GENERAL VICTIMOLOGY

12/08/2012

Presentedby

Jouie L. Donato

WHAT IS VICTIMOLOGY?

a specific and respectable academic and scientific discipline, a new branch in the scientific study of the victim

victimology is, simply, the scientific knowledge of the victim

WHAT IS VICTIMOLOGY?

Andzenge:Victimology is a PERCEPTION

Ben-David The Victim's Victimology

WHAT IS VICTIMOLOGY?

OLD PARADIGM:Addresses the Victims’ RIGHTS

NEW PARADIGM:Addresses the Victims’ NEEDS

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF VICTIMOLOGY

PENAL VICTIMOLOGY

1941: HANS von HENTIGThe Criminal-Victim Dyad-created a toxonomy that described how victims were responsible for their harms.

1. The Young2. The Female3. The Old4. The Mentally Defective and Deranged5. The Immigrants6. The Minorities7. The Dull Normals8. The Depressed9. The Acquisitive10. Wanton11. The Lonesome and the Heartbroken12. The Tormentor13. The Blocked, Exempted, or Fighting

PENAL VICTIMOLOGY

1947: BENJAMIN MENDELSOHN

The Penal Couple- A toxonomy

centered on the relative guilt of victims

1. The completely innocent victim.2. The victim with minor guilt.3. The victim who is as guilty as the offender.4. The victim who is more guilty than the offender.5. The most guilty victim.6. The imaginary victim.

1989:David Miers POSITIVIST VICTIMOLOGY- non-random pattern victimization of

crime

1989: Sandra Walklate CONVENTIONAL VICTIMOLOGY- Ordinary criminal Act

1990: KARMENCONSERVATIVE VICTIMOLOGY- CJS as guarantor of justice

NagelINTERACTIONIST VICTIMOLOGY- victim-offender relationship

SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT OF VICTIMOLOGY

MODERN VICTIMOLOGY

1956: MENDELSOHN"victimity“ or

victimization- proposed

establishing victim clinics which would provide victim assistance based on a specific theory of personal, social and cultural rehabilitation.

1. criminal victimization, 2. self-victimization, 3. social environmental victimization, 4. technological victimization, and 5. natural disaster victimization.

SUBJECTS:not only the victims of crime and power abuse but also the victims of accidents, natural disasters and other "acts of God“

INFLUENCES:Victim’s Movement; Clinical Studies

MODERN DEVELOPMENTS

1. Minor victims ignores personal responsibility.

2. Penal Victimologists helps balance the exaggeration.

3. Cressey’s Humanistic vs Academic Approach

4. Elias’s objective scientific research5. Fattah’s contention

PENAL VICTIMOLOGYInteractionist victimology

GENERAL VICTIMOLOGYAssistance-Oriented Victimology

Area of Interest

It is defined by criminal law;

defines victimology as the study of the victims of illegal criminal acts, which are incriminated in accordance with the criminal law provisions.

Clinical Studies;

It aims to provide victim assistance based on a specific theory of personal, social and cultural rehabilitation.

PENAL VICTIMOLOGY

GENERAL VICTIMOLOGY

Subject of Research

correlates the data on the causes of a crime with the data on to the victim's role in generating the crime

Should be not only the victims of crime and power abuse but also the victims of accidents, natural disasters and other "acts of God"

PENAL VICTIMOLOGY

GENERAL VICTIMOLOGY

Focus Penal victimology looks into the dynamics of the victim-offender interaction.Analysis on the genesis of victimization

Provide assistance or treatment rather than to analyze the genesis of victimization.

PENAL VICTIMOLOGY

GENERAL VICTIMOLOGY

Principle Victims must not be studied in purely medical terms.Criminal Victimization is not a clinical phenomenon.

Victimology should not be aimed at studying and interpreting the victims but at helping them.

PENAL VICTIMOLOGY

GENERAL VICTIMOLOGY

Principle The key to a better understanding of the problems is the recognition that they have been wronged by another human being and that their shattered sense of justice must be repaired. Victims must not only be given therapeutic help, they must also be rendered justice.

It seeks to focus on the treatment of victims, prevent future victimization and help victims deal with (or reduce) the consequences experienced from their victimization, without regard to the actual cause of that victimization. Victims of wars, natural disasters and accidents would fall into this generalized category.

THE NOW DEFINITION OF VICTIMOLOGY

(As institutionalized by the World Society of Victimology)

It is the scientific study of the extent, nature and causes of criminal victimization, its consequences for the persons involved and the reactions thereto by society, in particular the police and the criminal justice system as well as voluntary workers and professional helpers.

THANK YOU!!!