VAGINAL PROLAPSEIN

BUFFALOESPRESENTED

BY :-Tanuja

What Is Prolapse ?Prolapse can be basically defined as an abnormal repositioning of a body part from its normal anatomical position .

Types Of Prolapse:-2 Types-1). Prepartum2). Postpartum

Vaginal Prolapse

When vagina is displaced from its normal position called vaginal prolapse

Vaginal Prolapse occurs before calving during later stages of pregnancy. This type of prolapse is more common than uterine prolapse.

Causes of prolapse1. Increase intra-abdominal pressure associated with increased size of

pregnant uterus. This intra-abdominal pressure is increases in recumbent animals.

2. It occurs due to some defect in the anchoring mechanism of reproductive tract like relaxation of ligament, muscle relaxation or due to the relaxation of vulva.

3. Grazing of estrogenic plants like Trifolium subterraneum , cloves or exogenous administration of estrogenic compounds . E2 causes loosening of adjoining soft tissue and relaxation of ligament.

4. Loosening mechanism also supported with gravitation due to increase size of uterus and due to different posture of animals can adopt like sloppy floors, hills etc.

5. Fungus is also a good source of prolapse so avoid feeding of moldy maize and barley.

This condition commonly occur in stabled animals due to lack of exercise.

In twins pregnancy, prolapse is very common

More commonly occur in parous animals in comparison to heifers.

This condition is more prone in beef animals.

In pregnant uterus there is deposition of fat which is also a predisposing factor for prolapse.

Some Predisposing Factors

Signs And Symptoms• Vaginal mass looks like a pink mass of tissue about the size of a large grapefruit or volleyball.

• Small mass vagina protruded from vulva in a very initial stage and it disappears when animals is rise.

• In severe cases a large amount of vaginal mass appears and rising of animal will not result in decrease of prolapse and some time prolapse of intestine also takes place.

• Vascular supply hampered from this area and area becomes necroses , edematous and toxemic conditions develop.

• Action of microorganisms start on prolapse mass.

•If the prolapse increases in size , pressure is placed on the urinary passage and due to which retaining of urine takes place.

• Due to the mucosal swelling, excessive straining is take place and due to which sometime rectal prolapse is also take place.

•Animal is badly injured from all sides and abortion can take place.

This types of prolapse can also be an inherited trait. The daughter of the animal that experienced this problem will have an increase liklihood of suffering a vaginal prolapse herself.

Vaginal prolapse is a recurring problem , if prolapse occurs and is repaired, the animal is highly likely to prolapse again in next year when she is rebred.

Treatment3 main things are there for treatment:-

1. Reduction2. Reposition3. Retention

Firstly administered the caudal epidural anesthesia to prevent the defecation

Antibiotic therapy and calcium therapy should be provided.

1. Reduction

Sometime urinary bladder comes outside with prolapse mass, in this condition to catheterized the bladder before reposition.

If edematous condition , then apply cold or chilled water on it or apply a concentrated sugar solution, sprinkled over prolapse mass due to which exosmosis takes place and size of prolapse decreases within 20-30min.

2. Reposition Before reposition the tissue or prolapse mass should be cleaned with warm water or mild antiseptic solution to avoid contamination.

Now place back the prolapse in its natural position.

For this use any typical jelly or antiseptic cream which provide lubrication.

Placed the animal in an inclined playing i.e. back portion slightly raised and not hamper the respiratory system.

Portion near to the vulva is reposited first.

When ¾ portion is reposited, using a clinged fist and pressure is applied on cervix, this will allow complete repositioning of prolapse organ.

3. Retention Can be done by various methods:-

1. Application of truss- in this a pad of cushion is used which is supported by ropes and fixed at vulva.

• Truss is simple measure of retention which can used by a simple man.• Truss should not be applied with a much pressure because blood supply hampered and bluish area developed and sometime vulvar lips are broken down.

If a case where constant straining , necrosis is present then suturing should be done.

Suture patterns:-

1. Modified Caslick’s Operation/ Reefing Operation-

• In this ¾ portion of vulva is closed by horizontal mattress suture and ¼ portion remains open for urination.

• Monofilament nylon suture is used.

2. Forquharson’s Method-

• Excess of vagina portion is removed in circumferential manner that is trimming of vagina and then suture it.

3. Buhner’s Method

In this 1-1 ½ cm incision is made on lateral side of vulva and needle is inserted here and a U shape suture pattern from ventral to dorsal subcutaneously.

Note:-Elevate prolapse mass always above ischial arch so urine forcefully remove out.

Always protect from carnivorous animals by covering it by a cloth.

The stiches must be removed when she starts to calve.

1)Abortion2)Metritis

3) Prolapse of intestine and gangrene4) Infertility

5) Death

Siqulae