumcommercial quantity for replacement of
their inventories, provided their inven-
tories are kept to a practicable workingminimum. Suppliers who process the
parts they sell must extend ratings while
rated orders are being filled. In no case
are the suppliers permitted to use the
A-10 rating to obtain materials or parts
in anticipation of receiving rated orders.
Use of the rating assigned by the Feb-ruary 10 amendment to Preference RatingOrder P-100 is subject to the restrictions
of the order and of Priorities RegulationNo. l. Specific restrictions on inventories
and withdrawals from inventory do notapply to producers whose purchases or
withdrawals do not exceed $5,000 in anycalendar quarter.
INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS . .
.
U. S. technicians sent to South Americato help develop resources of rubber,
oils, drugs, and strategic metals
Nelson A. Rockefeller, Coordinator of
Inter-American Affairs, announced Feb-ruary 12 that field parties of mining andagricultural technicians are being sent
to Latin America to aid in expandingproduction of rubber, metals, and other
strategic materials.
To develop natural resources
The groups now going into the field
have been organized under a programworked out in the Office of Inter-Ameri-
can Affairs in cooperation with the Boardol Economic Warfare to provide techni-
cal aid to the other American republics
for development of their natural re-
sources. Seventy-five technicians havebeen assembled from the best skills andexperience in the United States.
The project ties in with plans of the
War Production Board and the Board of
Economic Warfare for increasing sup-plies of strategic and critical materials
in this hemisphere.
To survey wild rubber
in vast Amazon valley
Eleven men have been assigned to the
task of stimulating the gathering of wild
rubber and promoting long-range devel-
opment of rubber-growing in the Ameri-can Hemisphere. Six of these techni-
cians have been sent to Brazil. Theothers are assigned to Colombia, Ecua-dor, Peru, Bolivia, and Central America.At the outset the rubber parties will
concentrate on taking inventory of wild
rubber resources in the vast Amazon Val-
ley and other natural rubber areas of the
Americas, with the objective of increas-
ing shipments to the United States
quickly. Later they will devote more at-
tention to details of buying, distribution
and long-term possibilities of rubber cul-
tivation on a large scale.
More babassu oil sought
A vegetable oil expert has been as-
signed to Brazil to look into ways of in-
creasing the collection of babassu nuts.
Babassu oil is in demand in the United
States to replace oils formerly imported
in large quantity from the Far East,
chiefly coconut oil.
Plans also are being made to provide
technical help for development of newor additional American Hemispheresources of drugs, fibers, oils, and otherproducts now imported.
Eight mineral technicians have beenassigned to Brazil and four to Peru.Others are awaiting assignments.
Outcome of Rio conference
"Need for technical help in developingthe great natural resources of South andCentral America was recognized in therecent inter-American conference at Riode Janeiro," said Mr. Rockefeller . . .
"This is the action phase of coopera-
tion in the economic sphere, as conceivedand advanced at the Rio conference. Thetechnical parties, through their studies
in the field and recommendations, canopen the way for economic developmentsof common benefit to the cooperating na-tions. . . .
The mining technicians will work un-der the supervision of Charles Will
Wright, who recently joined the Office of
Inter-American Affairs.
• • *
U. S., United Kingdom name
Materials Board executives
The Combined Raw Materials Boardannounced February 12 the appointmentof Howard C. Sykes as executive secre-
tary of the Board for the United States
and George Archer as executive secre-
tary for the United Kingdom.
Sykes in defense since 1940
Mr. Sykes came to Washington with
the Defense Commission in June 1940,
and has recently been chief of the stock-
pile and shipping imports branch of the
War Production Board.
Mr. Archer is principal assistant sec-
retary in the Raw Materials Departmentof the British Ministry of Supply.
The Combined Raw Materials Boardwas one of three recently set up by the
President and Prime Minister Churchill
"to further coordination of the United
Nations war effort." William L. Batt is
United States member and Sir Clive Bal-
lieu, British member of the Board.
20 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
Burlap ceilings cover new, used,
damaged, or resewn materials
Reports of sales of used, damaged, or
resewn burlap at prices higher than the
ceilings applicable to new burlap have
resulted in the Issuance February 11 of
clarifying amendments to Price Sched-
ules Nos. 18 and 55 by OPA Administra-
tor Henderson to prevent further mis-
Interpretatlonsor evasions. Theamendments became effective Feb-
ruary 7.
Schedule applies to all burlap
The burlap price schedule (No. 18) as
originally Issued was intended to cover
not only new material, but used, dam-aged, and resewn burlap as well. Since
Its issuance, OPA has discovered that
some sellers, taking advantage of the
acute demand for burlap, have been dis-
posing of second-hand and damagedmaterials at prices higher than those
obtaining for new burlap under price
ceiling. The amendment makes clear
that the schedule applies to all burlap.
In cases where resewn burlap is madeup of more than one construction, the
maximum price applicable is that at
which the lowest priced component is
ceilinged.
Ceilings on second-hand bags
The amendment to Price Schedule No.
55, which sets ceiling prices on second-
hand bags, is merely to end confusion
that has arisen concerning the pricing
of bags manufactured of second-hand
materials. Under the original schedule,
a second-hand bag was defined as one
that had been used one or more times,
emptied, and then resold for further use
as a container. Sometimes, however,
second-hand bags are ripped apart andthe material reworked into smaller con-
tainers. Containers are also manufac-tured from resewn burlap. It was the
status, under the price schedule, of these
resewn and reworked bags that had been
In doubt. The amendment makes it
clear that any container manufactured
from second-hand material is covered by
the schedule.
• • *
TEXTS OF ORDERS
Texts of all official notices of OEMagencies, as printed in the Federal Reg-
ister, are carried in the weekly Supple-ment of Victory. The Supplement will
be mailed to any paid subscriber of
Victory on request to the Distribution
Section, Division of Information, OEM.
Nylon stocking "dollars per dozen"
maximum prices set by amendment"Dollars per dozen" maximum prices
that manufacturers may charge for
women's Nylon stockings were set Febru-
ary 10, effective that day, by Price
Administrator Henderson through an
amendment to Price Schedule No. 95.
A celling over prices at the wholesale
level also Is established by a provision
forbidding wholesalers and jobbers from
adding more than 10 percent to the
manufacturers' maximums.
Temporary maximum prices for Nylon
hose were imposed by Mr. Henderson
February 5, by a schedule which limited
manufacturers', wholesalers', and job-
bers' prices to the highest prices charged
during the period October 1-October 15,
1941. The amendment converts this
temporary ceiling into actual maximumprices expressed in dollars and cents,
using the October 1-October 15 market
prices as a guide.
Retail sales of Nylon hose are excluded
from the ceiling order. However, Mr.
Henderson pointed out that, given stable
prices at wholesale, there is no reason
for any further advances at retail.
"Retail prices of Nylon are as high as
they should go," he said.
The amendment permits the comple-
tion of all outstanding contracts whichdo not contain prices at variance with
the provisions of the temporary ceiling,
even though these prices may prove to
be above "dollars per dozen" prices set
February 10.
Ceilings set by amendment
Manufacturers' maximum prices for
the various popular constructions andtypes of Nylon stockings as established by
the amendment follow:
Style
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 21
WPB warns against speculative clothing
inventories; will allocate if necessary
R. R. Guthrie, assistant chief of the
Bureau of Industry Branches, said Feb-
ruary 9 that the War Production Board
looks with disfavor upon speculative in-
ventory accumulation by wholesalers,
jobbers, or retailers in the men's,
women's, and children's apparel trades.
To allocate if necessary
He warned that the War Production
Board is prepared to allocate supplies
among all wholesalers, jobbers, or re-
tailers should that become necessary.
Mr. Guthrie stated:
While sales at the wholesale and retail
levels are showing marked increases, in somecases inventories are growing even more
rapidly. We fear that small retailers andsmall manufacturers may be at a competitivedisadvantage in the fall selling season becauseof their relative lnabulty to finance preseasonpurchases.
Asked to examine inventories
For these reasons, wholesalers and re-
tailers are advised carefully to examine their
Inventories and commitments in comparisonwith the same period a year ago and In re-
lationship to trend of sales.
The War Production Board Is prepared toscrutinize and investigate cases In which theincrease of stocks and commitments Is outof proportion to the Increase of sales. It Is
also prepared to take such administrativeaction as may be necessary to allocate thesupply of any item among all wholesalers,Jobbers, or retailers, whenever the Directorof Industry Operations shall determine thatthe appropriate conditions for such actionexist.
All carded cotton poplins
brought under schedule
A regrouping of the poplin classifica-
tions in Price Schedule No. 35, Carded
Grey and Colored Yarn Cotton Goods,
was announced February 10 by OPAAdmnistrator Henderson.
