1888.

VICTORIA.

VICTOliiAN vVATER SUPPLY.

SECOND _._tiNNUAL GENERAL llEPORT

ny

TIIE SECRE'N1RY r,OR ]IlNES AND 1VATER SUPPLY.

I.'l~ESEXTED TO BOTH IJOG~E:-l OF PAHLIXME~T BY IJIS EXCELLEXCY'i3 CmBIAND.

ti!! a:nt~orit)): ROBT. S. BRAIN, GOYERN111ENT PRINTER, MELBOURNE,

No 83.~ l3~. 6d. ]-20H.

APPROXllllATE COST OF ImPORT.

l'reparatlon nnd cost of map and plans-Not gh·cn. J'rintlng ( 1,700 copies)

£ 8. d.

77 0 0 --.....-

liE PORT.

Victorian Water Supply, Treasury Gardens, Melbourne, 4th September, 1888.

T!te llonorabte A((l·ed Deakin, 1.lfinister qf J1i'ate1· Supply, c)·c., <)·c., <)·c. Sm,

Great activity has heen displayed in every hranch of this Department during the past twelve months. The amount of preliminary lvork, and investigation of details, required to ensure the initiation of schemes, sufliciently matured to warrant their being put forward as practical projects, can hardly be renlized by the non­professional public. The pnrticnlars given herein, and in the accompanying Appendices, will indicate, in ::-;ome measure', the extent and variety of the engineering and surveying work, and of the administrative efforts in the way of removing ditli­cultics, and t>ecnr:ing co-operation among those having eommon interests, involved in the inauguration of a new system of water t>npply, applicable to the ·whole of the arid areas of the Colony; and for the extension of which urgent demands are heing simul­t:meously made from all quarters.

Iu this Second Annual Report for the year ended 30th June, 1888, the :-;equence observed in thnt of last year \rill, as far as possible, be maintained. The works administered directly by oflicers of the Government will be considered first, and afterwards those schemes under the control of municipal bodies or Trusts. The Appendices are also arrauged in a similar manner, hut their number has been increased.

Last year considerable space was devoted to matter explanatory of the Victorian Water Conservation Acts 1881-85, and The lrri,qation Act 1886. Occasion was taken ahw to review the labours of the Hoyal Commission on "\Vater Supply, and generally to consider the question of the relation of the State to irrigation. It will be unnecessary to again review the history of the water supply leg:islation of the colony, hut merely to advert briefly to that of the past year. ··

LEGISI.ATION.

The law relating to Irrigation TrustH was consolidated in 1886, and during the last session of Parliament an Act 'vas passed, No. 946, consolidating the various "\Vater Conservation Acts 1881-86, so fhr as they relate to domestic and stock: supply. Of these there were five: No. 716 of 1881, No. 778 of 1883, No. 829 of 1884, No. 859 of 1885, and No. 893 of 1886. So much of each of these as had not been already repealed was repealed by the ne1v Act, "except as to all actions, suits, proceedings, agreements, contracts, act;.;, things, and mmtgages duly commenced, pending, done, made, entered into, executed, validated, or confirmed thereunder or thereby, and except as to any offences committed or partly committed, penalties and liabilitie::; incurred, and rights, privilege~, engagementt>, and remedies existing or acquired there­under." (See Sect. 2.) Tlte same section fhrther provided that all \Yaterworks Trusts constituted under former Acts should for the future he deemed to have been duly constituted under, and should continue to be suhjeet to the provisions of, this Act. By this consolidation the legislation affecting \Vater Trusts has been much simplified; the Irrigation Act No. 898 of 1886, tlealing wlwlly with Trusts formed for irrigation purposes, and the new Act, No. 946, dealing wholly with Trusts formed to secur~ domestic and ~toek ::;upplies, are now the only two on the Statute-hook directly affectmg \Yater supply hy local coq)orations.

A very important proposal relating to the future of all Irrigation Trusts was announced by the Honorahle the Premier in the Budget statement. The Irrigation Aet provides that ''national works" shall be constructed bv the Government, hut that inter~st on the cost shall he guaranteed hy the Trusts whvo would benefit by their constructwn, ·whether or not they use water from the works. Now, however, it is proposed to construct " nRtional works " in districts affording sufficient evidence of being prepared to utilize a large water supply, without requiring immediate guarantees

AZ

ft·om the Tn1sts, mlCl so to exempt these hodie:l fi·om finaneialrespon:-;ihility on their account f(n· a period 1vbich may extcml to ten years from the date of their constitution. This proposal, it is anticipateJ, will give an impetus to irrigation, as it will relieve pro­perty owners of much of the risk inevitably attendant on the initiation of schemes in their earlier years.

VICTORIAN \VATER SUPPLY \VOHKS. I.-Cor.mAN Scrn:.Jm.

There has heen a considerable increase in the capital account of the Coli ban scheme during the ycnr. The expenditure has been mainly on account of three items, the Malmsbury Ucservoir, the Loekwood and 1\IaTono· channel, and the Specimen Gully reticulation, all of which may he expected to contribute to the revenue in excess of the interest charges they will entaiL In the ease of the channel and reticulation works, the interest is guaranteed by the local qouies, for the benefit of whose constituents they have been carried out. The Malmsburv Heservoir works will largely increase the general efficiency of the scheme, as the p1:~wtical capacity ot this main storage has been much augmented.

The capital account at the enu of the financial year 1vas £1,064,414, having been increased during the year hv £12,096 5s. 7d. The increase was made up as follows:- ·

Lockwood and Marong channels, Specimen Gully reticulation, and minor works

Sandhurst reticulation extensions Malmsbury Reservoir works

Total

£4,535 1 598 19

6,962 5

0

4

£12,096 5 7

The gross revenue was £21,201 2s. lid., and the maintenance :nul management account £9,001 6s. 1d., leaving a net revenue of £12,199 16s. IOd., almost identical with that for the previous year, which was £12,221; the net revenue was 1·146 per cent. on the principal, or somewhat less than the n:te paid last year, ·when it was 1·161 per cent. It must, however, he home in mind that the addition to capital on account of works could produce no revenue du.ring the year, as they were not c.ompleted until near its close, aml the rate of interest earned wculd he tlrm; lowered. At 4k per cent. on the cost the interest would he £47,898, or £35,G98 in excess of the net revenue.

Appendix 1 gives a comparative f'tatement of capital outlay mul revenue for the past five years.

An important suhject in eonncxion with this scheme that engaged attention early in the year was the reported pollution of the ,supply at several places in the catchment of the principal reservoir. Complaints having been made that nuisances existed tending to affect the purity of the water, an officer was despatched to inspect and furnish n report. As this showed that they ·w-ere not without some foundation, immediate steps 1verc taken to put n stop to, and to prevent the recurrence of, objectionable or insanitary practices within the area of the \Yntershed. Notices were served on the owners of private properties, who have in every case evinced a disposition to give effect to the rcquirenwnts of the Depart­ment. \Vhere persons are in illegal occupation of reserved lnnds \vithin the drainage area, steps are being taken for their t>jectment. It is therefore hoped that, in a brief time, uo cause of complaint will exist. In the case of the Crusoe Ueservoir, which provides part of the supply to Sandhurst, and into which it was reported that drainage flowed fi·om adjoining tenements, one property was purchased, and an inter­cepting catchment channel cut, so as to prevent pollution from others. The Chief Eno·ineer advises that thorough ins1Jcctions of the princi1)nl drainage area shouhl be

0 ~

made at fi·equent intervals ; that the smaller drainage areas should be similarly examined by the local officers ; and that the results should he embodied in the Annual Report to the Minister.

The improvements carried out at the Malmsbnry Heservoir during the year will have the effect of increasing the maximum capacity from 2,908 millions of gallons to 3,255 millions, and of removing any doubt that hitherto existed regarding the sufH­cicncv of the bye-wash accommodation. The practically available capacity is increased in a still greater ratio ; because hitherto, on account of the narrowness of the escapes)

it has been considered unsafe to fill the reservoir higher than ·within ahout 3 feet of its full supply leveL The combined length of the 1vaste weirs has now been increast•d fl'om 283 to 38;.) feet, and the chanucls and ovcrfalls thercfi·om have heen impl·oye1l and strengthened, so n;:; to permit a depth of 2ft. Gjn. or ilft. of water to flo1Y over them with safott·.

The increasetf capaeity been obtained hy adding a fal;:;e en:st 2 feet in height, of movable timlJcr stops, 1rith framing and gang\VilJ, to each of the escapes. It is not intended to maintain the higher level during the 1vinter season; aml the stopR will he inserted at the beginning of spring, when the river is appro::whing its summer >:olumc, so as to secure the filling up of the 'l'eSClToir to its maximum capacity for u,;;e during the dry season. The end of the emlmnkment next the eastern escnpc ·weir has hr·en strengthened by a retaining wall :';Hl filling; the pools below the llrops in the escape channel built up 1rith nwsom·y in eemeut ; tlF~ upper pool floored with ecnwnt eoucrete aml heavy pitching; and the lower OH(' with n•1lgmn erihs, fillC'1l with rnhhle ston~·. _\.t the 'n•stem eseape more radical changes have lwt:u eifected. The former ogee frtll, em·\·c1l on plan, ha:-; h2cn n·plaeed l,y one 100 fcpt longer, straight on plan; the pl'ofile hei11:_;· altered to meet the conditions of m1 inereasell volume of overfi11ling wah•l'; nnd nt its ii10t a wdl has been formed to ad as a eushion. Hitherto the valve tower eould onl.v he aPJn·oru:hell 1rith the aiel of n boat lmt designs null estimates have hel'll prepared f;1r a light iron foothridgc f]:om the eutbnnlmwnt, whieh it is iutenued ::;hall be eonstrncted without delay. The n'Sl'lTnir h:1s been emptiell to the level of the sill the lowest inlet Ynlre (.)f the tower, mHl a thorough examination made of the hrwer, Yaln:s, outlet tunnel, and gates; a measure that was considered necessary, as it eonld not he ascertained. that these portions of the works hntl hC'cn properly exmninell sinee about the year 1872. One or two minor improve­ments, and some very neeessnry alterations nnd repairs, were made in the gearing of the ya]n~s n:al gates. As to the outlet tunnel, tllC' partial yielding uf whieh cam.;ed so mu eh trouble and anxiety in 1870, it is satisfiwtory to he a hle to state that the Chief Engineer reports it to be in a sonntl and senieeable conditiDn. ::\Ir. J\Iurray says '·1 examine(l the outlet tunnel, and found the work in apparently good ordel' and "uninjured. Some of the joints in the stone portion of the tunnel, in the soffit of the "Hl'('h, are n little open, pro1mhly ti·om the washing out of tho mortnr. Tlwre is "one open joint, 11ear the c1·own, cxtendin:~· fi·om 4 ynnls fi·om the mouth fi.n· n distance ''of 3'1 yards eontinuonsl v. This mi!d;ht, nudet· eertain circnmstanees, h:we been '• eause(f by Rome slig·ht shiftiug of th~ work; hut as the fi1ees arc fi1ir, and the "other joints mmHwed, rmeh is clead.v not the ease; it is probahlytho result of a heavy "bed of mortar used to make up a slad: joint in the original mm:om·.,~. The hritk­,, wurk is in perf(•ct condition in cyery re~;p(•ct. So is the irou pipe P"rtion of the "tunnel. There are iu thi~:> eight stny colmnus, set at irregular inten!a]s, keyed np in "the centr(;s. The intrados of the pi pC' is ]JPrieetly true and rt>gnbr throughout. The '' vnln: at tbo month d' the pipe is in good order, and the fiwes true ; the eentre·pin "nllve over the pipe leaks a good Jea.l, a mntter of no spe('ialmoment, lmt "·hieh 1rill "if pos:.;iblc he mnde good." o iucouvenicnee to the eommmers wm; oecnsioned hy the emptying of the h:ti'iu, aH it wns the season of minimum demmHl, and steps were taken to iill nll the locnl ,..;tor:H•'l'S f.-om the ehannels. It is confidently antiei]mted '·' . that the rest'J'voir will :fill ngain before the end of the wint.:_•r rains. Some improve-ments ;n·e being eaniPd out iu the reservoir reseiTe, whieh is k·ing planted with ornamental and fore~t tl'e(•s; mHl the uusig·htly condition of old excavatiol!M ami spoil hm is heiu2.· ameltde<l.

At the req~{est of the Council of the Shire of Mnrong, who gnamntee G per cent. intere,~t on the outlny, a cltmuwl :H miles in length has been eonstructe1l ta provide n donwstie and il'l'i,'.rHtion fmpp!y for farmers1 ti·uit gl'owers, Yip;ncrons, nml others oecn pying lands on the Pastern slopes awl flats of tln• Bnlloek. Creek Valley, ft·om Upper Loekwood to .\Iarong. The chnnnel j,, complete and tarrying· water; hut a further \York now hcing built is a n•seryoir at the head, with a enpaeity of ahout KOOO,OUO g·allon:~, hy means of 1rhic,h the ~>mppl,v to the dmmwl e:m he re,::sn­lnted md controlled. The con,.;trnetion wa:' lt•t !n' contrnet, in small t~eetiuns, witlJiil the means of pmtie~ ofloenl la honrers; n nd tltoug1~ tlJis involved a litt k• more eost for m:mngemPnt :md snpelTision thnn one larg·e eontraet would h:n·e llnne~ tlw result on the vdwlt>, S<lti::;fhetory f!-~Jm a finmwial point of view. The Loek \\'Ood nHd ?\Lu·m1p; ch~<mH~I, 11'11ich derives it..; ~o;npnlv thnn tlw ~)lK'timen Ilill race, n carr.·iwr enp::witv of ~/lUO,OOO gallons in 24 hot~l'~. .L ' ,~ • ,

6

Another work carried out under n 6 per cent. guarantee, fro:m the Shire of ..Metcalfe, was a short branch channel, service tank, and pipe reticulation for the domestic service of Specimen Gully, Barker's Creek; the supply lwing from one of the existing Colihan channels. More than three miles of galvanized wrought-iron tubing hnve heen put down, and water laid on to a large munher of <hvellings. 'The work has been completed, and found entirely satis£tetory. It is now revenue producing, and there is little probahility that the Shire Council will he called upon for any payment under the guarantee.

During the year some necessary expenditure was incurred in connexion vdth the reservoirs upon which the township oj; .Maldon is dependent for its domestic supply, aml which also provide water for a mnnher of mining plants. A sum of £100 was allotted fbr the removal of silt deposit fi'om these basins, hut this was subsequently increased to £17 5 on the recommendation of the Chief Engineer, who, having visited the works, found thnt, in addition to silt clearance, other irnprovements were urgently needed. These are being carried out, and :-;hould he completed in a few weeks.

Proposals have been suln:nitted fbr the constitution of an Irrigation Trust to provide water for the vineyards, orchards, and sma1l dairy f~mns in the valleys of the Emu and Sheep wash Creeks; the source of supply for tllC proposed Trust being the Coliban works, \vhich would become the national or head-wo-rks of the scheme. Hitherto all channel and pipe reticnlations for services fi·om the Colihan system have been constructed and administered by this Department; the Emu Valley Trust applica tion therefore marks a new departure. The project was examined, and f~worahly reported on hy an officer deputed under the provisions of .section 1 7 of T!te Irrigation Act 1886. The Chief Engineer, after inquiring· into the proposals of the promoters of the Trust, recommended them to the fiworable consideration of the Minister, who has adopted the recommendation and puhlisbed his declaration thereon. It is antici­pated that the landowners interested will accept the terms offered, and that a Trust, authorized to construct works for the distribution of the Coliban water to the lands of its constituents, ·will shortly be an accomplished fact.

Proposals have also been made for the formation of an Irrigation Trust to utilize the Harcourt Reservoir as a source of supply. Thi:; storage, though not actually con­nected with, nor supplied from, the Colihan channels, may he considered as pmt of the same system; a short branch to it might he cut at yery trifliug outlay. The Minister has promised favorahle terms to the promoters of the Trust, and a detailed survey has been made, at departmental cost, of about 26 miles of channel, f\·om the reservoir, along the flank of the low range bounding the Barker's Creek Valley on the '"'est, and into the valley of the Chinamen's or Muckleford Creek. Trial surveys have also hcen made for branches to connect with the .Mucldeford Creek Valley, at some point higher up, so as to command, if possible, a larger area. The character of the country that would be served by a channel fi·om the Harcourt Reservoir is similar to that in the valleys of the Emu and Sheepwash Creeks. The principal indm;try is fruit-growing, and there are some lands well adapted for the vine, besides considerable areas suitable for dairying, &c ; the class of cultivation therefore is one that can afford to pay a fair price for an efficient water service. No formal application umler the Irrigation Act has yet been submitted in this case, hut the matter is under tllC con;;ideration of the landowners affected, and it is anticipated a formal petition will be prepared, and proceedings initiated shortly.

A scheine is being prepnred f(n· submission to the locHJ bodies concerned, under direction of the Minister, by whiel1 it is proposed to transfer the control of the distribution works of this system to local management, retaining the reservoirs as national works. If the negotiations fi:n· this change should he suceessful, considerable gain '"'ill ensue both to the population served, and to the StatE>, whieh vvould thus be relieved of the detailed management of supplies distant from the central office. The aim of the Department is to establish a uniform system of local control for water supply in all parts of the colony.

II.-GEELOXG Sciml\m.

The capitnl account of these works has remained almost unchanged during the past financial year; only £118 17s. lld. having- heen added to it during the twelve­months. It now stands at £356,984 5s. 10d. '-'The gross revenue for the year wa;;; £8,415 7s. IOd., and the cost of manag-ement and maintenance, £2,725 1s. Sd.; leaving a net revenue of £5,690 6s. 2d., eqiml to 1 · 594 per cent. on the cost. At 4~ per

7

ceut. the interest on capital would he £16,064, or£ l0,37 4 iu excess of the net revenue; which latter sum therefore repre!'ients the direct loss to Government, on account of these works, for the yea1'. The gross rennue ~was £565 more than for the preceding year ; hut the management and maintenance aceount heing also larf2:er, the net reYenue exceeded that for the preceding year by only £210.

A similar proposal to that now in preparation to provide for local control of the Coliban :-;eheme has already been laid hefore the munieipal hodie:-; of the Geelong district, in conuexion with a proposed nevY supply tbnn the Barwon River. A memorandum was prepared dealing with the f~tcts of the case, aml embodying the views of the :Minister ou the subject; copies of which were sent to the Geelong Town Council, the Geelong \Vest Borough Council, ml(l the other public hodies interested. rl'he unsatisfactory character of the present supply, mul the advantnges thHt would accrue from the proyision of one superior in quality and quantity, were pointed out; the financial conditions of the project were discussed, and a definite offe1· made, which it is hoped will prove accepbtble. The total cost of the Geelong works to the end of the financial year 1886-7 having heen £356,8G5, it was shown that this amount was divisible as follows:-

Headworks vVorks of Conveyance Reticulation... '

Total

£122,173 163,417

71,275

£356,865

Should the Barwon scheme be carried out, the present headworks would he quite useless, as far as Geelong is concerned, though possibly valuahle in relation to the supply of part of the county of Grant; it was proposed therefore to transfer the amount of their cost to a new account. The works of conveyance would he partially useful for the purposes of a new scheme, so it was proposed to write off half their cost, or £81,708. The third item, pipe reticulation of Geeloug, would remain as a valuable asset; and it ~was proposed that it should be taken over at its full cost hy a vVater­works Trust, which it was suggested should he formed; and to whom further moneys would be loaned to carrv out the Bar·won seheme. The total indebtedness of the new Trust would then be-

Existing Headworks , 'Vorks of Conveyance (half) , Reticulation

Cost of Barwon Scheme

Total ...

Nil £81,708

71,275 130,000

£282,983

. _For this ~um an unfailing supply of the hest ·water, and a scheme capable of mdefimte expanswn to meet gro·wing wants, -vnmld he secured. The proposed trust might at first have to levy a somewhat higher scale of charges than that now in operation ; hut against this must he placed the greater abundance and purity of the supply, the new sources of revenue that would be opened up, the increase in value of property, and the gradual extinction of the debt hy the creation of a sinking fund. The question is still under consideration hy the munieipal bodies interested, and it is hoped that a definite and satisfactory conclusion will shortly he reaehe<l.

IlL-GoLD-FIELDs' REsimvoms.

