Verb Conjugation Review

Spanish 3

The verb ‘grid’Singular Pronouns Plural Pronouns

First Person

Second Person

Third Person

I = Yo

You (informal) = Tú

We = Nosotros/Nosotras

You all/Y’all (informal) =

Vosotros/Vosotras

They = Ellos/EllasYou all/Y’all (formal) =

Ustedes

He/It = ÉlShe/It = Ella

You (formal) = Usted

First Person

Second Person

Third Person

Verb ‘grid’ without background

Yo (I)

Nosotros/Nosotras (We)

Tú (You-informal)

Vosotros/Vosotras(Y’all/You all informal)

Él (He/it)Ella (She/It)Usted (You-Formal)

Ellos (They-masculine)Ellas (They-feminine)Ustedes (Y’all/You all formal)

Conjugating Verbs 101

• Before we think about endings, we have to decide WHO we need to conjugate FOR.

• Is it ‘I’, ‘You’, ‘He/She/It’, ‘We’, ‘They’ or ‘Y’all’?

• Once you have decided, then look at what type of verb it is. (We are only working with present tense right now). Is it an ‘ar’ ending? Or an ‘er’ ending? Or an ‘ir’ ending?

So…who is the subject? (Use Spanish)

• My mother and I went to the store • John ate some popcorn.• My friends enjoyed the movie.• Claire, Maria and Ana cleaned their

rooms.• You and your family had a party.• You met my new friend too!• I love to train my dog.• Sandra wanted ice cream for dessert.• Marta, Anita & Roberto waited for a

bus.

Regular Verbs in present tenseRegular verbs that end with ‘ar’

(Drop the ‘ar’ and add…)

-oHablar – ar = Habl + o = Hablo

Translates to ‘I speak’

-amosHablar – ar = Habl + amos = Hablamos

Translates to ‘We speak’

-asHablar – ar = Habl + as = Hablas

Translates to ‘You speak’

-aHablar – ar = Habl + a = Habla

Translates to ‘He speaks/She speaks/You Speak’

-anHablar – ar = Habl + an = Hablan

Translates to ‘They speak/Y’all speak’

Regular Verbs in present tenseRegular verbs that end with ‘er’

(Drop the ‘er’ and add…)

-oComer – er = Com + o = Como

Translates to ‘I eat’

-emosComer – er = Com + emos = Comemos

Translates to ‘We eat’

-esComer – er = Com + es = comes

Translates to ‘You eat’

-eComer – er = Com + e = Come

Translates to ‘He eats/She eats/You eat’

-enComer– e r= Com + en= ComenTranslates to ‘They eat/Y’all eat’

Regular Verbs in present tenseRegular verbs that end with ‘ir’

(Drop the ‘ir’ and add…)

-oVivir – ir = Viv + o = Vivo

Translates to ‘I live’

-imosVivir – ir = Viv + imos = Vivimos

Translates to ‘We live’

-esVivir – ir = Viv + es = Vives

Translates to ‘You live’

-eVivir – ir = Viv + e = Vive

Translates to ‘He lives/She lives/You live’

-enVivir – ir = Viv + en = Viven

Translates to ‘They live/Y’all live’

Irregular Verbs in present tenseCompletely irregular

HAVE TO BE MEMORIZED!!‘SER’ = to be

SoyI am

SomosWe are

EresYou (informal) are

EsHe/She/It/You

(formal) are

SonThey are/Y’all are

When to use:1.Hour, Day, Date2.Place of origin3.Occupation4.Nationality5.Religious/Political affiliation6.What it’s made of7.Possession/Owner8.Relationship to others9.Impersonal expressions10.Where an event is taking place11.Essential qualities

When to use SER?1. Hour/Day/Date Hoy es lunes. Son las tres de la mañana.2. Place of origin Soy de Guatemala.3. Occupation Soy maestra.4. Nationality Soy estadounidense.5. Religious/Political Affiliation Soy católica. No soy

comunista.6. What it’s made of Es de madera.7. Possession/Owner El libro es de Emilio.8. Relationship to someone else Es mi hijo.9. Impersonal expressions Es importante que …10. Where an even is taking place La fiesta es en el club.11. Essential qualities Señora es buena gente.

Irregular Verbs in present tenseCompletely irregular

HAVE TO BE MEMORIZED!!‘ESTAR’ = to be

EstoyI am

EstamosWe are

EstásYou (informal) are

EstáHe/She/It/You

(formal) are

EstánThey are/Y’all are

When to use:1.Geographic or physical locations2.State or condition3.Idiomatic expressions4.Progressive tenses

‘How you feel and where you are, always use the verb ESTAR’

When to use ESTAR?