By the change, which takes the form
of an amendment, effective February 10,
1942, the range of poplins covered is
broadened so that all carded fabrics of
that type are now subject to ceiling
prices. The grouping is made on the
basis of warp yarn numbers and of warp
count, with subgroups for different
square-yard weights. The new classes,
and the maximum prices based on the
closing price of spot cotton as of February
9, 1942, are as follows:
Class
22 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
All OPA schedules to remain in effect
under 1942 price act, says Henderson
Price schedules issued by the Office of determines to be of general applicability.
Price Administration since its creation This policy has been followed in con-on April 11, 1941, will remain in effect nection with all schedules issued duringunder terms of the Emergency Price Con- the past 6 weeks while earlier schedules
trol Act of 1942 and must continue to be have been revised to comply with this
observed, OPA Administrator Henderson requirement. As new amendments to
announced February 13. existing schedules are issued, the titles
Violators subject to penalties°f the ^edules will be changed to Max-imum Price Regulations so as to bring
Violators of either the existing sched- them into conformity with future orders,ules or new regulations will be subject The numbers assigned to the existingto criminal penalties, civil suits for dam- schedules will remain unchanged, how-ages, and injunctions. everj to avoid confUSi n.
There have been 105 price schedules Under terms of the Price Control Act,issued by the OPA, of which a few have a statement of consideration must bebeen revoked. They cover a wide range filed with each new price regulation,of commodities including, particularly, Protest may be filed against provisionsmany of the metals, textiles, chemicals, of any maximum price regulations un-building materials, and manufactured der the statute within 60 days after is-
products. suance of the regulation on grounds ex-
Former schedules remain in effectlsting at that tUne
'or ™thin 60 da?s
from the time that grounds arise to cause"Businessmen who have been operat- SUCh protest
ing under the schedules should clearly -, _. .. „„ ...,„., „ . ."^ Maximum prices under the 60-dayunderstand," Mr. Henderson stated, t „ ... *•.,..,,,.. . . . , .. _ __. ' temporary regulations must be based onthat enactment of the Emergency Price iV. , ™, -^_, „_ - ._ . . . . ... . ..? . ' „ the prices prevailing during the 5 days
Control Act and the establishment of _ , . t . . , _£. ."?, ... :
• . . : prior to their issuance. They must beformal procedures for issuance and en- _ „, j . . __,,,
* ,, ,.. _ . . . . , . r!?, replaced by permanent ceilings if theyforcement of price controls does not viti- ,. . . _, , .. ° ... ,
* *u _j v. j , • , . „ are to remain in effect after the 60 daysate the price schedules previously issued.
have e]aDsedThe Act expressly provides that suchschedules shall remain in effect. The • • •only difference is that we now have moreeffective means of enforcement than Rayon waste Ceiling Correctedheretofore."
Those schedules previously issued have Maximum prices on two grades of
been reviewed by the Administrator and rayon waste are corrected in Amendmenthave been brought into conformance No - ! to Price Schedule 90. The amend-with requirements of the act. The ment, issued February 12 by OPA, wasschedules were to be republished in the effective as of February 11.
Federal Register within the next few Section 1401.59 of the schedule is
days, thus providing businessmen with amended by changing the headnote andan up-to-date set of all price schedules setting forth the following grades andnow in effect after taking account of prices of producers' rayon waste asamendments which may have been made follows:
since their original issuance.1401.59 Appendix A—Maximum Prices
Orders will take one of two forms for Producers' Rayon Waste
Henceforth, price control orders is- price per pound f.o.b.sued by the OPA will take one of two Grades: shipping point
forms: (a) Maximum price regulations Unbleached open waste, semi-
(these will be similar to the price sched- B l e a
c
hfd^mY-dun'll^-coarll$°'
"
ules already issued); and (b) Tempo- threads- .1750
rary maximum price regulations, which Sg^M ffifa-flni '
175°
will remain in effect for 60 days. semi-coarse .1650
In Issuing the maximum price regula- Through error in computation, thetlons the Administrator must ascertain price for unbleached open waste, semi-and consider the prices prevailing for coarse, had been designated 22 M> centsthe commodity in question between Oc- a pound, and that for undesulphuredtober 1 and October 15, 1941, subject to thread at 19 cents in the originaladjustments for relevant factors as be schedule.
Terms of mercury contracts
prior to February 4 allowed if
stocks were on hand or in transit
Dealers in mercury who had stocks onhand or in transit on February 4, 1942,
in order to meet sales contracts madeprior to that date, will be permitted to
deliver such stocks at contract prices
until March 2, 1942. This ruling wasmade in Amendment No. 1 to MercuryPrice Schedule No. 93, OPA Administra-
tor Henderson announced February 12.
To protect against loss
Within 10 days after making such de-
livery, dealers must submit to OPA a
verified statement giving name and ad-
dress of the purchaser; date on which
the sale contract was made; form of the
contract; quantity of mercury which the
dealer had on hand, or in transit, onFebruary 4, 1942; quantity of mercurydelivered under the contract of sale after
February 4; date or dates of such deliv-
ery; and the selling price.
This amendment, issued February 10,
1942, is designed to protect against finan-
cial loss dealers who, on February 4, 1942
(effective date of the schedule) , had mer-
cury on hand or in transit bought at
prices higher than the established maxi-
mum prices, in order to fulfill sales con-
tracts made prior to February 4.
Exception
However, OPA quarters emphasized
that the amendment does not apply to
dealers having unsold inventories of mer-
cury on or after February 4, either in
transit or in their own hands. Suchmercury may not be sold for more than
the established ceilings.
• • *
Price ceilings on export sales
to hold for all shipments
Maximum price schedules covering ex-
port, as well as domestic sales, apply to
all deliveries on and after the date speci-
fied in the schedule whether or not a
shipment has been licensed for export,
it was announced jointly February 13
by the Office of Price Administration and
the Board of Economic Warfare.
Attention was called to the fact that
the new Emergency Price Control Act of
1942 gives the Price Administrator the
power to set maximum prices for export,
as well as for domestic, sales. In this
connection, OPA stated that export price
regulations will be strictly enforced.
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 23
Asphalt and products
added to petroleum ceiling
;
price increases permitted
Price increases for asphalt and asphalt
products are permitted in AmendmentNo. 3 to Price Schedule No. 88 (Petroleum
and Petroleum Products) issued Febru-
ary 10. The amendment was effective
as of February 9, 1942.
Maximum prices for roofing flux east
of the Rocky Mountains are increased
approximately 75 cents per ton over
contract prices made January 1, 1941,
and $1 a ton and upward for the sameproducts sold west of the Rockies. Theamendment sets maximum prices in
dollars and cents by areas.
(Early in December OPA requested
members of the industry to maintain
prices at the January 1, 1941, level, pend-
ing a study.)
For roofing asphalt, maximum prices
are established at no greater differential
over roofing flux prices than the dif-
ferentials in effect January 1, 1941.
Determining maximums for paving
asphalt, cut-back asphalt, asphalt emul-
sion and road oils, the amendmentprovides that the maximum price for
shipment to a given destination shall be
no higher than the weighted average of
prices provided in the three contracts of
sale (or sales if not preceded or accom-panied by contracts of sale) governing
the largest volume, made between July 1,
1941, and October 15, 1941, for a product
of like specifications and quality shipped
to the same destination. If this is not
possible, alternate methods are provided.
• * *
Plumbing suppliers not limited
to carload lots of lead
Clarification of provisions establishing
maximum prices for primary and sec-
ondary lead sold by plumbing supply
houses is made in Amendments No. 2
both to Price Schedule No. 69 (primary
lead) and Price Schedule No. 70 (sec-
ondary lead) , it was announced Feb-ruary 13 by Administrator Henderson.The amendments, effective February
10, 1942, reword provisions of the sched-ules to make it clear that plumbing supply
houses are not limited to carload lot sales
of lead, but may sell less-than-carload
lots as well. The misunderstandingarose because plumbing supply housesare required to use the carload lot prices
for lead established by OPA as bases in
the determination of their own ceiling
prices.
Ceilings set on gears, pinions, sprockets,
and speed reducers to check price rise
Formal price ceilings, based on Octo-ber 15, 1941, levels, are established ongears, pinions, sprockets, and speed re-
ducers under Price Schedule No. 105,
OPA Administrator Henderson an-nounced February 12.
The schedule, effective February 18,
1942, is the first in this particular line.
It is also the last schedule to be filed
prior to Mr. Henderson's official induc-
tion into office. In the future, there
will be maximum price regulations andtemporary maximum price regulations.
Demand far outstrips output
Gears, pinions, sprockets, and speed
reducers are essential in transmission
of power and a necessity in the warproduction program. During 1941,
prices of these articles increased sharply.