Among questions that have engaged attention during the year, has been that of the future management of the gold-fields' reservoirs. In order that information on the subject should he as complete as possible, an engineer wns deputed to inspect these works, to report on th<~ir condition, and the purposes which they serve, and to advise as to the best course to he adopted in regard to them. Of reservoirs constructed hy the Government, for the senice of the g·old-fields, at various times since the year 18G1, 28 still remain under the jurisdiction of the 1\liniug· Department, of which, how­ever, two are in ruins. The remaining 2G are reported to he, as a rule, in good condi­tion, and of more or less local utility. With three exceptions, they are either lease(l to,. or under the eontrol of~ local municipal hodies, shires, or horough eouncils, one hemg leased to a private person, and two others unleased. These reservoirs, con­structed to meet the prrssing wants of large mining populntious, hlol.ve long ceased to

8

fulfil the purposes for which they were provided; it would therefore seem desirahle that the local bodies hy whom they are controlled, and to whose constituents only they are now usefuL should assume the ownership. To effect this, however, it appears that special powers will he required; as although Government is authorised by statute to lease, it has no authority to sell the worlts. It hns therefore been recommended that a short Act be obtained, to enable them to he finally disposed of to the loc::tl public bodies; to whom they would be made over for a nominal consideration. 'Vhere the local bodies are unwilling to assume ownership, the re-;ervoirs, being presumably valueless, should be breached, so that they may not become sources of danger. It is believed, however, that in few, if any cases, will there be any indisposition on the part of those interested to purchase the works; but that the reasonableness of the Govern­ment divesting itself of further responsibility in regard to them will be recognised.

'VoRKS FOR DoMESTIC SuPI'LY coNSTRUCTED ouT OF GovERNMENT LoANS.

'l'he Local Governing Bodies Loan Acts, .Nos. 448 and 500. Particulars regarding these works will be found in Appendices 8 and 4. The

Acts under which the loans were granted are of older date than the first of the Victorian vVater Conservation Acts, and were intended to enable :Municipal Corpo­rations to provide water supplies for the service of their constituents.

The list of bodies that have availed themselves of these lW\vcrs remains almost the same as for last year; one that was in the previous list--" Newham Shire"-heing shown among the 'Vaterworks Trusts under the name of '; vVoodend"; and one, "Korong Shire," now appearing for the first time. The population supplied by these works is 81,400, and their cost has been £712,081, of which £691,545 was derived from Government loans. In my former report it was pointed out that, though generally speaking, these schemes are of great public utility, enhancing the value of property, and improving sanitary conditions, their financial results have not been satisfactory. There has been some improvement in this respect during the year, as the arrears of interest amounted to £128,705 at its close, £4,155 less than the sum due at the end of the previous year. The improvement, however, is more apparent than real, as the bulk of it is due to the capitalization of hack interest, under promises of endeavours to make good past default, and only a smnll part to the actual reduction of indebtedness. Of the total, no lcsH than £124,7 38 is due by four corporations­Ararat, Clnnes, Stawell, and Talbot-whose liabilities have increased by £11,000 during; the year. I vmuld here direct attention to the recommendations, in my Repo~t for last year, relating to munieipalities making defnult in payment of interest on their loans ; and would repeat that the necessity f{n· such action as then advised has not abated.

vV ATERWORKS TRUSTS.

Administered Undez· Act J.Vo. 946. The total number of vVaterworks Trusts, administered under Act No. 946, is

28, or 4 more than last year. Particulars concerning them being; given in Appen­dix 5,, and further separate details of the rural and urb:m sehemes in Appendices Nos. 6 and 7. ::3ome of these Trusts are purely urban; wbilst, of the remainder, most supply both rural areas, and urban districts within those areas. The amount of loans granted to the end of the financial year was £636,471 15s. 2d. The amount of interest paid durina- the year was £14,148 16s. 6d. (See Appendix 9.) It must he observed, however, that as interest only becomes due at the end of the finaneial year, and in many cases was not paid in tor some little time after, the actual total outstandiug amount is much less than shown bv the Treasurer's hooks at the close of the financial year. The unpaid balance is in" fnct now only £1 G,412 5s. lld., as further shown by the statement referred to; and there is no reason to doubt that a large proportion of' this will he paid within the next few months. In certain instances the Department has bccn obliged to use pressure, and to insist on the striking :md collection of rates. Arrangements have been made for the re-valuation of the liabilities of the Avoca Trust, seYerai of whose weirs were carried a way by floods, and others so severely damaged that their repair involved considerable outlay. A receiver has been nppointed to take over the works of the Loddon United Trust, but has not procceJcd to the distt·iet pending overtures for a settlement now under consideration. In every case payment of interest is being strictly enforced.

9

The water supplies to rural as distinguished fi·om urban districts nre the same in number as last year, viz., 14; hut the area served, and the capital cost, have slightly increased, owing to extensions. The area supplied is 5,090,040 acres, the estimated cost £()18,019, and the amount advanced to date £565,181. Rurnl 1Yorks under Act 946 nmy be expected to decrease, as many of the Trusts will be reconstituted under the Irrigation Act No. 898, under which it is probable all future rural Trusts will be appointed. Appendix No. 6 gives details of the schemes; and from Appendix No. 8 it will he seen that, of the specinl Parliamentary Grant of £100,000 for bead works, £98,160 ]il:s. has been granted, and £97,171 2s. 9d. has heen paid.

Appendix No. 7 gives particulars of urhan water r;upplies, administered under the "\Vater Conservation Act No. 94(). They are shown under three heads-works completed, works authorized and in process of construction, and schemes Htill under consideration. Ender each head there is an increase on last year'H iig·nres. The completed schemes numher 21, an increase of f(mr during the )~ear; th~ population supplied is 26,0GO, showing· an increase of ahout 2,400; and the cost is £176,511, as against £155,11 0 at the close oflast year. The srhemes anthorizetl an cl in process of eonstruction are five in numher, mw more than last year; the populntion that will he sened 4,1.50, against 2,375; and the estimate(l cost £30,017, ngainst £11,GOO. Five srhemes are under consideration, for the supply of 5,GOO persons, at an estimate1l cost of £20,2GO. Lnst vear, under this head, the m1mher of iidH:mes was three, for a population of 7,500, at' nn estimatetl cost of £45,551. The total numher under all headings is now 31, heing an increase of eight during the twelve months; a sufficient proof that local bodieR, charged with the governnwnt of urhan districts, are fi.1lly alin' to the advantages of the Act, ar1(1 prepared to avnil themselves of its provisions.

lJ ImA;-.;r SuPrLms J<'HOM GorJDHELns' HEsJmvoms AD:IHXISTEmm CNDEH THE IocAL Govm:x::>.rENT AcT.

Goldfields reservoirs are in niue cases the sources upon which urhan districts are dqlCndent, or partly so, for their water supplies. Only two, howc\'er, IG!more and Timor, fall exdusively under the above heading; the others heing administered under either the Loeal Goveming Bodies Loan Ad, or the \Vater Consenation Act No. 046. The exceptions are hoth administeretl h.Y shire couuei1s, the firHt hy the shire of Kilmore, the second hy tlw shire of Tullaroop, who have leased the reservoirs at nominal relltals, ami reticulated their areas out of shire fnnds.

TnusTs UNDER TII.E InmGATION AcT, No. 898. The progress under thi;,; heading has hecn rapid and general ; ten Trusts

have to date been aetually constituted under the liTigation Aet of 188G, the gross area of the districts under their eontrol heing· 848,620 acres, and the net irrigable area, 704,688 acres. The total amount of the loam> authorize(} to he advanced f(n· the constrndion of their works is £586,367; of \Yhich £144,889 has heen already paid. A large proportion of this latter sum, no less than £135,170, has been lent to the Tragowel Plains Trust, whose district is the largest of any existing Irrigation Trust, exeept the recently-eonstitnted \Vestern \Vimmera, and whose works are pmeticnlly completed. lle:-;ide:-; these, nineteen applications for the appointment of Trusts nre under eo11sideration, the gross nren aft('eted ln>ing 1,401,780 aeres, of wl1ieh it is estimated that 1,122,849 acres are irrigable, and that 27 6, 772 ne res would he irrigated anmmlly. The presellt value of the irrigable nrea within the districts appJied to he constitntt>u is estimntl•d at £i,511,80U, aml the estimated cost of the sehcnws is £!)25,~JM. In ten of tlwse uinetecn cnses, the first petitions havP been finally dealt 'rith awl deelared ou hy the M inistt•r, nnd the se<>oml petitions are being prc·pared hy t1H~ promotPrs. Delay has been oeeasi.oned in some eases, owing to the crude form in which npplieations have hecn i"nbmitted, rendering it necessary that they should he re-east by the Department, lwfore further proeeeding with them. Another cause of delay in the di::;posal of fin;t petition:·! has been the imp1·netieahle nature of the honndaries proposed, geograpl1ieal f(:atnres heiug altogether ignored, :m!l the first essential of a go<Hl irrigation scheme, the alig·nment of the elwnne]s with ret(•rence to tlw natural features of tht- country, has been sometimes oyerlooked. It lw;,; proYed difficult to make loeal bodies nudPrstand that the 1)oundaries of :1 shire mnv he very suitable ti:n· the effectin~ worhing of tlH: Local (}ovt>rmnent Act, hut th:'lt it by 110 mem1s f(Jllows thnt they are equally so as boundaries of an Irrigntion TruE;t. Inde(_~d thl• adoption of munieipnl boundaries has in::qnently to he · discomngcd,

10

owing to the unsuitable alignment of the channels tlu'ir adoption would entail. Sometimes there has heen indisposition on the part of Trusts to com hi ne for the pnrpose of constructing works for their joint benefit ; tl1c feeling ;wainst Sl)enditw money outside of the area. occupied by those responsible for its rel'myment being genercl,lly strong ; an<l hindering the considerntion of schemes thnt would othendse receive geneml support. These causes have combined to retard the appointment of Trusts; hut it is hoped that the recently announced new departure hy the Govern~ ment, as to the construction of Xational \Vorks, and the increased know ledge the people are acquiring regarding the essentials of successful irrigation schemes, will tend to reduce the diHicnlties. Particulars of proposeu '!'rusts will he found in Appendix No. 11.

The Irrigation Act 188G provides that all works carried out under its provisions shall he supervised hy duly qualified engineer;,;, certificated hy a Board of Examiners appointed to investigate the qualifications of candidates. The Board, eonsisting of the Chief Engineer of Water Supply, the Superintending· Engineer of the Melbourne Water Supply, and :w eng·ineer of the Public "\Vorks 'Depa~tment, have, up to date, granted 34 certificates. Appendices 13 and 14 give the regulations under which the examinations are conducted, and the names of the eandidat<~ who have passed.

NA'l'IO:NAL \V ORKS.

Parliamentary sanction has, as yet, heen obtained for the construction of only one work which 'vould he a national work of water supply within the meaning of section 124 of the In·igation Act 1886. Permanent surveys of a number of others are in progress. For one proposed national work, the Loddou River storage and l'Cgulating; basin, the contract drawings are well forward, and nre expected to he eeadv vvithin ahout a month . ...

The Goullmrn Hiver Wei1'.

This is the work for which Parliamentary authority has heen given ; a contract for its construction is in hand, and fair progress is being made. The contract amount is £90,836 15s. 8d., hut it is likely that this sum will he exceeded, in consequence of certain alterations that have hcen found to l1e neces­sary during the 1)rogress of the work, and of othel'S tlmt have been entailed by the enlargement of the offtakes beyond what was originally intended. The contract was signed in March, 1887, hut in consequence of the unusuall.Y high and protracted floods of last winter, no commencement in the river channel was made until the follo-vv~ ing summer, although a large quantity of material was prepared. The river began to rise early in June oflast year, mul it was not until January of the present year that it fell sufficiently to admit of any marked progress being mnde. The first coffer-dam was completed and the permanent work commenced in February, and prosecuted with vigour up till .June last, when the river again commenced to rise. The construction is now suspended, in the channel of the river, f(w the 'vinter; hut the masonry is sufficiently advanced in the hanks to allow of the construction there being carried forward. The appended plan, ele\ration, and section 1vill convey some idea of the character of this weir when completed; the line shading on the elevation sho·ws the permanent work actually in position at ,July last. The value of the work executed ami materials on the ground at July was £33,844, 01' fully one-third of the original contract sum. }faterials are provided and prepared sufficient to complete ahout one-half of the concrete work required, and about six~sevenths of the stone f<n· the granite masonry hacking is on the ground; the quantity dressed ready for setting, or set~ being fully four~sevenths of the whole. The floods of la;,;t winter, the highest since 1870, were taken advantage of to revise and complete the gaugings of the Goulhurn River. These revised com­putations have shown it to he necessary to add to the numher of flood-gates in the weir, and it is now decided to have 21, in place of 18 as originally intended. It has appeared advisable also to suhstitute hydraulic for hand power for the movement of the reaulating gates, awl it has heen arranged to ohtain this power from turhines worked hv

0the rive1~ water. It ha:-; heeu decided to en1arQ;e the ofi'takcs fmm the weir, so as to

divert 100,000 cubic feet per minute on the west'side and 20,000 cubic feet per minute on the east side of the river, in place of 7 5,000 cubic fett per minntf' and 10,000 cubic feet per minute as originally intended. In other respects the work ,.,m he in accord~

11

ante> with the original design. The contract time for tlw eompldion expires at BOth .Tune, 1RH~), an{lnotwithstamliug the loss of time cauS{'d hy the risP of the river, it is not nntieipnte<l that it will lw delayed more than ahont month:-; nft{'l' thnt date.

Iu eomwxion with t]w GOilllmm 1wir, which will provide for the diYe>rsion of 1vater ti·om the river dmnnel, intimiltt'ly a~sociatcd ~with it, aml t(mning in fi1et part of the same s1·stem of headworkR, are, the reservoir to he constructed in the \Vnranga Swamp, so~ne 20 mileR north-west from the offtake, wherein the ·water is to l)e stored for suimncT use, and the ehn.nnd to convey it from the 1-i"n~r to the lmsiu. The pNmanent survey of the \Yestern channel is complete(] for a distance of seYen miles helow the weir, and the trial and permanent surveys of the remainder, down to \V:mmga S,nunp, are in progrt•s;;. The permanent sm·yeys for the stornge hnsin nre nlso in hand aud well f()l'ward.

Lorldon Storage and Regulating Basin.

During the pnst yenr, a surveyor of the Department has heeu engaged in making detailed surYeys: and thoroughly testing the m1ture of the ground at the various sites more or less snit:1hle for the erection of weirs across the Loddon RiYer, between Rnmbold's crosHing and Laanecoorie. From the data thus collected, the Chief Eng·ineer has hceu ahle to confidentlv select site No. 10, about half-a-mile ahove Laaneeo~rie Bridge, as the one possessing inore fitvorable points than any of the others examine{l. The objections which were formerly raised as to the treaeherous nature of some of the gTound that would he submerged, and the consequent loss, hy percolntiou, of the impounded wnter, can now with sntcty be withdrawn, as the shafts and bores put down show the grouml within the submerged area to be fairly retentive through­out. The permanent suney of site No. 10, including the mari\in1.:: out of the necessarv contour lim~~, and the definition of the lauds req uir~cl to he take1~ f(,r work, will h~ completed during September. The surveys in the immediate vicinity of the proposed weir are finished, and other needed local information has been obtained. From these data, an estimate of eost, sketeh-plan, and memorandum descriptive of the works proposed to he carried out have been prepared and submitted to the .Minister; and the eontrnct drawings, from which it wilJ he {'Onstructed when the 1wees8ary snnetion has hcPn obtained, are being· gone on with. All ~Sites suitable for the erection of a weir, of suffieicut height to give the required amount of storage, het\Yeen Newstead and Laanecooril~ \\'{'re thoroughly examined, and their merits fully tested and di;;;cussed before site No. 10 was finally selected.

BoRINGS I1'0R "\VATEu. Boring·s in search of undergTound or artesian waters have been carried on at

Mordialloc, ;lt Brrll.rrogan, at NancwiHock, and at \Virmhirchip nnd .Khill iu the N orth-vYestern District.

Jl1ordialloc.

Two bores were put down, the :first of whieh was abandoned at 100 feet hy the forernan, on encountering what he believed to he granite, but which snbse(1uentlv proved to he only hard cement. V

The second bore was carried down to a depth of 240 feet, and struck wate1', which rose to within 3 feet of the surf"iu:e ; but was abandoned in exceeding-lY bard basalt the appliances proving unfit to eope with it. It is the opinion of )Jr. k'A. F. 1\furrav: the Govermnent Geological Surveyor, tha.t if this hasnlt were penetrated, a \Yate~·­bC'aring stratum may probably be found beneath it.

BaUyrogan. Two bores were put down-one 160 feet, the other 155 fet't deep. In No. 1,

~water was struck at 128 feet, and rose 13 feet in the hore. In No. 2 bore, water was struck at 145 feet, and rose 13 feet, or to \Yithin 123 feet of the surfhce.

Narrewillock.

Five bores were put down.-No. 1, 175ft. Gin.; No. 2, 105ft.; No. 3, 131ft.; . No. 4~ 167ft. 6in.; and No. 5, 181ft. 6in.

12

In No. 3 bore, ·water 1ms strm:k at 115 feet, and in No. 4 at 114 feet. In the latter case, the watl'r is now 55ft. Gin. deep in the bore, indicating: a rise of 2 feet.

. . From a fmther report, received from the Shire Engiueer,' it appears that two add1twnnl bores h:rve been put dnwn. In one of these, J 81ft. Gin. deep, on the N arrc:\-illo;k ResPITe, a ii1ir Bnpply of good water was struck at 109 feet. The other, two miles inrther north, put down ti·om the hottom of Flynn's well, reached a splendid supply of fresh water Ht about 130 feet, the water rising rapidly 35 feet in the bore.

Nhill. In pursmmcc of the npprovcd scheme for testing the north-western district for

l~1ndcrgro:md 1rakrs, ''}tielt it seems cerb1in mnst pnss here on their way seaward, from Central .Ne\V South Wales ami Southern (~uecnsland, tl1e hore, at the first locality chosen, at Nhill, was carried down to a dc•pth of 1, 172ft. Gin ; hut the hed-rock having been then readted, it was ohvionl:'ly useless to bore further, and the drill is now being shifted, to continue operations nt n' point further north, on n line towanls the :MmTa)~· This point iH some tweBty nrilcs distant ii'om Nhill, and ten miles ahead of vrhere boring is now ill progress with n Canadian pole-drill; the latter locality lJcing the ~->ame ns that where wnter wns struck previously, lmt the here lost at 943 feet. The new bore had reached a depth of 882 f(•t't cm ,J nne 30th, 1B88.

A contract has heen entered into with 1\Ir. Longhend, managing director of the Federal Artesian \V ell Boring Company, to bore still further along the northward line towards the }\1urray. An aggregate depth of 10,000 feet is to be bored, and each hore is to be earried, if n'q nircd, to a < lcpth of 1 ,tiOO feet. The first site is some thirty miles from N hill, or a.hont ten miles in advance of where the diamond drill is about to resume operations.

J17irJnUircfl ip. Another northward lim', from Comck towards the Murray, has been chosen

for boring. The first bore, pnt down under contmct hy .Messrs. "\Vaddell and Miller, at Corack, reached hod-rock at a slmllow depth, and the machinery was moved to \Virmhirchip, where the second horc; has rece11tly hottometl at 760 feet, showing· a deepening of the bed-rock in that clireetion. A g·ood supply of fi1ir stock-vrater, rising to within 30 feet of the surfhce, was met with lH'rc. A third bore is to be put down some ten milei; further northward, towanls the central portion of the Murray basin. The position of tllese line:-; of horing·s is shown ou the plan with this Report.

HlYEH GAI:GING.

This work, as now earried on hy the Departnwnt, emlm1ces the continuous gauging of eighteen of our most important rin·rs. nt .:?6 (~iftcrent points. A~ ~he n•cords in our possesswn of the water-leYels of Vtetonan nvers, and of the ramfall on their drainage areas, extend hn.ek, n:'; a rule, only a few years, the results of these gaugings must he regarded as of limited yalue, although it is one thnt i8 con­tinually increasing with the lapse of time, :m<l the extension of the period eon:red hy the observations. In tht· case of the ::\Inrrny at Echucn, howmer, reliable particulars have been traced hack through a period of O\'Cr twenty years, and fttirly approximate results computed aml talmlate<l.

Tables, giving synopses of the gangings of the :Hurray, below the juuction of the Mitta, at Howlong, bc1mY the junction of the Ovens, at Echuca, and at Tooleyhnc, and of the 2\Iitta at Talla11gatta, tbe Kiewa at Kiewa, the Ovens at its junction with the :Murray, the Goulhum at Mnrehison, the Campaspe at Hoehester, the Loddon at Bridgcwater, and the \Vimmera nt Glcnoreby, together with particulars of tbeir drainage areas, aml, in some ea::.:es, of the rainfall, have nlready been published. Further tables of the discharges, &c., of the i\Inrray at Eehuea, the Goulburn at :Murehison, the IGewa at Kiewa, the Mitta at Tallangatta, the Ovens and the King at "\Vangaratta, rc-compnte<l from the most recent ohserYations and records, are in course of preparation, and wiH be published shortly. Gnngings of the J\iurray at Alhury, Howlo11g, and 1\Iildma, and of the Drokcn RiYer, Campaspe, Co]ihan, Loddon, \\'immer;a, l\IcKcnzie, Glenp]g~ IIopkius, Little Hiwr, Lenlenkrg, \Verrihec, and Tambo, are also being- proceeded with.