• When to use:1. Geographic or physical locations Chile está en América del

Sur. Estoy en la caféteria.2. State or condition Estoy cansada. La sopa está fría.3. Idiomatic expressions Estoy en las nubes. Estás de acuerdo.4. Progressive tenses Estoy comiendo. Estoy durmiendo.

‘How you feel and where you are, always use the verb ESTAR’

Irregular Verbs in present tenseCompletely irregular

HAVE TO BE MEMORIZED!!‘IR’ = to go

VoyI go

VamosWe go

VasYou (informal) go

VaHe/She/It/You (formal) go

VanThey go/Y’all go

Irregular verbs in present tenseWith these verbs, only the YO form is irregular

CONOCER(to know)

SABER(to know)

DAR(to give)

VER(to see)

HACER(to do, make)

PONER(to put, place)

SALIR(to go out)

TRAER(to bring)

Conozco Sé Doy Veo Hago Pongo Salgo Traigo

Conoces Sabes Das Ves Haces Pones Sales Traes

Conoce Sabe Da Ve Hace Pone Sale Trae

Conocemos Sabemos Damos Vemos Hacemos Ponemos Salimos Traemos

Conocen Saben Dan Ven Hacen Ponen Salen Traen

Irregular verbs in present tenseWith these verbs, there is a STEM change except for Nosotros

These verbs change their stem from E to IE

QUERER(to want)

PENSAR(to think)

COMENZAR(to start/begin)

EMPEZAR(to start/begin)

PERDER(to lose)

PREFERIR(to prefer)

Quiero Pienso Comienzo Empiezo Pierdo Prefiero

Quieres Piensas Comienzas Empiezas Pierdes Perfieres

Quiere Piensa Comienza Empieza Pierde Prefiere

Queremos Pensamos Comenzamos Empezamos Perdemos Preferimos

Quieren Piensan Comienzan Empiezan Pierden Prefieren

More verbs like these: Cerrar, despertarse, encender, entender, hervir, recomendar.

Irregular verbs in present tenseWith these verbs, there is a STEM change except for Nosotros

These verbs change their stem from O to UE

PODER(can, able to)

DORMIR(to sleep)

VOLVER(to return)

COSTAR(to cost)

ALMORZAR(to lunch)

DOLER(to have pain)

Puedo Duermo Vuelvo Cuesto Almuerzo

Puedes Duermes Vuelves Cuestas Almuerzas Dueles

Puede Duerme Vuelve Cuesta Almuerza Duele

Podemos Dormimos Volvemos Costamos Almorzamos

Pueden Duermen Vuelven Cuestan Almuerzan Duelen

More verbs like these: Acostarse, Encontrar, Envolver, Probar.

Irregular verbs in present tenseWith these verbs, there is a STEM change except for Nosotros

These verbs change their stem from E to I

SERVIR(to serve)

COMPETIR(to compete)

FREÍR*(to fry)

PEDIR(to order/ask for)

SEGUIR**(to follow)

VESTIRSE(to dress oneself)

sirvo compito frío pido sigo** Mevisto

sirves compites fríes pides sigues Te vistes

sirve compite fríe pide sigue Se viste

servimos competimos freímos pedimos segimos Nos vestimos

sirven compiten fríen piden siguen Se visten

Irregular verbs in present tenseWith this verb, there is a STEM change except for Nosotros

This verb changes it’s stem from U to UE – There is only 1 verb like this!

JUGAR – to play (a sport, board games)

Juego

Juegas

Juega

Jugamos

Juegan

Irregular verbs in present tenseWith these verbs, there is a STEM change and YO is special-

they are known as GO verbs

DECIR (e to i) +Special YO form

(to say)

TENER (e to ie) +Special YO form

(to have)

VENIR (e to ie) +Special YO form

(to come)

Digo Tengo Vengo

Dices Tienes Vienes

Dice Tiene Viene

Decimos Tenemos Venimos

Dicen Tienen Vienen

Did you take any notes?Let’s practice…

Conjugate JUGAR in the YO form … Conjugate VENIR in the USTEDES form … Conjugate IR in the NOSOTROS form … Conjugate SER in the ÉL form …Conjugate PEDIR in the YO form …Conjugate DECIR in the YO form …Conjugate PODER in the USTED form …Conjugate SERVIR in the TÚ form …

PRACTICE!

Conjugate CONOCER in the YO form …Conjugate SALIR in the NOSOTROS form …Conjugate TRAER in the TÚ form …Conjugate HACER in the ELLA form …Conjugate ESTAR in the ELLOS form …Conjugate QUERER in the YO form …Conjugate EMPEZAR in the USTED form …Conjugate DORMIR in the USTEDES form…