Demand lately has far outstripped even
a more than doubled output, so that,
barring price curbs, prices would be ex-
pected to continue upward. A verbal
request to gear manufacturers to re-
frain from selling at prices higher thanthose in effect October 1-15, 1941, wasmade January 27 at a Washington meet-ing with the industry.
This was followed by the formal order
of February 12, indicating that no man-ufacturer producing these articles for
sale separately shall charge more thanhis net price in effect October 15, 1941.
On nonstandard products, manufactur-ers are to compute the price to be
charged on the basis of labor rates andmaterial costs as of October 15, 1941, by
use of the estimating formula used bythem as of that date.
New classification
In a new approach to the classification
problem, OPA has set up three cate-
gories: standard, recurring specials, andspecial items.
Standard items are defined by OPA asthose in price lists In effect October 15 last.
They are forbidden to be sold in excess ofthe October 15 price, which Is the list price,less all applicable discounts as of that date.In this way, provision is made for the pricedifferentials based upon quantity differences,which are customary In this industry.
Special items are those which have neverbeen made before. They are to be priced onthe basis of October 15 labor and materialcosts by use of estimating methods andprice-setting standards employed by themanufacturer on that date.Recurring specials are defined as any item
of which two orders have been or may bereceived subsequent to February 18, 1941,and of which $1,000 worth for 500 items havebeen sold during that period. When an itemwhich has been sold during the year endingFebruary 18. 1942, is first sold after Febru-ary 18, the price is to be set the same way as
for a special Item, except that the manufac-turer is to use his experience as to machinehours and materials required for the order.The price charged on that sale then becomesthe maximum price for all subsequent orders.When an item Is first sold after February
18 as a special Item and then, because of arepeat order or repeat orders, becomes arecurring special, the manufacturer Is like-wise to use his production experience inpricing the item for the later sale. In thiscase, the price charged on the later saleof the item under the schedule becomes themaximum price.
A system of monthly reports covering
sales of those products defined as recur-
ring specials is provided for in the sched-
ule.
* * *
Nonferrous foundry meetings
to be held all over U. S.
A series of regional meetings for the
nonferrous foundry industry will be con-
ducted throughout the country by OPA, to
discuss the industry's price problems, with
particular reference to the letter andquestionnaire sent them January 30, OPAAdministrator Henderson announcedFebruary 7.
Regional meetings in 17 cities
Regional meetings are scheduled ten-
tatively for 17 cities over the country.
Invitations will be sent out.
Mr. Henderson's letter of January 30
asked for an informal ceiling on non-
ferrous castings prices at not higher than
those levels prevailing between October
1-15, 1941. Furthermore, foundries were
asked to fill out a questionnaire covering
sales, costs, and profits data and return
to OPA before February 15, 1942. This
stabilization order and the questionnaire
will constitute the major subject for dis-
cussion at the meetings.
Plans called for four meetings during
the week of February 9—in Philadelphia,
New York, Rochester, and Boston.
During the week beginning February 18meetings are scheduled at the St. Paul Hotel,St. Paul. Minn., at 3:30 p. m. on February 17;at the Hotel Stevens, Chicago, at 2 p. m.February 18; at the Book Cadillac Hotel InDetroit, at 2 p. m. February 19; and at theStatler Hotel In Cleveland, Ohio, February 20at 2 p. m.Meetings are scheduled for February 27, at
2 p. m., at Denver; March 2, at 9 a. m., inSeattle; March 3, at 2:30 p. m., In San Fran-cisco; and March 5, at 2 p. m., in Los Angeles.
Details on the meetings tentatively sched-uled for Cincinnati, March 10; Kansas City,
Mo., March 11; Dallas, March 12; Memphis,Tenn., March 13, and in Atlanta, wiU be madepublic when available.
24 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
PURCHASES . .
.
Contract review system, being set up by WPB,
explained to Senate group by MacKeachieTo explain the central accounting con-
trol being established by the War Pro-
duction Board over the vast output of
munitions under its supervision, Douglas
C. MacKeachie, Director of Purchases,
appeared on February 12 before the Spe-
cial Senate Committee Investigating the
Defense Program. He said there was
being set up in the Purchases Division
of the War Production Board a Contract
Review Branch, which will have the
power to "clear" contracts proposed by
the war agencies, and will maintain rec-
ords and analyze from the standpoint
of cost, and otherwise, contracts already
made. The review organization also
will recommend to the Procurement
Policy Committee policies and pro-
cedures which may appear desirable in
the light of its audit, he said.
Rather than duplicate the accounting
organizations of the War and Navy De-
partments, Mr. MacKeachie explained,
the War Production Board will rely pri-
marily upon these, but will be ready to
undertake additional audits when neces-
sary. He invited the cooperation of the
Senate committee in developing the pro-
gram.
Mr. MacKeachie's remarks follow, in
part:
I asked to appear before this committeebecause we have studied carefully the recom-mendations on reviewing contracts containedIn your report of January 15 and given to
me directly by members of the committee,together with those of the VWon Committee,and I should like to tell you briefly what weplan to do and to answer so far as I canany questions which may be In your minds.
Favors negotiated contracts
First, let me say that we have In mindrecommending the following policies:
1. That war procurement contracts beplaced by negotiation rather than uponthe basis of competitive bids. This methodwill enable the Government to make themost effective utilization of available pro-ductive capacity. It will eliminate thegreat volume of work and considerable de-lay which are Involved in the procedure of
placing contracts on a bid basis. Of course,
I will not preclude asking for quotationsfrom various sources where that procedureis desirable.
2. That contracts for standard commer-cial items be placed generally with thesmaller manufacturers, leaving the facili-
ties of larger concerns available for themore difficult production tasks.
3. That contracts contain a standardclause for renegotiation under stated con-ditions.
This last recommendation embodies oneof the recommendations of your committee.As I read your report, your committee rec-
ommends: (1) That contracts should be re-viewed carefully after execution, in regardto protection of the Government's Interest,
prices, delivery dates and terms; (2) thatcontracts ordinarily should Include provi-sions permitting adequate review and rene-gotiations; and (3) that such provisionsshould be actively used.
Cites War Powers bill
As you know, title XIV of the Second WarPowers bill, now pending, specifically pro-
vides for the Inspection and audit of theplant and books of any contractor withwhom a defense contract has been placedsince September 8, 1939. These powers, to-
gether with the powers of renegotiationgranted by the First War Powers Act, will
put us In a much better position to carry outthese recommendations.We are, therefore, setting up In the Pur-
chases Division of the War Production Boarda Contract Review Branch. The functionsof this Branch will be:
(A) To clear, prior to execution, suchcontracts or proposals for contracts by Gov-ernment agencies as the Chairman, WPB,shall direct. Arrangements necessary to
avoid delay in the execution of contracts
will be effected with each contracting
agency.(B) To maintain a record of all substan-
tial contracts placed by the War, Navy, arid
such other departments and agencies as the
Chairman, WPB, shall direct.
(C) To analyze, from the standpoint
of cost and otherwise, such contracts as
the Chief of the Contract Pveview Branchshall select, with a view to recommendingto the Director of Purchases audits or suchother actions as may be deemed necessary
and to perform such audits as the Direc-
tor may authorize.(D) To recommend to the Procurement
Policy Committee the adoption of suchpolicies and procedures as may be deemednecessary.
Although we retain the right to clear con-tracts prior to execution in clause A, we an-ticipate that to expedite the program, clear-
ance will be delegated to the procurementagencies under our supervision except underspecial conditions and the Contract ReviewBranch will concentrate on the examinationof contracts after they have been executed.
Every effort will be made to catch serious
improprieties in the original clearance, whilethose matters requiring extended examina-tion will be the responsibility of the Con-tract Review Branch. To do this, we shall
ask the contracting agencies to supply uswith copies of all substantial letters of in-
tent, contracts, and changes made in original
contracts.
Won't cause delay, he says
This procedure will not delay the programbecause our work can be done after produc-tion is under way. If our review and analysis
reveals that further information is needed,
we shall tie in closely with the auditing staffs
of the various contracting agencies and usethem in inspecting and auditing whereverpossible. It would not be sound adminis-tration, in my Judgment, for us to undertaketo duplicate existing auditing staffs. Weshall, however, build up an Inspecting andauditing staff for use when, for any reason,
a contracting agency is unable to do the JobItself.
The point of view with which we are ap-
proaching this Job is quite simple. We rec-ognize that quantity of production and speedof delivery of needed military goods are thefirst essentials, and that contracting agenciesshould put them first. On the other hand,we do not believe for one moment that prices
and more particularly costs should be forgot-ten. Costs are Important not only becauseof the effect on the taxpayer, but also becausehigh cost for a particular item frequentlymeans that materials, machinery, labor, andmanagement are being used Inefficiently.