There nre two nwthods in ordinary use for the gnugi.ng of rivers \Vheu a weir is a.vailahle, by nsiug the daily rec::onls of the depth of water on the sill, and the dimensiom; and conditions of the wnter-\Yay, in eonjunction with appropriate formulce.

13

:2nd. Bv notirw the daily level of the surfr1ce of water in the river, ns inclicntetl by tne .; h • • I f'l f'l readings of a gaug·c staff; aseertnin~ng· the :~ross-seetwna are~ o t te watcr-~v~l,V o . t 1e

clumncl at each level; and then, hanng ohtmlled the correspoll(tmg mean veloettles of the current, combining these with the areas to get the discharge at ca?h lev:~I: Bo~!l methocls have already been fully descrihed, iu connexion with the gnugmg of tile W mnncra at Glenorehy aml the Murray at Echuca respectiYely.

Tables of the whole of the river gaugings to date, which it ~vr~s in.tended to have pu hlishcd, have not yet been completed, owing chiefly to the resignation of one of the officers employed on the work, aml the appointment of a new officer. Never­theless, some results of last yenr's :Held ohservations have been ·worked out ; and, especially in the ease of those relating to the M urray at Eehuea, they serve to confirm conclusions previously talmlated.

It is hoped that the coming season will rdford such opportunities as may en::~ hle field operations, in the case of rivers uow under exmuination, to he advanced another step towards completion; after which the gauging of other rivers, in respect of which no work has yet heen done, will be taken in hand aud prosecuted in like manner.

AxALYSES oF "\VATER.

A mm1 her of specime11S of ·water from various rirers have been :suhmitted duriug the year for analysis, and detailed reports received as to their potable value. Arrange­ments have 11ow lweu made fin· ha.vinO' all the river waters of the colony aualvzed under n "" oJ -

the supervision of Mr. A. W. Pearson, Agricultural Chemist, who ''Till report fi·omtime to time as to the value of each for irrigation. A competeut gentleman has been engaged to nssist in this work, and it is hoped that valuahle information will he ready for pnhlication in the next Annual Heport.

PmzDs Fou InmGATION FARMS.

In the early part of the yenr it was determined to offer two sets of prizes to he competed for hy irrigators-one each of £50 and £25 rcspcctinly for the hest irrigated iimns, and one each of the same value for the l)cst varieties of irrigated crops. The eouditions of the competitions were printed and eirenlnted for gPliPr:ll informntiou, fnrthPr publicity heing secured hy mlvPrtising in the public pres:-:~ thronghont the colm1y. The matter attracted a good deal of puhlic attention, aml the result wns looked forward to with int<>rest. Two thoroug·hly eompetcnt jtHlges (:Hr. T. K. Dow, well known in connexion \Yith the ngrieultural press, and 1\1r. Tlwma:-; G. Pearee, of Baeelms Marsh) were good enoug·h to give their serviees, and suhmitted an intPresting report, with some vnhmhle suggestions, aB the result of thPie tonr of inspcetion. For the hest irrigated fi:mn thc•re were nine competitors, the first prizt' k•ing awarded to Mr. Daniel Viuce, Essex Fnrm, Bridgewater-on-Loddou; the secon<l to :JJr. \V . . J. vV. Patchell, of Kerang. The first prize for the best Ynriet_y of irrigated crops was awarded to Mr. John "\Vest, of Jlilvina, near Mooroopna; the second to Mr. David Millmrn, of Keilor; there heing five competitors. The competitions induced a £<tir amount of rivalry among irrigators, elieited some valuable information, and appear thus to have quite fulfilled their intended purpose. In order to ohtain as much further infom1ation as possihle regarding the experienee of irrigators in the colony, circular letters were addressed to some of the most successful; and of the replies, two-from Mr. T. G. Pearee and }fr. John 'Vest-are giYen in the Appeudiees. They eontain a hu·gc amount of prnctical information, likely to he of scrviee to irrigators. The conditions of the competitions are given in Appendices Nos. H> and 16.

J\fiLnunA InRIGATI0::-1 CoLONY.

This settlement has been founded under an agreement entered into between the 1-Io.n. the Jfinister of \Vater Supply and the Messrs. Chaffey Bros., and subsequently ratified by Parliament and embodied in a special Act. The colony is, to a cm·tain extent, under the control of the Department, whose duty it is to see that the terms of the agreement hetweeu the Gowrnment and the Messrs. Chaffey are carried ont; and that the lands me prepared and offered for occupation by settlers iu the manner provided by law. It is also en:1eted that certain exnenditure shall thnn time to time be carried out on the lands the subject of the ag{.eement, sneh expenditure being

14

certified to by an officer of this Department. The expenditure to 31st August, 1888, fifteen months, the first of the enterprise, i1'i certified by }\fr. Carr, the Accountant of the Victorian "\Vater Supply, as having heen £37,325. That required under the Act is £10,000 in the first year, and £35,000 in the first fin~ year;.;.

Application has heen made to the Crown Lands Department, under the terms of the agreement, for the issue of a Cro1Yu grant of so much land as the company is entitled to 'Within that portion of the settlement on which £5 per acre at least has been expended. The application has heen cmnplied with, and the deed issued. In the annual Directors' Report, issued by Cludt'ey Bros. Limited on ~Oth August, 1888, the land­owners of the settlement are given as 400, the area of land cleared 1,000 acres, the area placed under cultivation as 800 acres, and the area irrigated as 1,500 acres.

The report says:-" Of the main irrigation channels, 13 miles have actually "been completed, and there are 5 miles now in course of construction. In connection "1vith the 35-feet channel No. 1, about 15 miles of distributary channels have been "made. The .. work of reticulating the town has nlso been commenced. Upwards of " 1,000 acres have heen cleared, nnd of this area 800 acres haYe been ploughed and " prepared for the planter. A considerable portion of this has already been planted; " and, judging from the statements of the local nurserymen and planting contractors, " the area set out in trees and Yines will rc>ach 500 acres hefore thP season closes. " Some idea of the settlers' intentions may he gathered from the fact that, up to date, " there have been landed at 1\Iildura, for this season's planting, 120,000 orange trees " and fruit trees of various kinds, and 150,000 Yines.

"As planting operations have hut recently conunencetL there has been emu­" pHrativoly little to irrigate, at least so far as cultiYated land is concerned. An area "of about 80 acres has been regularly supplied from a temporary channel, filled hy a " 6-inch centrifugal pump, worked by a portable engine. For some months past the " pontoon pumping plant has been employed at the 35-feet level, raising water for " grass irrigation. The area thus operated upon comprised ahout 1,500 acres. The "present sptem of channels proYides for the irrigation of about 15,000 acres, and " the pumping plants now in course of erection are desig-ned on a correspondingly "liberal scale. It is thought that ample provision is made for the requirements of " the settlement for some vears to come.

"The fencing com1;leted durinp,' the year amounted to 60 miles, of which 37 " miles consisted of wire netting, the balance being post and wire. An area of about " 6,000 acres has been ringed during the year.''

A report on the :Mildura Colony, and on the progress of settlement there, was made by the Chief Engineer of "\Vater Supply on 16th April, 1888. It is given in full in Appendix No. 20.

CoKCLUSION.

The foregoing brief 1·esume \Vill eonvey some idea of the nature and extent of the work carried out by this Department during the past twelve months, of the measures adopted to meet the public demand for intormation to serve as bases for projects of water tmpply and irrigation, and of the present position of the schemes that have been carried out or are heing initiated. It is due to the officers, both professional and clerical, to say that they have displayed the utmost activity and zeal in the discharg'e of their duties, and have heartily co-operated in the endeavour to meet the reqt~irements and expectations of the public. That the important under­taking on which we have embarked will result in great and lasting· benefit to the agricultural interest, and, through it, to the general industrial ad~ancement of the colony, is a universally expressed hope; and so far as may he inferred from our as yet limited experience, it is one that bids fair to he amply realized.

I have the honour to he, Sir, Your most obedient servant,

C. "\V. LANGTREE, Se~retary for Mines and 'Vater Supply.

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tt ttrtau PL.A.N"

Shewing TRUSTS CONSTITUTED and PROPOSED under WATER CONSERVATION and IRRIGATION ACT, TOWNS SUPPLIED under LOCAL GOVERNING BODIES LOAN ACT and WORKS CONSTRUCTED and PROPOSED by the VICTORIAN WATER SUPPLY DEPARTMENT to 30/6/88.

WATERWORKS TRUSTS SHEWN BY BLUE COLOR URBAN DISTRICTS SHEWN BY BLUE CIRCLE PROPOSED URBAN DISTRICTS SHEWN BY BLUE CIRCLE IRRIGATION TRUSTS SHEWN BY RED COLOR -

REFERENCE

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PROPOSED IRRIGATION TRUSTS SHEWN BY HATCHED RED LINES -TOWNS SUPPLIED UNDER LOCAL GOVERNING BODIES LOAN ACT SHEWN BY RED CIRCLE ,

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TOWNS SUPPLIED AND WORKS CONSTRUCTED AND PROPOSED BY THE VIOTORIAN W .S. DEPARTMENT SHEWN IN BLACK

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I \

tlEW G.C ORilL

' I T:FriN .• ~\iCUR "'.· Q D .BOfltS.U

Jl!Ci:!g;>. ,. ·-J)\1{/u!,,td of),' t .' 1! A

OL.I.)I>-'"l..Ol'T

BORING OPERATIONS AB. C.D A C L1nes on which 1t has been

proposed to ea C'l;t Bori operations 1n search

of .Arles:an v.-ate;·s A 8 or C.D recornmended. A C d1sappro·•ed by Off1cers of the M:ning Deparr

Bore no-1; fin: herl at Nhill A. Proposed to c o n t 1 n u e on I ; ne North at i t e r·v a is of

·o-.

\0 rndes or thereabo

' I

I

I

OF VOlCANIC ROCI\

15

APPENDIX No. l.

CoLIBAN ScHEME.

CmlPARATIVE STATEl\IENT (H' CAPITAL OuTLAY, AND REVENUE, FINANCIAL YEAH.s 1883-4 TO

188/-8 INCLUSIVE.

Amount of Capitnl, Finnncial Year. Cost at close of the'

Fl!:nucial Year.

£

-----

£

--·---~~

.£ £ £ £ I883-4 t,ooo,o55 I7,552 7,830 9·722 '972 45,002 35,280 I884-·5 l,oo~h452 !8,993 6,gi4 I2,079 1'202 45,240 JJ,16I 18Ss-6 I,OJI,8}g 19,321 J,I95 12,126 I '175 46,4J2 34,306 1886-7 1,052,3J8 20,907 8,686 12,221 I 'I6J 47,354 35,133 !887-8 1,064,4I4 21,20! g,ooi 12,200 1'146 47,8g8 3 ),6g8

APPENDIX No. 2.

Gou>FIELDS RESBRVOirrS.

" Name of lte:serYoir. LucnliLy. Capacity. rm·puSt•. Cost. t"ntler wlu1t Control. ~~ <~

--·-~,-----~---

(tnUOJl;.). £ Yrs. £

Amherst Talhot ... I 3,813,000 :\lining z,Ioo .Amherst & TI:tck Ck. I Commons Board

Beaufort Beaufort 8),88I,OOO Mining I,99I Shire Council ofRipou 14June '69, 99 Blaekwood I"crderdcrg River 64>441,000 Mining I,ogo Shire Conncil ofllallan I .Jan. '64 ! 99 Buuinyong Buninvon" Jo,46z,oool Mining I,047 Borough of Buuiuyong I1 Aug.'74 99 4 Commissioners' Gully Castlcluai~e 7,coa,ooo ]\fining I,203 Borough of Chewton 1 .Jan. '64 99 Dean's Crcswick I 8 1000;000, J lomcstic Borough of Creswiek r ,Jan. '64 99 Duuolly (old) Dunolly 1],200~0001 J\lining I,912 llorough of Dunolly I .Jan. '64 99 IIepburn llaylesfonl 3 I ,284,000. Miuing 2,)27 Borough of Daylcsford I Jan. '64 99 Home bush AYoca ... s,ooo,ooo :\liniug 328 Shire of Avoca lnglewood (old) Inglewood s,6;o,ooo, l\lining 1,1 I 2 Borough of Inglewood I .ran. '64 99 Ing·lewood (new) Inglcwood 23,ooo,ooo

1 Domestic 4.95I lloroughof Inglewood l .Jan. '64 99

Kilmore Kilmore 14466,ooo' Domestic 2,986 1:-'hire of Kihnore 1 Jan. '66 99 Lam plough J,amplough 9,262,000 llliuing 1,288 Shire of Avoca 14 .June '69 99 Maryborough :\faryborongh 21 ,ooo,ooo Domestic 1,839 Boronghof:\faryboro', I .Jan. '64 99 No. l Quartz Reef ... Stawell l\fining Borough of Stawcll I I .J:m. '65 99 No. 3 Pleasant Creek i:Stawcll .i\Iiniug 8c5 Shire of Sta'l>cll ... I .Jan. '65 99 No. !J .Four l'osts Stawcll J,Ioo,coo' J\!ining So2 Shirl' of S1 aw~ell ... I Jan. '65 99 Nuggctty Gully 'rirnor ... 25,ooo,ooo Domestic 2,384 Shire of Tullaroop ; I9 Oct. '8 5 ! IO Oliver's (iully Aramt ... Ig,6Ij1000! Domestic s,ooo Borough of Amrat ... , I May '83 99 I Opossum Gully Aramt... 24,62I,ooo

1 )lining 2,48I \V. M.l:lnrke, lessee ... 20 Oct. '84 7 6

Hedbank Hcdhank 27,1oo,ooo~ . Mining 2,785 Shire of A voca ... 14 June '69 99 Sandy Creek Yackamlaudah 7o,ooo,ooo,! Aii11ing 2,835 V. W. S. Dept. . .. t

1:-'onth I

St. Arnaud St. Arnaml so,ooo,ooo Domestic I 5,343 Borough of St . .Arna ml• I ,Jun. '64 99 Tarnagulla Tanmgulla S,ooo,ooo Domestic 1,430 Borough ot'Tarnagutla 14 .June '69 99 \Vedderhurn \V cdtler lmrn 3,Ioo,coo llomcstic 2,590 ' Shire of Konmg "White Horse Hauges Hchastopol 4,83I,000 :3fining 2,862 V. W. o. Dept.

16

.APPE~DIX No. 3.

\VATER SuPPLY \VoRKS CARRIED OUT DY I~ocAL GovlmKI!\G BoDIES ouT or• IJOANS ADVANCED BY TilE GOVER!\MENT.

Name of LocH.l Governing Body. Descriptic'u of \Vorks+

-~~~-

Ararat Borough Urban. Gravitation Ballamt \Yater Commission Urban. Gravitation l.leechworth Shire (JJcechworth) Urban. Gravitation l~et Bet ~hire (GoltlslJorough) Urban. Gravitation ... l

Chiltern Shire (Chiltern) .. Urban. Gnwitation Clunes Boroug·h ... Urban. Gm vitation C:reswick Borough l'rban. Gravitation Daylesford B01ough Urban. G ra vi tat. ion Dunolly Borough Urban. Gra\·itation Hamilton Borough Urban. Gravitation Huutly Shire (Eimore) Urban. l'umpiug Inglewood Borough Urban. Gravitation Koroug Shire (Wedderhurn) l;1·ban. Gravitation Korong Shire (Korong Vale) Urban. Gravitation Leigh Shire (Hokewoou and Corindlmp) Urlmn. Grayitat.iou J\Iclton Shire (:tllcl!on) Urban. Tank Hipon Shire (Beaufort) Urban. Gr:witation Rutherglcn Borough Urban. Gravitation St. Aruaud Borough Urban. Gravitatic>n Stawell Borough crban. Gmvitation Talbot Bo1·ough ... l}rban. (}mvitation Tnrnagnlla JJorongh Urban. Gravitation Wangaratta Borough Urban. I>umping

Totals

* Oi this sum £ 326)3 19 is due to Govcrumcnt on account of 01·igiunl Loan nnd Ca.pitnlizeti InteHst.

t l>'or reticulation oniy; tiupply purchased from Railways.

l'opulation SUJlplied.

3,6oo 40,000

2,400 8oo

1,300 4·400 3,8oo 3,8oo I,)OO

3,300 6so

1,350 350 JOO 250

so I,coo

500 z,6oo s,ooo z,ooo

-----

t For catchw~ter clmins and reticulation 01tly; supply from llallway Department, by speeial nrtaugcmcnt.

co,t.

£ 47,500

362,000,. 2))000

t,ooo J,)O::l

70,19 5 3,soo

24,000 7,170

q,8 57 soot

4,150 965 6so t

I,ooo Soo

3,000 3,28&

12,000

1o8,5o6 xs,ooo

soo 4,000

17

APPENDIX No. 4.

LoANS TO CoRPORATIONs (Excr"usiVE OI<' WATERWORKS TausTs) FOR LocAL WATERWORKS. UNDER

"THE LoCAL GovERNING BoDIEs LoA!'< AcT 1872,'' 36 VICT. No. 448.

Name ol Corporation. Amount of Pav­

mcnta from~ Original Loan.

Principal as Reduced by por·

i tion of Interest ; applied to\\:ards i Redempt1on.

Interest due up to 3oth June 1888, calculated from date up to which Interest hM been p&id

in terms of Mortgage.

Total.

£ 11. d. £ ...

Date up to which Paid. Towards

Redemption. Total.

£ Ararat Borough Ballarat Water

Commission Beechwofth Shire Bet Bet Shire

, 45,5oo 0

I, 1 281,438 IS ) : 32,o18 15

::: I • 2;:~~~ ~

0 21752 IO

~~fi6J.966 ' 0 8,945 9

3I Dec. '87; 281,438 I 5

26 March '88 24,48 5 I 5

$, d. 9

s. d. 0 11125,39~ .• 10

0 I34 8 985 2 124 9 8

3. 66 9 9! I90 I9 0

Chiltern Shire {; 4,5oo

• so8 ... I 7o,I 95

3,5oo I6,ooo

0

6 ~·} 1,6I2 2 3I Dec. 4,470 I9 89 sj ... I 89 s Clunes Borough Creswick Borough

Daylesford Borough { ! Dunmunkle and St. !

Arnaud Shires Dunolly Borougi1 ... Hamilton Borough .. . Huntly Shire .. . lnglewood Borough .. . Korong Shire ... Newham Shire Ripon (Beaufort)

Shire

0

0

0

' J,IJ9 IJ

• 5,ooo 2,190

e II,ooo 500

3,5oo 1,564 5,ooo

0

0

0

0

0

8 0

0

1[ 25,85o 0

0 I,530 IO

~~} ol Oi Oi

0

0

si 0

729 402

3,545 I 54

2,o5s 290

2,628

0 11

61 II o

1 18 11,

... i 701I9) 0 I~· 12,865 16 30 June '871 2,989 I6 6

1

Il9 12 7' 19,357 18 o 59 r6 0

30 ,June 31 Dec. 30 June 30 June 31 Dec. 31 Dec.

I I9,I39 IJ 4 40I 2

. I '861 2,oss I8 Io 164 9 6

;~§I Jo,!~: ~ ~~ 229 15 o

1

.

'87 1 2,8I3 19 l: 112 IO 4

;~~~ ~i~~ ~~ ~~, ~~ 9 !,

I73 II

8:1. 4 10 4 15 10

56 5 l

6 13 10 ,p 4 8

32,223 1 79

574

I4 10 8 0

4 0

246 14 4 134 10 IO

168 15 6 1.6 15 2

123 13 10

Rutherglen Borough !

St. Arnaud Borough { !

Stawell Borough "'I T1tlbot Borough .... Tarnagulla Borough ! Wangaratta Borough ' Wimmera Shire

J,ooo J,l28 3

0

10 71 1 Jan. '88 2,388 9 7; I 2 101 i 3,094 2 loj 1,291 5 685 !2 19' 1,976 18

:~ :~ : 1 :!:~!~ r~ :138M~ .. I3 po,89310 Io,. 59,34~· 4 3 7 0

0 8 ' 14,g86 19 8 4.994 IS 5 Z,7i5 13 lt 7,780 12 4 8, JI Dec. '871 460 17 2 IO 7 si 3 9 21 • 13 16 7 o 31 Dec. '87: 3,151 6 xo. 63 o 5: 31 10 2 • 94 10 7

31 Dec. '87 I,so6 3 z: 33 17 8; II 5 11 19 45 3 7

.. -. --! 618,526~1 75,316 6--;1• 53,~88 ~~128,7o5~ Totals

! !

, .. \.et 5I Yict., No.930, assented to 2.8th November 1887,dirccts intcrest-.£51618 rss. 7<1.--to be payable hnlf"yearl:r on prineipal of £281,438 rss. tod., at 4 per <'&ut. per annum, until 3oth June 1894-thc 'frco.surer to fl:r tlie rate to be payable on 3vst Deeem.ber 1894, and thencefonrnrd; the deferred interest, t :per cent. per annum upon £z8r,.g8 15s. 10tl., trom 1st ,July 1887 to 1st .Ju!_v 189·h viz., £.9,85o 7£4.• ;d., to t.:.c then added to arrears of interest -£32.,oi8 u.s. 7d.; and the total, £41,86<), to be JHtyaUle, but ~vithour. interest, ou IRt July 1904.

