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Transcript of Vicarious Modeling
8/3/2019 Vicarious Modeling
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VicariousModeling&Self-Efficacy” ApplyingSocialLearningTheorytoHumaneEducation
MarchXX,2012
“Ifallyourfriendsjumpedoffabridge,wouldyou? -MyMom
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ThisMorning’sRoadmap
• BehavioralTheoriesofLearning
• SocialLearningTheory/SocialCognitiveTheory
• Self-Efficacyvs.Self-Concept
• Self-EfficacyandBehavior
• ObstaclestoSelf-Efficacy
• ReciprocalDeterminism
• SourcesofSelf-Efficacy
• VicariousExperienceandObservationalLearning
• IdealModels
• PhasesofModeling
• Modelingvs.Mimicry
• ModelingAggressionvs.ModelingCompassion
• HumaneEdutainmentandObservationalLearning
• SomeThoughtsaboutAssessment
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BehavioralTheoriesofLearning
IvanPavlov(1849-1936)
ClassicalConditioning
Li7leAlbert(1920)
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BehavioralTheoriesofLearning
ClassicalConditioning
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BehavioralTheoriesofLearning
OperantConditioning
B.F.Skinner(1904-1990)EdwardL.Thorndike(184-1939)
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BehavioralTheoriesofLearning
OperantConditioning
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SocialLearningTheory
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SocialLearningTheory
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SocialLearningTheory
AlbertBandura(b.1925)
BoboDoll(1961-1963)
Self-Efficacy
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Self-Efficacyvs.Self-Concept
Self-Efficacy:Beliefs,percepons
orjudgmentsaboutone
perceivedcapabilityorabilityto
successfullydothethingsthat
onewantstodo.
Self-Concept:Anoverall
generalevaluaonof
competenceandthe feelings
ofself-worth.
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Self-EfficacyandBehavior
Whataresomeofthewaysthatincreased
feelingsofself-efficacyimpactour
behaviors?
1) InfluencethechoiceswemakeandthecoursesofacAon
wechoose:PeopletendtoengageinacAviAesinwhichtheyfeelcompetentandavoidthoseinwhichtheydonot.
2) Helpsdeterminehowmucheffortwewillexpendonan
acAvity,howlongwewillpersevereinthefaceof
obstaclesandadversity.
3) Influencetheamountofstressandanxietywefeelaswe
engageinanacAvity.
4) Influencetheamountofintrinsicinterestwehaveinan
acAvity.
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ObstaclestoSelf-Efficacy
• Ourownexperiencesofpastsuccessor
failureinthesameorsimilaracAvity.
• OurobservaAonofhowothershave
succeededorfailedinthesameorsimilar
acAvity.
• Themessages(verbalornon-verbal)wereceivefromothersaboutourparAcipaAon
inanacAvity.
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ReciprocalDeterminism
PersonalFactors
MovangBeliefs,Percepons,Values,Emoons
andMeanings
EnvironmentalFactors(Reinforcers&Punishers)
Behavior
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SourcesofSelf-Efficacy
MasteryExperience
SocialPersuasion
PhysiologicalStress
VicariousExperience
Self-Efficacy
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VicariousExperience&ObservationalLearning
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IdealModels
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IdealModels
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SocialLearningTheory
“Ifallyourfriendsjumpedoffabridge,wouldyou? -MyMom
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ThePhasesofModeling
A7enon
(Extenttowhichwefocusonothers’behaviors)
Retenon
(Ourabilitytoretaina
representaonofothers’behaviorsinmemory)
Movaon
(Ourneedordesiretoexpressthesameacons
wehaveobserved)
Producon
(Ourabilitytoactuallyperformtheaconswe
observe)
ObservaonalLearning(acquisiAonandlater
performanceofbehaviorsdemonstratedbyothers)
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Mimicryvs.Modeling
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ModelingAggression
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ModelingCompassion
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HumaneEdutainment
Howitisimplemented
1) EstablishaCommunityofInquiry.
2) IdenAfya“Trigger”.
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HumaneEdutainment
“Trigger”
“IwaswalkinghomefromschooltheotherdayandIhappenedto
seeadog=edwithaveryshortchaintoatreeinfrontofastorein
myneighborhood.Itwasveryhotoutsideandthedoglooked
thirsty,butasIapproachedhimIno=cedhiswaterdishwasbonedryandoverturnedonthesidewalk.Thechainwassoshortthat
thedogcouldn’tevenlaydownandinsteadhadtositorstand.I
hadnoideahowlongthedoghadbeenthere,butbytheamount
offecesscaBeredaroundthetree,itlookedlikehemighthave
beenthereallday.Ifeltsobadbecausethedogwasobviously
suffering.Itwasclearthathehadn’teatenorhadanythingtodrinkforquitesome=me.Ilookedfortheshopownertoaskthat
thedogbegivensomewater,buttheshophadseveralcustomers
initandhejustdismissedmewithawaveofhishand,tellingme
tomindmyownbusiness.Hewouldn’teventalktome.”
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HumaneEdutainment
“Trigger”
“AlmosteverydayaEerschoolmyfriendsandIoEengotothe
parktohangoutandplaybadmintonorfootball.Inthemiddleof
theparkthereisanoldironcageholdingamonkey.Themonkey
hasbeenthereaslongasIcanrememberandpeopleoEenstopbytowatchhim.Somepeopleevengivehimpiecesoffruit,while
otherssome=mesthrowrocksors=cksathim.Whenthemonkey
getsangryorfrightenedhejumpsaroundandmakesloud
screechingnoises,whichsomepeopleseemtofindentertaining.
Yesterday,Iwasvisi=ngtheparkwithmyfriendswhenIno=ceda
groupofyoungkidsstandingaroundthemonkey’scage.Theyweretakingturnsthrowingstonesatthemonkey,tryingtogetit
tojumparoundhiscage.Icouldseethatthemonkeywasvery
agitatedanditwasbeginningtoscreechhysterically.Ifeltsobad
forit,butwhatcouldIhavedonetohelpdefusethissitua=on?
WhatkindofchoicescouldIhavemadetobeBerthissitua=on? ”
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HumaneEdutainment
Howitisimplemented
1) EstablishaCommunityofInquiry.
2) IdenAfya“Trigger”.
3) Explorethecontext.
4) CreatethecAvaAngScene.
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HumaneEdutainment
ActivatingScene
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HumaneEdutainment
Howitisimplemented
1) EstablishaCommunityofInquiry.
2) IdenAfya“Trigger”.
3) Explorethecontext.
4) CreatethecAvaAngScene.
5) ConducttheForum.
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HumaneEdutainment
TheForum
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HumaneEdutainment
Howitisimplemented
1) EstablishaCommunityofInquiry.
2) IdenAfya“Trigger”.
3) Explorethecontext.
4) CreatethecAvaAngScene.
5) ConducttheForum.
5) ProvideopportuniAesforpracAcalreinforcement.
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HumaneEdutainment
Reinforcement
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Assessment
• Foranumberofreasons,a`tudesdonotalwaysmanifestthemselvesasbehavior.
• ManyofthescalesweuseinHumane
Educaonmeasurea`tude.
• Intheabsenceofbeingabletoobserve
behavior,amoreaccuratemeasureofthe
effecvenessofHumaneEducaon
programsmaybetheassessmentofboth
a`tudeandperceponsofself-efficacy.
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ThankYou!
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