To spur efficiency
In other words, If we compare the prices
of several companies for the same item andfind that they differ widely, it may mean thatsome of the companies are realizing large
profits, or It may mean that the costs of somecompanies are very much higher than thoseof Others. If costs are higher, we shouldknow it and know why they are higher. If
we know why they are higher, we can either
see to it that suggestions for more efficient
operation are made by our production people,
or we can consider whether the high-costcompanies should not manufacture somethingelse which they can handle more efficiently.
In some instances, of course, we may con-clude that our need for the particular Itemis so great that we must have the outputof all the companies, high cost and low cost,
and pay the prices necessary. In many otherinstances, moreover, to carry out the policy
of bringing large numbers of smaller concernsInto war production, particularly on standardand semi-standard commercial Items, we shall
have to pay prices higher than otherwisewould be necessary. But we shall know whyit is necessary and make our decisionsaccordingly.
• • •
Purchases assigns MacPherson,
deputy director, to Procurement
Douglas C. MacKeachie, Director of the
Division of Purchases, WPB, announcedFebruary 10 the appointment of JamesMacPherson, of Larkspur, Calif., as dep-
uty director assigned to the Procurement
Division of the Treasury Department.
At Treasury Procurement, Mr. Mac-Pherson will represent the Division of
Purchases of WPB in handling lend-lease
purchases and also assisting Clifton Mack,
Director of Treasury Procurement, In
coordinating the nonrnilitary purchases
of Government agencies. He will also
be a member of the Procurement Policy
Committee of WPB.
• * *
Martin named assistant
director of purchases
John A. Martin, of Oak Park, 111., has
been appointed assistant director of pur-
chases in charge of perishable foods
operations, Douglas C. MacKeachie, di-
rector of the Division of Purchases oX
WPB, announced February 10.
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 25
Ban on use of bright parts
already fabricated is lifted
for stove manufacturers
The limitation order restricting the
production of domestic cooking ap-
pliances was amended February 7 by
substituting a prohibition against fabri-
cation of "bright work" parts using cop-
per, nickel, chromium, or aluminum for
the previous flat prohibition against the
use of any such parts even if already
fabricated.
Limitation Order L-23, which restricts
use of iron and steel in the manufacture
of a wide variety of stoves, ranges, andother domestic cooking appliances dur-
ing the period January 1-April 30,
banned the use after February 1 of any"bright work," metal finish or trim con-
taining copper, nickel, chrome, or
aluminum.
Not useful elsewhere
Many of these parts already have beenfabricated, and could serve no useful
purpose elsewhere if manufacturers were
denied the right to use them. In lifting
the ban so that inventories can be ex-
hausted, WPB ruled that no critical
materials can be processed to increase
these inventories, except for purely func-
tional parts where the use of less critical
materials would seriously impair opera-
tion of the product.
* • *
Steel casting committee
The formation of a steel casting in-
dustry advisory committee was an-nounced February 12 by the Bureau of
Industry Advisory Committees, WPB.C. E. Adams, chief of the iron and steel
branch, is Government presiding of-
ficer. Committee members are
:
D. C. Bakewell, vice president, Union SteelCastings Co., Pittsburgh; William E. Butts,vice president. General Metals Corporation,Oakland. Calif.: Herbert Parrell, Jr., vicepresident, Farrel!-Check Steel Co., Sandusky,Ohio; Burtner Fleeger, president and gen-eral manager, Oklahoma Steel Casting Co.,Tulsa, Okla.; T. H. Harvey, vice presidentand secretary, The Ohio Steel Foundry Co.,Lima, Ohio; Oliver E. Mount, secretary-treasurer, American Steel Foundries, Chi-cago; Frank M. Robbins, president, RossMeeham Foundries. Chattanooga; C. L. Snow-don, Jr., vice president, Reliance Steel Cast-ing Co., Pittsburgh; Charles J. Symington,president, The Symington Gould Corpora-tion, 230 Park Avenue, New York; CharlesP. Whitehead, vice president, General SteelCasting Corporation, Eddystone, Pa.; Wil-liam H. Worrilow, president, Lebanon SteelFoundry, Lebanon, Pa.
ARMY FORMS NEW
FLYING TRAINING COMMANDA Flying Training Command of the
Army Air Corps, centralizing the task of
providing approximately 30,000 newpilots, observers, navigators, and other
personnel required for the 1942 airplane
production program, has been created
under the Chief of the Air Corps, the WarDepartment announced January 29.
* •• •
Limitation by Critical List
removed from some ratings
Limitations imposed by reference to
the Priorities Critical List of the Armyand Navy Munitions Board in a numberof preference rating or "P" orders were
removed February 11 by issuance of
Priorities Regulation No. 6.
A number of general preference orders
which were written before August 1941,
when the Critical List was last amended,
provide that the ratings assigned by such
orders shall not be applied except to
items which appear on the List. Theregulation issued February 11 removes
this limitation and allows the ratings
assigned by any "P" order to be used
on deliveries of any material otherwise
covered by the order. It does not, how-
ever, remove any special restrictions or
special materials lists which may be
specifically included in the terms of any
order.
The Defense Housing Critical List,
which constitutes a limitation on the
use of preference ratings assigned by De-
fense Housing project ratings, remains
in full force and effect.
Cuts out red tape
The purpose of Priorities Regulation
No. 6 is to eliminate the necessity for a
large number of individual applications
on PD-1A forms for ratings to be used
in obtaining material by industries which
operate under "P" orders, but have been
limited heretofore by the Priorities
Critical List.
The Priorities Critical List, as it ap-
plied to ratings assigned under the Armyand Navy Munitions Board directive,
was abolished effective February 2, by
an amendment to Priorities Division
Administrative Order No. 1 which was
issued by the Priorities Division of OPMbefore creation of the War Production
Board, and subsequently validated by
WPB.
Oil equipment restrictions
apply to foreign sales
just as to domestic
Foreign companies purchasing ma-terials and equipment in the United
States for the production or marketing
of petroleum and petroleum products will
be treated on the same basis as United
States companies with respect to con-
servation of materials.
Interpretations of Conservation Or-
ders M-68 and M-68-c issued February 7
by the Director of Industry Operations
explain that the provisions of these
orders apply to all deliveries of materials
from the United States, whether in this
country, in United States territories andpossessions, or in foreign countries.
The most important restriction im-
posed by Conservation Order M-68 pro-
vides that materials shall not be used
for new wells except where a uniform
well-spacing pattern of not more than
one oil well to each 40 acres is followed.
New natural-gas wells are limited to one
well for each 640 acres.
Conservation Order M-68-c bans con-
struction of new marketing facilities or
improvement of existing facilities, in-
cluding filling stations, without specific
permission from the Director of Industry
Operations.
An Interpretation of Preference Rat-
ing Order P-98, which extends priority
assistance to the petroleum industry, was
also issued to make it clear that this
order applies only to deliveries of ma-terial to be used within the United States,
its territories and possessions. Similar
assistance is extended to foreign com-
panies by Preference Rating Order
P-98-a, when they are individually au-
thorized to operate under its provisions.
• * *
Mayors' aid sought in salvaging
waste from dumps, incinerators
In a letter made public recently,
Lessing J. Rosenwald, chief of the Bureau
of Industrial Conservation, urged the
mayors of every city in the United States
to initiate measures for efficient salvag-
ing of waste materials from municipal
dumps and incinerators.
It has been estimated that several mil-
lion tons of waste materials of all kinds,
now being destroyed, could be salvaged
annually from municipal dumps and in-
cinerators.
26 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
Use dark dye shades sparingly,
Guthrie cautions; needed (or
armed forces
Dark shades of dye should be used
sparingly in the finishing of cloth for
civilian use, R. R. Guthrie, assistant
chief of the Bureau of Industry Branches,
told a meeting of the cotton and rayon
finishes Industry advisory committee in
Washington, February 13.
"The armed forces will require large
Quantities of dyes, especially those of the
anthraquinone vat class," Mr. Guthrie
said.
"Most of the raw materials from which
dyes are made are also needed in large
quantities for other parts of the military
program.
To curtail civilian use
"As a result, certain dyes will not be
available for civilian uses and the quan-
tity of those available will be reduced to
about 50 percent of last year's supply.
Therefore, all plans for the future uses
of dyes should be made with these con-
siderations in mind. These plans should
involve limitation of dark shades and a
reduction in depth of shades and of cov-
erage in the case of printed material."