' Beechworth Shlre.-By Order In Counell, of 13th November 1885, payment of 1~ per cent. per annum into Sinking :Fund was suspended for seven years from 1st .January 188;, in respect to 1oans amounting to £24,679; and, by Order in Council of znd Augugt 1886, the alTC~rs of interest computed up to 2.6th ]:fa.rch 1886, were placed to a Suspense Account 1 the amount being-due to Revenue, £2.>6xo; due towards HedciJlptiou, £887 Se. 6d. j total, £3,497 Ss. 6d. ·

• Chiltern Shire.-Interest to be charged only at the rate ol4 per cent. from date of eapltalizat!on of &rrears. • Daylesford Borough.-£J,IJ9 IJS. 4<1. capitalized int•rest. ' Dunmunkle and St. Arnaud Shires-

Works transferred, 7th July 188.t, to 'Yimmern UnitOO Waterworks 11rust-Consideratton money Portion of interest applied towards redemption ..

9 9 • £s,ooo o

'Hamilton llorougb.-By Order In Council, 19th ll1ay r885, under sectionn of Act No. 8o6, payment oft! per cent. per annum towards redemption is _,uspended for seven years from 1st January 1885. Decem~:;·,t:~nud Borough.-Includes £4,077 7•· ;d., arrears of interest to ;otb June I 888, eapitlllized; Interest on aggregate first payable on 31st

' Tarnagulla Borough paid, on 5th July 1888, interest due ;oth June rGSS; brought to account in rSSS-9. ' Wangaratta Borough pa.id, on 16th July r888, interest due Joth June 1888; brought to account in rBBS-9. •• Wimmera Shire paid, on 14th July 1888, interest due ;oth June 1888; brought to account in •888-9. n \Vimmera Shire--

Portio~ of w;orks transferred to the Wimmera l:'nited Waterworks Trust, 4th February t884-ConsideratiOn money . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . £1 r ,:.os

Portion of the works transferred to the Horsham Borough Waterworks TIWit, 4th February r885 -Consideration money . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . , ,

Proportion of interest applied towards redemption of Principal Balance of loan owing· by Whmuct•a Shire • • • • • •

Total amount of payments h·om Original Loan

Deduct interest in arr""r and capitalized by {'Iinlmr~t • Beech worth Chiltern Day!esford

,St. Arrmud

Add proportion ol interest paid by llallarat towards reduction of principal

Advances not made-Dunolly Borough

Advances authorized from loans ro.ised

No. 83. B

£32.,o~8 15 0

~.ooo 0 0

Soil 6 3 J,IJ9 IJ 4 4,077 7 3

IJ,0$5 1,2.33 IO I,;o6

9 0 ~ -----

£27,000 0 0

£li91,545 9 9

41,744 I 10 -----649,801 7 Il n,86I 4 ~ -----66~,66• a

JIO 0 0

£661.,97~ u

Benalla ... Echuca Borough I,oddon United

St. Swan Hill Stawell Wimmera l{yneton ... Bet Bet .•• A voca. United Shepparton

Name of Trust.

Edmca. and vVarnnga United Lowan ... Romsey ..• Horsham Mooroopna Yarmwonga lJ pper Maccdon Bacchus 2<1arsh Seymour Nagamhh Kam J{ara \Vimmera Shire Shennarton Urban

Shire of Winchelsea. Woodend

Less Transfers

1882 .. . IO JUly, 1882 .. .

3 .July, 1882 .. . p May, 1882 .. . 3 .Tnly, I882 .. . 3 .July, 1882 .. . 7 I 882 .. . 4 I 88z .. .

I4- Aug., 1882 .. . I I ~ept., I88z .•. 2 7 ::;ept., I 882 ... 4 Oct., I 882 •.

II Oet, 1882 .. . 261<'eh., 1883 .. . 24 April, I88J .. . 23 Nov., I883 .. . 26 Oet., I88s ... I I .Jnne, 1885 .. . 23 Nov., I885 .. . n .Tan., I 886 .. . 17 Aug., I88s .. . 4 May, 1886 .. . 2 Feb., I886 .. . 3 Dec., I 886 ...

291lec, I887 ... 2I t888 .•. z6 1887 .. . 14 I888 .. .

* This Trust has been relieved by trt>nJfcr or £7,840 HS.

APPENDIX No. 5.

WATERWORKS TRUSTS, Acr No. 946.

ANNUAL EXPENDITURE TO 30TH JUNE, 1888.-LOA.NS.

LOANS G HA:NTFD. Year !881-SJ. Year 18SJ-84. Year tS84-85. Year 1 SSj-86. Ycnr t886-87. Ytar 1887-88.

I TOTAL.

£ s. d. £ 8. d. £ 1!. d. £ 11, d. £ s. d. .£ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. [0~000 0 0 3 900 0 0 ... 4485 I4 6 I,J29 6 7 ... . .. 9·7'5

79 '5 7 IO,OOO 0 0 5,162 8 5 3 5> I 51 2 8*

896 0 6 55,000 0 0 869 3 Il 23,754 I 9

4,683 2. 7 42,324 I6 st 1,369 17 3

20,776 15 2 I 76, 5&6 0 IO ... 24.940 0 0

144 18 4 5.530 7 0 "'"" . .. 15,630 0 0 00

2,200 0 0 18,200 0 0 22.o.p 14 7 qo,ooi 14 2t

1,684 8 II 19,180 14 I

101000 0 0 2,460 0 0 2,I86 4 7 2.353 I5 5 2,839 2 5 Sr 2 0 45,6oo 0 0 5·739 I 7 2I,2J8 18 0 0 5 4.577 9 I I 3,2$I I 5 4 ss.oco 0 0 4o,S8s 0 0 2,108 8 0 12 0 8,334 0 5 2,769 19 I 25,143 0 0 8,045 IQ 7 7,465 8 IO 4.489 0 7 ... 2,884 I 7 10 $O,ICO 0 0 14,307 li 3 I6,304 14 4 939 3 4 I,48I 12 II 8,8oo 4 4

1,370 0 0 I,J$0 7 3 I 3 10 0 ... ... 18 3,398 0 0 33,820 IS 9 39·4I 3 5 7 I9,I99 10 I 3I,485 17 IO 31,889 I6

z6,ooo 0 0 4,770 0 0 17,670 0 0 z,soo 0 0 ... . .. 6,ooo 0 0 I,I 3 I I 9 7 2,290 0 9 749 5 7 813 4 IO 400 17 II

I 5.63o 0 0 4,7II II 6 ),199 Io Il 5,718 17 7 ... ... 21,546 3 3 10,1 17 s 3,228 4 1I 2,sz8 I2 8 ... 90 4 9

I 16,ooo 0 0 4 I II,II4 17 5 47,236 6 10 JI,907 3 I I 5,593 8 2 19,329 0 0 I,I42 IS 4 8,944 2 I 4,o;8 9 8 I,204 3 3 2,126 I4 IO

247 Il 0 4,182 3 0 ... 1 s,s 5 s 3 9

44112 0 I,I28 4 8

4,/00 0 0 ... 3,296 IO IO 638 I 2 ... . .. I 5,8 55 3 9 ... ... I4,JOO 0 0 ... I ,555 3 9 z,ooo 0 0 ... ... ... ... 686 I2 8

If,OOO 0 0 ... ... ... 6,761 I9 8 3,238 0 4 7,ooo 0 0 17,000 0 0 72 I5 2 948 17 0

4,220 16 6 7,720 r6 6 0 0 ... ... . .. 822 6 5 53 IS 5 0 0 ... . .. ... 3,)00 0 0

1,400 0 0 ... ... ... x,ooo 0 0 . .. 400 0 0 1,400 0 0 I,soo 0 0 ... ... ... . .. I,300 0 0 ... 1,300 0 0

216 17 6 563 15 3 27,35 I 0 6 42,662 6 I

3,047 16 6 3,047 r6 6

9,coo 0 0 ... ... ... . .. 346 17 9 so,oco 0 0 ... ... ... . .. I$,JII 5 7 9,416 I2 5 6,700 0 0 3,000 0 0 S,ooo · o 0

140,453 16 3 uz.,265 9 Io 92,556 7 4 I 93,88o 16 2 Ioi,536 17 2 663,I92 I 8 o 12,032 3 4 26,7 56 I 7 0

722,687 I 9 I34,53I I4 7

.£89,504 I3 IO .£616 • .!.16 I 0

t This Tru1t has been relieved by tmn•fer of £+,'9' 11s. 4•1. ~ Thl•lnclutlcs a •urn of :h6,756 I7•· tran•Ierred to Head work.• Grant.

td t>

APPENDIX No. 6.

"\\~ATER SuPPLn;s To RURAL DISTRICTS ADMINISTERED UNDER THE PRoVISIONS OF "TrrE WATER. CoNsERVATION AcT 1887,'' No. 946. --

Area of country I Name of Trust. I supplied in I Nature of Worke.

Acr&~.

-----I

1. Avoca United ... ... , 64,000 Weirs, Dams, and Tar.ks ... ... . .. 2. Bacchus Marsh ... 960 Weir and Channels ... ... ... ... 3· Bet Bet Shire :::I 224,000 Dams and Tanks .... . .. 4· Echuca and W aranga ... 584,000 Steam J>umping Machinery, Cha.nnels, Weirs,

Tanks, with pumps and troughs 5· Kara Kara Shire •*·• ... zs6,ooo Dams, Tanks, with pumps and troughs, Wein ... 6. Loddon United ... ... !80,480 ·weirs, Channels, Tanks, with pumps and troughs 7· Lowan Shire ... ... 404,000 Wells and Tanks, with pumps and troughs ... 8. St. Arnaud Shire ... ... 48o,ooo Tanks, with pumps and troughs, Wells .•• . •• 9· Shepparton Shire ... ... 49$,000 ·weirs, Pumping Machinery, and Channels, Tanks,

and Wells

o. Stawell Shire ... . .. 7z,ooo Tanks and Dams .... ... ... . .. 1. Swan Hill Shire ... ... 256,ooo Weirs, Dams, and Channels, Tanks, 'll'ith lifts and

troughs 2. Wimmera United ... ... I,oSS,ooo Weirs, Pumping Machinery, and Channels, Dams

and Tanks, with pumps and troughs 3· Wimmerl~ Shire ow ... 736,ooo Weirs, Heservoirs, Pumping Machinery and

Channels, Dams and Tanks, with pnmps and troughs

4· Yarrawonga Shire ... ... ,_:,6oo I Weirs and Channels, Tanks and Dams ... . ..

Totals ... ... 5,o9o,o4o I . .. . .. ... ... . .. . .. i

Annual Estimated Hateable Value of

Lands supplied. Cost of Works.

£ £

17,000 19,938 3,000 6,8oo

:n,78o s.sz6 108,ooo 142,7 57

2S,6oo 10,922

27,000 46,+10 21,740 25,541 39,6oo 22,J21 6z,ooo 2.1,941

9.344 1,915 32,000 39,6:u

IIJ,OOO 172,94:!.

8J,OOO 86,737

, .. ~ I ······ 6o1,o64 618,o19

Advanced to 3oth June 1 888.

~-~---~-

£

19,938 6,221 s,os6

qo,ooz

8,782

43,162 I 8,982 zo,8o1 17,815

1,915 36,o36

167,333

74.1-90

I J-t.,648

I 56s,x81

Remark.J.

This supply is solely for irrigation.

The works are on a scale to afford a partial supply for irrigation.

Inclusive of liabilities at time of senrance from St. 1-1 Arnaud and. a share of Headworks Grant. <:.0

About £5,6oo of this expenditure has been on works that have failed, and are now valueless, The supply provided,by the efficient works is partial.

This Trust will be absorbed in the Western Wimmera Irrigation and~Water Supply Trust.

This Trust. has moved to he converted into an Irrigation and Wa.t;er Supply Trust,

APPENDIX No. 7.

URBAN WATER SuPPLIES ADMINISTERED mmER THE PROVISIONS OF "TnE WATER CoNsERVATION AcT 1887," No. 946.

Name of To\'fn Snpplled.

1. Avenel z. Bacchus Marsh 3· Bea.liba 4-· Benalla 5· Cbarlton 6. Donald 7• Echll.ca

8. Hor~ham

9· Kyneron 1o. Kcnwg 11. Ma.rybot"Oligb u, Murtoa

13. Mooroopna ••• 14. Nagamhie IS. Nhill 16. ltGmsey

17. Swan Hill ... 18. Upper Macedon 19. Warrackna.bea.l

zo. W oor1end .•• 2.1. Yarrawonga

Totals

I. Dimboola ... z. Lancefield ••• 3• Lorne ... 4• Numurkah ... 5· Shepparton

Totals

Populatlon Supplied.

soo 700 .j.8o

z,ooo 900 &so

4,:1.20

2,500

3,500 8oo

3·9 5<l 8oo

810 sso 600

45°

350 250 soo

55° 8oo

:a6,o6o

400 soo Z50

1,000 z,ooo

4,150

- ----------------~------------------~----------,---------~--------------------------------Annua.l R&teable

Tr!lilt by whom Work1 a&rrled out.. Nature 01! Work&. V alae of Property Cost of Works. Remarks. in Urban Dliltrlet.

~~ -----~ --- --- ----

.1, J; Seymour Shire ... ... Gravitation ... ... 3,ooo x,8oo Bacchus Marsh ... ... Gravitation •.. . .. 3,5oo 2,7oo Bet Bet Shire .. • ••• Gravitation . . . •. . Z<fOO x ,S 58 Benalla ... ... ••• Pumping ... ... II,ooo 9,715 Avoca United ••. ••• Gravitation and Pumping... 5,500 8,500 Wimmera United Pumping ... ... s,ooo 3,654 Echli!Ca Borough ... . Pumping •.• ... 32,7:34 xo;ooo

Horsham Borough .•• Pumping ... ... 23,400 15,855

KyneOOD. Shire ... .. . Gravitation ••. • .. 20<f8-t 24-19'4-o Swan HiU Shire .. . .... Pumping ••• •.. s,ooo 8,:zoo Maryborough ... •.• Gravitation ••• ... zo,913 ss,ooo Wimmera United ... Pumping ... ... 4,5oo x,23o

Mooroopna ••. ... Pumping ... ••• 4-,oso z,ooo Naga.mbie ... ... l'umping ... ... :,2oo r,5oo Lowan Shire ... ••• Pumping ... ... 4,ooc 3,85o Hol11l!ey ... ... .. . Gravitation ... ... z,6oo 4,7'00 :

Swan Hill Shire ... Pumping ... ... 2,500 5,5oo Upper Macedon ... ... Gravitation ... ... 1,750 949 Wimmera United ... Pumping ... ... z,soo 460 I Woodend ... Gravitation ... ... 2,5ot> 8JOoo Yarrawonga Shire Pumping ... ... 4,8oo t;,roo l ... ... ... . .. j... ... ... .. 164,319- 176,sn=

Urban work1 authorized and in proce11 cif construction.

2,500 3,000 ! 3,044 7,xoo I A supply is to be furnished to Railway Station 1, 500 3,ooo .

,.

Wimmera United Lancefield Winchelsea Shire ... Shepparton Shire Shepparton Urban

Pumping Gravitation Gravitation Pumping Pumping

6,soo 7,5oo I A supply is to be furnished to Railways. u,ooo 9,4-17 , A further loan of £x,soo-for extensions of reticu·

I. laton-is applied for. = zs,s4+ ~= 3o,ox7

t-::l 0

URBAN WATER SuPPLIES ADMINISTERED UNDER THE PRoVISIONS Ol' "THE WATER CoNsERVATIOK AcT 1887-continued.

I. AV(\CIJ.

2. Ballan

Name of Town Supplied.

3· Carisbrook ... and

Majorca 4· Euroo. 5. Natimuk

Totals

Population J Supplied.

910 460

I,+Jo

... ::a,ooo

... 550 ... 250

... s,6oo

Urban scheme$ at present under consideration.

Trust by whom Works carried out. Ne.ture of ·works.

Not determined Not determined Gravitation

Gravitation Gravitation

Annu&l Rateable V"lue o! Pr<>perty in Urban District.

£ 4,150

... I I,760

...

1

4,65o

4,100

:::1 i;~~ ' ... ---z.o,:z6o --~

Oost of Worll:ll. R~ml\l'kii.

URBAN WATER SuPPLIES FROM GoLDFIELDS RESERVOIRs ADlUNISTEBED UNDER THB l'ROVISlONS OF THE LocAL GovERNMENT AcT.

I. Iillmore 2. Timor

Nam e ot Town Supplie-d.

... ... ... ... ~-···----···-

I Population Supplied. Admini.ltered by-

.. . 1,400 Shire ot Kilmore ... ... 1,200 Shire of Tullaroop i

.Annual Rat<t&ble Naiuro:oflWork•. VAlue o! Property Cost of Works. ll.em~u-u.

in Urban Diotrict.

£ ... Gravitation ... .. . .. . .2,9S6 ... Gravitation . .. ... ... ::&,384

w •I-'

22

APPENDIX No. 8.

WATERWORKS TRUSTS.

GRANTS FROM HEADWORKS VoTE OF £100,000, ALLOTTED AND PAID uP To 30TH JuNE, 1888.

Name of Trust. Amount Allotted. Amount Pt>ld.

£ s. d. £ 8. d. Loddon ... ... . .. ... 8,649 16 IO 8,649 r6 IO St. Arnaud ... ... ... ... 5,766 li 3 s,x65 19 2 Swan Hill ... . .. ... ... 9,III 3 4 9,109 19 0 Stawell ... ... ... . .. 545 0 0 545 0 0 Wirnmera United ... ... .. . 29,887 u 7 :1.9,887 I2 7 Bet Bet ... ... ... . .. 1,38 3 19 6 1,383 19 6 A.voca ... ... . .. . .. 4,5o6 li 5 4,$01 18 0 Shepparton ... ... . .. ... 297 II 6 297 li 6 Echuca and Waranga ... . .. . .. z6,756 I7 0 26,756 I7 0

Low an ... ... ... .. . 3,65I 3 z 3,6SI 3 z Yarrawonga ... ... ... ... I 7,141 5 IO 7,I4I 5 IO Kara Kara ... ... . .. .. . 463 I 7 8o 0 2

To tall ... ~ ... 98,r6o 14 0 97.171 2 9

A voca United Bacchns Marsh

Bet Bet Shire Benalla ... 1<3chuca Borough

if ame of Tnot.

Echuca and Waranga United

Hors ham Borough ... Karu. Kara ~ihire I\yneton Shire Loddon Unite<! I,owan Shire Maryborough ~!ooroopna Nagambie Homsey ... Stawe\1 Shire Seymour ... Shepparton ••• Shepparton U1·ban ..• Ht. Arnaud Swan Hill Shire Upper Macedon

\Virmuem United \Virnmem Shire Yarrawonga

Totals

APPENDIX No. 9.

'-1

W .ATERWORKS TRUSTS.

STATEMENT OF INTEREST PAID AND OUTSTANDING UP TO THE 30TH JUN:& 1888. ----·-·--------..

Amount Patd on Aceouut of J .. os.n ..

£ "'· d. ••. 1,5,630 0 0

4,98+ IO 9 ... g,715 ... g,839 2. 5

5 92,366 I I

... I4,300 0 0

:::I

24,940 0 0 34,577 9 I I

I5,369 10 4 51,334 0 5

3.934 12 0

1,369 I7 3 r,ooo 0 0

15,909 15 3

Year ,sas-86. Y•.r x8S6-87,

Interest Paid~ t~~~~tt ~:a~l on

£ s. d. I £ s. d. £ s. d. I £ s. rl.

175 10 0

243 8 & I

315 0 oJ

226 I

~~ 61 I3 ...

I ...

351 13 6 15,63o o o I 3,500 0 0

109 2 2. 5,385 8 8 !' 221 5 36+ 5 6 9,715 I I 582 17

5 3

... 9,920 4 5 I ... 1,956 2 I 7g.449 I4 4 3,578 8 7 2

78 6 4 ... 56 I 3 0 739 I3 0

33 13 8 1,122 7 2

88 IO 9 30 I6 6 ...

357 I9 6

~s.sss 3 9 I ·PO 346 I7 9

0 10

0

Il 2

24,940 0 0 37,8 2 9 5 3 I7,314 4 10 $4,103 19 6

686 I2 8 1,300 0 0 3.934 12 0

1,369 17 1.000 0

I6;ooo o 0

0

1,122. 6 446 4 379 IO

2,J06 0 II [I

I77 I 6 92 9 6

528 7 6

20,000 o o 1,573 6 s 450 o o 1 22,884 17 IO 32,306 I6 6 250 o o •P4 13 o · 4I,833 6 .2

906 11 9

Amount paid on Account of Loan.

£ s. d. 15,630 0 0 7,720 r6 6

5,489 I I 0 9,715 I I

101000 0 0 Ioo,5rr 3 IO

IS,8 55 3 9 563 15 3

Year 1887-88.

Interest J?ald.

£ s. d. ... ...

239 2 10 437 3 6

78 IS 0 r,t64 9 7

713 9 6 ...

I,I:.tl. 6 0 ...

708 6 I 2,416 I6 0

56 r8 7 I 177 I 61 6r 13 ol

.. . I ...

... x,ozo 8 I ...

Inte~Rt Outstanding.

£ s. d. I,7S8 7 6

. .. V

123 II 3 zr8 II 9 146 5 0 p

s,oo6 9 6 £

356 14 9 p ... :ti

561 3 0 I' 3·723 17 !0

356 3 I

I,2JZ 3 0 1' ... ~

29 5 0 1' 89 0 I I'

... s8 9 10 I'

I,3 55 2 IO . .. N

533 7 4 1' 3.557 8 r

+82 8 9 ... ... 876 I 10 20 18 3 57 2 IQ I 1'

··· 123,919 9 3 2,123 I9 I 353 10 7 155,809 5 8 12,123 19 I ... ... ... ... IS,3II 5 7 ... 6,761 19 8 ••• ••• 1o,ooo o o

... 478,741 5 o •1-,g68 18 3 7,011 r6 9 3 5

5.540 IJ 3 I ... I ... I ... i:N "

2

2 55 I 5 + I *I 3,ooo o o I 390 I 5 4 I 292 6 7 I I I

q,;72 ~~636,+7;-;s-2II+.I+s -;6-d~9.+s;--;; Paid July and August ... 1 3,043 ~~3,043 ~

I7,I9I 19 IO 16,412 5 II I

Remarlra.

and mortgage not com­ed.

1 ;ruly, £r46 ss. 6 I JS. tmnsferred as t for headworks vote deducted from loan. 1 July, £356 148. 9d. t due.

1 .July, £561 Js.

n August, £r,232 JS. t due.

n August, ..C29 ss. 1 July, £89 os. Id.

1 August, £58 9s. 1od.

t due . n July, £533 JS. 4d.

on account in July, rss. +d.

t dUI', Interest upon £4-,ooo, of this amount commences rst July r8S8.

N;i C.>:>

Name.

Benjeroop and Murrabit

Boort East ... Boort North ... Cohuna ... ... Koondrook ... Leaghnr and Meering Swan Hill ... Tragowel Plains ..• Twelve-Mile .•• Western Wimmera

APPENDIX No. 10.

-IRRIGATION ·TRUSTS APPOINTED UNDER ".THE IRIUQ:ATION 'ACT 1886," No. ·898.

Gross Area of

Locality, Trwot District

in Acres.

.•• Between Murray 19,840

. ..

. ..

. .. ...

River and Barr Creek

Near Lake Boort ... I z9,6oo N PRT J,ake Boort ... Gunbower Creek ... Near Koondrook, on

MurnJ.y Hiver

!212,20

97·9~0 4,480

... Loddon Valley ... 8,960

... Murray Valley ... 15,36o

... Loddon Valley ,,, zsx,szo

... Loddon Valley .•. 9,920

... Wimmera District 398,8oo

Totals ... 848,6zo

I Souroe of Water I

Supply. Nature of WorU. I I

I ! I ' Net Irrigllble Present · Allllllal Total !

Irrigable each total :Rateable Est!tnl>ted I I,oan at I' .AdVlloi!OOd Area. I Year. value of value of Cost of present to Date.

lu , re Acreo Irrigable 1 Irrigable Scheme •. authorized ~c 8

• • . Lands. 1 Lands. ·

,--~--1-.-1--·--1--·--

1

! I ! 1 £ z 1 £ £ I £

llurray River ... ! Channels with sluicea ... 17,8931 6,ooo I SJ,ooo ~.~so I z,ooo I z,ooo I x,6o4

T,oddon Uiver ••• I Weirs and channela ... ... 24,6oo l 6,140 1 7o,ooo I 3,7oo 1 14.400 I 1 3,ooo Nil I,oddon Hiver ... Weirs and channels ... ••• 9,ooo s,ooo :q,ooo 6oo 7,6oo 6,6~o Nil Murray R~ver... Pum~ng plant and channels ... $9,309 I Jo,ooo I z:z.o,ooo 9,ooo I 4I,5oo I 17,ooo J,IJI Murray H.ner... Pumpmg plant .and channels ••• 4,o:z.8

1

1,35o I a,ooo 400 4,ooo 1,7oo x,7oo

Loddon River .•• I Weir and channels ... .•• 8,127 I z,7oo I zo,ooo 8oo 65o 65o I Nil Murray River ... I Pumping plant and channels ... r,!-JJOO

1

7,500 I 3o,ooo r,o87 9,ooo 9,ooo I 484 Loddon R!ver ... \oVC!rs and channels ... ... ::.:z.8,4oo so,ooo soo,ooo :n,ooo 165,ooo 165,ooo I IJ5,I70 I Loddon Hrver ... Weir and channels ... ... 9,031

1 ~,ooo I ::.o,ooo 900 J,ooo J,ooo ~,8oo I

Glenelg,McKen- Reservoirs, weirs, and channels 3oo,ooo I S:z.,ooo • yoo,ooo 35,ooo \36K,3971' 368.397 I Nil I zie, and Wim- I I I I mera Rivers I I --1--1------~---l __ l

•.• ... ... ... ... , 704,688 l'92,69o 1 x,8s~,oool 75,737 i 615,547 ls86,J67j 144,889 i

Remms.

The estimate of cost given by the' Trust is ins.uflicient. ,!>.::)

'"""

APPENDIX No, ll.

APPLICATIONs FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND WATER SuPPLY TRUSTs uNDER AcT No. 898.

Irrigabl• Pre"""'t Name. I lrr~,;:~;r:~ .. t I O~HUI"?e UJ. lf'UIIIo!:':f I ~fi~i:~~: 1 a.oJe ~"t.u.c 1 Locality. ~ITnnlv Nature of Worksipropooed. I Area. each Year. Cost of Remarks.

Aeres. Lands.

-~--,-· Benjeroop West ! Near junction of J

£ £ £ .. 6,foo I Mnrray River ... J Pumping plant and channels ... I 5,5oo I 2,ooo q,ooo 500 3, 6oo A waiting fresh petition.

Loddon a.nd. Mnr·

. Swamp ray Rivers

u,ooo ! First petition dealt with • ... Near Pen~hurst 6,900 S1lring Creek ... Dam and channels •w ... 6,6oo I, 700 70,000 Echuca Shire, No. I ... LowerCampaspc ... 129,920 Campaspe River Weir and channels ... . .. 120,000 JO,OOO soo,ooo 50,000 Echuca Shire, No. 2 ... Goulburn Valley ... 270,000 Goulburn Hiver \V eir and channels ... .. . 23o,ooo 77,000 920,000 207,000 :First petition being dealt with. Harcourt ... ... Near Castlcmaine ... 640 Coliban Channel Channels ..,. ... . .. 640 :;oo Jo,ooo 657 First petition l>eing dealt with. Jeruk ... ... Avoca Valley . .. 24,920 Avoca River ... Embankments, sluices, &c. . .. 15,000 s,ooo 52,000 3,320 First petition being dealt with. Lake Charm ... ... Lake Charm ... 57,600 Loddon River ... Pumping plant, weir, and .chan- 39,540 12.,000 79,o8o 4,180 23,000 A waiting second petition.

Marquis Hill nels ... . .. Near Kerang . .. 14, JOO Murray River, i Weiraud channels ... . .. u,84o 3.947 26,640 1,430 12,900 A waiting second petition.

viaKowSwamp' b:)

Pine Hills Near Kerang A waiting second petition. <:on ... . .. ... I 5,120 Uivers Loddon Dams and chllllnels •.• ... 13,730 4,5oo 39,474 1,370 10,623 and Murray,

Quambatook and lludgc- Avoc1t Valley vii!KowSwamp

First petition being dealt with. ... g8,ooo Avoca River ... W ei:rs and channels .•• . .. 8o,ooo 6,aoo 16o,ooo 8,ooo 20,000

rum (Lower Avoca) Rodney Shire .. . . .. Goulburn Valley •.. 259,840 Goulburn River Weir lllld channels ... ... 200,000 6s,ooo 8oo,ooo Jo,ooo 250,274 First petition being dealt Shepparton Shire ... Goulburn Valley ... 96,ooo Goulburn River Weir and channels ... ... ss,ooo z.8,ooo -450,000 22.,500 126,124 :First petition being _dealt

andPineLoilge

Emu Valley Creek

... . .. Near C:J.stlemaine ... 3,700 Coliban Channel Channels . .. . .. z,.j-66 8oo 16,615 830 4,631 First petition being dealt with. Wandella ... ._, .. Loddon Valley ... 32,290 Hi ver Loddon ... Dam and channels ... . .. IJ,OOO 3.5 25 45,000 3,840 14,8oo Awaiting second petition. Waranga ... Goulburn Valley ... 102,220 Goulburn River Channels ... .. . Ss,ooo 2.8,ooo 340,000 17,000 107,150 First petition being dealt with. Yarrawonga ... Broken Creek Dis- 262,400 Broken and Mur- Pumping plant, weirs, and 1gz,ooo 2,ooo 768,ooo 35,000 2o,soo A waiting second petition.

trict ray Rivers channels Bacchus Marsh Shire ... At Bacchus Marsh 2,150 Werribee and Weirs and channels ... . .. 2,150 x,ooo ug,ooo I,)OO 14,900 First petition dealt with.

Lerderderg Rivers .And

Tarneit Pa.rwan Creek ... ... 1 Near Werribee . .. 1,460 Werrihee River Pumping plant, weir, and chan- 1,383 1,000 48,ooo :no 30,4551 First petition dealt with .

nels Kerang East ... ... Near Kerang . .. 17,920 Loddon River ... Weir and channels ... ... 15,000 s,ooo 45,000 1,5oo 15,ooo First petition being dealt with.

----- -----Totals ... 1.,4oi,78o ... ... ... . .. . .. I, 122,.849 276,772 +,su,So9 197,617 925,934

.APPENDIX No. 12 . ---

RETURN Oli' THE VARIOUS WATERWORKS IN THE COLONY OF VICTORIA ON 31ST JULY, 1888, SHOWING THEIR PosiTIONS, STORAGE CAPACITIES, DRAINAGE Anll:AS, LENGTH Oli' AQUEDUCTS, MAIN .AND HETICULATioN PII'Es, WI'l'H CosT THEREOF.

---

I.-Works under direct Government control (exclusive of .Melbourne Water Supply and of Goldfields Reservoir~t).

Length of-Reservoir or Source of SupJllY.

Name of Town or District Supplied. Dl'ninage Area. Aqueduct.

I I ToTJ.L CoaT.

llfain Pipes. llctkulation Pipe•. Where Situated. Storage Capacity.

Branch.

Gallon•. Acres. m. eh. m. eh. m. eh, m. eh, £ Malmsbury . . . . .. 3,2 5 s,ooo,OOO 71,700 17 sz 144 fO ... ...

1 Tarndale ... ... ... Taradale .. . ... 6s,ooo ... ... .. . I 53 I 59

I Expedition Pass I zo,oOO,OOO 3,6oo (

1

... ... .. . Red Hill ... ... t,zso,ooo ... ... .. .

Castloma.ine and Chewton Old Post Office Hill ... z,ooo,ooo ... .. . ... ~

7 +6 Z9 19

I Barker's Creek ... 6z9,135,ooo 3,fZ9 .. . ... Specimen Gully z,618,ooo ... Nl ... . .. ... Cl:>

Fryers town ... ... Crocodile Gully .. . 5,4o7,ooo 450 ... .. . 3 17 z fO :M:aldon ... . .. ... Green Gully .. . ... I,soo,ooo 300 ... ... 17 0 10 0

~ Big Hill ... .. . 68,ooo,ooo ... . .. . .. ) Big Hill Tank ... 300,000 ... .. . . .. I I I ~ I,o6f,flf Sandhurst ... ... Crusoe Gully ... ... 3zo,ooo,ooo ... ... . .. New Chum Tank ... 23,000 ... ... .. . Solomon's Gully ... I,zso,ooo . .. ... ...

11 ... I 120 o

{ Spring Gully ... ... 15o,ooo,ooo ... . .. ... (including mains) Sandhurst District ... Upper Grassy Flat ... sS,86o,ooo ... ... .. .

Lower Grassy :Flat ... z6,8oo,ooo ... . .. ... Eaglehawk ... ... Sparrowhawk ... . .. I,soo,ooo ... .. . ... Raywood ... { Lightning Hill ... 7,ooo,ooo 573 . .. . ..

} . .. Ray wood z,soo,ooo I ... ... ... .. . ... ... f 25

Sebastian ... ... ... Sebastian ... ... 239,200 ... ... .. . Lockwood and Marong ... Green Gully ... . .. 3,5oo,ooo ... ... 2f fO ... I . ..

\ Upper Stony Creek ... 3 5f,ooo,ooo } 3,f6Z

i Lower Stony Creek ... If3,ooo,ooc

Gcelong and Snhurbs ) .Anakie (Pipe Head) ... 900,000 ... 3 2f I . .. I 27 0 I 8+ 7 I 356,985 Lovely I~anks ... 6,ooo,ooo ...

( Newtown Tank ... 500,ooo ...

Name of Town Supplied,

Avenel Baechus Marsh and Maddingly llealiba Beualla Clmrlton

Dimhoola

Douald

Echuca

Horsham Kerang Kynctou Maryborough Mooroopna. ..• . Murtoa

Upper Ma.cedon Nagambie ... Nhill N umurkah ... Romsey Shepparton Swan Hill ... Timor W arracknabeal

Woodend ... Y arrawonga.

IJ.-Waterwo1·ks controlled by Waterworks Trusts. (A.)-Urban Distrwts.

R<eerYo1r or Eource of Supply. Length of-

H<nT Supplied.

Wl1ero !itluted. stougo Oapaclty. Aqueduct. Pipe Main.

-- ·-·

/

I Mount St. llornard Spring Wcrribec IUver ... Bealihn. ... ...

i Broken River .. . . .. I Charlton ... . ..

\Vimmera River

Richadson River

I Murray Hiver ... 1 \Vimmcm River

Loddon Ri vor ... Little Coliban Hiver .McCallum's Creek Goulbnrn Hiver Lake .Marma, supplied by

channel from Wimmera River

Springs, Upper Macedou Goulbnrn River ... Nhill Well ... . .. Broken Creek . .. .. . Bolinda Creek ... Goulburn River Murray River ... Bowe~dale (Supplied from

Tank) Barbollr's Creek .Murmy lOver

Railway

GallCIII,

1 3,ooo,ooo

29,ooo,ooo 2oo,ooo,ooo

6,ooo

Gallons.

so,ooo Gra 12o,o-::>o Gr

I,ooo,ooo Gr 4o,ooo Pu 2o,ooo Pu

(-.

1,o7s,z25 1 Pu

30,000 7o,coo so,oco 30,000 zs,ooo

6oo,ooo I,ooo,ooo

zo,ooo 40,000

10,000 40,000 40,000

2so,ooo 6o,ooo 20,000

40,000

so,oco

Pu

J>u Gr Gr Pn Gr

Gr Pu Pu Pu Gr Pn Pu Gr Pu

Gr Pu

vitation ... vitatiou ... vi talion ... 1ping ... 1 ping and :a vitation 1ping ...

1ping ... nping ... 1ping ... 1ping ... vitation ... vitation ... 1ping ... vitation ...

vitation ... 1ping ... 1ping ... 1piug ... vitation ... 1ping ... 1ping ... vilation ... 1ping ... vitation ... 1piug ... ~-----

m. cb .. m. clt~

... ... 4 8 ... 0 37 ... ... . .. ... . .. ... . ..

... . ..

... . ..

... l 0

. .. . ..

... 9 4° ... 17 0

. .. . ..

... . ..

... 2 30

. .. ...

... . ..

... . .. 5 0 I 6o . .. ... ... ... ... 034 ... ...

... 2 40

... ... -·····--···-

Cost. Ueticulation

Pipes.

n1. eh. £ z 68 1 ,Soo z 46 2,700 Z If r,8 58 8 40 9>7 15 6 37 s,soo

3 23 3,000 ( r nc~~!~i~ of )

z 20 3,65+

12 IS 17,000

IT 5 l s, 8 55 4 !6& S,zoo

12 0 24,940 IO 0 ss,ooo 3 0 2,000 z IS 1,230

. .. 948 2 40 1,soo l 68 3,8 so o 6o 7,5oo I 0 4·700 4 0 9·417 z 2 s,soo . .. So 0 66 460

I 3 16 S,ooo

I + 0 6,100 I

Trust by whom Works were Carried out.

-1--

Seymour Shire Bacchus Marsh Bet Bet Shire Benalltt A voc!t U uited

Wimmera United

Wimmera United

Echuca Borough

Horsham Borough Swan Hill Shire Kyncton Shire Maryborough Mooroopna Wirnmera United

Upper Maeedon Nagambie Lowan Shire Shepparton Shire Homsey Shire Shepparton Swan Hill Shire Bet Bet Shire Wimmera United

Woodend Yarrawonga Shire

- - --··-

!:..::> -.:t

Name of Tl'11st.

voca united ... .. ... a.cehus Marsh . .. .. ...

B et Bet Shire ... .. ... e~jeroop and Murrabit .. ... ClhUJJ.A ... ... .. ... ehuca .and Waranga ... ... ara..Xara ... ... ... ... oondrook ... ... .. ... :>ddon United ... .. ... ()Wan Shire . . . .. ... '

iwp.parton Shire . .. .. ... ~. Arnaud Shire ... . . ... t.a.w:ell Shire ... .. ... welve-Mile ... ... . .. r~gowell Plains ... .. . ..

wan. Hill Shire ... .. . ... :immera United ... _, .. ,.. ...

'immera Shire ... .. ... arrawonga Shire ... .. ... eaghur and Meering ... ...

·' •. ;\0 .~

:n.-Works controlled by Wate11works and Ir1"if!~ion Trusts. (B.)-Rur.al Diltrict•.

Number lfumber Slorage Reeervolr. Lenrthol-

of·J.>umplng Number.of N11mber of lfnmber of Dl W<lll& l'<lth ~ -~-

Plautll. Wein. Dams. Tanks. 'WindmlllB. i : ·when Situated. ·eapacit;r. M&!n Channel<!. I Br&neh OlllU..,els.

Gall ono. m. eh m. eh.

... .5 f IO . .. ... ... . .. . ..

... . .. ... (See Return .. . . .. .. . . .. ... A.)

I . .. ... ... 31 .. . ... .. . . .. . .. ... .z ... ... . .. ... ... 0 6 ... ... ... . .. . .. . .. ... ... 9 0 . ..

I 5 ... 4 ... I

... .. . I2.0 0 2 f7 0 (about)

... z 3 2.I I

I ... . .. .. . . .. . .. ... ... . .. . .. ... . .. 9 z6 . .. I

.. . 2. f 4 . . . ... . .. 31 2.0 10 48 ' ... . .. IZ 2.0 19 ... . .. . .. .. .

I 7 2.4 . .. 37 .. . ... 9 0 . .. If6

: 5 . .. ... ... ! ... ... I .. . . .. . .. I . .. IO . . . ... .. . . .. . ..

... . .. ... . . . . .. ... ... 8 f8 i . ..

... f, and f head ... .. . . .. ... . .. 102. zo I zso 0 sluices I

' ... I I6 36 38 ... ... . .. "2.3 67 I .. . . .. If I6 IfS ... . .. . .. . .. i 437 50

iineluding main channels .

It, and 3 head 8 45 z Wartook 3,"067 ,881,000 f6 0 I 8I 0 ... ... I

-ahrices I '

' ..... 5 . .Z . .. ... . .. . .. About 50 miles, :including

I defining creeks

. .. ... ... ' ... . .. . .. . .. u 2.3 I

. .. . --·---··-·- -~·······-~ ·- -- ·------·- --

·cost.

-----···-

·.£ I9>938 6,zzi

5,o56 I,6o5

'3, l<"3 I 130,002.

8,782. T,7oo

4'3it.'6z r8,98z I 7,8 I 5 .':tQ,.ioi

I,9I 5 ::.t;.-aoo

I35,I70

36,o36 •J67,333

7f,f9°

It,6f8

N o.t rgi -.:eo.

--

1:-D ~

Ill.-Watef"fiJorhs under Control of MuJticipal Corporatlo111.

Reservoir or Source o! Supply. Lell(th of-Namo o! Town or DltUiei Supplied.

Where sauated. Storage Ca.paeity. Drainage AreA. .Aqueduct Pipe llaina .

~-- - - ---- 1·- ·-- --

Gallons. Acree. m. ehe.