The membership of the committee fol-
lows:
Tracy Adams, vice president and generalmanager, Arnold Print Works, North Adams,Mass.; R. W. Arrlngton, president, UnionBleachery, Greenville, S. C; W. H. Bannon,vice president and general manager, DefianceBleachery, Barrowsville, Mass.; P. G. Brown,president, The Apponaug Co., Apponaug, B. I.;
Helmus, Fair Lawn Finishing Co., Fair Lawn,N. J.; A. W. Hardwick, treasurer, Delta Fin-ishing Co., Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa.; C. B.Hayes, vice president, Pacific Mills, Lyman,8. C.; James E. Hooper, vice president, WilliamE. Hooper & Sons Co., Woodberry, Baltimore,Md.; J. D. Lippman, vice president, Textile
Leather Corporation, Toledo Dye Works, To-ledo, Ohio.W. R. Maclntyre, vice president. Jos. Ban-
croft & Sons Co., Wilmington, Del.; J. F.Marble, president, Waldrich Co., Delawanna,N. J.; G. A. McClatchle, executive vice presi-
dent and treasurer, D. S. Finishing Co., Nor-wich, Conn.; J. K. Milliken, treasurer, Mt.Hope Finishing Co., North Dighton, Mass.;
A. G. Poor, vice president and manager,Standard Bleachery & Printing Co., CarltonHill, N. J.; J. Robertson, president and treas-
urer, North Carolina Finishing Co., Salisbury,
N. C; H. R. Stephenson, president, SouthernBleachery & Print Works, Inc., Taylors, S. C;George Summersby, president, Bradford Dye-ing Assn., Bradford, R. 1.; F. A. Tagllabue,president, Palisade Piece Dye Works, Inc.,
North Bergen, N. J.
* • •
FEBRUARY LEAD POOL
The February lead pool February 9 wasset at 15 percent of December 1941 pro-
duction, unchanged from last month, bythe Director of Industry Operations.
Canadian firms to get same priority aid
extended to United States applicants
A further step toward coordinating the
war efforts of the United States andCanada was taken February 10 when the
Division of Industry Operations adopted
procedures to make priority assistance
available to Canadian firms on substan-
tially the same basis as the United States
applicants.
On products not obtainable in Canada
Hereafter, Canadian firms purchasing
materials or manufactured products in
the United States for war or essential
civilian use may apply priority ratings
in accordance with the terms of all ap-
propriate general preference rating or-
ders, or may submit individual applica-
tions for priority assistance which will
be handled in Washington exactly as if
they came from applicants in the United
States. Priority ratings on orders ad-
dressed to United States firms will be
granted only when the material or prod-
uct is unobtainable in Canada.
Canadian firms wishing to apply the
ratings assigned by general preference
orders must first make application
through the Canadian Department of
Munitions and Supply, which will for-
ward the applications to Washington.
To facilitate handling of individual Ca-nadian applications for priority assistance, aUnited States priorities specialist has beenappointed, to be located at the Office of theDepartment of Munitions and Supply, Ot-tawa, Canada. Canadian applications forratings under United States priority regula-tions should be sent to the Department ofMunitions and Supply, Ottawa, ReferenceUnited States Priorities Specialist. When theapplications are found to be In proper formand are cleared as to general policy, theywill be forwarded to Washington and handledexactly like all other applications.
An amendment to the repair andmaintenance order, P-100, was issued
February 10 to permit Canadian firms to
take advantage of its provisions, uponapplication, when a copy of the order
has been specifically issued in their namewith a serial number.
The steps taken February 10 to facili-
tate extension of United States priority
assistance to Canadian firms constitute
a practical application of the general
policy of coordinating the war efforts of
the two countries which was enunciated
on December 23 by President Roosevelt
after a conference with Canadian Prime
Minister Mackenzie King.
Soap and glycerine committee
Formation of a soap and glycerine
industries advisory committee was an-
nounced February 2 by the Bureau of In-
dustry Advisory Committees. Members:
R. R. Deupree, president, The Proctor &Gamble Co., Gwynne Building, Cincinnati,
Ohio; F. A. Countway, president, LeverBrothers Co., Cambridge, Mass.; E. A. Moss,general manager, Swift & Co. Soap Works,Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111.; A. R. Robson,vice president, Fels & Co., 73d St. and Wood-land Ave., Philadelphia, Pa.; E. B. Hurlburt,president, The J. B. Williams Co., Glaston-bury, Conn.; N. S. Dahl, general manager,John T. Stanley Co., 626 West 30th St., NewTork, N. Y.; L. Webb, Jr., president, Hunne-well Soap Co., 114 West 2d St., Cincinnati,
Ohio; W. C. Hardesty, president, W. C. Hard-esty Co., 41 East 42d St., New York, N. Y.;
J. S. Macintosh, president and treasurer, TheHolbrook Mfg. Co., Coles and 18th St., Jersey
City, N. J.; E. H. Little, president, Colgate-Palmolive-Peet Co., 105 Hudson St., Jersey
City, N. J.; Dan Flick, general manager.Armour & Co. Soap Works, Union StockYards, Chicago, 111.; F. H. Merrill, president,
Los Angeles Soap Co., 617 East First St.,
Lob Angeles, Calif.; H. D. Banta, president,
Iowa Soap Co., 810 Valley St., Burlington,Iowa; Gordon Fulton, president. Beach SoapCo., Lawrence, Mass.; Russel H. Young, presi-
dent, The Davies-Young Soap Co., NorthFindlay St., Dayton, Ohio; R. H. Glebel, vice
president, Harshaw Chemical Co., 1945 East97th St., Cleveland, Ohio; Werner G. Smith,president, Werner G. Smith Co., 2191 West110th St., Cleveland, Ohio. J. B. Davis is
Government presiding officer.
Hargis named regional director
for OPA Kansas City office
Appointment of Benjamin L. Hargis
of Kansas City as regional director for
the Kansas City regional office of the
Office of Price Administration was an-
nounced February 13 by Administrator
Henderson.
• * *
8 named to accounting division
Eight appointments to the division of
accounting, analysis and review of OPAwere announced February 13 by H. F.
Taggart, chief.
John S. Bartlett was appointed chief
of the rubber section. William A. Bolton
and Edward W. McGibbon were named
to the steel section. Richard J. Crofton
was appointed to the machinery section.
William R. Fablinger was named to the
copper and brass section. Frank E.
Hausherr was appointed to the lumber
and building materials section. Clement
C. Jones was named to the machinery
section. Samuel C. Mack was appointed
to the consumer durable goods section.
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 27
Large users of coal, coke urged
to build up inventories
for possible emergencies
Large users of coal and coke, especi-
ally utilities and industrial users, are
being urged by the Division of Industry
Operations to build up their inventories
as much as possible to avoid the danger
of having to suspend operations in case
of an emergency.
Other inventories restricted
General Inventory Order M-97, issued
February 15, revokes the inventory re-
strictions imposed by Priorities Regula-
tion No. 1 insofar as they apply to coal
and coke. This order was issued Upon
recommendation of the Office of Solid
Fuel Coordinator.
The order will enable large users to
' take advantage of the fact that there is
at present considerable excess production
of coal and coke, and transportation
available for distribution of these ma-terials.
Inventory restrictions are relaxed for
coal and coke only.
* * •
ELECTRIC HEATING PAD
COMMITTEE
The Bureau of Industry Advisory Com-mittees has announced the formation of
an electric heating pad manufacturers
industry advisory committee with the
following membership:
William Bradford, president, The WalkerCo.. Mlddleboro, Mass.; W. G. Church, Jr.,
vice president. Samson-United Corporation,Rochester, N. T.; M. F. Fitzgerald, treasurer,Fitzgerald Mfg. Co., Winsted, Conn.; M. E.Flanner, owner-general manager, Norris Elec-tric Mfg. Co.. Paterson, N. J.; A. S. Knapp,president, Knapp Monarch Co., St. Louis, Mo.;David McKendrick, president, Glen ElectricCorporation, New York. N. Y.; H. M. Parsons,sales manager, Landers, Frary & Clark, NewBritain, Conn.; Orville Rush, attorney forcompany, Vit-O-Net Co., Washington, D. C;Edward P. Russell, treasurer, Northern Elec-tric Co., Chicago, 111.; H. C. Wright, ChicagoFlexible Shaft Co.. Chicago, B.I.: A. O. Sam-uels, vice president, Casco Products Corpora-tion, Bridgeport, Conn.; Milton Silverman,president, Varick Electric Mfg. Co., New York,N. Y.; William Simon, president, Lobl Manu-facturing Co., Middleboro, Mass.; H. L. Stiles,Com. engineer, General Electric, Bridgeport,Conn.; John A. Underwood, president. Man-ning. Bowman & Co., Meriden, Conn.; GeorgeT. Newell, Jr., George T. Newell, Inc., Burling-ton, N J.; F. Thatcher Lane, Seamless Rub-ber Co., New Haven, Conn.; L. Ludwig, EagleElectric Mfg. Co., Brooklyn, N. Y.; H. M. Bab-cock. Battle Creek Equipment Co., BattleCreek. Mich.; The Magnecoil Co., Salt LakeCity, Utah; The National Stamping andElectric Works, Chicago, 111.