.l.rt.nt• { La.ngi Ghira.m ... ... I 5,ooo,ooo 3ZO ... I5 6I ... . .. . .. Oliver's Gully 8fO ... ... 24,000,000 . .. I 20 r .. ,, ..... ... . .. 9~289,550 3.7-+6 ...

.. •"} Balmrnt Pinoott's ... ... 3-f.,sso,ooo } 7,6.113 I ... ... Kirk's ... 87,I21,ooo ... ... . .. Gong Gong ... . .. 4-27,ooo,ooo 7,3:tO ... 5 :t I ·_ Bea.ufQrL "'"'''" ... ... Camp Hill ... . .. 1,2oo,ooo . .. 30 0 0 20

Beech worth ... ... Lake Kerferd ... I 91 ,ooo,ooo . .. ... 2 21. . ... 2 Ba.rry's Roof ... ... ... Springs, Blue Mountain ... 200,000 . .. ... 0 35 Chiltern ... ... ... . .. Ba.rrambogie Spring ... 4,76o,ooo 3,682 ... 7 fO Clunes ... ... ... ... Newlyn ... ... ... 207,000,000 13,f46 I 26 6 10 rullan>Ok ... ... fs,ooo,ooo 6oo ...

} Creswick* Ashwell's Gully ... ... 8,ooo,ooo so ... 3 I<j. ... ... ...

Adekate Creek ... x8,ooo,ooo I ... ... ... White Hills Tank ... ... 68o,ooo ... . ..

'Daylesfo.rd -· ... ... Wombat Creek ... . .. 'f.I,ooo,ooo 2,067 . .. 7 l7 Dunolly ... ... ... ... . New Lead ... . .. 7,soo,ooo 300 ... 0 fO Elmoro ••• ... ... ... (Supply obtained from Railway ...... . .. ... .. . Tank)

Goldsborough ... . .. . .. Gold&borough ... ... <j.,ooo,ooo .. . ... ... Hamilton ... ... ... Bamllton ... ... ... 20,ooo,ooo . .. ... 0 72 Inglewood* ... ... ... New Inglewood ... ... 22,oCo,ooo soo . .. I 0 Korong Val-e ... . .. ... Korong Vale Railway Tank ... . .. 1,5oo 3 0 . .. Melton ... ~··. ... ... Melton ... ... ... 2,290,000 ... . .. 0 12 Rutherglen ... . .. ... Rntherglen . .. . .. 27,ooo,ooo 280 ... 0 10

St. Arnaud* 1 St. Arnaud ••• ... fO,OO~OOO 1,266 ... 2 ... 0}

... ... . .. Railway Tank ... 6,oco,ooo ... ... ...

Stawell Fyan's Creek ... ... . .. I6,64o 2:t 0 ... l .. . . . ... l Service Reservoir ... I ... 2,2 so,ooo ... ... ... J Tal bot ... , .. ... ... Evansford ... ... 20o,ooo,ooo 23,708 16 fO I 0 Tarnagulla* ... . .. ... Tarnagulla . .. . .. 8,ooo,ooo 81 ... 0 55 Wangaratta ... ... ... (Supplied from Railway Tank) ... ... ... . . Wedderburn• ... . .. ... Wedderburn ... ... 3, too,ooo . .. . .. 0 35

* Reaervoirs marked thus ~>re Goldfteldl Reservoire.

Reticulation Pipec.

m. cha.

13 ... 0} I30 0

6 26 13 63 0 2) 2 H

16 0

11 45

I6 'f. I 2 0

I I 28

I . ~·· 7 54 2 6t I 0 ... . ..

6 6o I

ZI 0

3 so ... 2 70 I 0

-- -~

Cl<ln. Name o! Loce.l Gonrninr Body.

£

f7,500 Ararat Borough .

I

:2:9f,~OO ! { Ba~Ia:at Water Com-

IDlSSIOll .

3,000 Ripon Shire.: 25,000 Beechworth Shire. . .. Balla.n Shire.

3,500 Chiltern Shire. 7°,I95 Clunes Borough .

;,soo Creswick Borough .

2I,ooo Daylesford Borough. 7,170 Dunolly Borough.

soo lluntly Shire .

I,ooo Bet Bet Shire. I 2,000 Hamilton Borough.

3,500 Inglewood Borough. 6oo · Korong Shire. 8oo Melton Shire .

3,288 Rutherglen Borough.

12,000 I St. Armmd Borough .

108,so6 I Stawell Borough.

I 5,000 Talbot Borough. soo Tarnagulla Borough .

f,OOO W angaratta Borough . 965 Korong Shire.

------- ~- -

't<:) 'Q:)

Name of Reservoir.

---~~~

Amherst ... . .. ... Beaufort ... ... ... Blackwood ... ... ... Buninyong ... . . . ... Commissioner's Gully ... Dunolly (old) ... ... Hepburn ... . . . ... Homebush ... ... ... Inglewood (old) . . . ... Kilmore ... . .. ... Lamplongh . .. .. . Maryborough .. . ... No. 1 Quartz Reef ... ... No. 3 Pleasant Creek ... No. 9 Four Posts . .. ... Nuggetty Gully ... ... Opossum Gully ... ... Rodbauk ... . .. ... Sandy Creek . . . ... Wedderburn ... ... White Horse Ranges ...

IV.-Reservoirs on the Goldfields constructed by the Government, other tlw" those marked * in Ill.

Locality. Ca.pa.city. Purpose. Coot. Under wha.t Control.

Gallons. £ . . . Tal bot . . . .. . I 3,8 I 3,000 Mining ... . .. z,Ioo Amherst and Back Creek: Commons Board. ... Beaufort . .. . .. ss,88r,ooo Mining ... . .. I,99I Ripon Shire Couucil. ... Lerderderg River ... 64-,4-4 I 1000 Mining . .. .. . I,ogo Ballan Shire Council. . . . Buninyong . .. ... Io,46z,ooo Mining ... . .. I,047 Borough of Buninyong. ... Castlemaiue ... ... 7,ooo,ooo Mining ... . .. I,203 Borough of Chewton. ... Dunolly .. . ... I7,200,000 Mining . .. .. . r,gu Borough of Dunolly. ... Daylesford . .. ... 3 I ,2 8<j.,OOO Mining . .. . .. 2,527 Borough of Daylesford. ... Avoca .. . ... s,ooo,ooo Mining . .. .. . 328 Shire of A voca. ... Inglewood .. . ... s.67o,ooo }lining . .. . .. I,II2 Borough of Iuglewood. . .. Kilmore .. . ... I 4,4-66,000 Domestic ... .. . z,g86 Borough of Kilmore. .. . Lam plough . .. ... 9,262,000 Mining . .. .. . 1,288 Shire of A voca. ... Maryborough ... ... 2I,ooo,ooo Domestic ... .. . I,839 Borough of Maryborough. ... Stawell .. . .. . ... Mining ... . .. .. . Borough of Stawell. . . . Stawell ... ... 7,9os,ooo Mining ... .. . sos Shire of Stawell. ... Stawell .. . ... 3,Ioo,ooo Mining ... .. . 802 Shire of Stn.well. . . . Timor ... ... 2s,ooo,ooo Domestic ... .. . 2,384- Shire of Tullaroop. ... Ararat .. . ... 24,62r,ooo Mining ... . .. 2,4R I W. M. llourke, lessee. . .. Rcdbank .. . ... 27,Ioo,ooo Miniug ... . .. 2,785 Shire of A voca. . .. Y ackandandah South ... 7o,ooo,ooo Mining . .. ... 2,83 5 V. W. S. Department. ... Wedderburn ... ... 3,Ioo,ooo Domestic ... ... 2,590 Shire of Korong. ... Sebastopol ... ... 4·831,000 Mining ... . .. 2,86z j V. W. S. Department .

C>:l 0

31

APPENDIX No. 13.

ENGINEERS OF WATER SUPPLY.

(Regulations under Section 64 of" The Irrigation Act 1886 ").

Bo.um OF ExAmNERS,

Mr. Stuart Murrny, Chief Engineer of Water Supply. , Mr. William Davidson, Superintending Engineer, .Melbourne ·water Supply. :Mr. William Thwaites, Public Works Department.

"THE IRRIGATION ACT 1886."-REGULATIONS.

[From the Victoria Government Gazette of 18tlt ~larch, 1887. No.

In pnrBnance of " The Irrigation Act 188G," section 64, the Governor. i1.1 Connc!l has matlc~ th~ sub­joined Heg-ulations providing for the examination of persons tlesirous of obtauung certificates ns I•,ngmeerl! of Water Supply.

CrunLES HENitY J>.EAnsoN, Department of Water Supply, Melbourne. :For l\:Iinistcr of Water Supply.

REGULATIONS.

Intendin"' candidates must give notiee, in writing, of their intention to present themselves for examination, anJ must forwanl to the Board docmnentary evidence that they are eligible under one of the following preliminary condition~. Upon their application being approved by the Boartl, candidates shall pay the prescribetl fee of £3 3s. into tile Treasury, :;\felbourne, or any Receipt antl Pay Oflice, awl forward receipt for !"ame to the Secretary to the Boanl.

PHELUfiNARY CONDITIONS.

1. A cawlidate mnRt le a member, or an aswciate member, of the Institute of Civil Engineers of London; or a certificated engineer, or master of engineering, of one of the r:nivcrsities of the Australian coloniPs or New Zeal:mtl, or of one of the UniverEitie;:; of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Irehwd, o:· of some Unh·crsity whose degree,; are recognised by the University of :Mclbonme, aud whose gmdnntcs arc admitted hy it ad e1ondem grrulurn.

2. Or he mnst produce cddencc satisfactory to the Board that l1e lms been properly etlneated and trained for the profet'~ion of a ci dl cngiHeer, mHl that he has been engage;] for not les;; than two ycari', exelushe of nny porio(l of training or pu1Jilngt>, in the aeti vc practice of the profe~siou, and that one year, at least, of sueh practice haB been in connexion with hydraulic works demanding the exorcise of technical knowledge alHl ~kill.

QL\.LIFICATIONS.

I. Candidates whose applications have been approved under Preliminary Condition 1 will Le required to show, to the satisfaction of t,he Board, that they have been employed for not less thau five year~, in some responsible professional capacity, in the tlrsign, construction, ami supervision of hyt!mnlic works, and that the works canied out by them have been of a ~ucccssfnl and satisfactory character.

II. Candidates whose applications have been approved under Preliminary Condition 2 shall be required to pass an exmnhmtion in the following subject~ :-

Topogmpl!ical Slll'l'cyiug. Engineering trial surveys.

Subjects of Examination.

I .-Surveying.

Permanent engineering ~lll'n'y~, including the setting out of work. Quantities surveyiug.

Note.-Cntulidates who have ohtainctl the certificate of t.he Board of Examiners for Land Smveyors, or of the Board of Examiner,; for .MiniHg Surveyors, in Victoria, will be exempt from the examination in surveying,

H.-General Principles of Civil Engineering. Strength of materials. Production and transmission of strains in structures. General laws of statics.

III.-Engineering Strnctures. Principles of engineering construction. Special structures in stone masonry, brickwork, carpentry, cast and wrought iron. Combined structure~. Composition and use of lime and cement mortars and concretes.

Note.-Candidates who have obtained the certificate of the Municipal Surveyors' Board in Victoria will be exempt from the examination in general principles of cil'il engineering and in engineering structures.

32

IV.-Hydraulic Engineering. Gauging of natural and artificial stream~, and flow of water over weirs. Computation of the flow of water il} ch~!m!?l~, Computation of the flow of water in pipes and closed conduits. Construction of reservoir embankments in masonry and earthwork. Outlet works, waste weirs, and bye-washes, Relation of bye-wash capacity to cachment area and rainfall. Construction of weirs in river channels. Pumping machinery, including motors.

Candidates for examination must provide themselves with a book of logarithms, plotting scales, parallel ruler, and all necessary appliances (except paper) for drawing and computing. They will also be permitted to use any ordinary manual of reference, or book of tables, which they may bring with them into the examination room ; but they will not be permitted to leave the room during the progress of the examination.

Any candidate who shall have proved, to the satisfaction of the Board, that he is possessed of qualification I., or who shall have successfully passed the examination prescribed for qualification II., shall be entitled to, and shall receive, the certificate of the Board that he is duly qualified to act as an Engineer of Water Supply, under the provisions of "The Irrigation Aet 1886."

Every such certificate shall show whethet· it has been issued i~ respect of sufficient service, the gl'&ntee being also the holder of some one of the qualifications referred to in Preliminary Condition 1, or in virtue of his having satisfactorily passed the examination prescribed by these regulations.

Department of Victorian Water Supply, Melbourne.

(L.s.) ,}AlliES McLucKm, Secretary to the Board of Examiners.

Approved by the Governor in Council the 15th March, 1887. THoS. BRISBANE,

Acting Clerk of the Executive Council.

APPENDIX No. 14.

QUALIFIED ENGINEERS OF WATER SUPPLY, UNDER IRRIGATION ACT 1886.

W. W. Culcheth. G.J. Burke. J. D. Derry. C. A. Bayer. J. S. Beeman. C. A. D'Ebro. E. J. Hawkins. W. Henderson. W. Mercer. C. W. Smith. C. E. Albrecht. S. Horsely. H. C. Kempson. H. A. King. W. S. Murray. J. Tipping. T. W. Fowler.

APPENDIX No. 15.

C. E. Oliver. Francis Ronan Mahony. \Villiam Dowden. George Henry Dunlop. Frank W. Thomson. J. Alfred Griffi ths. W alter :F. Bell. Henry V. Champion. J, G. Starr. W. A. Carver. Alfred Clayton. W. G. Kerle. Newton E. Jennings. W. Bage. R. H. B. Downes. R. Lundon. T. C. Hodgson.

PRIZES FOR BEST IRRIGA'TED FARM. First Prize, £50. Second Prize, £25.

CoNDITIONS oF CoMPETITioN.

1. The area of any farm entered for competition shall be not less ~ban 60 acres in 9ue holding, of which not less than 12 acres must be under irrigated culture.

2. The water supplied to the irrigated land may be provided either by pumping or by gravitation, but must be from some natural source that would be capable of yielding a sufficient supply in each ordinary season

.3. Sufi).cient drainage must be provided for the irrigated land to remove any excess water from the fields after the irrigation is completed, and without injury to other lands, either of the irrigated farm or of lands adjacent thereto.

The first prize o£ £50 shall be awarded to the farm fulfilling the above conditions, which, in the op_injo,l,l. ot tbe jndge~, exhibits the highest merit, and the second prize of £25 to the next best 1 but the

33

judges may deeline to award either, or both prizes, if, in their opinion, the merit of the entries is insufficient to warrant them in making the award.

In making their awards, the judges will be guided, as far as possible, by the following eonsideratlons, viz.:-

L The land is to be so laid out, and cropped, as to fully utilize the available supply of water at all seasons of the year. Thus :-If the supply of water available in the loeality be greater in winter than in summer, the laud must be laid out so as to employ the greater pt·oportion of it in the irrigation of cold­weather crops, or otherwise, so that the utmost use shall be made of the whole available water supply.

2. The farm is to be so arranged that the irrigated and unirrigated portions shall mutually coutribnte to the maintenance of each in the best condition of cultnre, and in the highest possible state of fertility.

3. The irrigate(l lands are to be so arranged and prepared that the water supplied to them shall be under perfect control, both as to the volume of water to be applied to any area and as to the length of time the crops on such area shall remain n nder water or wet.

4. In rhe laying out of the farm, and especially of the irrigated portions, advantage is to be taken of the natural conditions, and of the natural contour of the surface; so that the preparation of the land, to attain the requisite couditions, shall entnil tile minimum of labour.

5. Care is to be trtken to avoid ~aturation of the ~oil, either or the irrigated lands or of lands adjacent thereto ; anrl to a\·oid the formation or retention of swamps or pools of stagnant water to the detriment of vegetation, or of the health or comfort of persons residing in the locality.

ALFRED DEAKIN, Minister of Water Supply.

Victorian Water Supply Department, Melbourne, 19th September, 1887.

APPENDIX No. 16.

PRIZES FOH BEST VAHIETY OF IRRIGATED CROPS.

Fust Prize, £50. Second Prize, £25.

CoNDITIO:-~s Olf Co~n'ETITION.

l. The area of any inigated land entered for competition for these prizes shall not be less than twelve acres in one holding.

2. For the purpose of computing the variety of irrigated crops grown on one farm, no erop shall be reckonerl the net annual value of the produce of which, on the farm, is less than £5, except in the case of garden crops, grown for tho use of those residing on the farm, the total net value of which may be reckoned as one item.

3. The number, value, and readiness of sale of the products shall each be taken into consideration in making the award ; and all of these points will weigh in determining the relative merit of the entries .

.A fir8t prize of £50, and second prize of £U.i, will be awarded to those two irrigated holdings, entered for eompetition, which, subjeet to the above conditions, exhibit the highest merit, should this be snch, as in the opinion of the judges, to justify the award.

lLl determining the order of precedence of the entries, the judges will be further guided by the following considerations, viz.:-

1. The irrigated land is to be so laid out, arranged, and prepared that the water may be applied without wa:lte, without injury to the erops, and without injury to any adjacent lands.

:2. The erops are to he arranged so that the extent of eaeh shall be in proportion to the quantity of water available for its irrigation at the Hea~on when it requires to be watered; and that the whole shall utilize all the avnilable lahonr of the farm at eaeh season of the year.

3. Speeial nttcution will be gi vcn to such cropd as are likely to eommaud the readiest sale, and the highest prices relatively to the amount of lalwur and the area of land etllployed in their production.

N OTR.-Irrigated holdings may be entered for competition both for a prize for the "best irrigated farm,'' and for n prize for the " best variety of irrigated crops.'' And the judges ma,y award a prize for both causes to the Hame holding, should they so think fit, or may award the prizes to different holdings .

Victorian Water Sapply Department, :Melbourne, 19th September, 1887.

APPENDIX No. 17.

.ALFRED DEAKIN, Minitlter of Water Supply.

IRRIGATION AT BACCHUS ~fARSH BY MR. THOS. G. PEAHCE.

Bacchus Marsh, 19th June, 1888.

Sm, C. W. Langtree, E.~q., Secretary Water Supply, Melbourne.

Again aclverting to your letter of the 9th nit., informing me of Mr. Deakin's desire to be furniHhed with such particnlars of irrigation operations at Bacchus Marsh as mi"'ht be helpful to constituents of the various \Yater Trusts, I have much pleasure in placing at the disposal of the Minister such scraps of knowledge as I have gathered by experience. ~~ c

34

The valley, or rather basin, of Bacchus Marsh is peculiarly adapted for irrigation, being watered by numerous streams, tributaries of the vV erribee river. The soil, which is a rich deep alln vial deposit, varies in character from the lightest sandy loam to the heaviest clay, and rests upon a substratum of gravel or drift, which is of so exceedingly porous a nature, as to render drainage works quite unnecessary in cultivated fields, where the surface is broken. But though it was quickly discovered that no outlay for carrying off waste water was required, the porosity of the soil did not prove an unmixed blessing. On the 40 acres of alluvial flat now cultivated and irrigated by my brother and self; and from which we have had large returns of root crops and cereals, I found, years ago, when commencing my irrigation experiments, that there was hardly any lateral soakage, the water going into the ground as through a sieve, the consequence being that it was a work of the greatest difficulty to force the water to portions of the fields remote from the main channel without first converting the land contiguous thereto into a morass, to the lasting detriment of the crop. As the water had to be raised from the river by pump, at considerable cost, and as the supply in summer frequently ran short, it was absolutely necessary to eeonomise every gallon, either by the multipli­cation of sub-channels, which in fields not at that time properly graded, would have been incon­venient and expensive, or by limiting the area of the waterings to the land immediately adjacent to the channel. At this juncture many plans were tried in the hope of devising some cheap and efficacious method of distribution, which would convey the water to the precise spot at which it was needed.

Here, as elsewhere, "necessity" proved the "mother of invention," and led to the perfecting of the calico-hose system, by which on any ordinary level field, with no appreciable loss by soakage, water can be guided for a considerable distance, and then allowed to flow out in a gentle stream upon the ground, in almost as full volume as when it left the main channel, say, a quarter of a mile distant. If it be remembered that on ground of great value, deeply cultivated, and of finest tilth, improving checks, raising banks and cutting sub-channels means loss of acreage, as well as injury to tender crops, the value of a discovery which in a few minutes gives the irrigator full command over the remotest portions of his field, and that without damage to the most delicate plant, becomes at once apparent. It is, of course, understood that I am writing of market-garden and root-crop culture; for cereals, except in the early stages, the ordinary system of checks, &c., v.rill have to be adopted, although I am persuaded that in many localities and in the largest holdings, a combination of the hose with the check system will be found advantageous. Indeed, from observation of irrigation as now practised in many parts of Victoria 1 feel confident that, as the area of irrigable land becomes larger, the economising of water will become a desideratum, not only to the pnrcha8er, but also to the public bodies entrusted with the responsible duty of fairly adjusting a limited supply to meet the requirements of an ever increasing demand; and it is more than probable that in the prevention of waste, and the intelligent utilization of every drop of water, the calico-hose system is destined to play an important part.

To intending irrigationists who are about to work alluvial flats of the nature above described, I respectfully offer the following rules and cautions which are the outcome of experimental work carried on for over seventeen years:-

1. Por root crop and kindred culture, deep cultivation, and thorough and continuous working of the soil are essentials.

2. If you do not wish to become a large employer of labour be satisfied to lay out for culti­vation, by aid of irrigation, not more than 15 to 20 acres for a start.

3. Do not S}lare trouble in running levels and grading your fields; if necessary, obtain pro­fessional assistance, it will be far cheaper in the long run. Be sure and work to a plan; if you cannot do all at once, let what is done be properly finished.

4. Remember in fields of high tilth too steep a grade i:s a mistake, the water will cut ~hannels and lay bare the roots of growing crops instead of flowing gently over the snrfaee.

5. If possible, and in view of a limited. snpply of water, keep the bottoms of your channels above the surface-level of your fields; yon can then drain off every drop of water, and if you use hosing the slight elevation will give the requisite }Jressure.

6. The first principle in successful irrigation, as I have found, is never let your ground get out of condition. Do not sow seeds without preparation of fitting seed bed; as a rule, on snch porous ground as described, it is generally necessary to irrigate before a seed bed can be obtained.

7. Crops sown on ground out of condition rarely attain perfection. 8. The hoe must follow the water. Never let the surface bake; and as soon as indications

point to failure of moisture, turn on the water again. Unless in very dry seasons, one good watering after a root crop is well above ground will generally suffice, that is, if the moisture be conserved by incessant working.

9. Potatoes require very little water. In an ordinary season a preparatory soaking of the ground will be found sufficient.

10. It is hazardous to water root crops in the autumn when three-parts grown. Remember, if the Easter break is delayed, your application of three inches artificial rain may be immediately followed by more than three of naturaL Result-every little depression in your fields will show a change of colour, and rotten roots abound.

11. You will soon find that the practice of irrigation leads to growth of weeds. Seeds come with the water, and the water germinates all the dirt which has been lying dormant under your fences; choice specimens of every variety of weed existent in the watershed from whence your supply flows, will air themselves on your headlands, mingle with your crop, choke your channels when not in use, and fill each vacant plot and corner.

35

12. :rlwrofore irrigators shonld have no nnoccnpied ground, every available foot must be cultivated, and at whatever cost the weeds must he kept down. . . .

13. Hotation of crops is extremely desirable. Here we take up earrot;; or elneory m .Jn_ly; pnt in wheat, which is cut for hay in December; then, after a good watering, plant potatoes, 1Yluch are fit to dig in March following.

14. No matter how rich yonr soil, it will pay you to mannre. the manure well to the snrface, as the water takes it down.

15. For lucerne and grass lands, where the surface is unbroken, the di:filculty is, nnles>' the fields are almost level, to rret the water to soak it is apt to run off the parts where it is most wanted and rrather in the lwllows. A Iio·ht harrowitw immccliatelv rn·ececlin!!: watering orJens the " ·b · ~ e J L..' ~

gronnd, and is especially beneficial to lucel'lle. . 16. Finally, remember yonr success depends largely uvon your own clo~ent•ss of r~bscr~atwn.

Other men's experience may prove helpful, but circumstances alter case~, au1l _no outside a~tl can ever 1lo away with the necessity for the most intelligent apprehension and assHlnon:,; devotwn on the part of the iiTigationist him:self.

I have the houor to he, Sir, Your obedient ~ervant,

THOS. G. PBAllCE.

APPENDIX No 18.

Memorandum by Jfr. John TVest, J.}fooroopna.

In distributing a large body of water, the method of conrse will in n great mea;;mre dept>nd nron the natnre of the crops to he irrigatPd. There are two great. facts, however, which mnst he horne in mind in all svstems of t1urface distribution-the one to have a hc:ul of water a'\ near the point of distribution as possible, in order that the >V!tter may be tlistrilnttl'd <·Ycnl,r awl quiekly, and tht' other that provisiou he madl' for carrying off the smplu~ water. fir:-;t effort iu tlw wny of irrigation endt:d in a lndicronH fhilnr<', through my not attacltiug ,.;nfiicient importan('c to tlw first point. Our chief a nxiPty wa:;; to get the water to 1·nn anyho1Y. There hntl he<:n mu eh specnlntion as to whether 1n; would ever get it to flow at all, aucl after :storing :->nme lmmlredc< of thou,;and::; of gallons in the trnst'10 channel (from which I obtained my snpply) we opened onr eht•ck. aml gnid<'d tlw water to tll<' nrious points of distribntion, through the flimc<ieflt of gutte1·s. · went merrily enough for the first half-hour. The problem as to whetlJ\•r the water would di-;tribntt• it~t'lf by gmvitntiou had lwen :;;ati:-;factorily settbl, ami tlH~ experiment gav<: promi~l' of king thoroughly ;;;ncees;;ful. Very soon, howPver, the banks of 011r ditelws, if they •~<ml<t Jw ,;o calle<l, 1Jt•gnn to brl'ak in every dirt•etion when the fnll pres;::;ure of the water stored in the t.rnst'::; eltamtcl enm<• into play. 'l'hc n•;;nlt can he easily imagiud. After making desperate dlorts to men'l the }J:mb) we gnvt> up in despair, and, hafffcd ami di~up]lOinted, had to shnt the watn off. Ire were mncl up to the eyPH, and had only st1ceeede(l in planting two or three bog-holes in the patch, which n•mniue!l eyesores for Llayl'l after. The lesson, however, was a nsefnl one, and I di1 l not fail to profit by it. 'Vlwre half-rHIOZl'll hands fililed miserably in tlw first attempt, two men can uow go, awl with a long­handl(•d ,.;hovel each, thoroughly nnd completely irrigate 12 acres in the ('Ours<' ot' a few hour"l. Now nH to the otht·r point, drninuge. This is not a formidable aiTuir in om northern soik All that I have found requisite is to take oft' the surface the surplus water that may lie ahont in the hollows after the soil has absorbed all it requires. This can he done with snrfnc:e drains. I have found it a good plan to malw the supply channels sn:fileicntly deep to ad as drninngl' channels when they are not in use as snpply elmnnels. In irriga,ting all products hut pastures or ~.:erenls, the furrow system will be fonnd mneh the better plan, aucl the fnrrow:; c<tn nearly always he so arranged that the surplus water can Le enrried ofi' by them to a drainage channel. Jnneh, too, ean he done by properly levelling the laud by plough anLl scoop before the water is tur1wd 011. I have done this with the 12 acres l have nnder irrigation, and I have fomul it a wonderful help in distributing the water with ease HIHl economy. I ent the area, into :;;quare;,; by rnrming 12-foot. roadway;; through it. The erowu~ of the roa1lwnvs an• an inch or two below the level of the lwdt>. Thiil make~ the water-tttLle on eaeh side 6 or 8 inchel:l below the beds. The soil renwve1l from the:;e rmtdwavs enabled me to level the whole of the cnltivatmlland beautifully. The roads improve the appearance of the place very much and serve as drainl•rs to a slight degree to the a<ljoining lau!l.

How To LAY OuT AN AnEA l'OR InmGA'l'ION.

'l'he fir~t step, of conrse, i:; to get a correct idea of the natural fall. fJ.'his having 1Jeen done, plough with the fall, or the furrows and crowns will make the ilistrihntion troublesome. The next operation is to provide supply clmnncls. The number and size of thes1· \\-ill depeml on the area and nature of the crops to Le irrigated. They shon~tl he made strong enough :t]}(l lnrgt· <'uongh nt the outset to carry all the water that may be reqmred. The following sketeh will show hmv l have

D

36

intersected my 12-acre lot. The supply and drainage channels, as shown on this sketch, are

ROADWAY

~UfP7Yi : : : I I 1 1 I I I I I I I I I I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I I I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I I ~ : : I ' ...

:c1ArNfL: 1 I I / I 1 I 1 1 I I : I 1 I I 1 I 1 I I 1 I 1 I I 1 I I I I I I I I 1 I I I I I I I 1 I I I I : I 1 I I 1 ~ : I

excavated a depth of 18 inches or 2 feet, and the banks raised about 15 inches above the surface. They are from ~ft. 6in. to 4 feet wide in the bottom. The area is divided into three sections, containing respectively three, four, and five acres.

I water everything, orchard trees and garden crops, by means of shallow drills drawn with a moulding plough. With lucerne or cereals, flooding would have to be resorted to, and here, too, it will be found advantageous to construct large and strong supply channels at intervals of not more than five chains apart, or even closer, otherwise the land near the outlet will be swamped long before the opposite side is watered.

THE NATURE OF THE CROPS 'l'HA'l' MAY BE PROFITABLY IRRIGATED.

Fruit culture will be found one of the most profitable industries to the irrigationist, and a word or two of advice in regard to the best varieties to plant, &c., ma.y not be out of place. It will be found a good plan to have a little of everything, so that if one class of fruit fail, another may not. An acre or two of good, late-keeping apples anrl pears, suitable for export; an acre or two of oranges and lemons ; the same area of aprieots anrl peaches; and a few acres of raisin vines would provide a fine source of profit, after the lapse of a few years, if properly cultivated. Care should be taken to obtain only the very hest kinds of each of these fruits. There are many hundreds of varieties of each, hut very few are really worth cultivating on a large scale for com­mercial purposes. For the northern districts I have found the following kinds well adapted for cultivation :-Apples : Cleopatra, Rome Beauty, -'-Vorthern Spy, Stone Pippin, Scarlet Nonpareil, Rymer, Five-crowned or London Pippin, Sturmer Pippin, Nemtown Pippin; all these are suited for export. Pears: Vicar qf Walufield, Josephine de JJ[alines, lVinter Nelis, lVilliams' Bon Cltretien, Jargonelle, and Beurre Clairyeau; the first three arc fine pears for export; \Villiams' Bon Chretien is the famous Bartlett pear of America, so mnch in reqw:st for cnuninp;; Jargonelle is an early pear, and valuable on this account. Apricots: Onllin's E(tr(IJ Peach, Jfoorparh, ;l£anl!field Seedling, Campbel?fteld Seedling. Peaches: Hriggs' Red Jia.IJ, Early Rivers, Royal Geor_qe, Salwa1J. Prunes: Late French Prnnc, and Fellembery or Italian Prune; these ought to he very e'xtensively planted, but it is diffieult to get stock, as nurserymen have neglected to work them up to any extent. Oranges: The Navel, Parramatta Seedling, St. J£icltael, The Queen, Emperor Mandarin, and Thorny Mandarin. Lemons: The Lisbon is the only one worth growing.

' It is important to know on what stocks the above fruits are worked. Apples should always be worked on what are known as "blight-proof'' stocks. Winter 1\Iajetin and Northern Spy are generally used for this purpose. They ensure the tree from attacks of the "woolly aphis" (the white dowuy blight which appears on the branches) on the root::;, but they are not a preventi­tive so far as the branches are concerned. Pears are worked on the <ptince, seedling pear, and the common hawthorn. The seedling pear is the hest stodL The hawthorn should not on any account be planted in the north. Apricots are worked on the peach, seedling apricot, u.nd the plum. The apricot is the favorite stock, hut I believe that where irrigation is praetised the plum stock will he found the better one, because it is not so impatient of water lodging about the roots as the apricot. Peaches are worked on seedling peaches, the almoml, and the plum. The almond stock will stand less water than either of the others. All the Sydney oranges and lctnons are worked on the wild-lemon stock, a free an(l vigorous grower, hut very liable to die out throup;h the bark at the surface becoming di,;eased. Nnmbers on this account advocate the orn,nge seedling as a stock, hut there are others again who assert that it too is liable to the lmrk discn,se. Its extremely slow growth in the young Htage renders it yery unpopular with muserymcn.

Raisin and Currant Vines.-For raisins, Jfuscat Gordo 1Jlanco (Mr. Thomas Hardy's great favorite), Jinscat f?l Ale:mndria (very like the former, but not snch a good setter), Raisin des Darnes, ~Jialaga, Cannon liatl 1llascat, and Sultana, which furnishes the stoneless raisin of commerce.

Cnrrants.-The Zante and Corinth cnrrant.

37

How AND WHEN TO PLANT.

Fruit trpes mav be planted IH to 24 feet apart, and vines 10 feet by 10 feet. They should be planted shallow, although the gronnd may be deeply worked. I think thAt where irriga­tion is practised, if the gronml be l)roken np to a depth of eight inches it will be sufficient. I have two plots of land side by side. I pai(l £3 per acre to have the one pieee broken with the trenching plough to a depth of twelve inches, and 30s. per acre to have the other ploughed to a depth of eight inche~. I have been nnnble to detect any appreciable difference either in regard to the ease of working, or tlw growth of vegetation.

The soil should be well worked with harrows and roller, and great care should be taken not to work it when it is wet, nor yt>t to plant when it is wet. Some of the fine surface soil should he workerl in about the roots, so that the fibrous roots may be properly covered. The enils of brniRecl and hroken roots should lw cut off, aml all of them sprend ont cnrefnlly. The soil should he prrssed firmly around thm1 with th(' foot, llllt not rammed down as tlwngh a gate-post were beiug made fast. It is of material importance to shorten the branches of a tree when transplanted. They should always he cut lmek to the ;;;ixth or eighth bnd. The months of ,June, ,July, and August are the best for planting all deciduous trees and vines, aml August and September for oranges and lemons.

WATERING AND CULTIVATION

Must go hand in hand. It is nselrss to run water over the soil and let it set hard. After irriga­tion, the horse-hoe and searifier must be set to work as soon as it is possible to get on the land. And here tlw great advantage of having the lan(l properly lei'elled at the outset will he fnlly realized. ·where it is llll<'Veu U1erc will he patchrs mnch wetter than others, and while one is waiting for these to dry np sufiiriPHtly to pnt the horses on, the higher and drier portions will have become too hard and will tnrn np "lnmpy.'' The constant stirring of the soil is the sine qua non of successful fruit e11lture, an<1, iurleed, of tlw culture of nearly all garden produce, and the irriga­tionist must be fnl1y prepared· to recogni,;e the fnct that the more he irrigates, the greater will be the necessity for keeping the soil stirred. With n·gard to the irrigation of fruit trees, the water should not be applie<l too early in spring, nor yet too late in the autumn. It will seldom be required before the end of October or after the middle of March.

The bettPr way of distributing wate1' to fruit trees is hy drawing a furrow with the moulding plough along each row, n.nd abont three feet off the row. The moulding plough will make a little crest on each side of the furrow, which will pre-vent the water Rpreading out over the surface to any extent. ::Vlessrs. T. Hobinson an<l Co. make an exenllent horse-hoe and moulder combined which answers both purposes admirably, nml is much cheaper than the moulding plongh. After the watering is complete, the horse-hoe or scarifier should be run through and the furrows effaced. They can be easily and quieldy drawn when required. Two or three good waterings should be suffi­cient for fruit trees in ordinary ~easons. Virws r<•qnire mneh less water, and great care will be required with these, as too mnch moisture \vill ilHlnee the development of oidium and black spot to a very great de,gree. Snlplmr effeetnally checks the oidium, and it should always be freely used whether the oidium is pre;-;ent m· not. In early spring, after the leaves have unfolded, sulphur should be dusted all over the plant 011 n still dewy moming. Again, later on, when the berries have set, and the foliage properly developed, the operation should be repeated.

OTHER CROPS WHICH MAY BE PROFITABLY IRRIGATED.

"While the irrigator is wa.iting for his trees to come into bearing there are several minor crops which are worth cultivating. I have found early tomatoes very profitable. The method I adopt is ae follows :-Early in Jnly a hot-bed is made. This is formed by spreading fresh stable manure in successive layers, aml trampling it down until a thickness of about two feet is obtained. On this a box franw is placed, and fresh mannre heaped up round the outside of the frame. About six inches of fine soil i;-; plaet-d inside the frame, and the seed sown. The frame is covered with glass or white calieo, aml on frosty nights n hag or other warm covering is thrown over the top of the fra~e. As the plants grow, air is given rlnring the day hy raising the glass or rolling back the calico on warm snnny days. In this way they are gradually hardened. At the end of a month or five weeks they are potted into fonr-inch )10ts and put into n cold frame with a calico coverincr. The covering is kept down night and day for ~tbout a week, after which it can be rolled back duri:g the day and let down at night. During Septem her they are planted ont in rows three feet apart each way. The rows are moulded up so as to inerease the warmth. During November, Deeember and ,Jannary, when they are frniting, they reqnire abundance of water every four or five days .

. Droo;n corn, from which the ordinary American honse-broom is made, will be found worthy of attentwn. The heads are worth threepence per pound in Melbourne, and about £8,000 per annum leaves the colony for the raw material. The seed should be sown in drills, moulded up, three feet apart. It may he sown towards the end of September, and before it is sown should be steeped in water for about twelve hours. lt throws a great quantity of seed which is valuable food for pigs and poultry.

To the irrigator with a :mutll holding one of the moet profitable undertakino·s will un­cl~~lh~edl:y be pig-hreedinp:, nnd here he will have a great advautage over those who cann~t make use of 1rngatwn. In wmter he can sow a crop of peas amongst his fruit h·ees. They will mellow the land and do the trees no harm. l.ater on, in August, he ean sow mangels and sugar-beet in drill

.38

three feet apart, and with the free use of water and the horse-hoe, he will be able to gather very heavy crops. In September and October he can sow amber cane and sorghum (these seeds, like the broom corn, require soaking before being sown), also in drills three feet apart; and here again, with water and the fre<]llent ;:;tirring of the soil a prodigious crop, rich in saccharine matter, and conse­quently very fitttening, can be gathered. All the perishable crops too, which through a temporary glut may be unsaleable, can be made use of for the same purpose; so that the pig should be regarded as a necessary adjunct to every irrigated holding.

APPENDIX No. 19.

IRRIGATION IN THE V ALL]}Y OF THE TORRENS, NEAR ADELADIE.

Extract frorn a Report by the Chiif Engineer qf Water Supply.

During a recent visit to South Australia, I took occasion to examine and inquire into the conditions of irrigation in the valley of the Torrens, near Adelaide, and it may not be out of place to state here briefly some of the results of my inquiries. The first irrigated garden met with in the river valley is abont half-a-mile below the weir that provirles for the diverr;ion of water into the reservoir;; supplying the city, and which is just at the neck of the gorge. The hills here are still very steep, and the flat narrow, probably nowhere more than 10 or 12 chains wide. The hills are stony, and very thinly covered with soil, while the flats consist of deep friable black loam. 'rhe total area irrigated in this garden is from 7 to 8 acres. The water is drawn trom the Torrens by a pumping plant, consisting of a three (3) horse-power vertical steam boiler and Tangye's special steam-pump, with 3-inch delivery pipe. The lift from the river to the level of the irrigated fields is somewhat over 20 feet, and the maximum delivery of the pumping plant was estimated at about 15,000 gallons per hour, equal to 40 cubic feet per minute. 'fhe cost of pnmping was stated by the proprietor to be about 10s. per day, of nine or ten honrs, for all expense;;. The water is distributed simply by small open channels of earth, delivered into head channels along the cultivated beds, and run down the fiJrrows between the drills. There are no broadcast crops. Those grown are the ordinary garden crops, for the supply of the town population of Adelaide. The following were in a more or less forward state at the date of visit, April, 1888 :-Hipe-v\ hite stone turnips, tomatoes, French beans, haricots, peas, cabbage;;, marrows, pie-melons, spinach; coming forward-cauliflowers, broccoli, cabbage, peas, tnrnips, carrot;;, beans. There was also a small area of lucerne and green maize, for forage for the three hor;;es that aid in working the property and delivering the llrodnce in Adelaide. The whole of the land in cultivation is kept heavily rnanured with stable dnng, for which n high price is paid in the city. No artificial fertilizers, guano, or bone-dust are used. The land is in good condition and heart, and in an excellent state of tilth; and everything about the place looks healthy and 11rosperons. This property may be taken as a fair sample of the irrigated market-garden lands of the Torrens Valley that supply the city of Adelaide with a large part of the vegetables consumed there.