NEW FIELD OFFICES
Additional WPB Contract Distribution
offices have been opened, bringing the
total to 117. The new offices are as fol-
lows:
Ft. Smith, Ark.—13 North Seventh
Street.
New Haven, Conn.—514 Liberty Build-
ing, 154 Temple St.
Peoria, III.—Second floor. Alliance
Building. .
Decatur, III—308 Standard Office
Building.
Grand Rapids, Mich.—1014 Michigan
National Bank Building, 77 Monroe Ave.,
NW.Iron Mountain, Mich.—400 Commer-
cial National Bank Building.
Vtica, N. Y.—First National BankBuilding, Genessee St.
Canton, Ohio.—601 Commercial Build-
ing, 305 Market Ave., South.
Huntington, W. Va.—309-311 West
Virginia Building.
Appleton, Wis.—341 West College Ave.
* * *
Ban extended on sales of '42
trucks, truck trailers
The ban on sales of 1942 model light,
medium, and heavy trucks and truck
trailers was extended February 12 from
February 11 until February 28.
Rationing plans not completed
Rationing plans for these vehicles have
not been completed. The extension of
the present sales ban, issued as amend-
ments to Limitation Orders L-l-c and
L-3-e, prohibits the retail sale, lease,
trade, loan, delivery, shipment, or trans-
fer of any new light, medium, or heavy
truck or truck trailer.
The restrictions do not apply to sales
or deliveries by a distributor or dealer
to another distributor or to another
dealer nor to persons exempted under
Amendment 1 to the original "freeze"
order including the Army and Navy andcertain other persons.
Some to be released
The WPB announced, however, that
some vehicles will be released on indi-
vidual appeal by letter or telegram prior
to the issuance of the rationing plan if
both the purchaser and manufactureror dealer certify that a particular ve-
hicle has been constructed to specifica-
tions such as to make it not adaptable for
any use other than that of the specific
purchaser.
Plan of Field Bureau
further explained
by its chief
The working plan of the new WPBField Operations Bureau was further ex-
plained February 12 by L. EdwardScriven, chief, in a memorandum to all
Contract Distribution Division managers,
State directors, priorities district man-agers, and priorities regional directors.
The statement follows:
The Bureau of Field Operations has beenestablished for the coordination of all fieldactivities of the War Production Board. Itwill operate under the jurisdiction of theIndustry Operations Division.As rapidly as possible the field offices of
the contract distribution branch of the Pro-duction Division and the Priorities Branch ofthe Industry Operations Division will becombined under district and branch admin-istrators for the War Production Board.The field operations of other divisions of theWar Production Board will similarly bebrought under the same Jurisdiction. Laterit is Intended to divide the country intoregions with regional administrators.
Bureau to exercise general supervision
The Bureau of Field Operations will exer-cise a general supervisory control over all
field operations of the War Production Boardto the end that industry may be expedi-tiously guided in its relationship to war pro-duction and will also handle all matters re-lating to accounting, budgets, personnel,travel, office location, etc.
The operations in the field for each divi-sion or branch thereof, however, will be spe-cifically directed by the corresponding unitof the War Production Board In Washington.In all the larger War Production Board field
offices there will be managers for the opera-tions of each corresponding division orbranch in Washington. In some of thesmaller branch offices, various operationsmay have to be combined in the hands ofthe same man. Day to day operating in-structions will be executed through thesechannels.
To clear up conflicts
All general directives as to policy, scope of
operation and informational bulletins, will
be cleared through the Bureau of FieldOperations. Any matter of dispute, overlap-
ping of functions or Jurisdiction will betaken up and settled through the channelsof the Bureau of Field Operations.The Bureau of Field Operations stands
ready to cooperate fully with all of theother divisions of the War Production Boardto the common end that the war productionprogram be executed in the shortest possible
time.
• * •
Mill, warehouse, foundry
copper sale only on A-10 rating
Copper and copper products cannot
be sold by mills, warehouses, or foundries
except on preference ratings of A-10 or
higher, according to an amendment Is-
sued February 6 to Order M-9-a.
28 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
HOUSING . .
.
Slum-clearance projects in four localities
to be converted for defense housing; newhomes slated for other defense areas
President Roosevelt February 9 and 10
approved defense housing projects pro-
viding 15,637 homes for families of in-
dustrial defense workers and enlisted per-
sonnel in 21 localities, upon the recom-
mendation of Charles P. Palmer, Coor-
dinator of Defense Housing.
7,792 of permanent nature
Localities and the type and number of
homes planned for each are as follows:
FEDERAL WOEKS AGENCY
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY • 29
Maximum efficiency asked
of bus operators to
help war effort
Joseph B. Eastman, Director of De-
fense Transportation, February 9 called
upon all bus operators and their em-ployees to help the war effort by operat-
ing buses at maximum efficiency.
In a letter addressed to all public-
carrier bus operators, approximately
4,000 in number, using upwards of 60,000
vehicles, Mr. Eastman said:
Today, with our country at war, the safe
and efficient transportation of passengers bybuses becomes an essential part of thenationlal victory effort. Nothing must bepermitted to reduce the efficiency of this
transportation—especially, nothing In theway of Inadequate or careless maintenanceand repair.
Every employee of every operating com-pany, from top to bottom, now more thanever, should be alive to the necessity of
preventing costly break-downs and interrup-
tions of service. These can be prevented bycare and diligence. They must be preventedIf bus transportation is to make its full con-
tribution to the Nation in this time of need.
Mr. Eastman sent with his letter a
pamphlet of practical suggestions en-
titled "The Motor Bus and the National
Defense Program."
* * •
Housing policy for Negro
defense workers adopted
Asserting that the "public interest and
the war program demand that equitable
provision for housing be made for Negro
defense workers," Charles F. Palmer, Co-
ordinator of Defense Housing, last week
announced a supplementary racial policy
adopted by the Division of Defense Hous-
ing Coordination.
Indicates problems involved
This statement of policy, worked out in
cooperation with Robert R. Taylor, con-
sultant, calls attention to the urgent need
for housing Negro workers, indicates the
problems involved in the selection of
sites, and sets forth certain procedures
for the development of defense housing
projects.
Under the new policy, the Federal
agencies selecting sites are requested "to
secure the opinions, approval, and co-
operation of the local housing authorities
and/or other responsible public andcivic groups, including responsible Negroleadership, before final decision and pub-lic announcement is made of the site."
HOME-MADE TAPE
WILL PROTECT WINDOWSDirections for making and applying
home-made tape to prevent shattering
of window glass from bombing were madeavailable last week by the health sup-
plies branch of the War Production
Board.
The Philadelphia College of Pharmacyand Science developed the method after
reading a request by the health supplies
branch that adhesive tape not be used
for shatter-proofing windows. Adhesive
tape contains cloth, rubber, and zinc
oxide, all of which have important mili-
tary and essential civilian needs.
PROTECTION AGAINST WINDOWSHATTERING
A. Cut old bed sheets into one inch strips.
If old bed sheets are not available use acheap material such as unbleached muslin.Lay the pieces on a board and with a paintbrush generously daub them with the pastemade according to the formula below.B. Then crisscross the pasted strips on
windows, keeping the pieces about an inchapart from each other in both directions.Then make two diagonals clear over thecorners of the pane. All ends should reachand overlap the edge of the window frame.Very little light is lost through this method.
C. The formula for the paste Is one whichcan readily be put together at home. It Is
as follows:
Wheat flour 6 ouncesPowdered alum % ounceCorn syrup % pintWater 2 pints
Rub the flour and alum to a smoothpaste with the water and syrup. Heatquickly to boiling with constant stirring
to avoid burning. Remove from the fire
at first Indication of active boiling. Aslower method involves the use of thedouble boiler.
If this paste is to be held In storage, re-
frigeration will keep it sweet for several days.
But If It has to be kept over a long periodthere should be added to the above formula,with the alum, a level teaspoonful of ben-zoate of sodium. Silicate of soda shouldnever be used as an adhesive because it will
etch glass ultimately, and also because Its
free alkali dissolved In condensed water will
seep into window frames and be particularlydetrimental to metal frame windows.
• + *
Nickerson to head management
consultants in Labor Division
WPB Labor Director Hillman an-
nounced February 11 the appointment of
John W. Nickerson, of Manchester,
Conn., as chief of the industry section of
the Labor Division's labor relations
branch.
Mr. Nickerson and his staff have the
responsibility to assist management in
the promotion of harmonious employer-
employee relations in war industries, and
to aid wherever necessary in the settle-
ment of labor controversies.
Save on scarce items by using
substitutes or new design,
highway departments asked
Critical materials such as metals, bur-
lap, and rubber must not be used for
highways or highway repairs when less
scarce materials can be substituted, it
was explained February 13 by the Divi-
sion of Industry Operations.
Can't use ratings for vital items
An interpretation of Preference Rat-ing Order P-100 has been issued to point
out that highway departments which ap-
ply preference ratings under the terms
of the order are subject to the general
provision that scarce materials must be
eliminated by change of design or sub-
stituted for whenever practicable.
A number of highway departments
have been applying preference ratings
under the repair and maintenance order
to obtain such items as metal culverts,
metal road signs, metal rope or cable,
metal guard rails, etc., when terra cotta,
cement, or wood could be used. The in-
terpretation issued February 13 explains
that application of preference ratings in
such cases constitutes a violation of the
terms of the order, and that preference
ratings may not be applied under anycircumstances to deliveries of rubber or
burlap for highway maintenance, repair,
or operation.
* * •
Sloan and Mendenhall
appointed by Consumer Division
Appointment of Harold S. Sloan, exec-
utive director of the Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation, as an adviser to the Con-
sumer Division, OPA, was announced
February 11 by Dan A. West, director of
the Consumer Division.
Dr. James E. Mendenhall, educational
director of the Institute for Consumer
Education, Stephens College, Columbia,
Mo., has also been appointed to the Con-
sumer Division staff, to direct the work
of program planning and program mate-
rials.
* • *
CALIFORNIA TOWN ADDED
TO CRITICAL HOUSING AREAS
Le Moore, Calif., has been added to the
communities on the list of Defense Hous-
ing Critical Areas.
30 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
CIVILIAN DEFENSE . . .
Determining whether fitness program
should stay in OCD, says Landis
James M. Landis, executive of the Of-
fice of Civilian Defense, made the fol-
lowing statement at his press conference
on February 11:
To gear office for action
I'd like to say, to start with, that the
prime job of this agency, as I see it, is
to prepare this country against the dan-
ger of physical attack from the enemy.
Today we are facing the threat of the
loss of Singapore. If that is realized, I
should imagine that the battle front
might move nearer by maybe 3,000 miles.
Maybe the war itself will be lengthened
by 1 year, 2 years, 3 years; I don't know,
but that means and all those things
mean that this office has got to be built
and geared for action.
The last few weeks I have been here I
have had as one of my tasks the over-
hauling of the functioning of this office.
I have done that with two principles in
mind: The first that every person in the
office must have a clear, definite function
which has relationship to the objectives
of that office; and the second is that
every person must be qualified to per-
form that function.
OCD objectives
As I say, I have been going over per-
sonnel, administrative relationships, andI think the results of that survey will be
apparent to you in a very short time. I
Just want to add a word about the Office
of Civilian Defense because I would like
to get an impression of where we are andwhere we've got to be. Those objectives,
you know, are primarily two: Civilian
protection—which means recruiting,
training, and organization of civilian de-
fense agencies. Recruiting has pro-
gressed quite rapidly. Training in cer-
tain sections of the country has pro-
gressed fairly rapidly but we need to
move that and move that fast. We need
more schools to train people in these
techniques that are demanded by civil-
ian protection. We need an intensified
drive to organize the forces that havebeen trained in that fashion and after
that is done, we need practice tests to
see whether these organizations canfunction. That means mobilization
drills, exercises, and the like. We need
to procure and distribute the equipment
Congress has already authorized and for
which the present appropriation bill is
pending.
Precautionary measures
Specifically with reference to certain
problems in this picture, we need, one,
the development of adequate blackout
procedures. Blackout may be the prob-
lem of obscuring the city within 30 min-
utes' time. We need to know how to do
that and practice how to do that. We
LaGUARDIA RESIGNS AS OCDDIRECTOR
On February 10, Mayor F. H. La-
Guardia announced his resignation as
director of the Office of Civilian De-
fense. On the same day, President
Roosevelt said that he would nameJames M. Landis, OCD Executive, to
succeed Mr. LaGuardia.
need to push very actively a program for
the protection of Industrial plants
against enemy attack, gearing in the
work of the Army and Navy with our
office in that connection.
Protection of public facilities
We need to develop a concrete series
of evacuation plans for critical areas,
which will coordinate all the agencies
that are concerned in the operation of
anything of that nature. We need to
coordinate and push a program that has
been started of protection of water sup-
plies, communications, and other facili-
ties. We need to expand considerably
our emergency medical services and weneed research and planning for civilian
camouflage, for example.
Cooperation with other agencies
Now, all these things are or require
very close cooperation with the Armyand the Navy as well as the other gov-
ernmental agencies. At most points, the
program has to be carefully adjusted to
the military policy as that policy is laid
down and not as that policy might be
attempted to be fashioned by us.
Now let me take the other side of the
program, about which there has cur-
rently been considerable discussion.
Community and volunteer participation
Community and volunteer participa-
tion—that, I think, involves the organi-
zation by communities through defense
councils of the resources of those com-
munities to meet the demands created by
the war. It means that those communi-
ties have to be familiarized with the re-
quirements of Federal policies coming
from the war and not shaped by us. It
means that you will have to feed that
human effort in order to meet these vol-
untary services In order to meet these
demands of the war. That program has
to be geared closely and clearly to the
question of winning the war.
To interpret Federal policies
To do that I think requires pretty ef-
fective staff work in Washington and
good organization in the field. I think
it also implies a clear realization of just
what Federal agencies have the respon-
sibility for fashioning certain Federal
policies and the clear realization on the
part of this agency that the responsibil-
ity for the fashioning of certain Federal
policies may lie elsewhere, and our prob-
lem is simply one of interpreting them
to the communities.
Responsibility for physical fitness
There have been recently criticisms of
certain matters connected with this
agency. One, Miss Chaney. Miss Cha-
ney is, as you know, attached to the Di-
vision of Physical Fitness which operates
out of Philadelphia. I don't suppose that
anybody would deny that a program de-
signed to keep people physically fit so as
to eliminate the great amount of rejec-
tions that we have had under the Selec-
tive Service Act or which is designed to
keep people physically fit so that pro-
duction will go on fast is a desirable
thing.
But there are a couple of questions
that arise in that connection: Whose re-
sponsibility is it to pursue that program
—
our responsibility or the responsibility of
the Federal Security Agency which has
a mandate in connection with recrea-
tion? I have been pushing for a solution
of that question. I think it is on its way.
Whether that leaves the program with
this office or with the Federal Security
Agency, I can't tell you, but I can tell
you that if it is left to this office, that
February 17, 1942 • VICTORY * 31
program will be attuned to the question
of physical fitness with reference to menabout to go into the Army within a year,
2 years, 3 years—it will be attuned to
getting men who produce more physi-
cally fit.
Douglas to mobilize talent
Two, Mr. Douglas. There are certain
things that ought to be clear about Mr.
Douglas which have not been made clear.
One is I appointed him upon my owninitiative and on my own judgment.
Two, he is not getting a salary of $8,000
a year. He is technically on the rolls
without compensation, which meansthat he gets normal governmental trav-
eling expenses and subsistence at the
rate of $10 per day. I appointed Mr.
Douglas because I thought there was a
Job to be done there and I thought hewas eminently qualified to do that job.
I still hold that opinion.
The job he has before him is the job
of mobilizing talent, putting it at the
service of the Nation, and I submit that
is a big and worth while job.
Three, we talk about salaries in the
Office of Civilian Defense. If salaries
are out of line, my responsibility is to
bring them into line. Some of the sal-
aries that have been talked of are not
out of line. We need good men here just
as well as any other agency in the Fed-eral Government needs them, and wemust get them and pay them in line with
the general pays provided for employeesof the Federal Government.
Information program
Four, there has been some talk aboutinformation services this office might set
up. I took up with the Bureau of the
Budget the theory that I had that per-
sonnel assigned to us by the OEM, andthere were seven people assigned, mightdo perhaps a little better job if they be-
longed to us. I have no intention of
going in for publicity in a big way. All
that is needed here is a small staff thatwill tell the story of what is happeningin this outfit.
A "communication job"
We need, of course, to distribute to
the public various different bits of edu-cational matter such as what to do in
an air raid, how to become an air-raid
warden, problems on the use of volun-teers; that, I submit, is not publicity
but it is a job of communication that is
essential. My understanding was thatinsofar as rebuilding all these facilities
that are adjunct to distribution of in-
formation is concerned, we wouldn't dothat. We would rely upon the existing
services.
HEALTH AND WELFARE . .
.
Transferring nationals of enemy countries
entrusted by Justice to McNutt office
Federal Security Administrator PaulV. McNutt, Director of Defense Healthand Welfare Services, announced re-
cently that at the request of the Depart-ment of Justice, the Federal Security
Agency and the Office of Defense Healthand Welfare Services have undertakenthe responsibility of acting for the De-partment of Justice in effecting the re-
moval and resettlement of alien enemies
and their dependents from certain pro-
hibited areas on the West Coast.