A visit was also paid to one of the orchard gardens, about half way between the Torrens weir and the city, where the river valley has opened out into a broad flat. On this property there are about 24 aeres irrigated, entirely for the growth of fruit. The pumping plant consists of a 4-horse-power engine and three pumps, the largest of whieh is capable of delivering 20,000 gallons per hour. The engine power cannot drive these three pumps together, but is connected to the larger or smaller ones, according to the exigencies of the time. 'I'he water is conveyed and distributed by means of east-iron pipes. The main from the pump is 6 inches diameter, the irrigating branches are some 3-in. some 4-in. ; all are laid above the surface of the ground. The pipes arc straight 6-ft. lengths, witho11t fhnge;;: or sockets of any kind, the connexions being made hy a special form of loose collar and thimLw, und the joints made tight by india-ruhber insertion between the thimble ends und the collars. The water is drawn from the pipes by a cheap form of outlets, covered with flap valves, and run into ring furrows round the trees, to retain it until it soaks down to the roots. These arrangements arc saia w answer perfectly, the prer;sure in the pipes being of eourse low. A part of the orchard i;; at times supplied by an open gravitation channel that reeeives its supply from a branch ofthe Torrens rnnning through the property, the di;;trihution from this system being by open ditches. The fruits chiefly grown here are orange;;, of which there is a large quantity and great variety; also lemons, grapes, figs, apples, pears, plums, peaches, apricots. The fruit is sold in tt fresh ;;tate, and is sent over all the colonies, from Brisbane to Perth ; some ha;; recently been shipped to England. The cultivated land here also is kept heavily manured with stable dm1g obtained from the city. The cost of pumping was stated by the proprietor at about 20s. per day of nine or ten hours. Scarcely any fuel is purchased, the engine being stoked with the waste cuttings from the garden. Neither here nor at the market gardens examined could any estimate be obtained from the proprietors of t.he actual cost of water, nor of the quantity used in the irriga­tion of the properties. From my own observation, I set down the cost of water from the pumps at about lid. to lid. per thousand gallons, and this is for properties exceptionally favon!ably. sitn.ated. As to the quantity used, it seems to he less than ha.s generally been reckoned m V1etona as necessary to successful irrigation, at all events less than the quantities mentioned in official reports.

39

There are a few small properties irrigttted by windmills, and part of the water supply is drawn from wells sunk in the flats of the river valley. The total area of irrigated market gardeus and orchards in the Torrens Vallev, above Adelaide, seems to be~ abont 300 acres. Nearer to Adelaide were noticed considerable areas of market gardens, and some fruit orchards, cnltivated hy hand watering, the supply being drawn. from the city .m~ins, and pa~ll f~r at 1s. 6d. per 1,000 O'rtllons, the rate charged here. The cultivators have their httle properties m good order, and seem to live comfortably, after paying this, to onr ideas, high price for water for their crops.

APPENDIX No. 20.

REPORT ON MILDURA IRRIGATION COLONY.

(By the Cltiif Engineer qf lVater Supply).

In pnrsnance of the minute of the H onorable the Minister of \Vater Sn]Jply, of 8th March nlt., and in accordance with the understanding arrived at in regard thereto, I paid a visit ofinspce­tion to the Mildura Irrigation Colony. Leaving Melbourne by the express on the afternoon of Momlay, ~lth inst., I reached Adelaide at 10.10 a.m. on Tnesday morning; left Adelaide again at 12.15 p.rn. of the same day, and arrived at J\tlorgau, at the north-west bend of the 1\Inrray, about 7 o'clock the same evening. I had originally intended to proceed from Morgan to Mil<lura by steam­boat, but found that this arrangement would not suit. The level of the water in the river is a good deal lower than it was at the corresponding season of last yrar, so that the comparatively filst boat in which Mr. Langtree and I travelled on the occasion of onr joint visit, is laid np; and the traffic is being carried on for the time, by a snmller, less powerfnl, and slower boat. Her stay nt \Vent­worth extends only from Friday evening to Satnrday morning, dnring which time it wonld he barely possible to drive to and from J!lildnra, and certainly quite impossible to do any hm;inesf! there; and to rem::tin a week at J\:Iildnra ·would be out of the qnestion, I conld not possibly afford the time. There was, therefore, no alternative bnt to travel from Morgan to \Ventworth by coach. The distance is 168 miles, divided into Heven stages, averaging 24 miles eaeh; and it is accomplished in something· over 26 honrs. vVe left 1\forgnn on Tuesdny evening at 8 o'eloek, an honr after the arrival oft he tmin, and reaehed W entwort h between 10 and 11 o' dock on the following 'V ed11eRdn y evening. At \Yentworth I fonnd 1\Jr. Paterson, man::tger for the J!IessrR. Chaffpy Brothers, who had very kindly come down to meet me; aml with him, on the following morning, I crossed the l\:rnrray into Victoria and drove to Mildura, which was reached early in the forenoon. Tlw remainder of Thursday, the 12th, and the whole of Friday, the 13th, was devoted to an examination of the works, completed and in progress, at the Mildnra Irrigation ·block, and of the advance marle towards re­ducing the lands of the colony into a condition fit for cultivation and settlement. An examination was also made of the river gauge staff, which has been in existence here since September 1864; levels were taken to ascertain the value of the zero of the present staff, as compared with that of the mark post erected Ly the New Sonth Wales hydrographic survey party, and which is said to to have been identical with that of the staff from which the earlier readings were taken. I was fortunate also in procnring at the Mildura station a copy of a diagram prepared by the New South \Vales hydrographie surveyors, from the reeords kept at. the station, and representing gra,phieally the daily readings of the staff from September 18G4 to 1\Iay 1872. From ::VIr. Paterson I learned also that records had been kept continuously, or nearly so, from the end of 1872 to date, and obtained a elne to their present probable whereabouts. An effort will be made to recover these doenments, with a view to their tabulation, and the early computation, in connexion with the sections and measured velocities to be taken by onr officers, of the corresponding volumes of river discharge. Arrangements were made for the erection of a new gauge staff, for setting its zero so as to correspond with that of the present one, and for the con­tinuous record and transmission to the Melbourne office of the daily staff readingB. In my examination of the works and general progress made, and in the necessary arrangements connected with the river gaugingtJ, I had the ready assistance of Mr. vV. B. Chaffey, who provided horses, drove me over the ground, and afforded all needed information. I propose now to describe bripfly the progress made at the settlement, and the present rosition of matters there. After 1 had com­pleted my inspection I returned, on the morning of Saturday, the 14th, by trap, to the mouth of the Darling, re-crossed the Murray to Wentworth, and retnrned by steamer to .Morgan, the South Australian railway terminus at the north-west bend of the Murray, which was reached on 2\londay morning, in time for the train to Adelaide. . When the Messrs. Cha_ffey ob~aiued .rossessior: of the land at Mildnra, set a1nu-t as an irrign-

twu colony, a matter demandmg theu earliest attentiOn was the selection of a site for a township in such a position that it would be conveniently situated for traffic, readily accessible to the public, and aclja~ent to the lands to be first ~urveyed and prepared for occupation by agricultural settlers. Such a site was found on the land adJacent to the river, about three-quarters of a mile above the old Mildura station homestead. Hero a block has been marked out as a site for the futuro town­ship; streets have been laid out, town a.nd villa allotments surveyed, and a considemble extent of the adjoining land cnt up for agricultural settlement. The town lots in the Mildnra settlement are

40

set out so as to contain one-eighth of an acre each, the suburban or villa allotments 2t acres each, and the agricultural and horticnltura,llanrlR arc Rubdivided into 10-acrr blocks, each having a road frontage. .Any individnal purchaRer may buy land at the settlement np to the extent of 160 acres, but the company are precluded, by the terms of their agl'eement, from selling more than 160 acr :s to any one person. Up to date the total area snrveyed as town allotments is about 250 acres, su,­urban lots 800 acres, and agricnltural and hortienltnrnl lots about 5,000 acres; besides about as mueh more of which the road lines are laid out but the subdivisions are still to be effected. The whole of these allotments are surveyed and marked on the ground, and laid down on the plans, in the same manner as similar work is carried ont for the Crown Lands Department in this colony. Of these lands there have been sol<l to date-458 town lots, 54 snbnrb::m lots, and 1,610 acres of agricultural aml horticnltnrallnnds. Of the land laid ont in JCl-acre lots, ahont 1,000 acres are helo;y the len•l of the flood of 1870, and tlwrefore nnallapted for fruit growing. The whole of the remainder is snitahle either for horticulture or for the growth of ordinary fal'm crops. The Mildura colony hloek of 250,000 acres com;ists of two blocks, each of 25,000 acres, on the Murray river, to which ther luwe each a frontage of abont l~ight by a depth of abont six miles ; and enclosing- these a hlock of 200,000 acres, extending hack about eightt>en miles from the river. The whole of the land at present snrveyed is within the north-western one of the 25,000-acre blocks ; that is, the one that is fartheRt down the river a,nd nearest to the jnnetion of the Darling.

Of surveys of work, there have been completed, permanent survey of 19 miles of main channel in five liues, fonr of which start directly from the river bank, and the remaining one is a branch fed from one of these. These chaunels are laid out on a n11iform grade of 6 inches per mile; bed-widths varying from 15 to 25 feet; side slopes two hori:wntal to one vertical, and normal carrying depth gcm'rally 3 feet. Trial surveys have been malle of abont 12 miles of additional channelfl. No distributories have been yet surveyed, hnt a good deal of information has been obtained preparatory to setting them out. They will, in getwml, be Rmall channels fed from the mains, hut in some cases pipes will have to be employed. The lines of main channel so far surveyed, or trial surveyed, will provide for the watering of nhont 25,000 acres, part of which is within, anrl part without, the 25,000-acre block mentioned ahoY e. Of the ehannels surveyed, 8i miles are under rontract for constrnction, and about 5~ miles are praetically completed as to the earthworks, the hrirlg;es, &c., being still to be provided. The construction of channels is let by contract, the nverage price for earthwork being fonrpenee per cubic yard, except where the forma­tion of the ground necessitates the whole of the excavated material being led to one side, when it has cost sixpence pnr cubic yard. The average cost of these channels, 1 ;) feet \rifle at the heel, for earthwork only, is :-thont .£320 11er mile. The clearing of the sites of rbannels has so far· been cn,rried out hy day labour employed by the Messrs. Chaffey, and has cost about £35 per mile.

In making sales of lands to the earlier settlers, an undertaking was given to clear and plough the land sold, ancl make it ready for irrigation, as an inclncement to purchasers. This practice was continued rl.own to the beginning of l\fareh, since \Yhieh date the sales include the price of the land in its natural state only. But the firm still undertake to dear for their pnrchasers, hy contract., and to prepare land when ~o rAqnire<l. Under thPRe agreements 520 acres have been cleared to date, and 3:)0 acres ploughed to a depth of 18 inches by means of steam ploughing plant. All of this work is carried out by day labour. In the township of Mildura a start has been made at clearing thfl streets, so as to prepare them for traffic. One and three­quarter miles have been wholly, and four miles partially, clearPd; also, three miles of roads have been cleared in the agrieultnral part of the settlement.

It is intended. to pnt a ring of rabbit and dog-proof fence ronnel the entire 250,000 acres, and tenders are now called for the erection of 56 miles. It will consist of wire netting 36 inches wide, with one black and two barbed wires above. There will he ronnel posts, 6 inches diameter, at every 66 feet, aml posts 12 inches diameter, stayPd for straining, at eyery 20 chains. Also, there will be rolled steel standanls at every 16t feet, and droppers at ever 4 feet. For the protectioro. of the country now operated on, 12 miles of rabbit-proof fencing are being erected of iron standards 6 feet apart, with wire netting and barbed cap wire. Ahont two miles are actually ereeted, and the contraet provides for the completion of the whole within five weeks from date. For the lli'OtPction of the channels constructed and in course of construction, it has been found necessary to erect a r:rnantity of fencing to keep off stock; 16t miles of fiYe-wired fence, and 5 miles of Bix-wire<l have been so constructed. After the laml becomes scttle<l, it is assumed that '~""u''"' to channels will be unnecessary. The settlers will have to provide for the paddocking of their cattle. In addition to the above, about a mile of fencing to sold blocks has been carried out by the pnrchasers. . . .

The machinery ttnd plant on the ground melwles three tradwn engmes a,nd a portable engine, used iu the clearing and preparation of land ; with a dit.ch-dig·ging machine, a steam cul­tivator, a steam plough, and a large steam harrow. Other engmes and plant are en 1·oute to the settlement. Pumping plant, for the supply of water to the channels, consists of a pumping barge adapted to drive two :W-inch centrifugal pumps; also two steam force pumps, and one 6-inch and one 18-inch centrifnrral pump. In the scheme of works being carried ont here, the whole of the water supply to the ~hannels, for irrigation, as well as the supply to :M:ildura township, will have to he pumped from the varying level of the surface of water iu the river to the level for delivery into the channels. Some of it will have to he pumped twice, where channels have to be con­structed to supply high-lying areas, and have to be fed from others at lower levels.. A good deal of prejudice exists in Victoria against 1n:oposa~s to puml? large volumes of water for urig~ti?u, ~nd much feelinrr has been evoked by the chscusswn of proJects for the supply of water for nngatwn by pumping~ The :Messrs. Chaffey eridently do not share these prejudices; in reply to enquiries

41

they state that they do not look on the cost of pumping as at all a serious item of expenditnr~. It is certain that to irrigate even any considerable portion of the .Mildura are<t hy gravitation, in­cluding the provision of a weir on the Mnrray, with the long channel of conveyance thence to the settlement, would cost more for interest on capital outlay, and maintenance of works, then would cover the cost of pumping to the end of time. There is also a brick-making plant on the ground, for the manufacture of bricb required by the firm in their own business, and for the supply of the settlers. The brick shed is 144 feet x 54 feet, substantially built of timber, ~•nd thatched with cn,ne grass. The plant comprises a brick-making machine, with mixers and rolls, equal to the produc­tion of 25,000 bricks per day; also tramway and trucks, and a largt~ and powerful chaff cutter, for preparing material for the manufacture of porous bricks and tiles. ,

Building;,; on the ground erected by the firm consist of, a machine i:lhop of galvanized iron, 80 feet by 40 feet, with machine lathe, drilling machine, screw and bolt cutter, three forges, fan blast, anvils, &c.; also a large wood and galvanized iron building, at present occupied by Mr. Williams, and used by him as a general store. Besides these buildings erected by the firm, there are about half-a-dozen private dwellings completed, and a few in course of erection; two stores, and premises intended to be occupied by the Commercial Bank of Australasia; also a printing office, of galvanized iron, 30 feet by 40 feet, to be occupied by the Milclura Cultivator, the printing plant being already on the premises.

Other works carried out by the firm, on the 1\'Iildura block, consist of dams for the embank­ment or protection of lagoons, lake beds, &c., used in connexion with the scheme of water supply. Besides, about 16,000 acres of timbered country have been chip-ringed, so aB to he available, by-and-by, for clearing, by the comparatively cheap proce1:li:l of burning off, instead of grubbing. In the meantime, the ringed country is CXJlected to provide good grass for the 28,000 sheep, besides horses and cattle, that the Mesi'lrs. Ohaffey now have running on the .Mildnra property.

My estimate of the cost of these improvements is as follows:-Land surveys £730 Engineering snrvey8 . . . 230 Clearing for channels 205 Earthwork in channels, dams, &c. ~,290 Pumping machinery and plant ..• 5,975 Clearing, &c., of streets and roads 320 Machine shop and plant 600 Brick shed and brick-making plant 620 Habl.Jit-In'oof fencing completed 160 Fencing to channels completed... 1,290 Clearing, fencing, n.ml preparing lands 1,600 Stores, dwellings, and other buildings 3,100 Chip-ringing 16,000 acres 1,000

'rotn,l ... . .• £18,120

The above does not include the value of materials on the ground, for erection of fences and other works, but not yet used.

The present popnlation of the colony, and their employments, as far as could be ascertained, are as follows:-

.Messrs. Ohaffey and staff 19 Engineers, blacksmiths, machinsts, carpenters, bricklayers, and

other mechanic" . .. .. . •• . . . . . . . 38 Men clearing laud, and other labourers employed by the firm on

daily wages . . • . . . . . . . .. . . . 39 1\fen engaged on contract work and their employes . . . 4 7 Settlers, employed chiefly in fencing and clearing their lands,

and erecting dwellings 32 Women, chiefly marrie<l 35 Children of iichool age . . . 30 Children nuder ;-;chool age 30

Total 270

Of the 47 men set down as engaged on contract works, the majority are pnrclutsers of land in the l\fildnm colony; and are thus employing them8elves and their cattle, pendirw n favorable opportunity to btke pos:<ession of their allotments, and commence operations there. "

'J'hc Messrs. Chaffey dispo::;e of the colony lands on the following rates and term;;:- Town allotments, k acre each, £20 per lot; villa allotments, of2!i acres, £100 per lot; ngricnltnral and horticnltnrnllands, from £16 to £20 per acre. They sell either for cash or credit. On cash sales a discouut of 2~ per eent: !s nll?wed; on Cl'cdit sales i!lten•st is charged on the principnl, and the payments extended, by umform mstalments, over a pcrwd of five or ten yearr:. All lauds are sold with water-rights rnnniug with the titles, at the sam~ rate per acre as the rights ;;ecnred by the <?overnment ~o the J't~essrs. Chaffey Brothers. . ~he ~1tles also ~arry with the~n intere:sts, propor­twnate to their areas, m all chanuels and other 1rngatwn works, m all plant for pumping or other-

42

wise supplying water, through the channels, to the h1nds to be irrigated, or for domestic water supply, and in all public works within the settlement, whether constructed at the time of sale or afterwards, for the use and benefit of the lands sold. Tht•se rights to water, and pro rat(i interests in works and plant, are included in the prices at \vhich the lands are sold. They are secured to the purchasers by making eaeh of them a shareholder, with a number of shares proportioned to the area of his holding, in the Mildura Irrigation Company; to which corporation the Messrs. Chaffey hand over each section of the works on its completion, to be held by them in trust for the settlers, and managed and worked at their cost, ancl for their benefit. What each purclmser really buys, there fore, is an allotment of land, together with a right to the water needed for its irrigation, and a pro rata interest in the works by means of which the water is to be made available. It is trlle that the Messrs. Chafiey do not actually undertake with the purchasers to carry out any works, other than those in existence at the time of sale of the land, except that they undertake to bring water to the highest corner of each allotment sold. But experience, so far, has shown that there is not likely to be any lack of enstomers for the land on the terms offerell, and the 1\fessrs. Chaffey are under a certain obligation to deal liberally with their customers, because, were they to act otherwise, the sale of the colony lands would come to an abrupt conclusion. The interest of the firm in the un­sold lands of the colony is the secnrity of the purchasers for a liberal interpretation of their obliga­tions by the vemlors.

'The soil at Mildnra looks very much better, where it has been cleared and turned up by the plough, than one would have expected from the appearance it presented in a state of nature. That on the river flats is a grey sandy loam, and on our former visit seemed to me to be the best part of the land. The rising ground adjacent to the flats is a red sandy loam, or one might more correctly say a fine red sand, at least it is so on the surface, though the subsoil, where channe1ling or other works enable it to be examined, is of a better quality. But the country a mile or two back from the river, now that clearing and ploughing permit of a proper examination, is seen to be of a really very superior quality. The surface is a red loam, moderately sanely; the subsoil a clayey loam, with a strong infiltration of lime, and thickly studded with small masses of partially decomposed nodular limestone. Such soil in a, moist, or fairly moist, climate would produce heavy crops of the ordinary farm products, grain and roots, and wonld be specially well adapted for orchard culture, gardening, or vine-growing.

The need for making ample reservations for the growth of timber becomes apparent as the clearing and occupation of the land proceed. The nature of the soil and climate, and the character of the country, are snch that frequent breakwinds are almost a ncce:,;sity-ccrtainly they would contribute greatly both to the security of fruit and other crops and to the comfort of living. The colony also wil.l rctplire considerable snpplie.s of tim!Jer for fencing, building, &e., aml must depend on firewood for fuel, both for ordinary domestic nse ancl for the stoking of the numerous engines that lllll8t at all times be employed in the settlement. Early steps should he taken to provide for these reservation:,; ; and a condition to that effect should, if possible, be add(•d to the agreement between the Government and the 1\tiessrs. Chaffey. Any diminution of the aren of the colony Ly the:,;e reserves eonld be.made good by the addition of a similar area. The forest reseiTcs should be placeu under proper management, and their re-planting arranged for. In fact, provision should be made to have the stock of growing timber constantly maintained. I think a total reser­vation for timber equal to about one-sixteenth of the area alienated wonld be 8ufficient; and it should not be in one block, but in strips distributed throughout the territory.

The work done, and general progress made at the :Mihlnra settlement, are so far satisfac­tory. The Messrs. Chaffey have fully complied with the covenants of their agreement, and a1'e evhJcing a disposition to interpret liberally their obligations towards the purchasers of the colony lands. The public, on the other hand, are evidently appreciating the efforts made by the firm to establish a settlement, nnd are pnrchasing the blocks offered for sale more readily than might, at this early stage of the enterprise, have been expected. 'l'he certificate of Mr. Carr, as to the production of vouehers for an expenditure of £ll,086 16s. 8d. at 28th February, may be accepted as satisfactory. There is no doubt that, at present elate, a sum of over£ 18,000 has been expended on improvements at the l\tiildura colony, as shown in the statement foregoing.

STuART MUHRAY, 16th April, 1888. Chief Eng·ineer for Water Supply.

By Authority: RoBT. S. BRAIN, Government Printer, Melbourne,