Technical definition of "alien enemies"
"Alien enemies" is defined as nationals
of the three countries with whom this
country is at war—Japan, Germany, andItaly. The order does not affect sub-
jects of these nations who are not na-tionals, such as Koreans, nor nationals
of recently occupied countries, such as
Austrians, Czechoslovakians, Poles,Danes, Norwegians, Hollanders, Belgians,
and natives of occupied France. EvenHungarians and Bulgarians whose native
countries have declared war upon us,
but against whom we have made noreciprocal declaration, are not included.
German nationals who are refugees in
this country are, however, included.
Mr. McNutt said that removal wouldnot mean Internment. "Enemy aliens
known to be dangerous or inimical to
this country's interest have been appre-hended. Those to be removed are thelarge body of alien enemies and their
families, most of them doubtless law-abiding, and the majority of their chil-
dren are American citizens.
Many perform valuable services
"Many of the aliens affected by these
plans are now performing services whichcontribute directly to the success of ourAmerican war effort. The proper rees-
tablishment of these dislocated aliens is
important to certain types of labor sup-ply, and to the maintenance of our agri-
cultural output. For these reasons it is
in the interest of the United States that
this operation be carried out with the
smallest possible loss of human re-
sources," the Administrator pointed out.
The aliens transferred will be underthe surveillance of Federal authorities,
and any public funds spent in their re-
moval and maintenance will be Federal
funds. The fate of large numbers of
civilian Americans now in the hands ofour enemies may depend upon good treat-
ment of removed aliens in the communi-ties in which they are resettled, Mr.McNutt said.
• * *
Iowa plan will aid soldiers
returning to college after war
"Will they return tu graduate?" is thequestion college authorities throughoutthe Nation are asking as students leavetheir campuses to become soldiers.
The challenge of this question is beingmet by the University of Iowa with aplan for financial assistance to formerstudents who will return to study after
war servioe.
Adoption of the Iowa plan throughoutthe country was urged by James Ward,coordinator of college activities of thedivision of youth activities of the Office
of Civilian Defense.
The program calls for gifts of not over
$200 to each returning student in needof assistance. The money is to comefrom a fund made up of voluntary con-tributions of 10(4 a week from each stu-
dent still on campus. About $10,000 Is
expected to be collected in this mannerthis semester. Administered by the Com-mittee on Student Aid and audited bythe university treasurer's office, the fundwill be invested in United States DefenseBonds.
* * •
BROTHERHOOD WEEK
COOPERATION URGED
"Young Americans must unite on the
home front in the fight against our ene-
mies' insidious weapon of dividing fromwithin."
With that statement, Gilbert Harrison
and Jane Seaver, codirectors of the divi-
sion of youth activities, Office of Civilian
Defense, asked active cooperation In Na-tional Brotherhood Week, February 15-22,
called by the National Conference of
Christians and Jews. Their request wasmade in a letter to all national religious
groups, Catholic, Protestant, and Jewish.
32 • VICTORY • February 17, 1942
Well-spacing regulations relaxed in five
States to get natural gas for war plants
To promote increased production of
natural gas for the use of war industries
in the Appalachian area, a modification
of the petroleum and natural gas con-
servation order was issued February 13
by the Division of Industry Operations
on the recommendation of the Office of
Petroleum Coordinator.
The provision of Conservation Order
M-68 which forbids the construction of
new natural gas wells unless they follow
a spacing pattern of not more than one
well to 640 acres has been revised in the
states of New York, Pennsylvania, WestVirginia, Ohio, and Kentucky.
Cleveland, Pittsburgh need more
The February 13 order, which is Sup-
plementary Order No. M-68-1, is issued
because additional quantities of natural
gas are needed for war Industries, espe-
cially in Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Youngs-
town, and other cities in the area af-
fected.
Under the terms of the amendment,
new natural gas wells may be drilled to
the Onandaga limestone, Oriskany sand-
stone, or Devonian shale horizons if they
follow a uniform well-spacing pattern of
one well to each 160 acres and to other
horizons except in a condensate field if
they follow a spacing pattern of not more
than one well to each 40 surface acres
In either case, the drilling of new wells
is subject to additional restrictions as to
the distances between wells and drilling
units.
Provisions of the conservation order
with respect to the consolidation of prop-
erty units have been changed to corre-
spond to the well-spacing provisions of
the amended order.
* • •
Corundum under allocations
To avert a possible shortage of corun-
dum, stocks of this abrasive material havebeen placed under an allocations system
by Industry Operations Director Knowl-son, with the issuance of General Pref-
erence Order M-89.
The order provides that corundum used
In manufacturing some civilian products
may be curtailed, and that suppliers of
corundum will make deliveries only whenspecifically authorized by the Director
of Industry Operations. The Director
will periodically allocate corundum andspecifically direct the manner and quan-tities in which deliveries shall be made.Future allocations may be made with-
out regard to any preference ratings as-
signed to particular contracts or purchase
orders, but will be made to insure the
filling of Government war orders, both
direct and Indirect.
Nicotine sulphate price levels
confirmed; mark-ups limited
Maximum prices to be charged by pro-
ducers, and limits on mark-ups by dis-
tributors and dealers in nicotine sul-
phate, were requested in letters February
13 to members of the industry from OPAAdministrator Henderson.
Suggested levels confirmed
The letters confirm price levels sug-
gested at a meeting of OPA and producers
of nicotine sulphate In Washington onJanuary 22 last. Nicotine sulphate Is
widely used as an agricultural insecti-
cide.
These requests, made at the Washing-ton meeting, are repeated in Mr. Hen-derson's letter:
1. Producers of nicotine sulphate are notto sell, during the year 1942, 40 percent nico-tine sulphate ior agricultural uses In 60-pound drums at prices in excess of $0.80 perpound delivered to distributors.
2. Producers of nicotine sulphate are notto sell, during the year 1942, 40 percent nico-tine sulphate for agricultural uses on 10-
pound containers at prices in excess of$0.90 per pound delivered to distributors.
3. Distributors and dealers of nicotine sul-phate are not to make charges for handlingnicotine sulphate In excess of the following:
Distributors Dealers50-pound drum $3.60 $3.7610-pound container 1.15 1.50
4. Schedules of 1942 prices to be quoted byproducers of nicotine sulphate are to be sub-mitted to Office of Price Administration inadvance of publication.
5. The requests set forth above are subjectto rescission or modification in whole or Inpart in such manner and at such time ortimes as the Office of Price Administrationmay deem necessary or advisable.
OFFICE FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Central Administrative Services: Dallas
Dort, Director.
Defense Communications Board: JamesLawrence Fly, Chairman.
Defense Housing Division: C. F. Palmer,Coordinator.
Information Division: Robert W. Horton,Director.
National War Labor Board: Wm. H. Davis,
Chairman.
Office of Scientific Research and Develop-ment : Dr. Vannevar Bush, Director.
Office of Civilian Defense : James M. Landis,Executive.
Office of the Coordinator of Inter-Ameri-can Affairs: Nelson Rockefeller, Coordi-nator.
Office of Defense Health and Welfare Serv-ices: Paul V. McNutt, Director.
Wayne Cot, Liaison Officer
Office of Defense Transportation: JosephB. Eastman, Director.
Office of Facts and Figures: ArchibaldMacLeish, Director.
Office of Lend-Lease Administration: E. R.Stettinlus, Jr., Administrator.
Office of Price Administration : Leon Hen-derson, Administrator.
Consumer Division: Dexter M. Keezer,Assistant Administrator, in charge. DanA. West, Director.
War Production Board:
Donald M. Nelson, Chairman.Henry L. Stlmson.Frank Knox.Jesse H. Jones.William S. Knudsen.Sidney Hlllman.Leon Henderson.Henry A. Wallace.Harry Hopkins.
War Production Board Divisions:
Donald M. Nelson, Chairman.
Secretary, Herbert Emmerich.
Purchases Division: Douglas MacKeachle,Director.
Production Division: W. H. Harrison, Di-rector.
Materials Division: Wm. L. Eatt, Director.
Division of Industry Operations: J. S.Knowlson, Director.
Labor Division: Sidney Hlllman, Director.
Civilian Supply Division: Leon Hender-son, Director.
Progress Reporting: Stacy May, Chief.
Requirements Committee: Wm. L. Batt,
Chief.
Statistics Division: Stacy May, Chief.
Information Division: Robert W. Horton,Director.
Legal Division: John Lord O'Brian, Gen-eral Counsel.
U.S. 60VE r. 'JUL NT PR I ST INC OFFICE: I 042